Iris Melanoma Research Articles

Immunofluorescent detection of antibodies to ocular melanomas.

Antitumor antibodies were detected in the sera of patients with uveal and conjunctival melanomas by the indirect immunofluorescent technique of tumor imprints. In 16 of 18 cases of primary choroidal melanoma, two cases of metastatic choroidal melanoma, and one case of late orbital recurrence, granular cytoplasmic fluorescence from labeled IgM antibodies was found. Immunoglobulin M antibodies were also found in two cases of iris melanoma and in two of three cases of conjunctival melanoma. Immunoglobulin G antibodies to tumor-associated antigens were found in three of nine cases of primary choroidal melanoma. Specificity of the reaction was established by absorption techniques, blocking studies, and the finding of no false positive results among control sera from 1,083 patients. The results imply that this serologic test may be a sensitive, nontraumatic diagnostic test for ocular melanomas.

MALIGNANT MELANOMAS OF THE HUMAN UVEA

All cases (302) of malignant intraocular melanomas in Denmark between 1943–1952 were followed up and evaluated 25 years after enucleation, which was the treatment used immediately after diagnosis during that period. The follow-up percentage was 99, 82% of the total being dead at the time of follow-up, bringing the real course of the malignant uveal melanoma in a traditionally treated series nearer to the truth. The same series was analysed in 1963 and 1970. Three-quarters of the patients were hospitalized immediately before and/or in the process of dying. In the series of choroidal and/or ciliary body melanoma the autopsy frequency was 36. Death with metastases took place in 51% (150). Orbital recurrence was found in 2,5% and 8–12% of cases with extrascleral extension had orbital recurrence. This appeared at an average of 2 years after enucleation and 10% of metastases appeared within the first 6 months post-operatively, more than half within 3 years. The peak incidence was during the first year after enucleation. No second peak was observed. However, metastases appeared even after 23 years. The probability of being alive without metastases after 25 years was found to be 40%, assuming that the patient did not die of another cause. The prognosis was estimated using various clinical and histopathological parameters. Women below the age of 40 had a better prognosis than women above that age. Small tumours, spindle shaped cells, no invasion and low pigment content of tumour were all in favour of a good prognosis. Of the iris melanomas from the period dealt with, only one died with metastasis. The present lively discussion on early enucleation or conservative management is reported and finally the attitude of the Ophthalmic Tumour Centre towards therapy is indicated.

Iris melanoma; with vascular proliferation simulating a hemangioma.

THE occurrence of neovascularization and the appearance of spontaneous hemorrhages in the anterior chamber in iris melanomas are well known. 1-4 The vascularization may even give a hemangiomatous aspect to the melanoma, but histological examination will usually reveal the vascular lesion to be secondary. Sometimes, however, it appears to be difficult to differentiate between both conditions. The following case will show that eventually much experience is needed to make a decision. Report of a Case History. —The patient, a man, born in 1893, was examined ophthalmologically in 1956. In the left eye, a rather large iris melanoma was seen, which had caused an ectropion of the pupil. As this tumor, according to the patient, existed already for more than 25 years, no operation was performed. The patient was advised to visit the ophthalmologist regularly for inspection of his lesion. In 1963 there still was no visible change of the tumor.

Iridocyclectomy : A Technique for Removal of Iris Melanomas

Iridocyclectomy : A Technique for Removal of Iris Melanomas

MELANOMA OF THE IRIS.

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HEMANGIOMA OF THE IRIS.

A review of the literature reveals only one case report of an angioma of the iris with histologic confirmation. 1 The present report concerns a histologically proven cavernous hemangioma of the iris which clinically simulated an iris melanoma. Report of Case History. —A 48-year-old white male became aware of a tumor in the left iris three days before examination. At that time his young daughter noted that his eye had pupils. During the previous two weeks, there were short episodes of painless cloudy vision in this eye. Examination showed a localized tumor in the midstroma of the nasal iris of the left eye. It measured 2×3 mm and produced some distortion of the pupil (Fig 1). The angle was not invaded by the tumor, but on gonioscopic examination (Fig 2) the tumor was observed to have a multiloculated appearance with strands of white tissue surrounding dark-red material resembling blood.

Spontaneous Hyphema and Acute Glaucoma as Initial Signs of Recurrent Iris Melanoma

Spontaneous Hyphema and Acute Glaucoma as Initial Signs of Recurrent Iris Melanoma

Chapter XV: Iris Melanomas in the Present Series

Chapter XV: Iris Melanomas in the Present Series

Spontaneous Hyphema and Acute Glaucoma as Initial Signs of Recurrent Iris Melanoma

Report of Case Several important features of malignant melanomas of the iris are well illustrated in the case of an 80-year-old white woman. In September, 1961, she developed a total hyphema and glaucoma with a sudden onset of pain and loss of light perception in the left eye. The right eye had a visual acuity of 20/20 and was normal. Nine years previously (1952) a malignant melanoma of the iris of mixed cell type had been excised from the left eye. This neoplasm had been observed for about four years and was localized to the pupillary zone between the 5 and 7 o'clock meridians. There was evidence of pigment deposition in the angle. In 1953 there was evidence of recurrence. A letter in August, 1957, indicated no trouble whatsoever since the operation. Even though the patient had not been examined between 1953 and 1961, the ophthalmologist recognized the

The Treatment of Iris Melanoma

The Treatment of Iris Melanoma

Primary tumors of the irs.

Tumors of the iris are uncommon; the accumulation of a sizable number of cases requires considerable time, and the problems of a long-term clinical follow-up are numerous. This study deals with the primary tumors of the iris examined in the pathology laboratory of the Wilmer Institute between 1925 and 1956, with special emphasis upon a few of the associated clinical findings, upon the histopathological characteristics of these tumors, and upon the ultimate fate of the patients who had harbored them. Since the first histologic description of an iris melanoma, given by Tay 13 in 1866, there have been a number of reports of iris tumors. In 1879 Knapp 9 recorded three of his own cases and reviewed the literature. Wood and Pusey, 14 in 1902, again reviewed the literature, reporting on a total of 83 cases of primary iris sarcomas. Their paper was thorough, but the follow-up period was short.

Melanoma of iris treated by radiation therapy.

Melanoma of iris treated by radiation therapy.

SPONGIONEUROBLASTOMA OF THE OPTIC NERVE IN NEUROFIBROMATOSIS (RECKLINGHAUSEN)

Recently we reported 1 melanoma of iris and melanosis of uvea in a young woman who had multiple fibromas of skin and impaired mentality. We have been fortunate since to study optic nerves and globes in another woman who had similar generalized skin tumors of more than thirty years' duration. The orbital portion of left nerve obtained post mortem revealed striking differences from that of right, while microscopic examination disclosed in this nerve a new growth, which, though undoubtedly related to glioma, presented many striking features of morphologic interest. The literature is not lacking in reports of tumor formations in optic nerve in neurofibromatosis, but up to present apparently none has been considered authentic. Verhoeff, 2 while admitting that the same influence which causes supporting tissue of peripheral nerve to proliferate in form of a fibroma, may cause