Invisible Parts Research Articles

Small Things, Micro-Affirmations and Helpful Professionals Everyday Recovery-Orientated Practices According to Persons with Mental Health Problems

The aim of this study is to present concrete descriptions of the content in the construction of helpful relationships with staff, according to users. Starting with the re-occurring concept of the meaning of “little things” in recovery studies, a literature review was done. A thematic analysis shows that small things play an important role in improving a person’s sense of self. Small things seem to be an invisible but effective parts of a recovery-orientated practice, but they might be defined as unprofessional and their efficacy negated.

The scientific hypothesis of an “energy system” in the human body

This paper proposed the scientific hypothesis that human beings have an “energy system” inside their body and put forward the necessity to propose the hypothesis. In details, this paper explained the hypothesis from its existence, composition, functions, and possible verifying methods. This paper argues that the human body includes both visible and invisible parts. The former is the material system and the latter is the energetic system. As matter and energy can be converted into each other, it is important to study the human body from the perspective of both the material and energetic systems, which can complement each other. The nature of the energetic system is different from that of the material system. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) perspective is based on energy; therefore, extending research on the human energy system may lead to the establishment of a modern TCM research field that is firmly grounded in the principles of TCM. Such a research field might generate novel findings.

Automatic Spatially Varying Illumination Recovery of Indoor Scenes Based on a Single RGB-D Image.

We propose an automatic framework to recover the illumination of indoor scenes based on a single RGB-D image. Unlike previous works, our method can recover spatially varying illumination without using any lighting capturing devices or HDR information. The recovered illumination can produce realistic rendering results. To model the geometry of the visible and invisible parts of scenes corresponding to the input RGB-D image, we assume that all objects shown in the image are located in a box with six faces and build a planar-based geometry model based on the input depth map. We then present a confidence-scoring based strategy to separate the light sources from the highlight areas. The positions of light sources both in and out of the camera's view are calculated based on the classification result and the recovered geometry model. Finally, an iterative procedure is proposed to calculate the colors of light sources and the materials in the scene. In addition, a data-driven method is used to set constraints on the light source intensities. Using the estimated light sources and geometry model, environment maps at different points in the scene are generated that can model the spatial variance of illumination. The experimental results demonstrate the validity and flexibility of our approach.

Recycling, Reinvesting and Revaluing

This article explores the topic of immateriality by examining what often remains invisible or is left out. I will discuss Brussels-based performing artist Sarah Vanhee's Oblivion following Bojana Kunst's discourse on the dissolving division between life and art. During an entire year, Vanhee kept all her leftovers in forty-six moving boxes. She preserved all her life traces that would normally go into oblivion. In her performance, she unpacks each object and places it neatly on the dance floor. These waste elements, or leftovers, have now become performance elements. Also the immaterial aspects of her yearlong work and life did not go to waste. Every material and immaterial component of the yearlong process remains visible in the outcome. The performance directs our attention to those things that easily disappear into oblivion by making them visible, revaluing and reinvesting them. I suggest that Oblivion is not at all about leftovers, as it explicitly does not leave anything out. In my reading of Vanhee's work, Oblivion demonstrates how intimately work, life and art are intertwined, thus obscuring the boundaries of process and product. I thus approach the theme of leftovers not so much in its literal sense of excess material, but rather as the immaterial aspects within the artistic process without which the outcome would not have been the same. This article thus explores those leftovers that are in fact not so much surplus, for they are crucial yet often invisible parts of the puzzle.

Visible and invisible stimulus parts integrate into global object representations as revealed by combining monocular and binocular rivalry.

Our visual system faces the challenging task to construct integrated visual representations from the visual input projected on our retinae. Previous research has provided mixed evidence as to whether visual awareness of the stimulus parts is required for such integration to occur. Here, we address this issue by taking a novel approach in which we combine a monocular rivalry stimulus (i.e., a bistable rotating cylinder) with binocular rivalry. The results of Experiment 1 show that in a rivalry condition, where one half of the cylinder is perceptually suppressed, significantly more perceptual switches occur that are consistent with visual integration of the whole cylinder than occur in a control condition, where only half of the cylinder is presented at a time and the presentation of the two images is physically alternated. In Experiment 2, stimulation in the observer's dominant eye was kept dominant by presenting the half cylinder in this eye at higher contrast and by surrounding it with a flickering context. Results show that the strong convexity bias that was found in a control condition, where no stimulus was presented in the suppressed eye, almost completely disappears when the unseen half is presented in the suppressed eye, indicating that both halves visually integrate and, subsequently, compete for convexity. These findings provide evidence that unseen visual information is biased towards a representation that is congruent with the current visible representation and, hence, that principles of perceptual organization also apply to parts of the visual input that remain unseen by the observer.

Can people talk together about their practices? Focus groups, humour and the sensitive dynamics of everyday life

The exploration of everyday social practices related to sustainability often touches on the most invisible parts of people's everyday lives. Given the multiple cultural forces that govern cleanliness and comfort, and the intimate spheres in which these practices are performed, practices associated with everyday water use (and associated energy consumption) bump up against ‘the taboo’. While it has been resolved that ‘people can talk about their practices’ in interviews, a range of other methods – including CCTV, video and other data to survey and document practices in homes – are increasingly being used. As we delve theoretically closer to these public/private boundaries with new studies on social practices and sustainability, greater attention to the ethics of methods is needed. Different ‘talk'‐based methodologies such as focus groups that could allow researchers to work more ethically with the strong moral sensitivities of certain domestic practices have not yet been considered. This paper explores six focus groups on ‘bodies, clothes, dirt and cleanliness’ that took place in Lancaster, UK. Reflecting on researcher positionality, and results of a follow‐up survey with participants, the paper concludes that focus groups, humour and laughter enable intimately political conversations about aspects of everyday practices that might be difficult to access or articulate through other research methods. The implications of using conversational humour and laughter as purposeful tools for exploring particular aspects of everyday social practices is also explored. This paper responds to recent calls for greater consideration of fieldwork and methodologies related to gender and embodiment within human geography, and on the ethics and politics of everyday life research.

Application of image processing and different types of imaging devices for three-dimensional imaging of coal grains

Precise particle size measurements are important in many aspects of engineering geology, e.g. in mineral processing and the study of methane hazard in coal mines. The volume of grains, estimated exclusively on the basis of dimensions of the grains differs tens of percent from the volume obtained from 3D digital measurements. This confirms that full three-dimensional automatic imaging can be used in the measurements of the particles.The paper discusses the technique of three-dimensional imaging performed with the use of three types of devices. Coal particles representing the 0.5–1.0mm grain fraction were chosen as the research material. The measurements were performed by means of: X-ray computed tomography, confocal microscopy and optical profilometry. The last two techniques are less costly and more easily available than computed tomography.For the X-ray CT scanner, full three-dimensional imaging was performed. In the case of the other two techniques, only those parts of the particles that were captured by the heads of the relevant devices in question were measured. The invisible parts of the particle were reconstructed with the assumption that the bottom part of the particle is similar (in some scale) to the top part of the particle. The results obtained by means of X-ray CT scanner were used as the correct volume and size values.The results indicate that measurements carried out carefully and with use of the more easily available and less costly equipment, combined with careful data processing, can be used instead of methods that are expensive and harder to employ. The percentage deviation between the volume calculated with use of the data obtained with the X-ray CT scanner and the volume calculated with use of the data obtained with the other two devices varies from 0.2% to ca. 5%.

$C^1$-Robust Topologically Mixing Solenoid-Like Attractors and Their Invisible Parts

The aim of this paper is to discuss statistical attractors of skew products over the solenoid which have an $m$-dimensional compact orientable manifold $M$ as a fiber and their $\varepsilon$-invisible parts, i.e. a sizable portion of the attractor in which almost all orbits visit it with average frequency no greater than $\varepsilon$.We show that for any $n \in \mathbb{N}$ large enough, there exists a ball $D_n$ in thespace of skew products over the solenoid with the fiber $M$ such that each $C^2$-skewproduct map from $D_n$ possesses a statistical attractor with an $\varepsilon$-invisible part,whose size of invisibility is comparable to that of the whole attractor. Also, itconsists of structurally stable skew product maps.In particular, small perturbations of these skew products in the space of all diffeomorphisms still have attractors with the same properties.\\Our construction develops the example of (Ilyashenko \& Negut, 2010) to skew products over the solenoidwith an $m$-dimensional fiber, $m \geq 2$.As a consequence, we provide a class of local diffeomorphisms acting on$S^1 \times M$ such that each map of this class admits a robustly topologically mixing maximal attractor.

Body, mind, and spirit

In many languages, terms denoting the human body and its parts constitute a closed subclass of nouns with special grammatical properties. Many if not all parts of the human body may acquire dimensions of meanings with ethnographic importance. I focus on a tri-partite division of visible and invisible parts of a human and their attributes in Manambu, a Ndu language spoken in the East Sepik province of Papua New Guinea. The trichotomy of ‘body’ (səp), ‘mind’ (mawul) and ‘spirit’ (kayik) in Manambu reflects a culturally embedded conceptualization of what a human is. Each of the three taxonomic units has specific grammatical properties. The physical and mental profile of a human being in Manambu (as in many other languages) cannot be appreciated without understanding the grammar. Conversely, a structural analysis of a language is incomplete unless it makes reference to the system of belief and concepts encoded in it.

Intercultural communication and literature: Elif Shafak, The bastard of Istanbul

I am more interested in showing things we havein common as fellow human beings, sharing sameplanet and ultimately, same sorrows and joys ratherthan adding yet another brick in imaginary wallserected between cultures/religions/ethnicities.Elif Shafak1 IntroductionThe role and place of intercultural communication in our world can be emphasized not only through specialized research and observation of target groups but also through literary works. I totally agree with Romanian historian Neagu Djuvara1 who once stated in an interview that sometimes literary works can render or explain a historical period in a much illustrative way than a scientific demonstration. Obviously, this confrontation depends upon encyclopaedic competence of person engaged in 'observation'.Marked by entanglement between her writing talent and her formation (she followed studies in International Relations), Elif Shafak offers to public novels capable to bridge gap between close or distant cultures and civilizations.The subjects of her novels, coming from past and present, as well as from different cultures may be particularly revealing in study of intercultural communication. For present analysis, from her ten books translated into more than thirty languages, I have chosen sixth, The Bastard of Istanbul, published in 2006 in Turkey and in 2007 in England although it was first written in English (in fact her second novel written in English)2.My analysis is based on iceberg's metaphor and intercultural values resulting from encounter between visible and invisible parts of three different cultures in an attempt to show that through this type of confrontation one can keep his/ her cultural identity without entering in conflict.2 Theoretical groundsThe present research is mainly forged on definitions and concepts taken from Stella Ting-Toomey's Communicating across cultures (1999), as well as from Florence Kuckhohn and Fred Strodtbeck's (1961) value orientation method.According to Ting-Toomey, intercultural communication represents the symbolic exchange process whereby individuals from two (or more) different cultural communities negotiate shared meanings in an interactive situation . The major characteristics of this definition include following concepts: symbolic exchange, process, different cultural communities, negotiate shared meanings, and an interactive situation. (1999: 16-17)In other words, constituent elements of this definition are: two persons (or two groups) of different cultures (a very broad definition of culture), in interaction, negotiating a common signifier (country, identity, family, language, spirituality). Stella Ting-Toomey defines culture as a complex frame of referencethat consists of patterns of traditions, beliefs, values, norms symbols, and meanings that are shared to varying degrees by interacting members of a community. [...]Culture is like an iceberg: deeper layers (e.g. traditions; beliefs, values) are hidden from our view; we only hear and see uppermost layers of cultural artefacts (e.g., fashion, trends, pop music) and of verbal and nonverbal symbols. However, to understand a culture with any depth, we have to match its underlying values accurately with its respective norms, meanings, and symbols. It is underlying set of beliefs and values that drives people's thinking, reacting, and behaving. Furthermore, to understand commonalities between individuals and groups, we have to dig deeper into level of universal human needs (such as safety; security, inclusion, dignity/respect, control, connection, meaning, creativity, and a sense of wellbeing). (Ting-Toomey 1999: 10)When two icebergs meet we are talking about intercultural communication. The question is how one of icebergs is perceiving perceives other. On which grounds is one founding his perceptions and interpretations since such an important part of other is invisible? …

Ultrasonic Detecting Method and Repair Technology Based on Fatigue Crack Features in Steel Box Girder

AbstractThe ultrasonic detecting method and repair technology based on fatigue crack features in steel box girder are addressed in this paper. Based on the fatigue crack features in steel box girder, standard specimens with different crack features which primarily include length, width, depth, angle and location, were manufactured in the laboratory. Cracks were detected using ultrasonic techniques (UT). Through the analysis of flaw echo parameters, some methods to detect crack features are proposed. The K-value method is used to distinguish crack locations, which start from the weld toe, weld root, and the invisible parts in the U-rib. A new method, namely the one-third-length measurement method concerning the crack angle and position, is proposed based on the test results. An inclined hole is applied to stop the extension of the inclined cracks according to the detection results. Its performance was analyzed using the finite-element method, which showed that the inclined hole could reduce stress concentr...

Invisible collinear structures impair search

Visual attention and perceptual grouping both help us from being overloaded by the vast amount of information, and attentional search is delayed when a target overlaps with a snake-like collinear distractor (Jingling & Tseng, 2013). We assessed whether awareness of the collinear distractor is required for this modulation. We first identified that visible long (=9 elements), but not short (=3 elements) collinear distractor slowed observers' detection of an overlapping target. Then we masked part of a long distractor (=9 elements) with continuous flashing color patches (=6 elements) so that the combined dichoptic percept to observers' awareness was a short collinear distractor (=3 elements). We found that the invisible collinear parts, like visible ones, can form a continuous contour to impair search, suggesting that conscious awareness is not a pre-requisite for contour integration and its interaction with selective attention.

Determining the Antecedents of Marketing Competencies of SMEs for International Market Performance

Marketing scholars and practitioners have questioned the relationship between marketing activities and firm performance. However, the entrepreneurial vision as a background factor for marketing activities designed and implemented has not been linked to firm performance. By doing this, the authors investigate the relationship between the invisible and visible parts of market performance in the context of SMEs’ international marketing process. The leading effort in this study is to explore the marketing capabilities as the antecedents of the performance in international markets, and also to understand the relationship between entrepreneurial vision of SMEs and their marketing capabilities. A research model developed by the authors is employed for empirical analyses based on 209 questionnaires from SMEs in manufacturing industry.

In Full Velvet

In Full Velvet Jenny Johnson (bio) Before the horns fall away, here’s whatthe taxidermist teaches: Because the velvet grows onto the hide we have to skin it and cut it,so nothing rips up and causes damage. Being cautious that we don’t give it a big yank,use your knife and just kind of pull gently. Go on—tap the skin away from the bur.See we boned it out. For hard boned deer we usually just kind ofbut we can’t do that when it’s in full velvet or it will, you know. Now we’re going to put a puncture in the tip.So, we’re not just hitting the one vein. That’s what we want to see. When Aristotle dissected the embryos in bird eggs,he mistook the spinal cord for the heart. Anaximander of Miletus wrote that the first humans burst out of the mouths offishand that we took form there and were held prisoners there until puberty. At its root, taxidermy means to arrange skin.O love, how precise is any vision? It’s also true that some whitetails never lose their velvet.Hunters raise their eyebrows calling them atypical, [End Page 356] antlered does, cactus bucks, monsters, shirkers,ghosts, raggedy-horn freaks, because they lead long solitary lives, unweatheredby the rutting season, because their antlers are covered permanently in a skinthat most bucks shed in late summer, because their velvet horns spike and slopebackwards, never hardening to pure bone, growing ever more askew. A recent one slayedat thirty points was described as having stickers, kickers, and a whole lot of extra junkfull of blood, hot to the human touch. Gut a body and we’re nothing left but pipes whistling in the breeze.That’s all the cassowary is when you slit her open: She’s lungs wrapped in dark fur. She’s a full baritone with a soft wattle.There’s nothing in her casque but soft tissue. Because it makes me want to turn away,I watch film footage of scientists poking through the pink tendons,the reptilian claw of the euthanized casuarius. When they fondle the sweet spot, a talon shoots out and stabs a melonthe same as it would the appendix of a lazy zookeeper. I had to cover my eyes when they severed the ancestral wing.Love, we are more than utility, I think. Love, I know my body’s here when the turkey vulture comes out of the thicket,wings spread wide, smelling all of it. [End Page 357] When talking about how the brain imagines the body, neurologists use the word“schema” to describe the little map that lies across the cortex, sensing all our visible and invisible parts. Some phantasms about our bodies in relationship to gender and sexualityare idealized, some degrading, some compulsory, some transgressive. I am using this embrace, Love, to keep us here in this perceptual field. When I focus my binoculars, Love, I am as careful as a raccoon working its way through trash. A soda can passes as the skull of a bird, an eyehole where somebody drank some sugar down. Love, come close. Love, lie back. Love, lie with me here beneath a bridge where the light falling on the water shimmers upward casting shadows on the slats beneath. When you are here, Love, I am beside myself. If secrets are prayersthen maybe bodies are worth revealingworth repeating How much plumagedare I show How much down Some days I am richas the common garter snake with more testosteronethan you can handle and the sweetest stenchof pheromones [End Page 358] O small pouch O tiny nippleO lactating man Or as the French say cyprineO Icelandic clam And whales with lady hipsAnd dandelions in the thick grass growing stamens growing pistilsO lion’s tooth However the wind rips each part apart However weclone and clone and clone [End Page 359] Jenny Johnson Jenny Johnson’s poems have appeared in Best American Poetry 2012, Southern Review, Collagist, Troubling the Line: Trans and Genderqueer Poetry and Poetics, and...

The Challenges of Retranslating The Great Gatsby into Hungarian With a Focus on Metaphors of Emotion and Embodiment

The Challenges of Retranslating <i>The Great Gatsby</i> into Hungarian With a Focus on Metaphors of Emotion and Embodiment

Research and Development on the Database for Visualizing Invisible Parts of Wooden House in Japan

This paper introduces the database to provide common information of existing wooden houses, which the authors have been trying to establish under a national project for promoting the second-hand market of existing houses in Japan. In Japan, 2010, we have about 58 million houses, of which about 50 million are occupied and used by households. This means that houses in Japan are more than enough according to statistical data. Now we need to utilize existing houses, handling with methods of renovation and distribution. One of the most important points is that we can easily get technological information of a house to keep on using and utilizing through renovation work. But actually it is not easy to get information sufficient for renovation and distribution before partial demolition work. Therefore, the authors are trying to establish the database, which provide information about materials and construction methods of a wooden house and visualize parts of wooden house like structure, inside of wall, floor and base where it is difficult to see and inspect from on-sight investigation. This paper introduces not only the outline and the way of using of the database for visualizing invisible parts of wooden house, but also progress status of research and development.

Skyglow effects in UV and visible spectra: Radiative fluxes

Several studies have tried to understand the mechanisms and effects of radiative transfer under different night-sky conditions. However, most of these studies are limited to the various effects of visible spectra. Nevertheless, the invisible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum can pose a more profound threat to nature. One visible threat is from what is popularly termed skyglow. Such skyglow is caused by injudiciously situated or designed artificial night lighting systems which degrade desired sky viewing. Therefore, since lamp emissions are not limited to visible electromagnetic spectra, it is necessary to consider the complete spectrum of such lamps in order to understand the physical behaviour of diffuse radiation at terrain level.In this paper, the downward diffuse radiative flux is computed in a two-stream approximation and obtained ultraviolet spectral radiative fluxes are inter-related with luminous fluxes. Such a method then permits an estimate of ultraviolet radiation if the traditionally measured illuminance on a horizontal plane is available.The utility of such a comparison of two spectral bands is shown, using the different lamp types employed in street lighting. The data demonstrate that it is insufficient to specify lamp type and its visible flux production independently of each other. Also the UV emissions have to be treated by modellers and environmental scientists because some light sources can be fairly important pollutants in the near ultraviolet. Such light sources can affect both the living organisms and ambient environment.

Centric relation definition: a historical and contemporary prosthodontic perspective.

Centric relation (CR) is a core topic of dentistry in general and prosthodontics in particular. The term CR has become thoroughly confusing because of many conflicting definitions. Unfortunately definition of CR changed repeatedly over past ten decades. All the existing definitions in the dental literature, for the past 81years, are segregated into definitions from 1929 to 1970, 1970-1980, and 1980-2010 and are critically analyzed. Both PubMed (key words: centric relation/centric jaw relation) and hand searches were employed, from citation in other publications, to identify relevant articles in English language peer reviewed PubMed journals from 1956 to 2010; although the review is from 1929. Numerous definitions for CR have been given, however, no consensus exists and the definition given by a current glossary of prosthodontic terms is confusing. It relates CR to many clinically invisible parts and cannot guide a dental surgeon to record the CR following its description. The purpose of this article is not only to review all the definitions critically but to propose a self explanatory definition to minimize the confusion in the minds of dental practitioners and students for better understanding of the concept of CR. Centric relation is clinically significant since it is the only clinically repeatable jaw relation and the logical position to fabricate prosthesis.

Dark energy and extended dark matter halos

The cosmological mean matter (dark and baryonic) density measured in the units of the critical density is Ωm = 0.27. Independently, the local mean density is estimated to be Ωloc = 0.08−0.23 from recent data on galaxy groups at redshifts up to z = 0.01−0.03 (as published by Crook et al. 2007, ApJ, 655, 790 and Makarov & Karachentsev 2011, MNRAS, 412, 2498). If the lower values of Ωloc are reliable, as Makarov & Karachentsev and some other observers prefer, does this mean that the Local Universe of 100–300 Mpc across is an underdensity in the cosmic matter distribution? Or could it nevertheless be representative of the mean cosmic density or even be an overdensity due to the Local Supercluster therein. We focus on dark matter halos of groups of galaxies and check how much dark mass the invisible outer layers of the halos are able to host. The outer layers are usually devoid of bright galaxies and cannot be seen at large distances. The key factor which bounds the size of an isolated halo is the local antigravity produced by the omnipresent background of dark energy. A gravitationally bound halo does not extend beyond the zero-gravity surface where the gravity of matter and the antigravity of dark energy balance, thus defining a natural upper size of a system. We use our theory of local dynamical effects of dark energy to estimate the maximal sizes and masses of the extended dark halos. Using data from three recent catalogs of galaxy groups, we show that the calculated mass bounds conform with the assumption that a significant amount of dark matter is located in the invisible outer parts of the extended halos, sufficient to fill the gap between the observed and expected local matter density. Nearby groups of galaxies and the Virgo cluster have dark halos which seem to extend up to their zero-gravity surfaces. If the extended halo is a common feature of gravitationally bound systems on scales of galaxy groups and clusters, the Local Universe could be typical or even an overdense region, with a low density contrast ∼1.

Appearance preserving simplification of 3D CAD model with large-scale assembly structures

Currently commercial 3D CAD systems which had only been used in upper stage of design scenes become widely used in lower stages such as rough sales purposes, model exporting to external users or e-commerce on Web. Usually, in the design stage, solid models even of very fine parts or full-detailed shapes have been built in the CAD systems, and the assembly models tend to have a huge number of parts and very complex inner structures. Moreover, for achieving the light-weight and strengthened parts, the inner structures of the housing such as ribs or bosses have had very complex geometries. However, when they are used for browsing, styling review and sales purposes, there is hardly the occasion where is full-detailed assembly models are required, and the primary purpose of the systems is often to fast render external shapes rather than to render detailed inner structures. Appearance preserving simplification of large scale assembly model available to the commercial 3D CAD systems is strongly needed for these purposes. Therefore, this paper proposes several appearance preserving simplification methods of 3D CAD model with large-scale assembly structures. Three simplification methods are proposed in the paper; (1) only by removing invisible parts from the assembly, (2) by removing both invisible form features from the part surface and invisible parts themselves from the assembly, and (3) by removing both form features and parts which are invisible even when position and orientation of movable parts change in the assembly. Our methods are based on an algorithm which can directly detect invisible parts or features by pre-rendering the models from multiple view directions and reading the rendered results from the frame buffer. Our algorithm can be carried out regardless of CAD systems. Thanks to using the current GPU, invisible parts or features detection is robust and fast in the algorithm. If needed, geometric dependency among the features in the assembly can be kept even in the simplification. The performances of these simplification methods in model size reduction and the processing time are examined.