Synthesis Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Research Articles

Evaluating the Photocatalytic Activity of Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Water pollution from dyes is a major environmental challenge, demanding advanced materials for efficient degradation. In this study, we synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) using an aqueous extract of Senegalia catechu leaves and evaluated their photocatalytic activity in methylene blue (MB) dye degradation under sunlight irradiation. The IONPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). XRD pattern showed a highly crystalline structure with an average crystallite size of 34.7 nm, while SEM images revealed predominantly spherical particles with uneven surface texture. Photocatalytic efficiency exceeded 80% MB dye degradation after 120 min of sunlight exposure. Optimization of catalyst dose, pH, dye concentration, and other parameters is essential for maximizing degradation efficiency. The IONPs demonstrated reusability over four degradation cycles, retaining effective photocatalytic performance. This study underscores the potential of green-synthesized IONPs as eco-friendly photocatalysts for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Bambusa vulgaris Extract for Enhancing Seed Germination and Physiological Parameters in Oryza sativa

Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Bambusa vulgaris Extract for Enhancing Seed Germination and Physiological Parameters in Oryza sativa

Controlled Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles via QBD for Biomedical Applications

Introduction: Iron oxide nanoparticles have gained significant attention in pharmaceutical applications because of their unique properties. The hydrothermal method is employed for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles [IONPs], which offers advantages such as uniform composition and size distribution. Method: However, the size and properties of IONPs can be influenced by various factors. In this study, we utilized quality by design [QBD] via response surface methodology to investigate the impact of temperature, time, and pH on the size of hydrothermally prepared IONPs. The optimized synthesis conditions were determined, and the resulting nanoparticles were characterized using techniques such as dynamic light scattering [DLS], scanning electron microscopy [SEM], transmission electron microscopy [TEM], vibrating sample magnetometry [VSM], X-ray diffraction [XRD], and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy [FTIR]. Results: The findings contribute to a better understanding of the controlled synthesis of IONPs and their potential applications in nanomedicine. The XRD characterization revealed that the product was Fe3O4. The FTIR results indicate that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with PEG- 400. The SEM and HRTEM images of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed that they were spherical and had a well-distributed size with an optimized hydrodynamic size of 65 nm. Conclusion: The magnetic properties of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles indicated that they exhibited ferromagnetic properties. These prepared nanoparticles are suitable for biomedical purposes, like serving as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging in different cancers and delivering drugs.

Development of quercetin loaded biosynthesized chitosan grafted iron oxide nanoformulation and their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-cancer properties

In this study, we report the development and characterization of a novel nanoformulation composed of quercetin-loaded biosynthesized chitosan-grafted iron oxide nanoparticles (CH-Fe3O4 NCs). The synthesis of chitosan-grafted iron oxide nanoparticles was achieved through a green synthesis approach, utilizing chitosan derived from crustacean shells and biosynthesized iron oxide nanoparticles. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid with known antibacterial, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties, was loaded onto the nanoparticles through physical adsorption. The optical property, crystal structure, morphology, chemical composition and surface charge were thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques including UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and zeta potential analyzer. The antibacterial activity of the nanoformulation was evaluated against a panel of bacterial strains using standard microbiological assays, revealing promising inhibitory effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity of CH-Fe3O4 NCs was evaluated against E. coli and S. aureus bacterial species. CH-Fe3O4 NCs have a greater ability to inhibit the E.coli than S. aureus. Furthermore, the CH-Fe3O4 NCs demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity and caused apoptotic cell death in the H522 cell line. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of the nanoformulation were evaluated through scavenging assays, highlighting its ability to effectively neutralize free radicals. Overall, our results suggest that the quercetin-loaded biosynthesized chitosan-grafted iron oxide nanoformulation exhibits potent antibacterial, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties, making it a promising candidate for further development as a multifunctional therapeutic agent.

Ocimum gratissimum mediated green synthesised iron oxide nanoparticles as a plausible nanofertilizer for peanut plant (Arachis hypogaea)

Exploring the potential of iron/iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) to act as fertilizer is an area of immense interest. This paper reports the green synthesis of IONPs using aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves and its characterization with XRD, HRTEM and FTIR. This environmentally benign route avoids hazardous and toxic chemicals commonly employed in nanoparticle synthesis. The IONPs formed (Fe2O3) are stabilized by the phenolic and aromatic compounds found in the aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum and are of small crystallite size (5–30 nm). Peanut seedlings treated with these IONPs exhibited a superior growth performance at lower application rates (100 mg L−1), as evidenced by better growth parameters, which also corroborated with gibberellic acid accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. The differential activity of green synthesized IONPs, highlighted in this study, compared to already reported chemically synthesized IONPs, reveals their functional superiority.

Green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles as a potential regulator of callus growth, plant physiology, antioxidative and microbial contamination in Oryza sativa L.

In tissue culture, efficient nutrient availability and effective control of callus contamination are crucial for successful plantlet regeneration. This study was aimed to enhance callogenesis, callus regeneration, control callus contamination, and substitute iron (Fe) source with FeO-NPs in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. Nanogreen iron oxide (FeO-NPs) were synthesized and well characterized with sizes ranging from 2 to 7.5 nm. FeO-NPs as a supplement in MS media at 15 ppm, significantly controlled callus contamination by (80%). Results indicated that FeCl3-based FeO-NPs induced fast callus induction (72%) and regeneration (43%), in contrast FeSO4-based FeO-NPs resulted in increased callus weight (516%), diameter (300%), number of shoots (200%), and roots (114%). Modified media with FeO-NPs as the Fe source induced fast callogenesis and regeneration compared to normal MS media. FeO-NPs, when applied foliar spray, increased Plant fresh biomass by 133% and spike weight by 350%. Plant height increased by 54% and 33%, the number of spikes by 50% and 265%, and Chlorophyll content by 51% and 34% in IRRI-6 and Kissan Basmati, respectively. Additionally, APX (Ascorbate peroxidase), SOD (Superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase), and CAT (catalase) increased in IRRI-6 by 27%, 29%, 283%, 62%, while in Kissan Basmati, APX increased by 70%, SOD decreased by 28%, and POD and CAT increased by 89% and 98%, respectively. Finally, FeO-NPs effectively substituted Fe source in MS media, shorten the plant life cycle, and increase chlorophyll content as well as APX, SOD, POD, and CAT activities. This protocol is applicable for tissue culture in other cereal crops as well.

Iron oxide nanoparticles as potential agents for combined radiotherapy

Background. Iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) represent a promising theranostic platform for combined radiotherapy: the reactivity of iron oxide enhances oxidative stress of tumor cells associated with irradiation while magnetic properties may provide additional feature as controlled delivery.Aim. To study the potency of heparinized iron oxide NP in experimental antitumor therapy.Materials and methods. The synthesis of iron oxide NP was carried out by chemical precipitation followed by magnetic separation, the resulting sol was stabilized with heparin. For each batch of newly synthesized particles, the hydrodynamic diameter was determined, IR spectrometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy were performed. The MX-7 tumor model of rhabdomyosarcoma chosen for the study was transplanted into female C3HA mice; NP were administered intratumorally or intravenously, once a day, according to the “5–2–5” scheme. Fractional irradiation (1–2 Gy / fraction; 1.3±0.15 Gy / min) was carried out after NP administration.Increasing life expectancy (ILE), the degree of tumor growth inhibition (TGI), a pathomorphological assessment of the lung, liver, spleen and tumor node was carried out for all experimental mice.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that when administered intratumorally, heparinized iron oxide NP are retained inside the tumor, providing a moderate additive effect, compared with isolated radiotherapy in the first week of irradiation (TGI = 40 % (day 6), TFD = 10 Gy, p <0.05), however, with an increase in tumor volume by the end of the second week, the treatment regimen was not more effective than radiotherapy. with a combination of radiotherapy and intravenous administration of NP, the effect was observed within two weeks (TGI = 43 % (day 6), TGI = 29 % (day 14), TFD = 10 Gy; p <0.05; ILE = 54 %, TFD = 20Gy; p <0.05).Conclusion. The studied iron oxide nanopreparation enhanced capacity of radiation therapy to inhibit tumor growth when administered intravenouslyin experimental mice with rhabdomyosarcoma and irradiated subsequently.

Optimization of Magnetite Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia: Correlation with Physicochemical Properties and Cation Distribution

AbstractThe present study reveals the synthesis of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) by varying the molar ratio of ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) ions via chemical coprecipitation method for the study of cationic distribution of Fe‐ions and its potential application for magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT). X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were used to characterize the physicochemical properties. Several structural parameters were estimated using the Rietveld refinement, resulting in structural modelling verified by magnetic characteristics. A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) assessed the magnetic hysteresis loop at room temperature in a field range of ±15 kOe, revealing superparamagnetic behavior for the ratio Fe2+/Fe3+ 1:2. The saturation magnetization (Ms) of IONPs increased with the increasing Fe2+ concentration and attained a maximum value of 60.21 emu g−1 at a molar ratio of 2:1. The potential of the inductive heating capability of IONPs in an alternating current magnetic field (AMF) was studied to treat localized MHT. The changes in magnetic properties and inductive heating properties of IONPs are associated with the cationic distribution of Fe2+ at the tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites of crystal structure. The variation in cationic properties at the A and B sites may result in varying/tuneable magnetic properties, affecting the overall heating profiles of hyperthermia.

Synthesis, characterization, and ameliorative effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on saline-stressed Zea mays

High soil salinity induces osmotic and ionic stress that threaten crop production worldwide and affect food security. This study evaluated the ameliorative effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on salinized Zea mays. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of Diodella sarmentosa, and the results of the characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–visible spectrophotometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the presence of polydisperse spherical iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) with a light absorption peak at 290 nm, and a size ranging from 3.03 nm to 87.04 nm. Daily foliar application of FeONPs on the salinized Zea mays for 10 days, significantly (p < 0.05) improved the plant’s photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyl (175.71 %), chlorophyll a (256.34 %), chlorophyll b (77.01 %), carotenoid (39.36 %), root length (9.87 %), and antioxidant enzyme activities, compared to the untreated and bulk FeCl3·6H2O-treated controls. Since iron is known to promote photosynthetic pigment synthesis, the enhanced photosynthetic indices observed in the FeONPs-treated pot compared to the bulk FeCl3·6H2O-treated pot, may have resulted from the size-aided absorption of the FeONPs more than FeCl3·6H2O From the findings, it can be deduced that FeONPs can improve the growth and development of saline-stressed Zea mays by enhancing the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, while improving the photosynthetic pigments of the plant.

Influence of flame stability on iron oxide nanoparticle growth during FSP

Flame stability during flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) remains an active topic of investigation due to its impact on synthesised particle attributes and purity. The unique feature of the burner investigated here is the ability to control flame stability over newly defined stability maps. The novelty of the current work lies in understanding the influence of these broad stability modes on nanoparticle growth during FSP and on the attributes of collected products. Several distinct flame configurations are selected for iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis, ranging from stable to highly unstable flames. The flame stability regimes are characterised by OH∗ chemiluminescence and broadband flame luminescence imaging. Stability is correlated with the coefficient of variation of flame luminescence (CV) and flame height with mean OH∗ chemiluminescence. Planar Mie scattering is then used to identify the effect of flame luminescence intermittency on spray atomisation and evaporation quality. For particle analysis, in-situ thermophoretic sampling is performed from 30 to 200 mm above the burner exit plane and analysed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further ex-situ analysis is also performed on the bulk-collected product via high-resolution TEM, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). It is demonstrated that flames with higher instability (CVmin ≥ 0.35) maintain increased spray heights (>26 %) and reduced flame heights (>79 %) compared to stable flames with the same precursor volume flowrate. This reduces the high-temperature particle residence time for primary particle growth and impacts subsequent agglomeration. For example, the mean diameter of gyration and primary particle diameter are found to vary by 44 % and 29 % depending on the flame regime, respectively. Ex-situ analysis also demonstrates that the dominant iron oxide phase produced is maghemite regardless of the stability regime. However, higher concentrations of organic impurities including methyl, methylene and carboxylate functional groups are found via ATR-FTIR with increased flame instability (CV).

Pristine and Nature‐Inspired Hematite (α‐Fe2O3) Nanoparticles and Search for their Photocatalytic Application

AbstractThe article describes synthesis of green‐mediated hematite nanoparticles (20–30 nm) using Polianthes tuberosa flower extract. Structural, microscopic, and magnetic studies confirm the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles of pure hematite phase. Spectroscopic techniques are employed to identify different electronic transitions and defect levels as well as to estimate the energy bandgap and Urbach energy. A correlation among the particle size, bandgap energy, and Urbach energy is noticed. These hematite nanoparticles act as visible light photocatalyst which degrade dye in aqueous medium without the addition of any additives. The catalyst particle size, catalyst quantity, pH of dye solution, and solution temperature have significant impact on the photodegradation process of dye molecules in aq. solution. All observations advocate that green synthesis of hematite nanoparticles with Polianthes tuberosa flower extract can significantly modulate their optical and photocatalytic properties. These materials may find potential uses in water splitting for hydrogen production and purification of water by removing organic pollutants. The study highlights that using commercially cheap starting materials and extract made from naturally available plant parts, materials having huge application potentials can be synthesized at low cost by the simple green synthesis approach.

Electron Beam-Assisted Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Reaction Kinetics and Structural–Magnetic Properties

Electron Beam-Assisted Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Reaction Kinetics and Structural–Magnetic Properties

Environmentally Benign Green Approach for the Aynthesis of IONPs Using &lt;i&gt;Vicia Faba&lt;/i&gt; Fruit Extract and Their Antioxidant Activities

Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized from plant materials have garnered considerable attention due to their environmentally friendly nature and wide-ranging applications in various fields. These NPs possess unique attributes, including biocompatibility, low toxicity, catalytic capabilities, and intricate reaction mechanisms, making them highly desirable for diverse biomedical uses. This study presents an innovative green synthesis approach for utilizing the fruit extract of Vicia faba (V. faba). The synthesized NPs underwent comprehensive characterization using advanced techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Notably, the V. faba fruit extract served as an effective reducing agent, facilitating the synthesis of Iron oxide nanoparticle (IONP) with well-defined structural and chemical properties. The size of Iron oxide nanoparticles falls between the range of 299.3-527.4 nm. Furthermore, the synthesized Iron oxide nanoparticles were evaluated for their antioxidant activity, revealing promising results against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl DPPH and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ABTS radicals. These findings highlight the significance of V. faba fruit extract in producing IONPs endowed with valuable bioactive properties, offering considerable potential for applications in biomedicine and beyond.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Process Parameters in the Green Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Moringa olifera extract.

This study investigates the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Moringa olifera ethanolic extract and evaluates the impact of various process parameters on their physicochemical characteristics. The parameters examined include synthesis time, temperature, pH, stirring speed (RPM), and the ratio of extract to iron precursors. The findings reveal that a lower proportion of the extract increases the entrapment efficiency of the nanoparticles. Specifically, batch ME3 (3:1 ratio) produced the smallest nanoparticles at 117.8 nm, with a drug release of 75.54% and the highest entrapment efficiency at 60.28%. Extending the synthesis time to three hours in batch TM3 resulted in a drug release of 74.23% and a particle size of 116.3 nm. Batch TEM1, synthesized at 70°C, showed the highest entrapment efficiency and a favorable drug release profile of 71.09%, with the smallest particle size of 105.24 nm, suggesting that higher synthesis temperatures favor smaller particle sizes. Adjusting the pH to 10 in batch PM3 achieved a drug release efficiency of 76.02%. Batch RM5, synthesized with a stirring speed of 750 RPM, demonstrated a particle size of 95.7 nm and a drug release of 78.26%, indicating that higher stirring rates produce smaller nanoparticles and enhance drug release. These results highlight the significance of optimizing synthesis conditions to produce nanoparticles with desired properties. The use of M. olifera extract as a sustainable reducing and stabilizing agent presents an environmentally friendly approach to nanotechnology. This method has potential applications in drug delivery systems and various other industries, emphasizing the importance of green synthesis in creating sustainable and efficient nanomaterials.

Synthesis and evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticles from banana peel (Musa spp.) extract for the delivery of ciprofloxacin against resistant Escherichia coli

Background and objectiveResistance to antimicrobials is one of our most significant worldwide challenges. In Africa, around 31 % of the infections of urinary tract (UTIs) initiated by Escherichia coli (E. coli) have been observed to develop ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistance. As a result, significant efforts have been made to investigate novel and improved antibiotics. This study aimed at synthesizing iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) using banana peels (Musa Spp.) extract for delivery of CIP against resistant E. coli. MethodsA green synthesis method was used for the synthesis of IONPs using FeCl3.6H2O as a precursor and banana peel extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The physicochemical characteristics of the formed nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using different methods. ResultsThe formation of hematite (α-Fe2O3) was confirmed with its FTIR characteristic peak at 461 cm−1, 542 cm−1, and 1131 cm−1. The size of synthesized IONPs was found to be 10.4 nm ± 1.98, 48 nm ± 0.9, and 67.3 nm ± 0.9 under XRD, SEM, and DLS measurements respectively. CIP-IONPs had almost the maximum drug loading capacity (33.3 % ± 0.67) with fast and slow drug release patterns at gastric and intestinal or blood pH respectively, and it had a promising resistant reversal with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) 22 mm ± 0.15 against resistance E. coli. ConclusionThe green synthesis of IONP using banana peel extract represents a novel and eco-friendly approach for the delivery of ciprofloxacin, with potential applications in addressing antimicrobial resistance.

Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Using Spinacia oleracea and Their Role in Antioxidant Defence

The green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3) using Spinacia oleracea leaf extract is explored in this study. Iron oxide nanoparticles are noted for their unique properties, such as enhanced chemical reactivity due to their high specific surface area to volume ratios. Unlike traditional physical and chemical methods, green synthesis presents an environmental friendly alternative, leveraging biological processes for nanoparticle production. This method is particularly significant due to its potential applications in various fields, including medicine, where iron nanoparticles demonstrate antibacterial activity. However, limited research exists on their antioxidant properties. In this research, Spinacia oleracea leaf extract is utilized to synthesize iron oxide nanoparticles, followed by characterization using UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and SEM techniques. The results underscore the necessity for further investigation into the impact of nanoparticles on biological processes and the long-term effects of high nanoparticle concentrations on ecological stability. Additionally, this study includes an evaluation of antioxidant properties of the nanoparticles to address gaps in current research. Key Words Green synthesis, iron oxide, ecological stability, antioxidant, biological, nanoparticles.

Polyethylene glycol-assisted hydro-solvothermal growth of anisotropic magnetic iron oxides: The role of mixed environment conditions

In this study, an alternative mixed hydro-solvothermal route has been investigated for the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with anisotropic shape. The synthesis was performed at mild conditions (150 °C) in a water/2-propanol environment, using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG400) as structure directing agent, sodium thiosulfate as reducing agent, and NaOH as precipitating agent. The resulting systems were characterized by combining morphological, structural, and magnetic techniques. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that magnetite/maghemite nanorods are preferentially obtained in water/PEG400 environment, whereas 2-propanol/PEG400 environment promotes the growth of magnetite/maghemite polyhedral systems. Interestingly, synthesis performed in a mixed hydro-solvothermal (i.e., water/2-propanol) environment favors the preferential growth of hematite phase.

Synthesis and Redox Properties of Iron and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained by Exsolution from Perovskite Ferrites Promoted by Auxiliary Reactions

Synthesis and Redox Properties of Iron and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained by Exsolution from Perovskite Ferrites Promoted by Auxiliary Reactions

Plant‐assisted synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles for catalytic degradation of methyl orange dye and electrochemical sensing of nitrite

AbstractThe present study details a more environmentally friendly method for synthesizing iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4‐NPs) utilizing Hibiscus sabdariffa (H. sabdariffa) leaf extract. The produced H. sabdariffa/Fe3O4‐NPs underwent characterization through VSM, XRD, FESEM‐EDX, TEM and FTIR analyses. The FESEM and TEM images revealed that the H. sabdariffa/Fe3O4‐NPs had a narrow distribution and an average particle size of 5±2 nm. Catalytic degradation studies of the synthesized Fe3O4‐NPs exhibited efficient reduction of methyl orange (MO) dye. The degradation of MO catalysed by H. sabdariffa/Fe3O4‐NPs follow the pseudo‐first order kinetics, with a rate constant of 0.0328 s−1 (R2=0.9866). Moreover, in electrochemical sensing studies, the anodic peak current of nitrite (NO2−) for H. sabdariffa/Fe3O4‐NPs/GCE showed a linear relationship with its concentration within the range of 0.5–7.5 mM, achieving a detection limit of 0.29 μM. These findings demonstrate that the modified electrode with Fe3O4‐NPs synthesized using H. sabdariffa leaf extract serve as a novel electrochemical sensor for determining NO2− with high sensitivity and reproducibility.

Green synthesis of magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica leaf extract loaded on reduced graphene oxide and degradation of methylene blue

In the current arena, new-generation functional nanomaterials are the key players for smart solutions and applications including environmental decontamination of pollutants. Among the plethora of new-generation nanomaterials, graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the driving seat surpassing their counterparts due to their unique physicochemical characteristics and superior surface chemistry. The purpose of the present research was to synthesize and characterize magnetite iron oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (FeNPs/rGO) via a green approach and test its application in the degradation of methylene blue. The modified Hummer's protocol was adopted to synthesize graphene oxide (GO) through a chemical exfoliation approach using a graphitic route. Leaf extract of Azadirachta indica was used as a green reducing agent to reduce GO into reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Then, using the green deposition approach and Azadirachta indica leaf extract, a nanocomposite comprising magnetite iron oxides and reduced graphene oxide i.e., FeNPs/rGO was synthesized. During the synthesis of functionalized FeNPs/rGO, Azadirachta indica leaf extract acted as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent. The final synthesized materials were characterized and analyzed using an array of techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis, and UV–visible spectrophotometry. The UV–visible spectrum was used to evaluate the optical characteristics and band gap. Using the FT-IR spectrum, functional groupings were identified in the synthesized graphene-based nanomaterials and nanocomposites. The morphology and elemental analysis of nanomaterials and nanocomposites synthesized via the green deposition process were investigated using SEM–EDX. The GO, rGO, FeNPs, and FeNPs/rGO showed maximum absorption at 232, 265, 395, and 405 nm, respectively. FTIR spectrum showed different functional groups (OH, COOH, C=O), C–O–C) modifying material surfaces. Based on Debye Sherrer's equation, the mean calculated particle size of all synthesized materials was < 100 nm (GO = 60–80, rGO = 90–95, FeNPs = 70–90, Fe/GO = 40–60, and Fe/rGO = 80–85 nm). Graphene-based nanomaterials displayed rough surfaces with clustered and spherical shapes and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of both iron and oxygen in all the nanocomposites. The final nanocomposites produced via the synthetic process degraded approximately 74% of methylene blue. Based on the results, it is plausible to conclude that synthesized FeNPs/rGO nanocomposites can also be used as a potential photocatalyst degrader for other different dye pollutants due to their lower band gap.