Involvement Of Women Research Articles

From global trends to local realities: understanding women's political involvement for Indonesia's democratic progress

The urgency of this research lies in the need to understand the trends, contributions, and dynamics of women's political participation globally. This article aims to map studies that focus on women's political participation. Research methods include bibliometric analysis with data sources from the Scopus database. The study's findings reflect significant growth in women's political participation research, especially in recent years, with distribution varying by country and research theme. The research findings also show that although there are themes that have received attention, there are still areas that need to be explored further, such as intersectionality, gender equality, gender, and the impact of social media that provide insight into the complexity of women's political participation issues. This study recommends the need for increased research and local understanding of the factors influencing women's political participation in Indonesia to strengthen women's role in politics by learning from other countries that have successfully implemented inclusive policies. In addition, by involving various parties, including the government, research institutions, and civil society, Indonesia can create an environment that supports, empowers, and encourages women's political participation optimally. The implications of these findings not only help shape academic discourse, but also lay the foundation for concrete efforts to achieve gender equality and women's empowerment in the wider political sphere.

Ameliorating the profound gender wage gap in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry among the APEC members: The could and should

This research aims to discover the challenges and propose effective strategies to empower women by ameliorating the gender wage gap in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry among the APEC members. The study applied document review analysis and conducted focus group discussions, where thirty female professionals in the AEC industry from APEC participated. The results report four challenges contributing to the gender wage gap, namely gender bias and stereotyping, work-family conflicts, physical strength and lack of transparency. Based on the challenges, the study suggests several key strategies focusing on women's participation in the AEC industry, encouraging gender-friendly workplaces, healthy and safe workplaces, and fair career development opportunities to reduce the gender wage gap effectively. The findings suggest that by increasing awareness of the value of women's involvement in the AEC industry, pragmatic policies should be formulated for APEC members to break down the barriers to the gender wage gap.

The Role of Women in East Kalimantan's Economic Growth

Gender equality is essential because it indicates justice and equality for men and women with the same rights, obligations, and opportunities, resulting in economic growth in the region and country. This study aims to analyze the effects of women's roles: the gender development index (GDI), the gender empowerment index (GEI), the percentage of women as professionals (PWP), the mean years of schooling for women (MYSW), and the women's life expectancy (WLE), on economic growth in East Kalimantan. This study used secondary data from Statistics of East Kalimantan Province (BPS). This data was analyzed using panel data regression covering from 2017 to 2021 from 10 cities/regencies in East Kalimantan. The findings indicate that GEI significantly influences economic growth in East Kalimantan, whereas GDI, PWP, MYSW, and WLE do not significantly affect economic growth. This lack of impact can be attributed to women's limited involvement and participation in various sectors, including economics, education, and health. Consequently, programs aimed at enhancing GDI, PWP, MYSW, and WLE have not translated into tangible economic growth in East Kalimantan. To address this, local governments and stakeholders in East Kalimantan must increase women's participation in political spheres such as parliament and higher education, ensure access to healthcare, and fortify regulations and institutions promoting women's rights, fostering regional economic growth

Sailing the ocean of nature: Francesca Fontana Aldrovandi in early modern Bologna

ABSTRACT The history of science is increasingly directing its attention to the diachronic examination of women's involvement within spaces dedicated to scientific inquiry. While this field of study boasts rich and meticulous historiography, delving into the sixteenth century leaves the impression of encountering either a noticeable absence of women in the realm of natural history or an underexplored period in this regard. Undoubtedly, within the Italian context of the time, the cultural milieu shaped by the Counter-Reformation further heightened the social challenges faced by women. Notwithstanding these challenges, a noteworthy female figure emerges in the latter half of the sixteenth century – Francesca Fontana, the second wife of the natural history scholar Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605). From an overall view of the sources, Fontana seems to assume a pivotal role in the realization of collections and works attributed to the eminent naturalist. This study aims to delineate the role played by Fontana within Aldrovandi's ‘officina naturale.’ By examining the available documents in a chronological order, my aim is to provide insights into the evolution of her education and her practical and technical skills, harnessed in the pursuit of her husband's enterprises and scholarly contributions.

Social-Cultural Factors and Women’s Participation in Higher Educational Leadership in Mogadishu, Somalia

Participation of women in leadership, particularly in higher education is an issue that attracts global attention from educational practitioners. The SDG 5 data shows that the world is not on track to achieve gender equality by 2030. Women’s representation in positions of power and decision-making remains below parity. Women’s participation in government, research, and resource management remains far from equitable to that of men. It is with this background that this study sought to investigate the relationship between social-cultural factors and women's involvement in higher educational leadership in Mogadishu, Somalia. The social feminist theory is employed to theoretically anchor the study. Pearson's correlational design was employed. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequencies, and percentages were used while Pearson correlational analysis was used to establish correlations. The findings revealed that social-cultural factors (r = -0.631, p<0.05) had a negative and significant relationship with women's participation in higher educational leadership. The study concluded that social and cultural factors contribute significantly to the decrease in women's participation in higher educational leadership in Somalia. The study recommends that university management should discourage gender stereotyping when it comes to leadership by encouraging and training employees to adopt a universal leadership mindset.

Women's involvement in terrorism in Indonesia (A study of nirmilitary defence strategies to counter the threat of terrorism by involving women)

The phenomenon of women's involvement in acts of terrorism around the world is growing, including acts of terrorism in Indonesia that use women as suicide bombers. Terrorism crimes are included in non-military threats so that they must be faced with non- military strategies. In this case, BNPT is the leading sector in implementing non-military strategies to prevent women from being involved in terrorism and also deradicalisation efforts for prisoners, deportees and returnees. The purpose of this study is to analyse how the motives and factors of women can be involved in terrorism and how the non-military defence strategy to overcome women's involvement in terrorism. The research method used is qualitative which is conducted by using desk review technique. The results show that there are two opinions found to be the root cause of women's involvement in terrorism, the first is patriarchy culture and women as victims. But the tendency in Indonesia that occurs is women as victims, the powerlessness of women who are bound by patriarchal culture, the limited insight they have is also the reason so that women are victims of terrorism itself, the findings of the other root of the problem are social inequality or economic problems. Non-military strategy can be implemented by increasing awareness and education for women with a religious approach, economic empowerment, and also women's equality.

Exploring the Gender Disparity in Sports Participation: A Qualitative Analysis of Women's Limited Engagement in Sports in Bangladesh

Gender equality is the subject of Sustainable Development Goal 5, one of the UN's 17 objectives. Assuring women's full and effective involvement and equitable opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic, and public life is the emphasis of SDG target 5.5. In Bangladesh, there is still a significant gender gap in sports participation, which limits women's access to physical activity, personal growth, and social empowerment, a major hindrance to achieving SDGs within 2030. In Bangladesh, there is still a significant gender gap in sports participation, which limits women's access to physical activity, personal growth, and social empowerment, a major hindrance to achieving SDGs within 2030. The research aims to uncover the socio-cultural, institutional, and psychological barriers hampering women's active sports involvement through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and content analysis. The study finds that traditional gender norms and societal expectations emerged as significant barriers to women's sports participation, and parental attitudes and support has been identified as major issues in enabling girls to participate in sports. Limited access to training facilities, coaching, and competitions specifically tailored for women hindered their progress, and the importance of mentors and role models was underscored throughout the study.

Women in Politics - A comparative Analysis of Gender Quotas in Different Countries

In order to evaluate the efficacy of gender quotas in boosting women's representation and involvement in politics, this research paper compares the implementation and results of these policies in a number of different nations. Through an analysis of the legal structures, cultural backgrounds, and implementation strategies supporting gender quotas across a range of nations, this research aims to comprehend the disparities in the rates of success in attaining gender parity in political institutions. The study assesses the effects of various quota types (legislated vs. voluntary party quotas) and the influence of both internal and foreign forces on these policies using qualitative and quantitative analysis. Furthermore, the research delves into the opposition and criticism directed towards gender quotas, in addition to their enduring consequences on the political terrain.

Women in Plastic Surgery Innovation: A 10-Year Review of Gender Representation in Mammary Device Patents.

This study aims to pioneer in evaluating women's representation in plastic surgery innovations, focusing on mammary prosthesis devices' inventorship. Despite growing gender parity in the field, women's involvement in innovation remains underexplored. This is especially crucial, as the predominant recipients of these innovative technologies are women, urging a necessity for broader female engagement in pioneering surgical advancements. Patents under the "A61F2/12: Mammary prostheses and implants" classification between the dates January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, were identified using Google Patents Advanced. Inclusion criteria included patents (not designs) in English and applications (not grants), with no litigation limitations. Data collected included ID, title, assignee (categorized as industry, academic, private, individual), inventors, and dates (priority, filing, and publication). Sex of inventors was identified with the literature validated gender API, with manual resolution of unresolved genders or with ga_accuracy scores of less than 75%. Data were analyzed using 2-tailed Student t tests, χ2 analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient (significance set at P ≤ 0.05). Of the more than 130,000 plastic surgery patents in English identified between the 10-year period, 1355 were classified as A61F2/12. A total of 374 unique patents were included for analysis (841 duplicates were removed, and 140 patents were excluded because of non-English character author names). There was a significant increase in patents over the decade (from 15 in 2011 to 88 in 2020, R2 = 0.74, P < 0.05), with a decrease in number of inventors per patent (R2 = 0.12, P < 0.05). Of the 1102 total inventors, 138 were female (11.2%), with a 4-fold increase in representation over the decade (R2 = 0.58, P < 0.05), including increase in patents filed with a woman first inventor (0%-14.8%). Women were equally likely to be first 3 inventors versus middle to last inventors (12.8% vs 11.1%, respectively). Over a decade, mammary device innovations rose significantly. Although women inventors' representation improved, it remains disproportionate compared with women in residency/practice. Hence, interventions should aim to align inventor representation with training ratios, through institutional optimization, reducing gender segmentation, and enhancing funding opportunities.

"It Looks Good on Paper, But It Was Never Meant to Be Real": Mixed-Gender Events in the Paralympic Movement.

Although the Paralympic Games have been around for over 60years, women remain underrepresented in almost all aspects of the Paralympic Movement. It has been suggested that a way to increase women's involvement is through the implementation of mixed-gender events. On paper, this approach makes sense. However, when it comes to the implementation of mixed-gender opportunities for women, it is less clear how effective these events are in increasing participation by women in Para sport. Through document analysis and interviews with athletes and organizers of mixed-gender Paralympic sport, we explore the various strategies that four mixed-gender sports have used to address the issue of gender parity. Using critical feminist theories, we illustrate how larger social, political, and cultural ideas about gender influence women's experiences within these events and discuss the potential of using mixed-gender initiatives to address gender parity within the Paralympic Movement.

Ameliorating the profound gender wage gap in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry among the APEC members: The could and should

This research aims to discover the challenges and propose effective strategies to empower women by ameliorating the gender wage gap in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry among the APEC members. The study applied document review analysis and conducted focus group discussions, where thirty female professionals in the AEC industry from APEC participated. The results report four challenges contributing to the gender wage gap, namely gender bias and stereotyping, work-family conflicts, physical strength and lack of transparency. Based on the challenges, the study suggests several key strategies focusing on women's participation in the AEC industry, encouraging genderfriendly workplaces, healthy and safe workplaces, and fair career development opportunities to reduce the gender wage gap effectively. The findings suggest that by increasing awareness of the value of women's involvement in the AEC industry, pragmatic policies should be formulated for APEC members to break down the barriers to the gender wage gap.

INVEST IN WOMEN

Investing in women can accelerate progress across various sectors, including economic growth, education, healthcare, political participation, technology, and gender equality. Supporting women entrepreneurs stimulates job creation and innovation, while investing in girls' education leads to long-term societal benefits. Improved healthcare access for women enhances maternal and child health outcomes, and promoting women's involvement in politics fosters inclusive decision-making. In STEM fields, investing in women drives innovation, and initiatives for gender equality address issues like discrimination and violence. Ultimately, investing in women is not only a matter of social justice but also a strategic investment for economic and social advancement

Performance Effectiveness Analysis of KOTAKU Activity Management Unit in the Revolving Fund Loan Program in Tanjung Village, Labuhan Haji District, East Lombok Regency

The research aims to determine the effectiveness of the performance of UPK KOTAKU revolving fund loans in Tanjung Village, Labuhan Haji District, East Lombok Regency in 2022, as seen from Cost Coverage Ratio (CCr), Return On Investment (ROI), Portfolio at Risk (PAR), and Loan at Risk (LAR ), number of women's KSM members. Descriptive research method with a quantitative approach. The KSM research sample consisted of 38 KSM members and female KSM members. Data analysis involved gathering data in the field using CCr, ROI, PAR, LAR, and women's involvement. Research results: (1) Implementation of the UPK Amanah Tanjung revolving fund loan program is not effective; (2) Women's KSMs made loans to UPK Amanah Tanjung with a yield of 350%, indicating it was effective.

Women in Political Party Recruitment in Japan: A Comparative Study of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP)

&lt;em&gt;This research will shed light on the role of women in political parties in Japan. Japanis still in 125th position out of 146 countries in the World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Index (GGI) Report 2023. This puts Japan at the bottom among developed countries. Even though various policies related to gender equality have been taken by the Japanese government. Politics as an instrument of democracy should ideally play a role in the promotion and campaign of gender equality in Japan. The ruling LDP (Liberal Democratic Party) and the opposition CDP (Constitutional Democratic Party) also played the issue of gender equality as part of efforts to respond to women's public. The response of political parties can certainly be traced to how political parties recruit and place women in party and parliamentary structures. This is the purpose of this study, to find out how the LDP and CDP recruit and candidacy women in their respective parties as an effort to realize gender equality. Using qualitative methods and party recruitment perspectives, it was found that both LDP and CDP provide space for women's involvement in their political parties. Although the LDP in the recruitment of women still uses a conservative and exclusive approach, the CDP is more progressive and inclusive. And also both, the LDP and CDP both consider the capital and political motivations of each female candidate. However, neither of them has made the affirmative quota policy effective within his party&lt;/em&gt;

The Role of the Matahari Women's Group in Forest Area Management through the Village Forest Scheme in the Social Forestry Program in Sekabuk Village, Sadaniang District, Mempawah Regency.

This study aims to determine the role of Sekabuk Village women's involvement in managing forest areas through the Social Forestry Program (PS). The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The data source in the study was obtained through semi-structural, in-depth interviews with 7 key informants, which were determined through purposive sampling techniques. The writing of this thesis aims to provide an understanding of the implementation of social forestry programs involving the role of women in Sekabuk Village. The problem of the lack of involvement of women in resource management around the area that occurs in Sekabuk Village is quite interesting to study, considering that most of the Sekabuk Village area is a forest area. Based on the research conducted, the participation of women in Sekabuk Village was obtained through granting forest management rights by issuing group decrees, increasing women's capacity by providing training, developing forest-based economic businesses for women's groups, providing women's empowerment in forest area management, and conducting supervision and evaluation. So, the role of Sekabuk Village women in playing an active role in forest area management was revealed.

Male Ulama Reinterpretation of the Gender Hadith in Indonesian Socio Cultural Contexts

It is very important to reread and reinterpret of the religious texts related to gender and women's issues by considering the socio-cultural context of Muslim communities. This article focuses on discussing Qira’ah Mubadalah or reciprocal interpretation initiated by Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir, a male feminist ulama who was influenced by the empirical reality of Indonesian Muslim society. With a qualitative approach, the data in this article were obtained from the Qira’ah Mubadalah book and the Mubadalahi.id website. This article finds that the idea of Mubadalah with the concepts and principles of mutuality and partnership between men and women is based on religious texts which place men and women as the subjects of the text. Narratives about women's involvement at the beginning of Islam in the 7th century and the role of Indonesian women in the educational, social and political fields since the 17th century have become the spirit and inspiration to fight for gender equality. In the hadith of the Prophet, the basic principles of mutuality are based on the values of brotherhood, commitment to doing well, compassion, mutual communication and helping each other. Furthermore, to find the principles and values of mutuality and partnership between men and women in Islamic teachings, a thematic study was carried out by referring to the Quran and other hadiths of the same theme, understanding the text contextually and inclusively, considering the validity of the hadith, and refers to authoritative hadith books. The involvement of men in rereading religious texts is more easily accepted by the Muslim community because it is not confrontational, does not criticize but rather provides alternative interpretation options that are accommodating to differences in interpretation among Muslims. Rereading of gender-just religious texts needs to be done as a prerequisite for realizing a just and equal society for men and women in the Muslim community.

Pengaruh Kesehatan Reproduksi Wanita dan Pemberdayaan Wanita Terhadap Tingkat Partisipasi Angkatan Kerja Wanita di Indonesia

This study aims to find out and analyze how the influence of women's reproductive health and women's empowerment on the participation rate of the female workforce in Indonesia. This study used secondary data sourced from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics with the research variables grouped into two parts, namely the bond variable which in this study was determined as the female labor force participation rate and the independent variables consisting of women's life expectancy, young women's marriage, female mother, female education level, female per capita income and female involvement in parliament. This study uses panel data regression analysis with the selected method, namely the Common Effect Model (CEM). The results showed that women's life expectancy, young women's marriage, women's fertility rates and women's involvement in parliament each had a negative and insignificant effect on women's labor force participation. Women's education level has a negative and significant effect on female labor force participation and women's per capita income has a positive and significant effect on female labor force participation.

Determinants of Women in Post- Production Agri-value Chain Activities on Group Participation in Njoro and Molo Sub-counties, Nakuru County, Kenya

The Kenyan government has been promoting group participation to enhance agricultural productivity through marketing and financial access to improve livelihoods. Groups have also been valued for their ability to foster social capital and collective actions. However, women's involvement in these groups has not been primarily focused on and taken seriously. Although previous researchers have clearly shown the importance of group participation, the determinants of group participation by women agri-preneurs is still unknown. This article therefore, determined the factors influencing women participation in groups in Njoro and Molo Sub-counties, Nakuru County. A multistage sampling technique was employed. Njoro and Molo Sub-counties in Nakuru County, Kenya between March and August 2023.The study sampled 267 female agri-preneurs, both group participants and non-participants. Data processing was done using STATA and SPSS software. The Binary Logit regression model determined the factors influencing women participation in groups. The major factors influencing women agri-preneurs’ participation in groups included: Previous experience about group membership, the size of agribusiness enterprise in terms of income and ability of the female agri-preneur to access and borrow the loan at 95% confidence level. : Previous experience about group membership (P=.000), the size of agribusiness enterprise in terms of income (P=.000) and ability of the female agri-preneur to access and borrow the loan (P=.002) were statistically significant in (P&lt;.05) to their participation in groups. Previous experience about group membership, the size of agribusiness enterprise in terms of income and ability of the female agri-preneur to access and borrow the loan positively influences women participation in groups. This can be attributed to more experience, skills, knowledge and attitude that female agri-preneurs get as they involve more in previous groups and the accessibility of the resources needed to manage their post- production activities.

The Role of Women Involvement in Healthcare Sector and its Impact on Their Socioeconomic Development in Kabul, Afghanistan

This study investigates the socioeconomic status and discrimination experienced by women in the healthcare sector in Kabul. Through a comprehensive survey, data was collected on household income, job satisfaction, career progression, and instances of gender-based discrimination. Findings indicate a moderate household income level with variations among respondents. Women with higher incomes tend to perceive their earnings aligning with qualifications. Additionally, the study uncovers a nuanced relationship between years of employment, satisfaction, and stability. Gender-based discrimination remains a concern, impacting reporting comfort and influencing perceptions of professional development opportunities. Correlation analyses reveal positive links between beliefs in equal career opportunities, job stability, diverse job roles, and satisfaction. The study suggests interventions to address discrimination, enhance career opportunities, and improve financial literacy.

Sociological Review of Women Participation in Social Movements of Nepal

This article applies social structural approach to analyze women's involvement in social and political movements. It studies feminist movement of the world, and draws conclusion on the history and contemporary state of women as participants of movement sin Nepal. It reviews some theoretical articles written by foreign scholars by giving equal emphasis to Nepali writers' articles to review the evolution of women participation in movements in Nepal. Throughout the paper, feminist movement in common and issues of women exclusion in particular are discussed. Women issues or the feminist movements are often taken as lightly, but the paper believes that women participation in social and political movements of Nepal is attached more to class component than the purely qualitative component like social exclusion. To be specific, middle-class women in Nepal are the pioneers of women's rights movement, and have contributed a lot to ensure women rights both in legal and political areas. Rights and privileges given to women both constitutionally and politico-culturally, basically from the 1990s in Nepal, and the benefit women have received in the fields of education, health, politics, employment, marriage, property, etc. are the results of middle-class women's actively leading role in political movements.