Concrete is widely used in modern civil engineering due to its high compressive strength, abundance of raw materials, and simple production process. However, its brittleness makes it vulnerable to environmental factors, leading to cracks that impact its durability. Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology has emerged as a promising solution, offering environmental benefits, real-time repair capabilities, and reduced manual intervention. This study focuses on enhancing the efficiency of calcium sources by identifying a strain with calcium ion adsorption abilities and pairing it with a mineralizing bacterium rich in urease production. Microorganisms were immobilized in a microcapsule using a cellulose-based material to explore the potential of cellulosic gel as a bacterial carrier. The gel was prepared through a sol-gel transformation process, incorporating a porogen to create a porous structure. Microcapsules with a particle size of 2.5–3.0 mm were successfully produced, enhancing their mechanical strength by 88.29 %. Examination of the microscopic structure of the cellulosic gel demonstrated its strong immobilization capacity for bacterial spores. The self-repairing effect of the gel on cracks was particularly effective under water curing conditions at 30–40 °C. After 28 days, cracks up to 0.3 mm wide were repaired, with a repair rate exceeding 90 % for cracks 0.1–0.2 mm wide.