Islamic Circles Research Articles

How does religion influence an emerging nationalism? Evidence from the Kurdish context in Turkey

AbstractBased on qualitative interviews with 66 Sunni Muslim Kurdish elites, this study reveals that Kurdish Islamic circles in Turkey are not monolithic, homogeneous or fixed. Some willingly or unwillingly maintain their Islamic identity as a primary reference point for self‐consciousness, motivation for collective action and political aspirations, often at the expense of ethnopolitical mobilization. Others combine Kurdish national claims with an Islamic orientation, pursuing a path of coexistence between the secular and the religious in the expedition towards nationhood. In the competitive interplay between religion and nationalism, Islam acts as a restraining force on the rise of national sentiment among Muslim Kurds. In the symbiotic interplay, Islam no longer serves as an obstacle to delay Kurdish mobilization but rather accommodates secular norms and values in favour of welcoming national zeals.

Kontroversi Kesejarahan Pengarang Bahrul Lahut Antara Ulama Aceh dan Ulama Minangkabau


 
 
 
 Studies on the history of the author of Bahrul Lahut, namely Sheikh Abdullah Arif, have never been carried out, even though there are different versions, especially between sources in Aceh and sources in Minangkabau. Therefore, this research seeks to uncover the controversy over Bahrul Lahut’s authorship and touch on its content as a preliminary study because the two are interconnected. This research uses a philological, archaeo-genealogical and historical approach. The aim of the research is to reveal the content of Bahrul Lahut and the history of its author which is still related to the teachings in the manuscript. The results of the study, (1) Bahrul Lahut’s content describes the creation of the universe which is influenced by Ibn Arabi’s understanding of wahdatul form and emanation. (2) The genealogy of Bahrul Lahut’s knowledge has the same paradigm as the spirit of the revision of the wujudiyah ideology carried out by Sheikh Abdurrouf Singkel, who attempted to reconcile the conflict between the wujudiyah and syuhudiyah ideologies in Islamic circles in the archipelago. (3) Sheikh Abdullah Arif is not a single figure because in several sources it is stated that he is not only considered a scholar from the 12th century during the Samudera Pasai Kingdom, but is also known as the first teacher of Sheikh Burhanuddin Ulakan, who was a student of Sheikh Abdurrouf Singkel. Referring to the genealogy of knowledge of works and sources from Minangkabau, the history of Sheikh Abdullah Arif is closer to the time of Sheikh Abdurrouf Singkel, namely the period of the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom (17th century), so previous claims state that he lived during the Samudera Pasai Kingdom (17th century - 12) deserves to be questioned again.
 
 
 

Practice of Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia on Islamic Jurisprudence

This article discusses Islamic jurisprudence in responding to the practice of interfaith marriages in Indonesia. The practice of interfaith marriages in Indonesia has occurred, despite rejection from various Islamic circles. According to Islamic law, in this case the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) has prohibited the practice of marriage. This interfaith marriage cannot achieve the true goal of marriage. This research uses a normative approach using the Sadd Dzari'ah theory. Sadd Adzariah refers to actions that initially provide benefits, but end in losses. The conclusion of this research shows that the Sadd Dzari'ah concept in prohibiting interfaith marriages aims to prevent religious change and avoid potential conflicts within the family. Interfaith marriages can cause one of the Muslim partners to change their faith, so the clerics prohibit it to prevent negative impacts such as changing beliefs. In addition, restrictions on interfaith marriages aim to create peace in the family and prevent children who marry non-Muslims from following non-Muslim religions. This prohibition also aims to avoid divisions in the family.

Pemahaman Liberalisme dalam Perspektif Islam dan Kristen Studi terhadap Pandangan Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) dan Persekutuan Injili Indonesia

This study discusses the understanding of religious liberalism from an Islamic and Christian perspective. Liberal values are prohibited by the MUI, so Islam is contrary to the basic right to freedom. In rejecting the principle of freedom, the meaning is often misinterpreted as "free as freely as possible without limits" which is not actually the freedom of anarchy. Misunderstandings occur among orthodox Islamic circles, but also among secular nationalities. Liberalism is related to individualism on the one hand and imperialist capitalism on the other. Liberalism understands that it experiences development and change and can even form politics and political parties. The opposite of liberalism is fundamentalism, both in the economic and religious fields. What is meant by liberal freedom here is freedom that is institutionalized in constitutional law, freedom and human rights are the foundation of democracy, because with these principles every citizen is given the right to choose and be elected. Christian liberalism, they want to return to the holy book because Christianity has various kinds of sects and interpretations of the holy book at this time, so liberal Protestant Christians want to return to the new teachings, because it is opposed by fundamentalism, therefore again, sects and sects are born again. currents in Christianity. Liberalism in Islam is a renewal of good life, in the study of fiqh, kalam science, and Sufism. They want to make reforms with certain grounds and reasons. So the MUI forbids the flow of religious liberalism, whereas in Christianity the flow of religious liberalism is not prohibited because the Christian religion, every time they have an understanding of their own religion, they immediately create their own sects and sects, because the Christian religion has no valid guidelines, the Bible follows the times. which is very different from Islam, whatever actions and actions are based on the Koran and hadith. The method used is a qualitative method, which is based on the theory of liberalism.

The Phenomenon of Development Misyar Marriage from the Perspective of Islamic Law and Human Rights

Misyar marriage is one of several Muslim terms in the Middle East. Due to the evolution of life and society, this marriage is a significant phenomenon in Islamic circles. Misyar marriage is performed by a man under the correct contract and conditions, where both parties must give up some rights that are incomparable with the conditions of other marriages Misyar marriage demands that women relinquish certain rights ordinarily associated with marriage, which raises concerns for human rights, particularly those governing discrimination against women. On the contrary, human rights uphold the values of rights and dignity regardless of gender, particularly for women who should receive the same treatment and rights as men, one of which is discussed in the conventions on eradicating all forms of discrimination against women and the rights of the child. This study examines the phenomenon of Misyar marriage through the lens of Islamic law and human rights, employing legal doctrinal or normative research methods, a statutory approach, and a historical perspective. The findings of this study indicated that Misyar marriage differs from other marriages and has a connection to human rights, particularly women's rights to marry. Some scholars believe that this Marriage is permissible and valid. However, according to the following opinion, Misyar marriage is prohibited. This is a violation of international law and not a violation of human rights because the conditions for marriage are not satisfied.

ADAPTATION OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION: Dispersion of Wasathiyah Islam as the Treasure of PTKIN in Aceh

<p><em>Indonesia is a unitary state that adheres to a democratic system even though most of its population is Muslim. Radical Islamic circles use this reality to shake the sovereignty of elected leaders. As a result, the concept of religion and state ideology often clash through the rise of hoaxes and hate speech. In response, religious moderation is the Ministry of Religion's mainstay program to educate the public so that they are not easily exposed to radical views. The program's seriousness is embedded in various policy rhythms regarding outreach, education, ASN selection, seminars, and research grants at Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri (PTKIN). Under the Ministry of Religion, PTKIN Aceh should follow up on the religious moderation program the Government echoes. In fact, not all Aceh PTKIN academics accept religious moderation in totality, program deviations often occur, where PTKIN claims to be moderate before the Ministry of Religion but is anti-moderation when involved in society. This article belongs to field research with a qualitative approach. The methodology used is a descriptive analysis study with a comparative format for various PTKINs in Aceh. The research locations were IAIN Langsa, IAIN Lhokseumawe, UIN-Ar-Raniry, STAIN Dirundeng Meulaboh, and IAIN Takengon. The research findings conclude that the different forms of implementation of religious moderation between the Government and PTKIN Aceh are due to adaptation and dispersion (deviations). The dispersion of religious moderation in PTKIN in Aceh is influenced by scientific adaptation, leadership authority adaptation, local wisdom adaptation, and political adaptation.</em></p>

Sarekat Islam and the Anti-Chinese Riots

<p><em>The purpose of this study is to find out the background behind the Islamic Circle and the cause of anti-Chinese riots in some areas like Surakarta. In addition to finding out the impact that happens on the indigenous traders in the economy. so that the right method used in this research is with the historical method, which has several stages in the historical method, including data collection (heuristics), Verification (critical source), interpretation (data analysis), and Historiography (history writing). In this case, the Islamic Circuit was formed from the formation of the Islamic Circuit in Surakarta aimed at balancing the economic activities of the Chinese in the process of buying, especially batics. this is what caused anti-Chinese riots</em><em>.</em></p>

DIALEKTIKA FILSAFAT DALAM SEJARAH ISLAM: PEMIKIRAN DAN PROBLEMATIKANYA

Islamic philosophy has a long history of problems, both within and outside the Muslim body. Philosophy that originated in Greece has certainly given rise to judgment, condemnation, and even rejection from some Islamic circles. Al-Ghazālī (1058-1111 AD) with his book Tahāfut al-Falāsifah, which later made the stigma about philosophy worse and even led to his death, and which later appeared on the counter of an Ibn Rusyd with his book Tahafut At-Tahafut. This article highlights the thinking of Muslim philosophers and scholars in response to philosophy and mentions the reasons behind it, which will then be packaged in the form of the ups and downs of the development of Islamic philosophy. This article will also help decipher the origins of philosophy, its position in the tradition of thinking in Islam, and philosophy as a fusion between revelation and reason. This article's discussion uses a descriptive-analytical method that focuses on history. The results of this study can help recognize the role and position of philosophy in the intellectual history of Islam, which is then able to determine attitudes and views towards philosophy.

A History of Palestinian Islamic Jihad: Faith, Awareness, and Revolution in the Middle East

A History of Palestinian Islamic Jihad: Faith, Awareness, and Revolution in the Middle East

Universal Salvation in Christian and Islamic Thought: The Arabic Reception of Isaac of Nineveh

This article examines the interreligious exchange of ideas concerning hell, divine mercy, and universal salvation, as attested in a tenth-century Arabic translation of the writings of Isaac of Nineveh. This translation was produced in Iraq by an East Syrian Christian named Ḥanūn ibn Yūḥannā ibn al-Ṣalt. In the translation’s preface, Ḥanūn tells an anonymous addressee about Isaac’s doctrine of universal salvation. As Alexander Treiger first suggested, Ḥanūn’s addressee was likely Muslim. By analyzing Ḥanūn’s discussion of Isaac’s views in light of contemporary Islamic sources, as well as a Judeo-Arabic text, I argue that Ḥanūn recast Isaac’s teachings in order to speak to a multireligious audience and address conversations in Islamic circles concerning the eternality of hell and the scope of God’s mercy. Ḥanūn’s treatment thus reveals soteriology as a shared field in the ‘Abbasid world, in which Jewish, Christian, and Islamic views intersected and influenced one another.

Ruqyah and Scorpion's Incantation between the Lawful and the Forbidden

The Prophet (Muhammad), may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, is a messenger sent from God, and we testify that he knows what benefits the nation, and what protects it from the harm of some humans, jinn, vermin and carnivores; and to protect themselves from the evil of poisonous creatures such as scorpions and others; so that their Ruqyah and their incantation be legal. And he, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, forbade polytheistic incantations and warned against it to protect the aspect of monotheism, and lest they fall into the trap of polytheism and its evil. There are words for incantations and spells that have appeared in Islamic circles, and some ancient and modern people have transmitted them, thinking that they heal the victim from the sting of a scorpion; or if it was uttered by someone who witnessed the scorpion, then it traps it and prevents it from harming him. These words, which their owners believe are Ruqyah and incantations from the scorpion, have spread in the valleys and villages, where scorpions and other poisonous creatures are abundant due to desertification. The research aims to achieve and consolidate worship among Muslims, as well as rejecting the ways of polytheism and pushing its means. Correcting the errors that occur in the unification of worship and its clarification, and the explanation of the legal incantations with which the person injured by the sting of a scorpion is ascended. And then a statement of the legitimate invocations with which the Muslim himself seeks refuge from the sting of a scorpion, then he mentioned the ancient and contemporary incantations and illegitimate invocations from the sting of a scorpion and a statement of its ruling. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical method. I attributed the sources that I relied on in my research from the books of Sunnah and others and analyzed and then extracted the legitimate and prohibited results. The research reached to mention the differences between Ruqyah and incantation, and to show that when they are combined, Ruqyah is a lever and incantation is a motive. Explanation of the permissibility of using useful tested words in Ruqyah and the scorpion, even if they are not from the Qur’an or the aphoristic supplications, statement of charters and their meaning, explanation of the rule of some Ruqyahs and incantations used in this time.

Bekerjanya Politisasi Identitas pada Pilkada Sumut 2018

This article will describe what is the winning factor for Edy Rahmayadi and Musa Rajekshah in the 2018 Sumatera Utara contestation of regional elections. The author sees Political Identity greatly influencing the course of democracy in North Sumatra due to differences in religious identity between the two pairs of contesting candidates. The politics of identity centered on the politicization of shared identity is an important base of glue in group collectivity. Identity is then politicized through extreme interpretation to gain support from the majority of the community both in race, ethnicity and religion. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive analysis. The data collection techniques through interviews as primary data and secondary data in the form of news, journals, books, and documents related to the results of Sumatera Utara 2018 regional elections. Findings from this study, the author saw Edy-Musa utilizing Islamic discourse as a power to obtain votes from Islamic circles. This is evident from the post-election vote acquisition in certain regional bases, as well as the social conditions of the community before the vote. In addition, Islamic discourse is clearly present through banners calling for choosing Muslim leaders, morning prayer in congregation and other identity issues as an effort to influence people’s preferences to make choices on voting. This paper seeks to understand identity politics as a form of popular strategy and the implications that arise in the electoral politics.

KEPEMIMPINAN PEREMPUAN: Peran Ratu Ageng terhadap Perjuangan Pangeran Diponegoro dalam Perang Jawa 1825-1830

The research aims to expose the issue of female leadership that is still being debated in islamic circles. In this research, the queen Ageng provides insight and firmness that the women are not subordinate by male's superiority in lifetime. Besides, the researchers used library research method. In this method, the researchers have several steps. The first, the researchers search for literature sources from a source to another source. The second, the researchers making a conclusion drawing and creating a new ideas. Furthermore, the result of this research is that queen Ageng as a female figure from Java that had a key role in the success of the 1825-1830 Java wars that inspired by prince Diponegoro. Moreover, the queen Ageng also has the role in character developing of prince Diponegoro.Â

KONSEP BELAJAR DALAM ISLAM

Learning is a series of mental and physical activities to obtain a change in behavior as a result of an individual's experience in interaction with environment concerning cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Learning strategies and learning methods are two different concepts but they are related to one another. Education is also one of the dimensions in Islamic circles. Various sides of education are discussed in Islam because education is not unidirectional, which only thinks of the transfer of knowledge as a measure of success. But also various other sides such as theories, principles, learning strategies, learning methods, which are related to learning. This study uses library research (library research). And the data search was carried out by looking at several Islamic history books and various other sources. This study aims to determine the definition of learning, strategies, concepts, methods and principles of learning from an Islamic perspective. Keywords : Learning Concept, Islam

Sinicization of Islam from the Perspective of Religious Cultural Traditions

Islamic religious cultural traditions encourage Muslims to be progressive, keep pace with the times, and continue to innovate al-Ijtihad and cultures. This cultural spirit and tradition endow Islam with inherent dynamism for its localization and contextualization in different regions and different times. The history of the spread and development of Islam in China for more than 1,300 years is also the history of continuous exploration and advancement on the road of sinicization and continuous adaptation to the Chinese society. History has shown that following the direction of sinicization not only conforms to the religious cultural traditions of Islam, but is also the objective demand and the only correct way for Islam to adapt to Chinese society. Today, the Chinese Islamic circles must uphold traditions of Islam as well as continue to innovate at the same time and press forward on the road to the sinicization of Islam.

Muslim Feminist, Media Sensation, and Religious Entrepreneur: Aminata Kane Koné as a Figure of Success in Côte d’Ivoire

This article analyzes the career path of Aminata Kane Koné, a highly educated Ivorian Muslim woman, who has emerged as a female figure of success. A prominent activist of the Association des Élèves et Étudiants Musulmans de Côte d'Ivoire in the 2000s, she has become a self-made religious entrepreneur through media and social initiatives. She has overcome social constraints to establish herself as a highly mediatized Muslim public intellectual, influential not only in Islamic circles, but within the broader society. Her case illustrates ways in which relationships between gender and Islamic authority are changing in West Africa. She embodies a uniquely hybrid feminism, influenced by her secular education and her Muslim faith.

Principles for the study of the biography of Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) and orientalists approach

Orientalists have discovered the original and ancient sources, tracked and collected manuscripts from around the world, edited them and published their translations in different languages. They have provided such a vast asset of knowledge on Islam that it is now inevitable for anyone who writes on Seerah and Islam. Their scholarly endeavors have generally been appreciated, but there has been a perception in Islamic circle that they did not use scientific honesty, impartiality and broad-mindedness in presenting Prophet's (peace be upon him) biography and Islam, but with misrepresentation and prejudice. They have deliberately distorted the events and made a concerted effort to distort the history of Islam. orientalists have written countless books on Islam not only in English but also in other languages, so all those who cannot directly benefit from the writings of Arabic or Muslims in general will read their books and understand the same in the world. What they want to tell and explain about Islam will not give them a true picture of Islam. Besides, future generation who see Islam through the eyes of these orientalists will also remain skeptical of Islam. In view of these circumstances, it is necessary to present a balanced and scholarly review of Hazrat Muhammad (peace be upon him) writings, openly acknowledging his (peace be upon him) strengths and exposing shortcomings. This is what the article under research tries to do.

The role of Youth Leadership Development Program: The case of immigrant communities in Canada

Youth Learning Development Programs (YLDP) are based on the evolution of attitudes, values and practices, and skills. The present research intends to explore the role of YLDP of the Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) Canada in the personal and professional development of youth. The YLDP at ICNA adopts the “learning by doing” approach while arranging different workshops, seminars, and projects to boost the personal and professional skills of the immigrant youth. Following a constructive paradigm and qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews from nine participants from YLDP members and mentors. YLDP reports and website information was also studied. The results show that YLDP at ICNA has been working towards the personal and professional development of young people of different communities by engaging youth in social activities and help them to become future leader, which in turn helps them to have a better quality of life. The results will help the policymakers to adopt appropriate courses for migrant youth.

Contribution of NEO Modernism Thoughts on Islamic Thoughts in Indonesia

The aim of the study is to find out the contribution of NEO modernism trought on Islamic trough in Indonesia. This result of the study is Islamic Civilization" in this case, especially Nurcholish Madjid, considers that Islamic rationalism, which in the classical Islamic tradition emerged in the Mu'tazilite theology and Al-Kindi to Ibn Rushd's theology, then systematically became the rational theology of Muhammad Abduh. Basically Hellenistic, because that is not an Islamic genuin. Theological thought and Rational philosophy according to Islamic circles This civilization was built from the construction of Greek theories (especially Aristotle), which from an Islamic point of view, is actually quite problematic, because it is too Rational. The weakness of this Islam, according to the circles of 'Islamic Civilization because they lack in providing an equilibrium in religious life, which is practical and direct to the daily appreciation of God.

İhvân-ı Safâ düşüncesinde müzik ve kosmos ilişkisi

İhvân-ı Safâ düşüncesinde müzik ve kosmos ilişkisi