Of 1,101 consecutive primary femoral hernia repairs performed at Shouldice Hospital, Toronto, during the twenty-five year period between January 1, 1945 and January 1, 1970, 687 were performed in men and 414 in women. There were 362 instances of ipsilateral primary inguinal hernia in men and only 48 in women, so that 325 primary femoral hernia repairs alone were performed in men and 366 in women. The association of primary inguinal and femoral hernia in men is discussed in detail with particular reference to age incidence and inguinal hernia type and the influence of these factors on the type of femoral hernia repair performed. The technic of a modified “low” repair is described. There were nine femoral recurrences and six inguinal recurrences, giving an over-all recurrence rate of 2.2 per cent.