Prevalence Of Iron Deficiency Anemia Research Articles

Optimizing Stunting Prevention through Anemia Education in Female Adolescent

The decrease in hemoglobin levels which is commonly known as anemia is still a very serious problem, especially in developing countries. In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that more than 40% or 2 billion people in the world have anemia status. As a developing country, the incidence of anemia in Indonesia is quite high. In female adolescents, the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was found to be 22.8%. One of the factors causing anemia is knowledge. Handling anemia problems in adolescents can be done by providing education about anemia properly to increase their knowledge. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about anemia in female adolescents in Ngadiwinatan. The method used in this study was counseling through lectures and discussions. The partners involved included twenty-one female adolescents at junior high, high school, and university levels in the Ngadiwinatan area. The material provided related to trends in the incidence of anemia in female adolescents, causes, risk factors, effects of anemia, and prevention of anemia in female adolescents. The results of this service activity contributed to the knowledge of female adolescents with an increase in knowledge of 65%. The level of knowledge about anemia is expected to improve the attitudes and behavior of female adolescents about anemia. They are expected to be able to adopt a balanced nutritional diet in their daily food consumption to increase their hemoglobin level

Quantification of Leghemoglobin Extracted from Roots of Five Different Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Cultivars: An Experimental Study

Background: Leghemoglobin is an oxygen transporter and a hemoprotein found in nodule roots of nitrogen fixator plants from Leguminosae family. Leghemoglobin is produced in response to presence of bacteria belonging to Rhizobia family. Structurally, leghemoglobin is similar to hemoglobin and has a kind of heme iron structure. Study of leghemoglobin as a heme iron containing agent can open up a new way for treatment and natural prevention of iron deficiency anemia and substitution with mineral iron salts.
 Methods: Five different cultivars of alfalfa plants including Esfahani, Bammi, Yazdy, Nik shahri, and Hamedani were cultivated in gardening farm of the faculty of agriculture in Shahid Chamran University in a linear form. Cultivation was done with biological fertilizer containing Sinorhizobium meliloti for test groups and without fertilizer for sham groups. After 60 days, the samples were harvested, and the amount of leghemoglobin produced in nodules was quantified using LaRue and Child fluorometric method.
 Results: The results from five cultivars of alfalfa planted with biological fertilizer showed a significant increase in viscosity of leghemoglobin in nodules of the test group in comparison with sham group (P<0.0001). Moreover, the high viscosity of leghemoglobin in nodules of Bammi cultivar indicated the capacity of this plant to produce leghemoglobin in Ahvaz.
 Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, Bammi cultivar of alfalfa is a good option for future studies and even production of high amounts of leghemoglobin in Khuzestan Province.

Post-partum iron deficiency anemia: Prevalence and impact of moringa oleifera leaves powder on hemoglobin levels in postpartum period

Iron deficiency anemia is a cause of concern for pregnant and lactating mother globally. As per NFHS 5 Data, 52.2% pregnant women (Both Urban and Rural) are anemic in India. Iron Deficiency Anemia is associated with maternal and neonates’ mortality, restricted cognition development, low birth weight babies, Premature babies and majorly stunting which affects the nutritional status throughout the vicious cycle. Postpartum anemia is associated with an impaired quality of life, reduced cognitive abilities, emotional instability, and depression and constitutes a significant health problem in women of reproductive age. Multipronged strategies are required to curtail maternal anemia. Food based approach to prevent anemia is the most sustainable strategy. To investigate the impact of moringa oleifera leaves powder capsules on haemoglobin levels of postpartum mothers. The study was conducted in one of the govt. hospitals of Vadodara District of Gujarat, India and was a part of larger study carried on M Oleifera effects on prolactin levels. An interventional study was carried out amongst 106 postpartum mothers. Fifty-six mothers constituted the interventional group of which 45 mothers did complete compliance and 50 mothers constituted the control group of which 37 mothers did complete compliance of capsules for 30 days. Hemoglobin levels were analysed on day 0 (Baseline) and on day 7 (Endline) post-partum. Data was analysed using independent t test and appropriate statistical analysis.Findings revealed the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia to be 59%in postpartum mothers post-delivery. Mean baseline hemoglobin values for experimental and control group was 10.9 ± 1.4 g/dl and 10.3 ± 1.5 g/dl respectively on day 0 post-partum. The mean end line hemoglobin values for experimental and control group were 12.3 ± 1.5 g/dl and 11.6 ± 1.6 g/dl respectively on day 7 post-partum. The mean rise in haemoglobin levels of experimental group was 1.4g/dl and that of control group was 0.8g/dl which was significant (p=0.00001).Postpartum anemia is a cause of concern.There was a significant impact of Moringa Oleifera Leaves on hemoglobin levels of enrolled lactating mothers. Thus, it can be suggested that Moringa oleifera can be supplemented to lactating mothers’ post-partum to aid curtailing iron deficiency anemia. Improved haemoglobin levels in post-partum mothers may facilitate Exclusive Breastfeeding practices.

Impact of iron supplementation on patient outcomes for women with abnormal uterine bleeding: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundAbnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), which includes heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), is a common condition placing women at increased risk for developing iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Depletion of iron stores has negative implications on physical, social, and emotional health, as well as quality of life. Iron supplements are safe, effective, and readily available, while red blood cell (RBC) transfusions have inherent risks including infectious and immune reactions. Despite high prevalence of IDA among women with AUB, there are limited studies on the impact of iron therapies on patient outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the impact of iron supplementation on patient outcomes for women with AUB, when compared to combination therapy, no intervention, placebo, or standard of care.MethodsWe will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies evaluating the impact of iron interventions on patient outcomes for women with AUB. Systematic literature searches will be conducted in major databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Studies assessing the impact of iron interventions on patient outcomes in women experiencing AUB, in comparison to combination therapy, no intervention, placebo, or standard of care, will be included in the review. Independent reviewers will screen for eligibility, assess risk of bias, and abstract data. Overall certainty of evidence for each outcome will be assessed using the GRADE approach. We will meta-analyze outcomes which are sufficiently homogeneous to summarize intervention effects and narratively synthesize nonhomogeneous outcomes. The main outcomes of interest are hemoglobin levels immediately prior to surgery and post-operatively, number of RBC transfusions, and adverse effects. Secondary outcomes will include length of hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, adverse and side effects, quality of life, and iron indices.DiscussionThis review will evaluate the impact of iron interventions on patient outcomes in women with IDA secondary to AUB with focus on changes in hematological and iron indices, red blood cell utilization, quality of life, cost of treatment, and adverse events. The results will inform evidence-based clinical practice for the management of iron deficiency and IDA secondary to AUB.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42019137282.

FREQUENCY OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PERSISTENT DIARRHOEA, LOW WEIGHT AND PARASITIC INFESTATION IN CHILDREN VISITING TEHSIL HEADQUARTER HOSPITAL DASKA.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common health problem in Pakistan among younger children. Persistent diarrhea, one of the major causes of malnutrition in children especially under two years of age contributed to IDA resulting in increased mortality and morbidity in developing countries. The incidence and mortality is especially high during infancy in the absences of breast feeding. Number of factors effect prevalence of IDA in this age group, important ones, are low socio-economic status, low weight, worm infestation and persistent diarrhea.

Iron Profile in Adolescent Scavengers Living in Slum Areas

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the major health issues in the world, especially in developing countries. During adolescence, iron deficiency can be caused by a growth spurt, inadequate nutritional intake, parasite infection, and heavy blood loss during menstruation. Regarding the importance of this issue, we aimed to assess the iron profile in adolescent scavengers living in slum areas.
 Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in October 2016 at an alternative school for adolescents working as scavengers in Bekasi, Indonesia. Data on menstrual status, weight and height measurements, and blood samples were collected to define iron status (iron depletion, iron deficiency, and IDA).
 Results: In this study, 96 adolescents aged 10–18 years were recruited. The prevalence of anemia was 13.6%, and half was caused by iron deficiency. The iron profiles of subjects were iron depletion (2.1%), iron deficiency (18.8%), and IDA (7.3%). Hemoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin saturation were significantly lower in females (P<0.01, P=0.01, P<0.01 respectively).
 Conclusion: Anemia, iron depletion, iron deficiency, and IDA are more prevalent among adolescent girls. Special attention is needed to improve the iron status of girls, especially by giving iron supplementation for IDA prevention. Moreover, achieving the optimal iron reserve is imperative to enter a safe and healthy pregnancy by reducing delivery complications due to inadequate iron storage of both mother and fetus.

The use of iron-containing drugs for the prevention of alimentary anemia in sows and their offspring

As a result of a scientific and economic experiment conducted in the conditions of the industrial pig complex of Bryansk Meat Processing Plant LLC in Vygonichi district, the effectiveness of the use of iron–containing preparations Ferrolong and Ferzaks-forte for the prevention of alimentary anemia of pregnant sows and piglets was studied. The object of the study was pregnant sows of a large white breed with an average live weight of 150-160 kg at the age of two years, and piglets obtained from them. At the first stage of the research, two groups of sows were formed, 3 heads each. 15 days before farrowing, the sows of the experimental group received the drug Ferrolong (iron content III 200 mg/ml, vitamin B12 - 0.1 mg/ml) at a dose of 4 ml intramuscularly. Sows of the control group did not receive injections of iron-containing preparations.The effect of the drugs on the growth and safety of piglets, on biochemical (iron, total iron binding capacity of serum (OHSS), % saturation of transferrin) and hematological parameters was analyzed. Based on the conducted step-by-step studies, it was found that the introduction of Ferrolong 15 days before farrowing stimulates hematopoiesis in sows, but does not significantly affect the red blood indicators of suckling piglets. Intramuscular administration of Ferrolong to piglets at a dose of 1 ml in the first three days of life is accompanied by a pronounced antianemic effect, and is characterized by a high content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes and a saturation coefficient of serum transferrin. This scheme is recommended for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in the household. Ferzaks-forte, due to its vitamins, has a broader effect on metabolic processes, but laboratory indicators indicate that a single intramuscular injection of this drug is not enough to prevent anemia.

Anemia Ferropénica: Un Desafío de Salud Global

Iron deficiency anemia, a global disorder, is characterized by reduced hemoglobin levels due to iron deficiency. This review focuses on research exploring the incidence, origins, and impact of this condition. A systematic literature review was conducted using medical databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. Methodology: Inclusion criteria were applied to select relevant studies addressing epidemiological aspects, risk factors, diagnostic methods and treatment options related to iron deficiency anemia. Results: The analyses evidenced a considerable prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in various demographic groups, emphasizing the relevance of diet, blood loss, and nutrient absorption disorders as predominant factors. Common symptoms included fatigue and pallor. Diagnostic accuracy, based on specific tests, is crucial for early detection and prevention of complications. Conclusion: Despite being a preventable and treatable condition, iron deficiency anemia underscores the urgency of comprehensive strategies. This involves the promotion of public awareness, supplementation programs, and improved access to medical care to ensure timely diagnosis and effective treatment.

Iron deficiency and ferroptosis in gynecology. Possible corrections: A review of the literature

The review presents the main aspects of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in women of reproductive age and highlights current diagnostic methods, therapy, and prevention of IDA. Moreover, the paper presents contemporary views on the molecular mechanisms of iron metabolism and iron homeostasis disruption involved in endometriosis. The role of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of latent and symptomatic iron deficiency of extreme importance was also described. In addition to IDA, anemia also occurs in patients with chronic gynecological diseases with a different pathogenesis. Its mechanisms were reported in the study discussed in the review. The results of the study on ferroptosis in patients with endometriosis were demonstrated, which showed significantly levels of iron, ferritin, lipid hydroperoxide, and low-density lipoprotein were higher in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis than in healthy women. The paper provided current information on the treatment of IDA in gynecology, possible symptomatic hypophosphatemia after intravenous therapy with iron-containing drugs, and methods to treat this complication. Current data on ferroptosis, its effect on the body, and ways of inducing, and inhibiting this process were presented.

Prevalence of Anemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia and its Socio-Demographic Factors among Pregnant Women in Garmian Province, Kurdistan region of Iraq

Anemia is the most common hematologic abnormality in pregnancy. Maternal anemia is associated with adverse fetal, neonatal, and childhood outcomes. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA), the severity of the condition, and study the effect of some socio-demographic factors on pregnant women in Garmian province. The study was conducted among 157 pregnant women in Garmian province between 17 and 49 years old. Participants completed a questionnaire that included sociodemographic characteristics, disease, and gestational age. A hematological evaluation, including a complete blood count (CBC) and serum for ferritin testing. Results of this study have shown that the prevalence of anemia and IDA were 34.4% and 15.3%, respectively. Almost three-quarters of the pregnant women had mild anemia, while 31 % of the subjects had moderate anemia, and about 60% of the participants were diagnosed with normocytic anemia. The second trimester had the highest prevalence, with 51.9% for the anemic and 45.8% for IDA subjects, while the first trimester showed the lowest prevalence, with 14.8 % for anemic and 12.5% for IDA subjects. Age, occupation, gravidity with anemia, and iron deficiency anemia did not make a significant difference. Moreover, there was no significant difference in blood indices between anemic and IDA participants. The serum ferritin level was unaffected by the pregnancy trimesters.

Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Ischaemic Stroke

Background: Iron Deficiency Anaemia has been proposed as a risk factor for developing ischemic stroke. In long-term follow-up studies, and it is also known to increase the risk of death. Very little is known about the prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) in Bangladeshi stroke patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of IDA among admitted patients of acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 75 patients with acute ischemic stroke were selected purposively from the Neurology & Medicine Department of Comilla medical college hospital from February 2021 to May 2021. Traditional risk factors for stroke, stroke type and severity at admission were recorded for each patient. Anaemia is defined as haemoglobin <12gm/dl in women & <13gm/dl in men. IDA was defined as serum ferritin level <20 μgm/L in males and <40 μgm/L in females. Results: Mean age was 65.8 (±11.4) years. Sixty percent of patients were male. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor present in 73.3% of the cases, followed by diabetes mellitus (49.3%), smoking (28.0%), ischaemic heart disease (25.3%), and dyslipidemia (21.3%). Small vessel strokes were the most common, accounting for 48% of all the patients, followed by large vessels getting affected in 38.7% of the cases. Prevalence IDA was 24%. (95% confidence interval: 14.9%-35.3%). However, the proportion of IDA among patients with severe stroke was 84.6% compared to 11.3% in non-severe strokes (p=0.001). Conclusion: Prevalence of IDA in acute ischemic stroke is significant and it is associated with severe stroke in our hospital. Central Medical College Journal Vol 6 No 1 January 2022 Page: 7-13

Frequency of Iron Deficiency Anemia Among Children a Multi-Center Study

Background: Anaemia, marked by abnormally low levels of haemoglobin and often caused by an absence of iron, remains a severe public health problem in Pakistan. Studies have yet to be done on the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in children, making it essential to research the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region to understand better how widespread this ailment is amongst the region's pediatric populations. Objective: Determine the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in anaemic newborns between 6 and 66 months. Materials and Methods: This multi-center study was conducted between February 2022 and February 2023 at the Hayatabad Medical Complex pediatric department in Peshawar. The 180 enrolled children's basic demographic information, including age, gender, and weight, were collected. Operational guidelines for automated analysis of iron deficiency anaemia collected venous whole blood samples.

A longitudinal study on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in the multiethnic communities of Jhargram, West Bengal

Anemia is a significant public health concern in India, with an esti-mated prevalence of 38% to 82% in non-pregnant females and 18% to 59% in males. Destitution, poor nutrition, illiteracy, unhealthy practices, obliviousness, and inadequate health service is the significant reasons for the higher rate of IDA in the tribals of India. The objective of the present study was to estimate the disease burden in Binpur-I and II, Jhargram blocks in West Bengal, India. The research was planned as a multiethnic community-based investigation that includes age and sex-specific gradation of anemia with iron status (SF, SI, TIBC). 910 participants (female: 529 and male: 381) were enrolled in the study. Overall, 67.47% of individuals were diagnosed with anemia (female: 42.74% and male: 24.73% ). According to severity, 29.12%, 27.14%, and 11.2% of individuals were moderate, mild, and severely anemic. Results also showed that IDA is prevalent among all age groups irrespective of sex, with the highest rates in the 40.1 - 60 age group (female). The higher prevalence of the geriatric population could be due to chronic disease, iron deficiency, and genetic polymorphisms, which require future investigations.

Android-Based Mobile Application for the Control of Anemia in Children Aged 6 to 23 Months Old in the District of Comas – Lima

One of the main health problems facing the country is iron deficiency anemia. This condition reduces the level of hemoglobin present in the blood, which produces symptoms that affect the sufferer's daily activities. According to the INEI (National Institute of Statistics and Informatics), the urban area has 36.7% of anemia, and Comas is the second district of the capital (Lima) with the second highest rate of anemia with 43.4%. This article proposes a technological solution that allows the control and prevention of iron deficiency anemia in children from 6 to 23 months old in Comas through the follow-up of the screenings performed and by improving eating habits. The result obtained was an Android-based mobile application with three navigation options. The Children option allows the registration of each screening performed and notifies the level of anemia present in the child, the Home option displays information about this condition, and the Kitchen Recipes option is responsible for enriching the child's diet by presenting a highly nutritious recipe book, categorized according to age range. It also obtained a 90% positive acceptance rate from the sample population identified as users and patients, and a daily screening was recorded. This result can be applied to any coastal area of the country and, therefore, contributes to improving the quality of life of children by reducing anemia rates.

The comparison of effects of iron supplementation since pre-pregnant and during pregnant period on reducing iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women with mild anemia in Bali

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is still a problem of pregnant women's health related to its high prevalence and its negative effects on health. Prevention efforts have been carried out through administration of oral iron tablets to women during their pregnancy; however, the expected results have not been satisfied yet. This failure is probably due to the assumption that, especially in developing countries, the iron store in pre-pregnant women is very low or may be empty, so that iron supplementation during pregnancy is not enough to prevent IDA. The aim of study is to know the difference of effect of iron supplementation in treated and control groups in terms of hemoglobin concentration, serum ferritin level and prevalence of IDA. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 99 non-pregnant new couple women. Iron tablets were administered to the treated group from the beginning of pre-pregnant period, continuing until the first 3 months of pregnancy, while in the control group iron tablets were only given during the first 3 months of pregnancy. IDA was measured by serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentration using WHO’s criteria, the benefit of iron tablet was measured by BCR technique. Result: The administration of an oral iron tablet from the prepregnant period (treated group) could decrease prevalence of IDA higher than the administration of oral iron tablet during pregnancy only (control group) (0% vs 38.46%, p<0.05). A significant difference was also observed on mean serum ferritin concentration at the end of observation (the third month of pregnancy) 33.45±14.12 µg/dL in the treated group, and 19.65±8.99 µg/dL in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the hemoglobin concentration was 12.25±1.20 g/dL in the treated group and 10.91±0.67 g/dL in the control group. This difference was also statistically significant (p<0.05). Benefit analysis showed that administration of an oral iron tablet starting from pre-pregnancy is more advantageous (BCR >1) compared to oral administration of iron tablet during the pregnancy period only. There were no significant differences in side effects and compliance of the patient to consume iron pills in both treated and control groups. Conclusion: The administration of oral iron tablets (iron supplementation) to pregnant women starting from pre-pregnant period results in a better effect compared to oral iron supplementation during pregnancy only. This program is feasible to be implemented in a community setting because its compliance is good.

Objective and subjective barriers to the effective pediatric iron deficiency anemia control: results of questionnaire assessment of pediatricians and parents

Background. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remains a pressing pediatric issue to date. Despite the availability of clinical guidelines and other publications that highlight the objective causes for the lack of effectiveness of treatment and prevention of IDA in children, the subjective reasons are unrenowned.Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate health beliefs of pediatricians and parents on the problem of anemia in children to investigation into the objective and subjective causes for inadequate control of iron deficiency conditions in childhood.Materials and methods. In September 2022, single-step parallel survey of pediatricians and parents on the problem of IDA in children was conducted by random sampling technique using original questionnaires. The questions were formulated on five topics and related to a common understanding of the term “anemia”; priority reference sources; availability of diagnosis of IDA in medical institutions (MI); the position of pediatricians and parents on the treatment and prevention of IDA in children. Based on the results, the main subjective and objective barriers to the control of IDA in children are identified. The χ2 method was used for the comparative evaluation of the responses. The differences were considered significant at statistical significance of p < 0.05.Results. Pediatricians (n = 81) and parents (n = 363) from 23 members of the Russian Federation took the survey. Among the objective barriers to the IDA control in children, the low availability of serum ferritin in MI, difficulties of venous access in children, a shortage of a range of iron preparations for children on Russian market were revealed. The subjective barriers were the skepticism of pediatricians and parents about the necessity for conservative prevention of IDA; poor knowledge of the criteria for diagnosis IDA and completion of IDA therapy by pediatricians; insufficient independence and selectivity of pediatricians when prescribing iron preparations; orientation of the majority of parents (93.7%) to the opinion of doctors, along with the actual rarity of full-fledged conversations with a pediatrician (16.3%).Conclusion. The main limitation of this study was the random sample method inclusion of respondents due to the impossibility of conducting a full-fledged population study. Elimination of the revealed subjective and objective factors can contribute to improving the detection of IDA in children, early appointment and higher effectiveness of treatment, reducing the frequency of disease recurrences, as well as increasing the confidence of parents in pediatricians.

Iron deficiency in sepsis patients based on reticulocyte hemoglobin and hepcidin concentration: a prospective cohort study.

Iron tests are deranged in sepsis; therefore new biomarkers should be used for diagnosis of iron deficiency (ID)/ID anemia (IDA). Diagnosis of ID/IDA was based on reticulocyte (Ret) hemoglobin (Hb) equivalent (Ret-He) and Hb concentration, with hepcidin (Hep) determined retrospectively. The prevalence of ID and IDA was 7% and 47%, respectively. The AUROCs for Rets number and Hep in prediction of ID/IDA were 0.69 and 0.62, respectively. Approximately half of sepsis patients are iron-deficient. Number of Rets may be a predictor of ID/IDA when Ret-He is not available. Hepcidin is a poor IDA predictor.

Pengaruh Delay Cord Clamping Terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Bayi Baru Lahir Di PMB Diah Rosita Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2022

Introduction: Delay Cord Clamping can increase iron storage at birth so as to prevent iron deficiency anemia and can provide an additional 80-100 ml of blood in newborns. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Delay Cord Clamping on the hemoglobin level of newborns in PMB Diah Rosita, Bogor Regency in 2022 Methods: This research is quantitative research. The design used is a quasi-experimental research design with Posttest Only Control Design Group Design Results: The results of this study are newborn hemoglobin levels in the intervention group averaged 18,320 and newborn hemoglobin levels in the control group averaged 15,500; statistical tests using Independent T-Test obtained a value of p = 0,000 < 0,05 which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted so that there is an effect of Delay Cord Clamping on newborn hemoglobin levels Discussion: This can have a positive impact on newborns which is expected to be an alternative to prevent iron deficiency anemia in newborns.

Factors Associated with Maternal Knowledge of Iron Nutrition and Supplementation in the Rural Tain District, Ghana

Background: Pregnant women are at a high risk of iron deficiency anaemia in Ghana. Despite the provision of iron nutrition education and supplementation for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy, the estimated prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy is relatively high. The associated factors such as maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation therapy are not clear due to limited data. Objective: This study aims to assess maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation and associated factors in the rural Tain District of Ghana. Method: Cross-sectional quantitative data was used. Data was collected from a sample of 480 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in any of the health facilities in the Tain district. The ten health facilities were stratified and the allocation of samples to each of the ten facilities was proportionate to size. Simple random sampling was used to select individual participants from a compiled list of registered antenatal mothers in each health facility. Results: In all, 36% of participants reported having adequate knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Pregnant women whose husbands have no formal/Primary education (AOR=0.0078(95% CI: 0.021, 0.294), Middle/JHS education (AOR=0.223(95% CI: 0.067, 0.743) were associated with a knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Pregnant women who have one child (AOR= 0.150 (95% CI: 0.053, 0.426) and those who have two children (AOR= 0.375(95% CI: 0.146, 0.963) had lower odds of adequate knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Conclusion: Maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia is low. Health education on iron nutrition and supplementation therapy should be strengthened.

Iron Bisglycinate versus Sucrosomal Iron in Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Iron Bisglycinate versus Sucrosomal Iron in Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial