Iraqi Women Research Articles

Assessment of kisspeptin and trappin level in Iraqi women with early pregnancy loss: a cross sectional study

Background: Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is a prevalent medical condition that can have significant and long-lasting impacts on an individual's life. At present, the determination of the feasibility of initial gestation is ascertained through the measurement of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations. Notwithstanding, an elevated hCG level in women during their initial trimester who exhibit bleeding does not constantly imply a sustainable pregnancy. Kisspeptin, a well-established regulator of maturation that is widely present in the placenta, represents a valuable biomarker for the assessment of miscarriages and placental dysfunction. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain key biomarkers (namely kisspeptin, trappin, and hCG) in females who have experienced a previous miscarriage. Methods: The study included 90 participants, including 60 pregnant women having a history of abortion in the first trimester and 30 healthy individuals who attended Al Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital and Abu Ghraib Hospital Baghdad Governorate, and ranged in age from 18 to 38 years. Sera from all participants were tested to evaluate various research parameters. Results: Trappin levels were less crucial to hCG than kisspeptin levels. The risk of miscarriage decreases as kisspeptin levels increase. Conclusions: The development of a preliminary screening test aimed at identifying patients who are at risk of miscarriage could potentially offer benefits in terms of offering supplementary emotional assistance and continuation of medical care. Kisspeptin has been identified as a prospective indicator for placental performance. Kisspeptin exhibits potential as a biomarker for assessing the viability of pregnancy and holds promise for clinical utility in the development of a precise diagnostic tool for early pregnancy outcome prediction.

The Impact of Serum and Follicular Fluid Irisin on Oocyte and Embryonic Characteristics in Infertile Women Undergoing ICSI According to BMI

Background: Irisin is a recently identified myokine that acts like adipokines. It has been revealed to be connected with insulin resistance (IR), obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Objective: To investigate serum, follicular fluid (FF), irisin, and IR in lean, overweight, and obese women undergoing the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle and correlate them with oocyte and embryo quality. Methods: Ninety infertile Iraqi women aged 18 to 40 years had primary or secondary infertility. They were enrolled in this study and divided into three groups according to body mass index ranking: the first group: twenty-seven normal-weight females, the second group: thirty-five overweight females, and the third group: twenty-eight obese females. ICSI was done for them to evaluate the level of serum and follicular fluid Irisin with the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) at the day of oocyte pickup and correlate them to the outcome. Results: HOMI-IR, serum, and FF Irisin levels were significantly higher in obese people. Also, there was a significant difference between groups in regard to MII, oocyte maturity rate, grade 1 embryo, and pregnancy outcome, which was less in the obese group. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between HOMI-IR and irisin levels in serum and follicular fluid with MII oocyte count, oocyte maturity rate, embryo grade 1, and pregnancy outcome. Conclusion: Serum, follicular fluid Irisin, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in obese cases than in lean cases, which may cause a reduction in the ICSI outcome.

War is Herstory Home Front Women in the Poetry of Adnan Al-Sayegh

Woman characters abound in the poetry of the Iraqi poet, Adnan Al-Sayegh who is influenced, in his presentation of her, by three mainfactors, namely, war, political system, and patriarchal norms. Al-Sayegh’s women are essentially of four types: the mother, thelover/sweetheart, the war victim, and the working class woman.Drawing on Bamberg’s concept of ‘small stories,’ this paper is anattempt at exploring those women’s small and underrepresented storieswhich tell a lot about social, political, and economic conditions in Iraq.The paper argues that although small and unexciting, these stories doshed light on the social status and ordeals of women in Iraq. Women’s‘small stories’ are then analyzed in a number of poems that best reflectthe characteristics of each type of woman. It concludes that thesewomen’s stories which take place at home fronts are no less significantthan the stories narrated by men. Women’s stories ultimately revealpart of the unofficial and often unspoken of history of war in Iraq.

Histological Features, Risk Factors, and Classification of Breast Cancer: A Rapid Review

Breast cancer (BC) is developing from cells of breast tissue and is caused by the presence of malignant cells, which are characterized by uncontrolled cell division, leading to abnormal growth (in situ carcinoma), and their ability to invade normal tissue locally. BC's diagnosis and treatment strategies have recently improved, but the incidence rates continue to increase. Worldwide, BC is the most common cancer in women. The aim of this study is to combine histological, classification, and risk factors in a small review for easy searching by clinical researchers. Currently, there are many studies on BC in Iraq or in other regions of the world. Therefore, combining these studies in one work may give an advantage in the clinical trials of BC. In conclusion, BC is the first of the ten top cancers in Iraqi women up to 2018.

Effects of KISS1 structural polymorphism on the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive hormones in Iraqi women who take metformin.

To identify the effects of metformin and kisspeptin structural polymorphism on the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Iraqi women. Samples were collected at the family planning center of Al-Hassan Teaching Hospital (infertility clinic), Iraq. Hormonal and hematological parameters were measured. Kisspeptin structural polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using a conventional thermal cycler and Phyre2 predictions. Kisspeptin concentrations were assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was the only sex hormone that changed in women with PCOS after metformin treatment. FSH concentrations were significantly increased after therapy compared with before therapy (9.39 ± 2.1 vs 5.13 ± 1.53 IU/L). We found that a single nucleotide polymorphism substituting G to C was related to PCOS. The kisspeptin structural polymorphism showed that the C allele was related to low FSH concentrations after treatment (6.92 ± 2.2 IU/L to 5.34 ± 1.58 IU/L). Kisspeptin concentrations were significantly lower after metformin treatment than before metformin treatment (395.44 ± 67.83 vs 273.18 ± 42.98 ng/mL). A variation in the KISS1 gene or its protein structure may be involved in the development of PCOS. The response to metformin may be used as an indicator and could contribute to the early diagnosis and medical therapy of PCOS.

INDICATORS OF THE REALITY OF IRAQI WOMEN DURING THE CORONA CRISIS - AN ANALYTICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY

that Iraqi women were disproportionately affected more than men; They faced increasing risks of violence, and their incomes and livelihood were affected by virus prevention measures to a greater extent compared to men. One of the objectives of the research is to identify the indicators of women’s reality during crises (such as Qid 19) and from the conclusions through the literature and the foregoing that violence is not determined by time, place or environment. Specific and recommendations, including providing comprehensive medical aid to women victims of violence and torture by non-governmental organizations and holding seminars, conferences and workshops dealing with confronting the phenomenon of violence against women. In March 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic began to spread rapidly throughout Iraq, and in response to the new epidemic, the government imposed a complete closure, and everyone, individuals, institutions, and government offices, began to take measures necessary to curb the spread of the Corona virus. The pandemic, as well as the closure itself, had serious repercussions that weighed heavily on all segments of society, and changed the economic and social reality of the Iraqi people. The pandemic has had an adverse effect on a variety of conditions, including individuals’ employment and financial status, psychological status, family and social relationships, domestic violence, education, and health

The Role of IL-10 Gene in Abortion Incidence at the Last Pregnancy Trimester in Iraqi Women

Background: The term "abortion" refers to the removal or evacuation of an embryo or fetus to end a pregnancy. As previously mentioned, there is a relation between the IL-10 gene and abortion. Material and method: Genomic DNA was isolated from 100 samples of whole blood obtained from the vein included (50 individuals with mischarged women and 50 control individuals) with biological data collected from participants in this study. An allele-specific PCR technique used to amplify A>G (rs1800896). Results: The findings of the current study shown in Table 3 showed a clear significant difference in the parameter levels in the abortion study group. Based on the genotype frequency, the serum levels of IL-10 AA, AG, and GG increased significantly in the abortion group compared with the control (9.635.3 versus 2.0981.02 p-value 0.001), (15.363.64 versus 2.150.53 p-value 0.001), and (8.615.24 versus 2.190.72 p-value 0.002). The findings of blood pressure related to rs1800896 AA, AG, and GG genotypes in systolic blood pressure were (132.661.99 versus 1200 p-value 0.001), (133.071.34 versus 1200 p-value 0.0001), and (132.341.86 versus 1200 p-value 0.001), while in diastolic blood pressure were (90.951 versus 800, P-value 0.005),(91.341.52 versus 800 p-value 0.002), and (91.021.11 versus 800 p-value =0.001) compared with control. Conclusion: IL-10 rs181206 genetic polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of third trimester miscarriage, and also observed significant differences in IL-10 levels among different genotypes.

The Influence of Thyroid Hormones on Levels of Lipid Profile and Adipokine in Iraqi Women with Thyroid Disorders

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are prevalent endocrine diseases.These have significant implications for lipid synthesis, mobilization, and metabolism. Retinol-binding protein 4 is a new adipokine implicated in some physiological and pathological processes, such as metabolic and endocrine disorders. Its elevation aids in the diagnosis of thyroid problems. The present study includes 60 women with thyroid diseases; 30 of them have hypothyroidism and 30 have hyperthyroidism. This study includes 20 healthy women as a control group. For each participant anthropometric, biochemical Thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, lipid profile, and retinol binding protein-4 are measured. The results show that hypothyroid women have significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol as compared to the hyperthyroid or control group. The serum of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol are significantly lower in hyperthyroid women compared to the hypothyroid or control group. In addition, there are no significant differences in blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations among the three groups. Furthermore, serum retinolbinding protein-4 levels were higher in the hyperthyroid group compared to the hypothyroid or control groups. According to the findings of this study, hypothyroidism causes dyslipidemia, which raises the risk of cardiovascular disease while hyperthyroidism causes abnormalities in lipid profiles. Additionally, hyperthyroidism causes an increase in serum retinol-binding protein-4 levels in the blood.

THE POSITION OF IRAQI WOMEN PARLIAMENTARIANS ON APPROVING THE LAW ON PROTECTION FROM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (A FIELD STUDY)

In the absence of legal legislation that guarantees the rights of the family and protects it from any domestic abuse, and with the presence of fanatical parliamentary and political blocs and leaders that reject everything that would lead to a safe and fair life for all, the Anti-Domestic Violence Law in Iraq has been put forward in Parliament since 2011. It was adopted and sponsored by human rights and social bodies. Civil organizations concerned with the rights of the family and the child in particular, and set up studied frameworks for it to ensure the reduction of rumored violence and deterring those who cause violence. It was proposed by the Presidency of the Republic and sent by the Council of Ministers on August 4, 2020 to the House of Representatives, but it remained without acknowledging its obligation to reject some blocs inside the dome of Parliament on the pretext that Some of the provisions of the law contradict the principles of Islam in the upbringing of the wife and children, describing it as a destroyer of the family and a cause of the disintegration of its bonds. She has done more than that by launching campaigns to abuse the law, distort its paragraphs and intimidate people from it, while the opposite is true and the provisions of the law carry only greater regulation of social relations. And the family. Iraq today does not have any law that protects women and children, with an increase in incidents of abuse within the family against the most vulnerable groups, such as women and children. It may sometimes reach murder as a result of violence, and it comes under several justifications such as sudden death or suicide and others to escape judicial penalties. Violence is taken Gender-based violence takes many forms, including partner violence، sexual violence, and child marriage. Girls and women may also be exposed to gender-based violence when they are deprived of nutrition and education. Women and girls who are survivors of gender-based violence suffer severe long-term consequences for their lives. Their physical and psychological health, and some of them are exposed to serious physical injuries and may lose their lives. Based on all of the above, I conducted field research with some Iraqi women parliamentarians about the legislation of the law and their position towards it. During the research, it was found that some parliamentary blocs strongly oppose the legislation of the law, as they claim within it the disintegration of Muslim families and contrary to the constants of Sharia. Some of them believe that there is no infrastructure to shelter survivors of domestic violence and the need to amend some of its paragraphs

Evaluation of Serum Fetuin-A as A Possible Marker for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Among Iraqi Women; Case-control Study

Elevated levels of Fetuin-A, a protease inhibitor belonging to the cystatin family, have raised questions about its role in the pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), the most prevalent endocrinopathy in reproductive-aged females. This case-control study, conducted in Iraq, aimed to assess changes in Fetuin-A levels among Iraqi women with PCOS. A convenient sample of 90 women, comprising 45 PCOS cases and 45 healthy controls, was enrolled. Fetuin-A levels were measured and found to be significantly higher in the PCOS group compared to controls. Additionally, significant positive correlations were observed between Fetuin-A levels and fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, insulin resistance, luteinizing hormone, and serum testosterone. Using a receiver operating characteristic curve, a cutoff point of 502.00 ng/mL was determined for predicting positive Fetuin-A levels, with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.4% and 73.3%, respectively. This study suggests that Fetuin-A could serve as a valuable marker for both screening and evaluating PCOS and its potential late consequences, including metabolic syndrome.
 Highlights:
 
 
 Elevated Fetuin-A Levels: This study reveals significantly higher Fetuin-A levels in PCOS, shedding light on its potential role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome.
 
 
 Correlations with Metabolic Factors: Positive correlations between Fetuin-A and key metabolic markers like fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and luteinizing hormone highlight its relevance in the context of PCOS and metabolic health.
 
 
 Screening Potential: The identified cutoff point for predicting positive Fetuin-A levels offers a promising tool for screening and evaluating PCOS and associated late consequences, particularly metabolic syndrome.
 

Risk Factors influencing Post-Partum Depression Severity in Iraqi Women

Background: Post-partum depression (PPD) is a form of postnatal depression that affects mothers. Clinical manifestations usually appear within six months after delivery. Risk factors that influence the severity of post-partum depression are not fully known in the Iraqi population.Objectives: We aim to evaluate the risk factors and identify potential predictors that may influence the symptom levels (severity) of post-partum depression among Iraqi women from Baghdad.Subjects and Methods: The current study is cross-sectional, and we used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a cut-off value of 13 to differentiate patients into two those with lower symptom levels (LSL) and higher symptom levels (HSL). We also explored patients' attributes, newborn-related parameters, and socio-demographics.Results: The total sample included almost one hundred patients (n=101), including females with lower symptom levels (EPDS<=13, 48.51%) and others with higher symptom levels (EPDS>13, 51.49%). There were two significant risk factors of PPD, including marital problems (OR=3.60, 95% CI=1.54 to 8.41, p=0.003) and perinatal mood disturbances (OR=3.23, 95% CI=1.40 to 7.46, p=0.005). The former results are congruent with our multivariable ordinal regression, while path analysis and structural modeling conveyed an additional risk factor: the personal history of depression. ROC analysis did not convey any significant difference between the two groups (LSL versus HSL) based on age. However, mothers with HSL were older than the other group (29.19±0.88 versus 27.08±0.79, p=0.099).Conclusion: Post-partum depression with higher symptom levels is frequent among Iraqi mothers. Healthcare institutes should be vigilant concerning the underlying risk factors. Intervention requires integrating the role of social workers to understand the patient's family dynamics.

Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic upon Iraqi women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health at Primary Health Care Centers


 
 
 Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual and reproductive well-being of women.
 Methods: Employing a descriptive design with a correlational approach, the study was conducted between November 2021 and July 2022. The sample consisted of (180) women within the reproductive age range of 17 to 49 years. This non-probability 'purposive sample' was chosen deliberately. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and correlational statistics.
 Results: The investigation divulged significant findings. A considerable proportion of women (55.6%) reported being unable to access contraception during the pandemic. Moreover, (45%) experienced unintended pregnancies amid the pandemic. Additionally, concerns linked to the pandemic led to a lack of follow-up visits for (73.3%) of participants. The study also highlighted the distressing issue of domestic violence during COVID-19: Over half of the women (51.1%) reported exposure to domestic violence, attributing it to prolonged periods of their husbands staying at home. Furthermore, (51.7%) noted an escalation in domestic violence, and (38.3%) revealed that their husbands showed inadequate concern for their sexual well-being.
 Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic detrimentally affected the sexual and reproductive health of women, manifested through challenges encountered during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum phases, and family planning. Furthermore, a significant proportion of women faced an increased risk of domestic violence due to the pandemic and the extended presence of their husbands at home.
 
 

Association of TLR7 and MyD88 Gene Polymorphism with Trichomoniasis vaginalis Infection

Objective: Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and MyD88 represent important components of the innate immune response which play a crucial role in recognition of T. vaginalis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLRs and MyD88 were manifested as key determinant affecting the susceptibility to trichomoniasis. This study aims to examine the impact of two SNPs, designated rs179008 and rs4988453 in TLR7 and MyD88, respectively, on Iraqi women infected with T. vaginalis.
 Methods: Women vaginal swabs as well as blood samples were collected from 186 female patients diagnosed clinically by gynecologists. These pateints were admitting the gynecology clinics in three public hospitals in Babel governorate in Iraq. Clinical samples were obtained for molecular identification of the parasite, sequencing of the TLR7 and MyD88 genes as well as performing the corresponding immunological studies.
 Results: The PCR assays showed 40 positive women (95% CI, 15.85 to 28.11) of T. vaginalis β-tubulin gene. Genetic studies of rs179008 SNP in TLR7 showed that the mutant T allele revealed significantly more prevalence in women infected with T. vaginalis in comparison with controls (p<0.001), furthermore, AT and TT genotypes distribution were significantly greater in patients than that in controls (p<0.01). Moreover, genetic analysis of rs4988453 SNP in MyD88 demonstrated that the mutant A allele almost has close frequency between patients and controls, and the heterozygous CA and homozygous AA genotypes were almost normally distributed between controls and patients. Finally, the concentrations of TLR7 and MyD88 were significantly elevated in the majority of women patients aged between 16-40 years.
 Conclusion: The mutant allele A of rs4988453 SNP in MyD88 did not show an association with increased risk of trichomonas infection, however, the mutant allele T of rs179008 SNP in TLR7 might make women more sensitive for infection with T. vaginalis. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings and to understand the underlying involved mechanisms.

Reliability of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Congenital Anomalies of Iraqi Women

Background: Prior to birth, fetal anomalies must be identified using antenatal imaging so that during utero interventions may be planned and the baby's postpartum care can be chosen. Aim: This paper aims to study the reliability of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of congenital anomalies of Iraqi women. Patients and methods: This study was a cross-sectional study in the analysis of the reliability of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of congenital anomalies of Iraqi women in the Baghdad-Iraq from 17th August 2021 to 24th May 2022. The collected data of the MRI technique for using with congenital anomalies of Iraqi women was analysed into 90 patients by the SPSS program. Results and Discussion: 26 participants (28.89%) in our study had hydrocephalus. As a result, MRI can be used in addition to ultrasonography to diagnose embryonic genitourinary abnormalities, particularly in cases of oligohydramnios. In one instance of the diaphragm eventration, MRI was helpful in making the diagnosis. In 70 cases, MRI was successful; in the other 20, it was not. Our findings indicated that CNS received helpful information with 66% and without useful information with 34%, Gut received useful information with 77% and without useful information with 33%, and Multiple received useful information with 57% and without useful information with 43%. Conclusion: According to the findings, MRI showed the highest scored for detecting ventriculomegaly and the worst score for detecting cerebral haemorrhage and cortical abnormalities. Additionally, our study discovered that prenatal MRI has become a more potent tool for detecting fetal defects when ultrasound results are insufficient or equivocal.

Knowledge and practice regarding prevention of osteoporosis among Iraqi women

Background: Osteoporosis is known to cause long-acting disability. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, and preventive practice among women attending the primary health centers (PHC) in Al Ramadi City, west of Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and March 2022. A simple random sampling technique was recruited to collect samples using face-to-face interviews of women during the routine visit to PHCs. Univariate and bivariate were used to analyze the data. The statistical package for the social sciences was used for data analysis. Results: Two hundred and fifty women were interviewed with a mean age of 37.9 ±11.3 years. The majority of them were married (87.0%), and unemployed or housewives (66.0%). Although, most of the participants heard about osteoporosis (238, 95.2%), and the possibility to cause pain before the occurrence of fracture (67.6%), the average knowledge score on osteoporosis was 55.75 ± 18.87. Furthermore, the surveyed women reported that practices of sunlight exposure (p=0.000), calcium-rich foods (p=0.003), and Vitamin D supplementation (p=0.022) are significantly related to reducing the risk of Osteoporosis. Healthcare providers played a significant role to support women with osteoporosis-related knowledge. Conclusion: Although most women heard about the disease, their level of knowledge was modest, which might affect the measures necessary to prevent the disease.

The Effect of HNF1A Gene Polymorphism on the Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Sample of Iraqi Women

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of female infertility. Clinical features caused by high levels of androgens, oligomenorrhea, and polycystic ovarian morphology are necessary for diagnosis. This study aims to find a relationship between the genetic polymorphism of HNF1A and the risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Sample of Iraqi Women. The study includes one hundred subjects of Iraqi women in Baghdad (15-35 years); patients were divided into three groups. The first group included Patients treated with metformin, the second group included Patients without metformin, and the third group included healthy. DNA was extracted, then the Genotyping polymorphism (rs1169288) of the HNF1A gene was done by RT-PCR. The AA genotype showed a higher frequency in control (p=0.001), while the CC genotype showed a higher frequency in the patients (p= 0.0001). Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), genetic polymorphism, HNF1A protein, Glucose and lipid profile.

Convolutional Neural Networks for breast cancer detection using regions of interest from infrared images

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Iraq and worldwide. The incidence in young women has been increasing over the years, and the gold standard test for diagnosis, mammography, is contraindicated for people under 40. Thermography appears in this scenario as a promising technique for early detection and a higher survival rate in this group of women. The analysis of thermographic images by Convolutional Neural Networks has good results in increasing the reliability and sensitivity of diagnoses. This work uses the Densenet201 and Resnet50 networks based on 72 images of different patients, 38 of whom are sick and 38 healthy. These images underwent pre-processing before being analyzed, and in one of the pre-processing steps, there was a manual clipping of only the region of interest of the breasts, intending to evaluate whether detection is superior to the image whole. The best average accuracy rate was obtained with the Densenet201 network, learning rate of 0.001 and 30 epochs, which reached 89%. Regarding the F1-score, the network with the best performance was Resnet50, with a learning rate of 0.0001 and 30 epochs, which reached 76%.

Impact of Papillomavirus Infections on Immunoglobulin Levels and Cytokine Correlations in Iraqi Women: A Study from January to August 2022

Impact of Papillomavirus Infections on Immunoglobulin Levels and Cytokine Correlations in Iraqi Women: A Study from January to August 2022

The rights of Iraqi women between legislation and application A survey of a sample of Iraqi women journalists

The talk about women's rights is one of the new old words. It is renewed despite all the divine religions and the laws enacted by the Holy Quran. The Quran has distinguished women in the importance of respecting their rights and honoring them. The care and respect of women is one of the most important rules in Islamic legislation that affirms this right in all fields but in the ground, these heavenly laws are transformed into verses that we read and do not work with, and the laws are reserved for materials between the books and on the shelves of libraries without finding those who apply them. In many institutions today, governmental and educational, even when they are headed by those with a religious character, those who ignore these rights have been the media women most affected by this subject because of the harassment and abuse even from their colleagues in the work because they do not understand the importance of their existence or because they consider them to contend with the place, which is a very late view of women. The media despite the call for freedom of expression and members of paragraphs of it in the Constitution, It gives the opportunity to express its opinion, but that there are many advocates of women's rights are the most people in their application has spread the latest phenomenon of violence is strange to our Muslim community, which works with the Koran and the Sunnah of the noble Prophet and women in many environments in our society, From this point of view, the idea of research on women's rights comes from legislation and application from the point of view of media. The research relies on the survey method through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of Iraqi women journalists belonging to multiple generations to find out their views and attitudes on the reality of the application of these legislations and laws that guarantee the rights woman Keywords: women's rights, legislation, laws, Iraqi women journalists, survey study.

The Relationship between Serum Concentration of Steroid and Thyroid Hormones with Breast Cancer in Iraqi Women

The Relationship between Serum Concentration of Steroid and Thyroid Hormones with Breast Cancer in Iraqi Women