Iraqi Children Research Articles

Investigating the Influence of Animation on the Iraqi Muslim Children in Iraq (Doctrinal, Social, Ethical, Academic Sides)

This study is to investigate the nature of animation's effect in doctrinal, social, ethical and academic sides as well as the views of Iraqi Muslim students, teachers and parents toward its influence. In this study, three hypotheses have been developed. A questionnaire has been formed and will be given to the chosen sample of two hundred Baghdad primary school students in the academic year 2023–2024 as well as teachers and parents in order to accomplish the objectives. The results show that parents and children both agree that animations have a negative effects on children's development. It is recommended that parents intentionally try to notice the animations their children are viewing to make sure it is suitable for their age and Islamic believes.

Evaluation of the Level of Electrolytes in Children with Steroid Sensitive or Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome

Background: Childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common conditions pediatric nephrologists encounter globally. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and edema. The degree and duration of proteinuria have an impact on serum electrolyte levels. However, local data is limited. Objectives: To assess and compare the degree of electrolyte imbalance and its relationship to kidney function indicators during relapse and remission in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Methods: In this case-control study, blood samples were collected from 80 Iraqi children with an age range of (2-14) years. They were divided into three groups: Group I (20 individuals with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS)), Group II (20 individuals with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRSN)), and Group III (40 healthy individuals as the control group). Serum electrolyte levels (Na, Ca, Cl, and K) were measured by an ion-selective electrode (9180 electrolyte analyzer). Blood creatinine and urea were measured by a Cobas c311 autoanalyzer during the relapse and remission phase. The patients were clients of the pediatric nephrology consultation center at the Children's Teaching Hospital / Baghdad Medical City and Al-Batoul Teaching Hospital for Women and Children from 15 February to 20 August 2022. The controls were healthy children whose medical history was reviewed to eliminate a history of kidney disease and underwent a comprehensive physical examination. Controls were recruited from a network of family, friends, relatives, and the National Autism Center/ Child Protection Teaching Hospital affiliated with Medical City/Baghdad. Results: Serum Calcium levels showed a clear decrease in all SSNS and SRSN patients compared to the control group. The levels of Sodium and Chloride were significantly lower than the control group during the relapse phase. The results of the relapse phase of SRNS patients indicated higher serum potassium concentration compared with the control group and the SSNS patient group, with a statistically significant difference). Conclusion: All children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome had hypocalcemia in the relapse and remission phase. SRNS cases had hyperkalemia, Sodium, and chloride fluctuated between low levels during the relapse phase and normal levels during the remission phase.

Study of Hematological Parameters of Children with Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis in Wasit Governorate

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate some hematological parameters in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children who are on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). It is characterized by its irreversibility. Deterioration of kidney function that gradually progresses to end-stage renal function illness. Over the past two decades, the incidence of CKD in children has increased Steady increase. The major health consequences of CKD include not only progression to kidney failure, but also increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The study was conducted in the dialysis unit of Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Wasit governorate and the Child Protection Teaching Hospital -Medical City in Baghdad. During the period from November 2023 to April 2024. This study aimed to examination of risk factors (height, weight, age, sex, inheritance of the disease in the family, medical history, symptoms of the disease, other diseases, treatment methods) for CKD in general. The biochemical effect was also studied and blood indicators for patients on HD and PD purpose. For the purpose of studying the hematological of patients undergoing dialysis and comparing those results with their values ​​in both HD and PD. This study was done on (80) Iraqi children (30) of them suffering from kidney failure and (50) of them was healthy with age range (1 day -17) years old. HD was performed for 22 children with CKD, and PD was performed for 8 patients with CKD. This study involved dividing patients into three Groups according to the age at which the disease begins, from (1 day-5 years), (6-11) years and (12-17) years, included 15 females and 15 males. Samples were collected based on the incidence of CKD and type of treatment, as well as the diagnosis of all patients according to international standard by the physician. The results of our study with regard to the hematological of patients undergoing PD showed a significant increase in the levels of (WBC) p ≤ 0.05 and also showed a significant decrease in the levels of (RBC, Hb, PCV, ESR) p ≤ 0.05. a non-significant increase in TSH levels p ≥ 0.05. The results of our study with regard to the hematological parameters of patients on HD showed a significant increase in the levels of (ESR) p ≤ 0.05 and a significant decrease in the levels of (WBC, RBC, PCV, Hb) p ≤ 0.05.

Factors affecting parental refusal of lumbar puncture in Iraqi children in COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study.

To assess the frequency and causes of parental lumbar puncture refusal for their children. The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from October 1, 2021, to April 1, 2022, and comprised children aged at least >1 month at the emergency department who had been advised to undergo lumbar puncture. Data from the mother of the child was collected using an interviewbased questionnaire, exploring. demographic characteristics, the cause of lumbar puncture refusal, as well as knowledge of the advantages and risks of lumbar puncture. Data was analysed using SPSS 26. There were 128 children with a mean age of 3.9±2.1 years (range: 1-120 months). The parents of 18(14%) patients refused the procedure, and the most frequent reason was fear of paralysis 12(67%). Refusal was significantly associated with mother's age, parents' levels of education, and parents' knowledge of the risks of lumbar puncture (p<0.05). Raising public awareness and parents' educational level regarding the necessity and safety of lumbar puncture procedure is vital to decrease the refusal rate and ensure a better health outcome.

Acute renal injury among seriously ill Iraqi children: risk factors, management, and outcome.

To determine the frequency of acute kidney injury in seriously ill young patients, and to find out the risk factors linked to renal impairment. The cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to December 1, 2019, at the Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised patients of either gender aged from >28 days to <18 years who presented to the emergency department with any critical acute illness who had to undergo hospitalisation. Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criterion was used to identify patients having acute kidney injury. Such patients were followed up during their hospitalisation and their follow-up data was collected daily till discharge... Data was analysed using SPSS 25. of the 485 critically ill paediatric patients, 113(23.3%) had acute kidney injury; 57(50.9%) females and 56(49.1%) males. The overall mean age was 18.68±25.8 months (range: 1.5-120 months). There were 46(40.7%) patients with stage 3 disease. The incidence of acute kidney disease was not significantly associated with either age or gender (p>0.05). Diarrhoea and vomiting were the only complaints that had a significant association with acute kidney injury (p=0.001). Sagwa was consumed by 40(8.2%) cases, and 35(87.5%) of them developed acute kidney injury (p=0.001). Ventilator was used in 12(10.6%) cases, Of the total 65(13.4) cases of mortality, 21(18.6%) had acute kidney injury compared to 44(11.8%) of the rest (p=0.014). Acute renal impairment was found to be prevalent in seriously ill paediatric patients and was linked to increased mortality. Sagwa poisoning, diarrhoea and vomiting as presenting complaints had a significant association with acute kidney disease in such patients.

Spexin level in growth hormone deficiency Iraqi children

Spexin (SPX) is a newly discovered brain adipokine implicated in various homeostatic functions including metabolism, energy balance, endocrine processes and growth hormone (GH) production in particular. At the same time, the growth-promoting effects of GH are influenced by Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF‑1) and vitamin D3. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of SPX in growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children. The research involved 90 children (40 with growth hormone deficiency and 50 healthy controls aged 5-14). Serum levels of GH, IGF and vitamin D3 were tested using a chemiluminescent immunoassay, that of SPX – by Elabscience ELISA Kit. The results revealed that children with GHD had significantly higher SPX levels compared to the control group. No significant difference in IGF-1 and vitamin D3 levels between patients and control groups was observed. In the GHD group, we found a significant negative correlation between SPX and GH levels; at the same time, there was no correlation between SPX and D3 levels. These findings suggest that the changes in SPX levels may contribute to growth hormone deficiency. Keywords: growth hormone deficiency, IGf-1, Iraqi children, spexin, vitamin D3

Dental plaque caries related microorganism in relation to demographic factors among a group of Iraqi children.

Streptococcusmutans and lactobacilli are most important bacteria in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Cariogenic microflora has been associated to the primary caregiver transmission and sugary diets.

Natural Radioactivity in some Local Food Samples Consumed by Children in Iraq

This work was directed towards studying the specific activity of natural radioactivity (40k, 238U, and 232Th) in 13 samples of foodstuff that are consumed by children in Iraq. The foodstuffs such as biscuit, cocoa powder, milk powder, indomie, and soup were collected from markets in the Al-Najaf governorate. This food was analyzed in the laboratory, which belongs to the University of Kufa, using a scintillation detector (NaI(Tl)) detector (gamma spectrometer systems) and provided with software MESTRO-32. The results found that, the specific activity for potassium-40 were ranged from 52.11 Bq/kg to 619.61 Bq/kg, while the specific activity for uranium-238 ranged between 4.11 Bq/kg to 18.9 Bq/kg, but for thorium-232 were ranged from 0.39 Bq/kg to 12.06 Bq/kg. The specific activity for 40K, 238U, and 232Th for all samples was found to be within the worldwide range for radioactivity in food 420, 30, and 45 Bq/kg, respectively, except for cocoa powder samples have specific activity for 40K higher than worldwide. This study has shown that the levels of radioactivity in most samples of children food were within the limit value of organization UNSCEAR. Finally, the present study will provide data about natural radioactivity in food used by children in all governorates of the country to protect all children.

Use of Antibiotic and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Role of Immune Function in Iraqi Children

Antibiotic use and its abeyant effect on gut microbiota dysbiosis are key issues for Iraqi children's immune function. The equilibrium of gut microbiota is vital for immune system modulation, the development of a strong defense adjoin infections, and the abstention of autoimmune diseases. Misuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics, which is usually acquired by factors such as infections repetition or cultural practices, can agitate this antithesis and aftereffect in dysbiosis. The aim of this investigation is to acquisition out how frequently antibiotics are acclimated in Iraqi children and whether this use is associated to abnormalities in their gut microbiome. We additionally aim to investigate how these disturbances may aftereffect these children's allowed function. Materials and Methods: 70 Iraqi child in age range (2-8) have been involved in cross sectional study to assess the effect of antibiotics on both gut dysbiosis and immune. Results: This study shows that the sample has a gender imbalance, with more women than men, and modest age variety. Of the total population, 55.72% live in cities, 88.57% report having no health issues, with asthma being the most common at 5.71%. The frequency of antibiotic usage has a major effect on gut bacteria; higher use is associated with fewer helpful species and more dangerous ones.

Autism in Iraqi Children: Investigating the CNTNAP2 rs7794745 Polymorphism in the Middle Euphratesv

Objectives: This study aims to determine if the CNTNAP2 gene polymorphism at the rs7794745 locus is associated with autism spectrumdisorder (ASD) by comparing its frequency in autistic children and healthy controls. Methods: The case-control study involved a total of 150 samples, comprising 80 individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) and 70 healthy children. These participants, both male and female, had an average age of 3.5 ± 3 years for autistic individuals and4.2 ± 3 years for healthy children. Genomic analysis was performed by amplifying and scrutinizing DNA sequences through the utilizationof polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzymes. Specifically, the genotyping of the CNTNAP2 gene at the rs7794745 locus wasaccomplished using the PCR-RFLP method. To facilitate genotyping, the isolation of DNA from peripheral blood cells sourced from healthychildren and patients. Results: Our findings indicated a statistically non-significant low-frequency distribution (P-value &gt; 0.05) of the rs7794745 SNP in ASDpatients compared to healthy children. Conclusion: The study’s findings propose that there is no correlation between the rs7794745 polymorphism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Refugee and asylum-seeker children and health problems in the city of Duzce, Türkiye.

This study examines the health problems and healthcare needs of refugee and asylum-seeker children and aims to develop strategies for improvement. Based on quantitative data from 448 refugee and asylum-seeker children and 222 non-refugee local children, this study was conducted at Düzce University, Department of Paediatrics, between 2010 and 2021. The refugee children originated from three countries: Iraq (n = 304), Syria (n = 101) and Afghanistan (n = 43). The data were analysed using the SPSS data analysis program. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Düzce Üniversity. The results suggest that refugee and asylum-seeker children have significantly higher rates of acute illness or infection, malnutrition (p < 0.001) and anaemia (p < 0.001) than local children as a result of living in overcrowded families (p = 0.017) and unhealthy conditions. Adolescent pregnancy (p = 0.049) emerges as an important social problem as a result of child marriage among refugee children, mostly in the form of consanguineous marriages (p < 0.001). The rate of having at least two adolescent pregnancies (under 18) was highest among Syrian refugee girls (p = 0.01). Although refugee and asylum-seeker children have higher rates of health insurance (between 74% and 95%), they have lower rates of insurance compared to local children. This research also compares the data from three nationalities, including Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq children; Iraqi and Afghan children under the international protection (IP) system with limited social support and rights had worse health conditions compared to other groups. Although Iraqi children had the highest rates of health insurance on admission (p < 0.001), they also had higher rates of chronic diseases (p = 0.001), infections (p = 0.004), allergic rhinitis (p = 0.001) and malnutrition (p < 0.001). The youngest age of admission (p = 0.006) and the shortest length of stay (p = 0.004) were for Afghan children who also had higher rates of upper respiratory infections (p = 0.021). This study highlights the urgent need for improved screening programmes and the importance of collaborative efforts to address the specific health needs of these populations. Addressing the health status of child refugees is a complex and multifaceted task that requires the active participation of healthcare professionals, policymakers and researchers, each of whom has a crucial role to play.

Effect of Feeding Methods on Respiratory Efforts in Neonate with Congenital Heart Defect

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) encompasses heart or blood vessel abnormalities arising during fetal development, affecting around 9 per 1,000 live births annually, totaling approximately 1.35 million infants. CHD is clinically classified as either cyanotic or acyanotic and often coincides with malnutrition and failure to thrive. Infants with CHD are at an increased risk of developing oropharyngeal dysphagia, characterized by difficulties in swallowing. Pediatric nurses play a crucial role in monitoring CHD, including respiratory rates and overall health, with particular attention to assessing nasal flaring for signs of respiratory distress as chest retractions and cyanosis. Objectives: Study aims to Assess variations in respiratory rate across different feeding methods and their impact on neonates with CHD at various time intervals. Methodology: A prospective observational study was carried out at the neonatal unit of Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children in Iraq. Fifty neonates, aged less than 28 days and diagnosed with CHD, were purposively recruited for the study. Inclusion criteria targeted neonates who were undergoing enteral feeding. Results: Analysis of records from 50 neonates revealed significant variations in respiratory rate across distinct feeding periods (p=0.027). and unveils noteworthy variations in nasal flaring throughout distinct feeding periods (p=0.001). And no significant differences in chest retraction across distinct feeding periods (p=1.000), no significant differences between breastfeeding, bottle-feeding and tube-feeding across time intervals of neonates feeding. Conclusions: Respiratory rate demonstrates significant variations across feeding periods. There are no significant differences in respiratory rates before-after feeding among breastfeeding, bottle-feeding, and tube-feeding.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics Associated with the Severity of Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Children in Iraq

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics Associated with the Severity of Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Children in Iraq

Association of the MDR1 Variants (rs2032582 and rs2032583) with Steroid Response in Iraqi Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Association of the MDR1 Variants (rs2032582 and rs2032583) with Steroid Response in Iraqi Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Assessment of the levels of vasopressin and androgen in the sample of Iraqi children with Autism spectrum disorder

Assessment of the levels of vasopressin and androgen in the sample of Iraqi children with Autism spectrum disorder

Epidemiology and aetiology of the 2023 meningitis outbreak among children in Iraq.

Meningitis is still a major public health challenge globally. Both the viral and bacterial forms of the disease have been reported worldwide. In 2023, around 200 children with suspected meningitis were admitted to hospital in Halabja Governorate, Iraq. No outbreak of meningitis had been reported previously in that region. To investigate the aetiology and epidemiology of meningitis among children in Halabja Governorate, Iraq, and expedite clinical management and prevention. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid specimens were collected from 197 children admitted to Halabja Paediatric and Maternity Teaching Hospital from 1 March to 1 July 2023 and analysed. The sample t-test was used to compare the haematological, serological and biochemical characteristics of the samples. The majority (76.6%) of the children were aged 2-9 years and 54% were males. The clinical manifestations of the disease were fever (100.0%), headache (89.0%), vomiting (85.7%), and photophobia (72.4%); none of the children had convulsions. The mean values for both neutrophil count and C-reactive protein were statistically significantly raised (P < 0.05) and the red blood cells, white blood cells and neutrophil counts, and lactate dehydrogenase values were statistically significantly raised (P < 0.05). The causative organism was enterovirus (98.5%), with sporadic cases of streptococcal meningitis (1.5%). All the patients recovered fully. The rapid diagnosis of the disease was crucial to the therapeutic and prevention control measures for the outbreak. Although it is still unclear how and where this outbreak started, contaminated drinking water and transmission among children in nurseries and schools are suspected. Further investigations are recommended to determine the source of the enterovirus and identify the virus species and serotypes.

Autism Assessment in Iraqi children with Nutritional Supplements for Developing Social and Communication Skills: Parents' Views on Health Behavior

Objective: This study aimed to know the impact of autism in Iraqi children by conducting a cross-sectional study during 2020-2021, where 110 cases of autistic children were collected and distributed into two groups: 10 control cases and 100 patient cases. Moreover, this study also demonstrated the importance of health behavior for these Iraqi children. Methodology: The demographic information and data were collected in this study from Baghdad Hospitals over one year. This study used two scales (CARS &amp; Vineland 3) to monitor children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to cover both adaptive skills and intellectual skills, as many ASD children may have an associated intellectual disability. Results: The statistical analysis program "IBM SPSS)" was used to find out the mean ages and SDs, which was 6.5 ± 1.6 of the control group. As for the patient group, the mean and SDs were (6.3 ± 1.8). According to the first questionnaire, the psychological state of patients was evaluated on the CARS scale, and low levels were found in all evaluation items, and the total score was 45.8 ± 6.09 / 60 with a diagnosis of severe autism. The same applies to the patient group, as there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Total score 48 ± 5.9 with a diagnosis of severe autism. Conclusion: Patients and control groups were evaluated according to the Vineland Scale 3. In both groups, they did not achieve the required score, and low scores were found, as the total score for the patients' group was 165.65 ± 68.9, while the total score for the control group was 107 ± 65.4. This research demonstrated that the health behavior of children is significant factor for their health improvement.

Association between dental clinical measures and oral health-related quality of life among Iraqi schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to assess the association between dental clinical measures and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) together with the potential mediating role of sociodemographic factors and oral health behaviours on this association in a group of Iraqi children. The target population for this cross-sectional study consisted of 372 primary school children aged 8-10 years in the city of Kut, Iraq, during the year 2022. The participants were selected using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Detailed information about the children was collected through a comprehensive questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, oral health-related behaviors, the Arabic version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire for 8-10-year-olds (CPQ8-10), and parental knowledge regarding oral health. Additionally, clinical dental evaluations were conducted, which included assessments of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS, dmfs) as well as teeth (DMFT, dmft). Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), bleeding on probing (BOP), and the community periodontal index (CPI) were also recorded for each participant using the recommended methodology by the World Health Organization (WHO). The statistical analysis included the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and simple and multiple linear regressions. The mean age of the children was 9.0 (± 0.82) years. About one-third of children reported brushing at least two times per day and consuming a sweet snack once a day. Visiting a dentist during the past year was reported by 21% of children. Oral health behaviours demonstrated a significant association with the total CPQ8-10 scores (p < 0.001). Based on adjusted effects (β and 95% CI) from the multiple linear regressions, untreated dental caries (dt > 0, DT > 0) had a negative impact on the total CPQ8-10 score (adjusted β = 2.3 (95% CI: 0.67 to 3.91) and 3.4 (95% CI: 2.14 to 4.56), respectively). Decayed surfaces (DS), and teeth (DT) were associated with the total score of the CPQ8-10 and all its subscales (adjusted β range = 0.1 (95% C.I.: 0.03 to 0.19)-1.0 (95% CI: 0.72 to 1.26) and 0.2 (95% CI: 0.004 to 0.40)-1.2 (95% CI: 0.91 to 1.67), respectively). There was an association between oral hygiene index and total CPQ8-10 scores (adjusted β = 1.8 (95% CI: 0.62 to 3.02)), especially the functional limitations and emotional well-being subscales. Findings of this study emphasizes the negative impact of dental caries and poor oral hygiene on children's OHRQoL. This association is highlighted more when considering that over two-thirds of these children do not comply with favourable levels of oral health behaviour. Enhancing the level of OHRQoL among these children, therefore, necessitates comprehensive programs for decreasing the volume of unmet oral health needs and improving children's adherence to recommended oral health behaviours.

The role of GaD65, ZNTS, IA-2, and IAA as predictive biomarkers for type 1 diabetes mellitus in children

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disorder characterized by immune-mediated harm to the pancreatic β-cells that produce insulin. The four major autoantibodies implicated in the pathophysiology are insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, tyrosine phosphatase antibodies, and zinc transporter 8 antibodies. Objective We examined whether children with T1DM have particular antibodies related to T1DM and their association with clinical features. Materials and methods The study involved 60 Iraqi children who had been diagnosed with T1DM within the last 3 years, as well as a control group of 60 healthy individuals without diabetes or autoimmune diseases. Blood samples were collected from all participants to analyze the levels of serum autoantibodies, specifically insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A), and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Sandwich-ELISA). Results and conclusion The findings revealed that a significant number of patients with diabetes had elevated levels of antibodies against zinc transporter 8 (P&lt;0.001), tyrosine phosphatase (P&lt;0.001), insulin autoantibodies (P&lt;0.001), and glutamic acid decarboxylase (P&lt;0.001). Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies were found to be the most prevalent. All four biomarkers showed remarkable effectiveness in distinguishing positive and negative cases. Logistic regression analysis revealed that glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and insulin antibodies were significantly associated with the outcome, while tyrosine phosphatase and zinc transporter 8 did not show such a relationship. These findings indicate that measurements of anti-zinc transporter 8, tyrosine phosphatase, insulin autoantibodies, and glutamic acid decarboxylase could be important diagnostic markers for identifying patients with T1DM, aiding in early detection and understanding the disease process.

Genetic Insights: Examining CNTNAP2 rs7794745 Gene Polymorphism and Its Impact on ABLLS Assessment in Middle Euphrates Children in Iraq with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Objective: examine the effect of CNTNAP2 gene polymorphism on behavioral therapy response in Iraqi children with autism spectrum disorder using ABLLS-r.&#x0D; Methods: In this study, 150 samples for autism spectrum disorder were obtained from AL-SIBTEIN ACADEMY, however owing to many challenges, the final number of samples was 50 patients. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction refers to a technique that combines the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with restriction enzymes to amplify and analyze certain DNA sequences. Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to genotype the CNTNAP2 gene at rs7794745. All 25 ABLLS-R repertoires and all four primary components had their dependent parameters determined by aggregating and converting the ABLLS data to a percentage. This provided us with the proportion of finished assignments from each repertoire.&#x0D; Results: After correlating the genotype data (AA/AT/TT) with the behavioral therapy response as indicated by ABLLS-R, we only discovered a statistically significant difference between the frequency of AA/TT genotypes in the rs7794745 variant in patients and the social interaction domain. Conversely, the remaining 24 subdomains exhibited no discernible correlation.&#x0D; Conclusion: This research topic could provide significant information on targeting and categorizing which skill areas need to be developed based on genetic models' influence.