Investment In Social Infrastructure Research Articles

Public investment, private investment, and inflation

Abstract In this paper I investigate the short- and long-run effects of cutting investment in social infrastructure in a simple perfect foresight model. Even though the equilibrium capital stock falls, private investment increases in the short run provided the intertemporal elasticity of substitution is not extremely large. When the productivity of social infra-structure is comparable to or above that of private capital, inflation is likely to increase in the long run. Furthermore, inflation may be higher throughout the adjustment process if a modest degree of intertemporal substitution is possible.

Development System of Infrastructure in Japan-A Study for Future System in Comparison whit Some of U. S. Systems

Social and Economic Infrastructure Investments in Japan have been steadily accumulated, especially since post World War R. They may have not been brought up to the extent that European countries or USA have, but it is certainly said that such infrastructure development has contributed to build up national strength and to enrich our sociocultural activities as well as our life. Today our country is facing the society of high age which is not comparable to the other countries in the world and also the domestic industries are entering into the structually turning point. Taking these conditions into due recognition, it would be an essential process to review our past improvemnt of social and economic infrastructure so far made and its basic system in order to deal whit their future development. This paper was prepared in mind that the basic idea for future infrastructure could be based on this study in one sense. Therefore, the basic concept of infrastructure development, its changes and related legislative arrangements were compiled and then actual projects as concrete measures of infrastructure development in and out of Japan whit the fundamental needs, background, examples and the recent trends were introduced. Inaddition, this touched about the direction of new project development in Japan from now.

Equity, Growth, and Development: Regional Analysis in Developing Countries

Abstract The rural poor in developing countries usually lack physical and economic access to the resources they need to increase their productivity and income. International aid agencies and governments in developing countries seek methods of distributing investments in social services, infrastructure, and productive activities more widely in rural regions; they also seek ways of increasing poor people's access to the towns and cities where those essential resources often must be located. The “urban functions in rural development” approach to regional spatial analysis provides a way of identifying the settlements where such investments can be sited more effectively and efficiently and of integrating the rural and urban sectors of regional economies. UFRD provides essential information to planners and policymakers so that investments can be distributed to create a more geographically equitable pattern of economic and physical development.

Causes of urban poverty in Brazil

This paper discusses the problem of urban poverty, its relation to employment, and rising spatial inequalities in a fast-growing economy. Absolute poverty in medium-sized cities and metropolitan areas is related to explanatory factors such as internal migration, as well as the productive structure of the city and its functional position in the urban system. The role of social infrastructure investments, as the major instrument of anti-poverty policies, is analysed. Based on the Brazilian experience, the author calls attention to the need for monitoring procedures to control the incidence of the benefits of these investments and to assure their redistributive impact.

A model of irrigated agriculture and regional development in southern argentina: The Rio Negro basin

A linear programming model is developed to investigate some of the characteristics of alternative rates of expansion of the irrigated agricultural economy of the Rio Negro basin in southern Argentina over a twenty-year period. While essentially a demandled model, expansion rates can be imposed and the economic impact of such suboptimizing behavior then compared to the optimal outcomes. The approach used is a multiperiod linear programming model in which both farm and social infrastructure investments in a given period have an impact on both output and physical and human resource availabilities in subsequent periods. These activities give rise to time streams of costs and returns which are discounted at alternative discount rates to observe the behavior of the model under differing assumptions as to the proper rate.

SPONTANEOUS AGRICULTURAL COLONIZATION IN ECUADOR

ABSTRACT The performance of farms and farm families in agricultural cooperatives in three fairly recently colonized areas of coastal Ecuador is examined in order to evaluate the effectiveness of planning for agricultural development. The most newly settled area has received little outside assistance. The other two have been affected by a major development program, but in varying degree because of differences in accessibility. Investments in physical and social infrastructure have not greatly improved farm performance. Gross productivity per hectare and per work day are lower in the “most developed” area than in the “least developed,” and the former also uses much poorly paid peon labor. The normal family lot size should be much smaller than the current fifty hectares for more intensive land use, greater social equality, and more efficient provision of social services. Adequate family incomes could still be obtained with the use of simple, inexpensive, and familiar land management techniques.