Irish Republic Research Articles

Phytophthora citricola . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phytophthora citricola Sawada. Hosts: Citrus spp., hops ( Humulus lupulus ), lilac ( Syringa ), raspberry ( Rubus ), rhododendron, conifers. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Asia, China, India, Iran, Japan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Queensland, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Europe, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Irish Republic, Italy, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Northern Ireland, S. England & Wales, Scotland, Yugoslavia, Central America & West Indies, Antilles, North America, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Mexico, USA, South America, Argentina, Chile.

Polymyxa beta . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Polymyxa beta Keskin. Hosts: Beet ( Beta vulgaris ). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, China, Nei Menggu, Japan, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England, USSR, Yugoslavia, North America, USA, California, Texas, Nebraska.

Terminal care: ‘drug control of common symptoms’1

This booklet from St. Christopher’s Hospice has been extensively revised. It now includes sections on the advantages of administering some drugs by infusion pump, on the management of pain caused by nerve involvement, and on the use of midazolam by subcutaneous infusion for terminal restlessness and as a reserve anticonvulsant. It will be useful to all who look after patients with advanced cancer or other terminal illness. The booklet is not copyright and can be conveniently copied (the 8 pages are A4 size) or adapted to local needs. All doctors in the Irish Republic and the Netherlands are receiving this booklet.

The provisional IRA: A case study

The Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) is a militant, nationalist organisation which aims at ending British rule in Northern Ireland by violent means and at establishing a united Irish republic. It has the support of a substantial proportion of Northern Irish Catholics, and sufficient armaments to continue its campaign for the forseeable future. The quality of the ordinary PIRA recruits is quite high, and its leadership has shown itself capable of adapting political and military strategy to changing circumstances. However, despite achieving a great deal, it is unlikely that the PIRA can overcome the hostility of Northern Irish Protestants to Irish unity, and by its campaign it has exacerbated that hostility.

Phaeocryptopus gaeumanii . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phaeocryptopus gaeumanii (Rohde) Petrak. Hosts: douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Victoria, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Maine, Massechusetts, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Michigan, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Minnesota.

Nationalist Revolutionaries in Ireland, 1858-1928.

The present-day Irish Republic was created by a revolutionary elite which developed between 1858 and 1900. This book analyses the social origins of the revolutionaries who became rulers of Ireland after 1921, and examines their political ideologies and prejudices. The author argues that they were heavily influenced not only by ancient agrarian grievances and memories of the Famine, but also by contemporary Catholic abhorrence of the Protestant and secular world represented by England and America. Personal resentments also played their part; many felt their faith, their nation, and their class were slighted in the British Ireland of the period, and regarded themselves as morally superior not only to their British and Anglo-Irish rulers, but also to to the vast mass of their Catholic fellow-countrymen and co-religionists. Drawing on the evidence of private letters and diaries, and the writings of popular journalism, Nationalist Revolutionaries makes an original contribution to Irish historiography by reconstructing the private thoughts behind the political public faces.

Self Assessments of Participants on Enterprise Training Courses

Abstract This paper discusses research which was stimulated by the controversial question of the educability of entrepreneurial characteristics and the economic value of enterprise training. The research focuses on participants on enterprise training courses within the Irish Republic which aim to help people to set up and run businesses. An attempt was made to develop a technique, that is an adapted Osgood's Sematic Differential Technique, for use in the exploration of participants’ perceptions of entrepreneurial characteristics. This technique could represent a useful assessment technique for appraising participants’ attitudes to themselves as entrepreneurs and any changes over the duration of a training course in participants’ identification with entrepreneurial characteristic. Although, this technique would require self assessments, it could be used to establish the conditions for the development of entrepreneurial characteristics and explore questions of whether entrepreneurial characteristics may be developed. Despite methodological limitations, the reported study lends support to the thesis that many entrepreneurial characteristics may be developed over the duration of enterprise training courses in the view of participants.

The Last Butler

This article considers the life and work of the Irish writer Hubert Butler, who died this year and an anthology of whose essays is to be published in France in 1992 by the Éditions du Rocher. Born at the turn of the century into a family of the Anglo-Irish ascendancy tracing its origins to the court of the Capetian kings in France, Buttler found himself in his youth surrounded by the burnt-out houses of his relatives and friends, many of whom had emigrated to England. Of a more obstinate mould, Butler preferred to defend not only his ancestral home but also the principles of Irish protestant nationalism - the Ireland of Wolfe Tone, inspired by the American and French revolutions, of Yeats and Horace of Plunkett. On his father's death he took over the family home in Co. Kilkenny, devoting himself to writing, broadcasting and the organisation of cultural and social movements. For Butler, the only guarantee of the survival of the protestant minority in the Irish Republic would be its full participation in the political and social life of the new Ireland. Drawing on his extensive acquaintance with continental Europe where he had travelled widely as a young man (particularly in the USSR and the Balkans), this Anglo-Irish Cassandra found in the pre-war experience and the atrocities of the second world war a prototype of the threat hanging over his co-religionists in the conservative and rural Ireland of the 1950's. This did not serve to endear him to the clerical establishment nor to the public at large. It was only after long persistence, and with the liberalizing trends of the post- Vatican II era and the movement towards European union that Butler a few short years before the end of his exceptionally long life, took his rightful place among the most influential Irish writers of this century.

Sclerotinia trifoliorum . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sclerotinia trifoliorum Eriksson. Hosts: Clover ( Trifolium spp., lucerne ( Medicago sativa ) etc. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Egypt, Asia, China, India, Israel, Japan, Korea, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Vict, Tasmania, Western Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Sicily, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USSR, Russia, Baltic States, Urals, North America, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quw, Prince Edward Island, Mexico, USA, South America, Chile.

Peronospora antirrhini . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Peronospora antirrhini Schröter. Hosts: Antirrhinum majus . Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Mauritius, South Africa, Asia, Israel, Europe, Denmark, France, Germany, Irish Republic, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, North America, Canada, Ontario, Alberta, USA, California, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Central America & West Indies, Panama, South America, Argentina, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania, New Zealand.

Cochliobolus victoriae . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cochliobolus victoriae Nelson. Hosts: Oats ( Avena ) and other Poaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, India, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Australasia, Australia, Queensland, Western Australia, Europe, Netherlands, Irish Republic, Scotland, Switzerland, North America, Canada, USA, South America, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil.

Policing Liberal Society. By Steve Uglow. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. 176p. $29.95. - The Police, Public Order, and the State: Policing in Great Britain, Northern Ireland, the Irish Republic, the USA, Israel, South Africa, and China. By John Brewer, Adrian Guelke, Ian Hume, Edward Moxon-Browne, and Rick Wilford. New York: St. Martin's, 1988. 241p. $49.95. - Undercover: Police

Policing Liberal Society. By Steve Uglow. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. 176p. $29.95. - The Police, Public Order, and the State: Policing in Great Britain, Northern Ireland, the Irish Republic, the USA, Israel, South Africa, and China. By John Brewer, Adrian Guelke, Ian Hume, Edward Moxon-Browne, and Rick Wilford. New York: St. Martin's, 1988. 241p. $49.95. - Undercover: Police

Female Marital Mobility within Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland: A Log-Linear Analysis

A series of log-linear models predicting the exchange marital experiences of Irish wives are prevented for the Irish Republic. The best explanatory model is one in which the relationship between a husband's occupational status and that of his father-in-law remains homogeneous across age levels, Women show a marked propensity to marry husbands at a similar occupational status as that of their fathers and long-range upward or downward mobility across the manual/nonmanual divide is unlikely. This tendency towards endogamy is particularly pronounced within the two upper non-manual categories and the manual strata generally the same general model of homogeneous association holds for Northern Ireland across age levels and religious affiliation. In the North, however, more short-range mobility occurs, particularly between the two upper non-manual groups. Despite this the norm for both the Irish Republic and Northern Ireland is marital immobility rather than marital mobility with no evidence of a fundamental trend towards increased marital mobility. Furthermore. The mobility through marriage that did occur does not result in an overall net advantage for women.

« There's No Such Thing As the West Anymore» : Tom Murphy and the Lost Ideal of the Land of the Free

Both the United States of America and the Irish Republic were founded on a belief that they could restore an Edenic wholeness to their people, a rejection of, in the words of J.M. Synge, «the ruthlessness of " progress " ». As the literary critic, Leo Marx has argued, however, the typical work of Modern American Literature is a « failed pastoral » : a recognition of the loss of the ideal in the face of « the facts of history». The essay compares selected works of American Literature with the plays of the contemporary Irish playwright, Tom Murphy and, in a reading informed by Walter Benjamin, argues that while Murphy recognizes the « facts of history » his work is even more concerned with the dramatization of « images of redemption».

Personality, Intelligence Components and Foreign Language Attainment

Abstract Approximately 1200 children from the Irish Republic were tested for various intelligence abilities, attainment in Irish (taught as a second language), personality traits of psychoticism, neuroticism and extroversion and attitude to learning foreign languages. Females had a significantly higher N score and had a significantly more positive attitude towards learning second languages and males had a significantly higher P score. The personality measures were not strongly related to the cognitive measures; anxiety, for example, does not appear to have an adverse effect on performance. There were low but positive correlations between attitude towards foreign language learning and the total score obtained in the Irish test. It is suggested that individuals have a more positive attitude towards subjects they are good at; hence the attitude could be influenced by innate ability. Attitude towards learning foreign languages also had low but significant correlations with some of the other cognitive tests, e...

Adult and continuing education in the Irish Republic: A research synthesis

(1989). Adult and continuing education in the Irish Republic: A research synthesis. International Journal of Lifelong Education: Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 211-234.

Italy

Italy is recruiting nurses from overseas with an initial batch from the Irish Republic, to tackle what has been described as a [Illegible word] crisis which is paralysing the hospital system.

Colonial Science and Dependent Development: The Case of the Irish Experience

This paper draws on recent studies of colonial science and of the social function of science in the underdeveloped world to analyse the social development of science in Ireland and, subsequently, the Irish Republic. It is suggested that after the Act of Union scientific activity in Ireland became prized as a cultural practice, largely isolated from its local context and potential local applications. Because of governmenta priorities in the new state and because of the Anglo-Irish character of much of the scientific culture, this isolation persisted after Partition. The recent history of science in the Irish Republic is interpreted in terms of this isolation or marginality.

Sclerotinia narcissicola . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Sclerotinia narcissicola Greg. Hosts: Narcissus. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Iraq, USSR, Australasia, Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New Zealand, Europe, Channel Island, Jersey, Guernsey, Denmark, Germany, Irish Republic, Netherlands, Norway, UK, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, USA, North Carolina, New York, Oregon, Virginia, WA.

Gloeotinia granigena . [Distribution map

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Gloeotinia granigena (Quélet) Schumacher. Hosts: Lolium spp. and other Gramineae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Australasia, Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New Zealand, Europe, Denmark, France, German Federal Republic, Irish Republic, Netherlands, Sweden, UK, USSR, North America, Canada, Quebec, USA, Oregon.