THROUGHOUT HER CAREER Helen McCullough has enjoyed a solid reputation as a meticulous translator of premodern Japanese texts. She has, on the whole, chosen to deal with material that leans toward the historicoliterary, rather than the more strictly literary, spectrum. In Japan such texts are commonly known by the terms gunki monogatari, tales of war, or rekishi monogatari, tales of history. Her numerous publications include a translation of Gikeiki, a text depicting the life of the tragic warrior Minamoto Yoshitsune (1159-89) and more recently, in conjunction with William McCullough, a rendering of Eiga monogatari, a narrative history of tenthand eleventh-century Japan. By 1968 McCullough had turned her considerable energies from chronicles written in prose to a mid-tenth-century text of poetry plus prose, Ise monogatari, an uta monogatari, tales of poems. An exceedingly difficult text to classify in terms of its literary nature and its status in Heian letters, Ise afforded McCullough the opportunity to tackle the thirty-one-syllable tanka and its development in Heian society. Of the 209 poems (according to some versions) that constitute the Ise text, 62 appear in Kokinshz7 (or, as it is known by its full title, Kokin wakashui, Collection of Japanese poems old and modern). Now, seventeen years later, McCullough has again focused her attention on the Heian waka. She has produced not only a complete translation of Kokinshfi (ca. 905), the second to appear in two years (see Rodd and Henkenius 1984), but also her own version of Tosa nikki (ca. 935), Ki no Tsurayuki's diary written in the persona of a woman, as well as the first English translation of Shinsen waka (ca. 940), a collection of 360 waka-282 of which are taken from Kokinshz7-personally chosen by Tsurayuki in accordance with an imperial command.