Islamic Organizations Research Articles

Towards a More Illiberal Pluralism? Reexamination of the Nahdlatul Ulama’s Turn Against Islamic Fundamentalist Groups in Contemporary Indonesia

The rise of Nahdlatul Ulama’s intolerant response to Islamic fundamentalist groups has revived the long-standing scholarly debate on the future of Indonesian pluralism in post-reform era. Some scholars have overlooked that NU's response is contrary to the principles of liberal pluralism because it violates religious freedom for minority groups. Some others argue that such response actually confirm the consistency of NU's stance as a moderate Islamic organization in protecting and advocating religious pluralism in Indonesia. However, only a few scholars have studied how intolerant responses within NU and its various forms are discussed from a more critical, emphatic and comprehensive perspective. This article examines the conflicting response within NU over Islamic fundamentalist movements. This article is a qualitative research that employs a pluralism perspective as its main approach to analyzing the data. Based on a case study of local NU in Jember (East Java), it was found that many elements of NU Jember used a repressive approach in countering Islamic fundamentalist movements. This was due to the disbandment of the FPI, the termination of religious gatherings of the HTI by the State, and the rejection of the establishment of Imam Syafi'i Islamic Junior High School by the Salafis. Some, however, used non-repressive strategy against puritanical preaching of HTI, FPI and Salafi groups that are often considered heretical and in conflict with the belief of other religious groups. As result, the NU’s attempt to protect the religious freedom from fundamentalist attack turned into a threat to principles of pluralism. Indonesia’s religious freedom, I argue, is now in slow but perceptible process of deconsolidation.

Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Beragama Dalam Mengembangkan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam

This exploration expects to make sense of the reconciliation of strict balance in fostering the Islamic strict training educational program. This sort of examination is subjective with a library research approach. Research information comprises of information on strict control, educational plan improvement, PAI material from essential sources as pertinent books and diaries. Information assortment methods are completed utilizing documentation. The scientists' information sources were gotten from books and diaries about strict control, educational plan improvement, PAI materials. Information investigation utilizes Content Examination. In view of the portrayal over, the creator reaches the determination that strict control is an "pressing" task for instructive foundations, particularly Islamic instructive organizations. The ascent of outrageous peculiarities in religion today opens our psyches and hearts as Muslims to the significance of rehearsing Islam like the Prophet Muhammad SAW. The showing values brought by him have essentially become Islamic lessons, however after some time, the upsides of Islamic lessons have moved, combined with the ongoing current of globalization. Endeavors to coordinate the upsides of strict balance into PAI subjects are the underlying venturing stone to framing an age of moderate Indonesian Muslims, becoming trailblazers of harmony and carrying out the case of Rasulullah SAW as a gift for the whole universe. It is vital to fabricate a learning environment to help this combination, and it is trusted that it will create understudies who have confidence and dedication to Allah SWT, have honorable person, are peaceful, open minded, and regard contrasts which are a need among humankind

Ideologi Muhammadiyah

This article discusses the ideology of Muhammadiyah, the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia which was founded by KH. Ahmad Dahlan in 1912. Muhammadiyah ideology focuses on purifying Islamic teachings, with the aim of returning religious practices to the Koran and Sunnah of the Prophet. Throughout its journey, Muhammadiyah has also adopted a modern and progressive approach in the fields of education, health and social welfare. This article explores the basic principles of Muhammadiyah ideology, including the concepts of purification (tajdid) and renewal (islah), as well as their implementation in various social programs and activities. Apart from that, the challenges and adaptations of this ideology in facing social, political and cultural dynamics in Indonesia are also discussed. Through this analysis, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contribution and relevance of Muhammadiyah ideology in the context of modern society.

Pola Perkembangan Hukum Islam di Indonesia dan Tantangannya

The development of Islamic law in Indonesia is formed in two patterns, namely cultural patterns and structural patterns. Cultural or non-legislative patterns are played out by ulama, kyai and also Islamic mass organizations. They increase the implementation of sharia in a button up, adaptive and persuasive manner in society. Meanwhile, the structural pattern or also called the constitution is played by the political elite. They try to implement Islamic values and Islamic legal norms into national law. Both cultural patterns and structural patterns each contribute and the two cannot be separated. Even so, the existence of Islamic law in Indonesia faces many challenges. The biggest challenge comes from Muslims themselves. Muslims in general still have very low legal awareness, starting from politicians as proponents of legislation and the public as users. This picture was obtained through secondary data from three legal materials, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. These legal materials are sourced from literature using a historical approach.

Islamic faith-based organisations and their role in building social capital for post-disaster recovery in Indonesia.

This paper investigates the role of Islamic faith-based organisations (FBOs) in Indonesia and examines the way in which their disaster recovery aid can be successful or less successful depending on social capital formation in communities affected by a disaster. The paper argues that Islamic FBOs play a prominent role in disaster-affected communities by building new social capital or strengthening existing social capital. Failure to do so may affect a community's recovery and its long-term resilience. Applying a framework that considers three types of social capital-bonding, bridging, and linking-from a comparative perspective, the paper discusses two cases of disaster recovery: one following the earthquake that struck Aceh in 2013; and the other after the Mount Kelud volcanic eruptions in East Java in 2014. In both instances, the findings highlight the importance of the village facilitator, cultural sensitivity, and understanding of local indigenous and religious practices for successful disaster recovery.

Effective Communication Strategies in Improving the Perfomance of Islamic Education Organizations at Al-Ghozali Integrated Islamic Junior High School Jember

Islamic education is an essential element in community development that requires effective communication strategies to enhance organizational performance. This research employs a qualitative research approach with a literature review method to analyze effective communication strategies in the context of Islamic education. The discussion covers the definition of communication, factors influencing communication, indicators of effective communication, strategies that can be applied in the context of Islamic education, as well as barriers and challenges that may arise in the communication process. Additionally, this study explores the relationship between effective communication and the improvement of organizational performance in Islamic education. The findings of this research are expected to make a significant contribution to the development of more effective communication strategies for enhancing the performance of Islamic education organizations. Furthermore, this study is also expected to provide a deeper understanding of the importance of communication in the context of Islamic education.

Muhammadiyah dan Pelayanan Sosial Di Bidang Kesehatan dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan

The aim of this research is to describe the social and health movements carried out by Muhammadiyah as one of the leading Islamic organizations in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative methodology with a library approach. The research results show that Muhammadiyah's contribution to the field of social and health services is very large with the birth of various Muhammadiyah Charity Businesses such as hospitals, maternity homes, polyclinics, orphanages, nursing homes, and lazismu.

The Contribution of The Old and New Order Governments to Mathla'ul Anwar

This research aims to analyze the contribution of the Old Order and New Order governments to Mathla'ul Anwar. The research method used is a literature study involving analysis of relevant primary and secondary sources. The results showed that the Old Order government provided ample space for the development of Mathla'ul Anwar, by providing support for Islamic education and social religious activities. However, under the New Order government, Mathla'ul Anwar experienced obstacles due to stricter control over religious organizations and government efforts to direct religious activities in accordance with official ideology. Despite this, Mathla'ul Anwar has survived and adapted to the changing times, showing its resilience as one of the significant Islamic organizations in Indonesia. This research provides a deeper insight into the dynamics of the relationship between the government and religious organizations in Indonesia, as well as the contribution of Mathla'ul Anwar in the context of political and social change during the Old Order and New Order periods.

Framing Nonviolent Islamism: Hizb ut-Tahrir al-Islami, the Ukrainian State and the 2014 Annexation of Crimea

Abstract The article offers an analysis of the paradoxes and dilemmas in the relations between Hizb ut-Tahrir al-Islami (hti) and the Ukrainian state prior to and after the 2014 annexation of Crimea. In the first place, it traces the representations of hti by Ukrainian officials in the 2000s and early 2010s, as well as various measures adopted by the government for dealing with the group’s proliferation among Crimean Muslims. On the basis of this, the article reviews the responses of various Ukrainian government bodies and law enforcement agencies to the criminal prosecution of hti as a terrorist organisation by the Russian authorities in Crimea in the post-annexation period. In this respect, it demonstrates how hti cases were used as an important element in Ukraine’s strategy of returning control over the peninsula by rallying extensive international support against Russia’s violations of human rights. At the same time, it is an argument of this paper that, despite vocal protests against arrests and long prison sentences for the Crimean hizbis, the Ukrainian state and law enforcement remained deeply ambivalent vis-à-vis hti as a transnational Islamist organisation – a state of affairs which became particularly evident in the treatment of Russian and Central Asian hti members who sought political asylum in Ukraine.

A “Maverick Salafi Political Jihadist” in a Turbulent Period: A Biographical Study of Dr Fauzi

<p>A biographical study through the lens of Mills’ sociological imagination and Erikson’s identity crisis provides a unique understanding of Dr Fauzi AR, a dedicated Islamist. Fauzi grew up in a devout Muslim family in Kauman, Yogyakarta, the heartland of the modernist Islamic organisation Muhammadiyah. He was educated in Muhammadiyah schools and eventually became a qualified medical doctor. He was politically active in the Islamic United Development Party and joined Laskar Jihad, a Salafi-Wahabi paramilitary group, during the inter-religious conflict in Maluku in 2000. This article argues that the political turbulence during the democratic transition in 1998–1999 led Fauzi to have an identity crisis, which spurred his desire to participate in jihad (holy war). Afterwards, Fauzi became a reformed “maverick post-jihadist,” in that he was unpredictable yet competent. He was unorthodox in his methods, remaining active in mainstream political Islam through the United Development Party while also engaging in physical jihad, which is contradictory because participation in partisan politics is forbidden by the Salafi doctrine. He also remained a heavy smoker although smoking is forbidden by Salafi religious decree. He further defied Salafism by supporting his wife in an unsuccessful bid for a seat in the national parliament as a member of the secular-nationalist party Gerindra in the 2009 election. This case study of Fauzi AR reflects the complex and multifaceted nature of political Islam and Islamic movements in the post-Soeharto era, including those who resorted to extremism and violence to achieve greater Islamisation of society.</p>

Religious belief and emotional vampires in organizations

PurposeConsistent with the metaphor of narcissists as “emotional vampires” who leave their victims emotionally drained and devoid of energy, this research suggests that certain factors, such as subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and religious beliefs, can reduce the level of narcissistic behavior in organizations. Drawing from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-regulation theory, the current study evaluates the moderating role of Islamic religiosity in the relationship between subjective norms and the intention to behave narcissistically. In addition, this study examines the moderating role of afterlife belief in the relationship between perceived behavioral control and the intention to behave narcissistically.Design/methodology/approachThe research hypotheses were tested using two-wave survey data collected from managers of 103 service organizations (Study 1) and 323 employees of four service organizations (Study 2). This research applies structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the proposed model using SmartPLS 3 software.FindingsIslamic religiosity had a negative moderating role in the relationship between subjective norms and the intention to behave narcissistically (Study 1 and Study 2). In addition, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control had significant positive effects on the intention to engage in narcissistic behavior among managers (Study 1). However, perceived behavioral control had no significant effect on the intention to engage in narcissistic behavior among employees (Study 2).Originality/valueThe current study not only tests the applicability of the TPB to narcissistic behaviors in Islamic organizations, but it also extends the classic TPB framework by including two moderating variables – Islamic religiosity and afterlife belief.

Integration of Islamic Law Regulation and Positive Law in Addressing Business Ethics Challenges in The Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0

The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Society 5.0 has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including in the business world. The rapid development of technology and the integration of cyber-physical systems have changed the way businesses are conducted, giving rise to new and complex business ethics challenges. The normative juridical research method is employed in this study, which focuses on positive legal regulations related to legislation. Two approaches, the Statute Approach and the Conceptual Approach, are utilized. Primary and secondary legal sources are employed to understand and apply the law. Integrating Islamic Law and Positive Law regulations refers to the effort to combine their principles harmoniously. This integration involves identifying similarities and differences, considering contemporary aspects such as technology and globalization. Ethical challenges in business during the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0 era include ensuring justice, sustainability, and humanity in business practices. Islamic and Positive Law regulations, such as usury and consumer protection prohibition, help guide ethical business behavior. Integrating Islamic and Positive Law regulations can address business ethics challenges. Collaboration among the government, society, and Islamic organizations is necessary to strengthen regulatory implementation. Education on Islamic values-based business ethics also needs to be reinforced to cultivate responsible business leaders for the future.

Learning the Values of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah for Santri MBI Amanatul Ummah Pacet Mojokerto

Learning the values ​​of Aswaja (Ahlussunnah wal Jama'ah) which are Islamic religious teachings held by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, has a significant influence on people's religious and cultural understanding. An-Nahdliyah refers to the values ​​contained in Islamic teachings practiced by members of Nahdlatul UlamaThe purpose of this research: first, to analyze the values ​​of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah which are carried out at the International Standard Madrasah Aliyah (MBI) Amanatul Ummah Pacet - Mojokerto. Second, to analyze the learning of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah values ​​among students at the Standard Aliyah Madrasah International (MBI) Amanatul Ummah Pacet – Mojokerto. Third to identify obstacles and provide solutions in learning Aswaja An-Nahdliyah values ​​for students at the International Standard Madrasah Aliyah (MBI) Amanatul Ummah Pacet – Mojokerto. By using qualitative research and a case study approach. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation, and documentation. The data sources are informants who are directly involved in the implementation of Mujadi activities, namely the Deputy Mujadi Curriculum Coordinator, the Deputy Mujadi Teacher Coordinator, Aswaja teachers, and students. The results of the research that have been studied by the authors are first, tasamuh, tawasuth, tawazun, and amar ma'ruf nahi munkar which are reflected in the daily activities of students at this institution such as inviting national and international scholars, practicing amaliyah, and in relationships. students' social life. Second, on learning the values ​​of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah it was explained that it had been instilled in students from the moment they entered this institution, but only limited to learning in terms of the practice of amaliyah, and when they reached the final semester, they were given aswaja materials. Third supporting and inhibiting factors such as lack of discipline from students, limited attention to students as a whole, and limited time to provide deeper understanding to students. The solution is to improve the quality of teachers, invite ulama or experts in the field, use diverse learning approaches to meet the diverse learning needs of students, and link the teachings of Aswaja An-Nahdliyah to the context of students' daily lives.

The strength of Muhammadiyah's existence in the modern era: Pillars of empowerment and community strengthening

A study regarding the role of Muhammadiyah in the pillars of community empowerment and strengthening needs to be carried out, considering that this organization is the largest organization in Indonesia. This article aimed to analyze the strength of Muhammadiyah's existence which focuses on the pillars of empowerment and strengthening of society. This paper was prepared using library research methods. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. Data visualization, especially regarding references and keywords that frequently appear, is assisted with VOSviewer. The results show that Muhammadiyah is an Islamic organization that has a clear and real role in empowering and strengthening of society. Muhammadiyah has a central role in the field of philanthropy, in fact this has become Muhammadiyah's identity. Al-Ma'un became the ideological-theological foundation of Muhammadiyah's struggle. The advocacy movement through community empowerment has changed the face of Muhammadiyah to become more populist. Community empowerment is carried out through action programs that directly touch on the real problems of poor and marginalized communities represented by farmers, fishermen, livestock breeders, workers, urban poor communities and people with disabilities. Women's groups who have been marginalized and tend to be subordinated have also become targets of empowerment work carried out by Muhammadiyah, especially through its wing organization, namely Aisyiyah.

Political Choices of Muhammadiyah Citizens as a Muslim Minority in the 2018 Bali Governor Election in Indonesia

Purpose: the primary aim of this study is to explore how the Muhammadiyah community in Bali, a minority Muslim group, engaged in the 2018 Bali gubernatorial election to assert and navigate their political identity. This research seeks to understand the impact of their political participation within the broader dynamics of identity politics in a predominantly non-Muslim setting. Theoretical Reference: the study is framed within theories of political identity and political communication, which provide insights into how identities are formed, communicated, and leveraged in political contexts. These theories help elucidate the complex interactions between minority groups and the political environment, particularly in areas where identity politics play a significant role. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed to capture the political preferences and behaviors of Muhammadiyah members during the 2018 gubernatorial election. Data was gathered through interviews, focus groups, and analysis of campaign materials and public statements. This method enabled a detailed and nuanced understanding of the Muhammadiyah community's political engagement. Results and Conclusion: the findings indicate that Muhammadiyah members actively participated in the election, using it as a platform to advocate for their political and social interests. Their engagement was shaped by their minority status and the need to assert their identity in a socio-political landscape dominated by different religious and cultural norms. The election outcomes revealed both the challenges and opportunities faced by Muhammadiyah in navigating identity politics in Bali. Implications of Research: this study highlights the critical role of minority religious communities in shaping political landscapes, even in regions where they do not form the majority. Understanding these dynamics is essential for policymakers, political leaders, and civil society organizations that aim to foster inclusive political processes. It also underscores the importance of effective political communication strategies that cater to diverse communities. Originality/Value: this research contributes to the limited literature on the political behavior of Islamic organizations like Muhammadiyah in regional politics, particularly within non-Muslim majority regions. It offers a unique insight into how identity politics and minority status influence political engagement and communication, adding depth to the discussions on multiculturalism and political inclusion in Southeast Asia.

The Social Construction of Tolerance Discourse through Online Media: Study of NU Online

As the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) plays a major role in maintaining the country's diversity. As we know, intolerance among Indonesians has become a major problem for the nation. This research examines how NU constructs and spreads the value of tolerance through its online media, called “NU Online.” The theory of the social construction of reality, written by Berger and Luckmann, is used as a theoretical framework to depict internalization, objectification, and externalization processes in NU Online while constructing and spreading tolerance issues. Data were collected using a qualitative method, interviewing NU Online's members and editorial teams. The results of this study show that NU has an organizational value that regards tolerance as an important aspect of religious life. Moreover, the Islamic value of NU became a behavioral basis for all NU members, including members of NU Online. This value is called Ahlusunnah Waljamaah. Since becoming NU members, they have been internalized by the Ahlusunnah Waljamaah as a core value of the organization. Furthermore, in NU Online, this value spreads to the public through objectification and externalization processes.

The Performance of Islamic Organizations Based on Maqasid Sharia Disclosure

This study aims to construct a performance measurement of Maqasid Sharia for Islamic organizations both profit-oriented and non-profit. This study used content analysis to construct performance measurement, which is to find the appropriate Maqasid Sharia concept and then describe the Maqasid Sharia concept into dimensions and elements. This research construct 5 ideal goals based on Al-Ghazali's concept: preservation of religion, life/soul, reason, heredity, and wealth. Furthermore, describe the ideal goals into 12 dimensions, 20 elements, and 74 items of disclosure.

Analysis of the Role of Zakat, Sadaqah, and Infaq in the Community Economy for Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia

This qualitative study delves into the role of Zakat, Sadaqah, and Infaq (ZSI) within the Indonesian community economy for poverty alleviation. Through interviews with diverse stakeholders, including representatives from Islamic charitable organizations, government officials, community leaders, and beneficiaries, as well as document analysis, the research explores perceptions, practices, impacts, challenges, and opportunities associated with ZSI initiatives. The findings reveal that ZSI plays a crucial role in providing social safety nets, fostering sustainable livelihoods, and promoting social cohesion within Indonesian communities. Despite governance issues and logistical challenges, collaborative partnerships, technology integration, and capacity building offer promising avenues for enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of ZSI initiatives. Overall, this research underscores the significance of ZSI as a tool for promoting social justice, economic empowerment, and community resilience in Indonesia.

ATTITUDE OF INDONESIAN MUSLIMS TOWARDS PRODUCT BOYCOTT PRO-ISRAEL Analysis Of Fatwas Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Number 83 of 2023 Concerning Legal Status of Supporting the Palestinian Struggle

This study investigates the Indonesian Ulema Council Fatwa Number 83 of 2023 concerning the Legal Status of Supporting the Palestinian Struggle, aiming to evaluate public compliance with the fatwa in boycotting Israeli products and their affiliates. The Indonesian Ulema Council, an independent Islamic organization not affiliated with any political parties or specific Islamic sects, possesses the authority to issue fatwas grounded in Sharia law. Through a qualitative juridical-sociological approach, this study scrutinizes the content and ramifications of these fatwas on the Muslim community in Indonesia. The research concludes that while MUI fatwas carry informal legal significance, their implementation should consider fundamental needs and national economic repercussions. Indonesian Muslims demonstrate diverse reactions to the fatwa, with some adhering to it due to religious beliefs, while others prioritize practical necessities and business concerns over the boycott call. The prevalent support for the fatwa must be considered in the pursuit of justice for Palestinians.

The Sustainable Development Strategy of Nahdlatul Ulama: A Century of Commitment to Globalization Advancement

This research explores the sustainable development strategy employed by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), a prominent Islamic organization in Indonesia, over the past century. NU, founded in 1926, has played a crucial role in promoting education, social welfare, and economic development nationwide. Rooted in Islamic values, NU has demonstrated a strong commitment to sustainable development, encompassing social and political dimensions. Through active participation from community members and governmental bodies, NU has implemented various initiatives aimed at enhancing social welfare and political advancement. This research examines NU's sustainable development efforts, highlighting its long-standing dedication to fostering inclusive and sustainable progress in Indonesian society.