Investment In Water Conservation Research Articles

Incentive for farmers to save water by confirming the rights to agricultural water in the Yellow River Basin

Context Explore the incentive for farmers to save water by confirming the rights of agricultural water in the Yellow River Basin. Aims To explore the incentives of water-rights confirmation in agriculture and its transmission mechanism for water conservation among farmers and explore the incentive measures for farmers to save water. Methods Quantitative research method. Key results Water-rights confirmation in agriculture influences farmers’ willingness to conserve water and the amount of investment in water conservation through security effects, credit effects and transaction effects. Conclusions The deepening of agricultural water ownership will increase farmers’ willingness to save water and their investment amount. Implications Clarify the transmission mechanism of agricultural water rights for farmers’ water saving.

Water Conservation Challenges and Solutions to Preserve National Food Security

Political security, economic security, social security, and national security have a close relationship to food security. Thus, we focus on water conservation to ensure and support national food security. Here, we also systematically summary the irrigation area and agricultural water use in our country, and analyze the challenges of food security in the view of the relationship between water resources and grain-production arrangement, agricultural water use efficiency, and farmland water conservancy investment. In light of that, we also propose some solutions and suggests, which may lay theoretic foundations for national food security.

The impact of land certification and risk preferences on investment in soil and water conservation: Evidence from southern Ethiopia

This paper evaluates the impact of land certification and risk preferences on the adoption of different soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies using survey data at plot and household level from Ethiopia. Both long-term and short-term investments are considered. Using multivariate probit and correlated random-effect Poisson regression models, we find a heterogeneous impact of land certification on the adoption of SWC techniques among farmers with different risk profiles. We find that certification enhances land investment and that the effect is stronger for more risk-averse farmers. Land certification has a positive effect on the adoption of SWC techniques with a longer payback period such as biological and physical practices, but only for high risk-averse farmers. For short-term investments in SWC techniques like agronomic practices, which are used less to claim the land but with considerable productivity effects, the land certification has a positive effect for both low and high risk-averse farmers, but more strongly for the latter. Hence, our findings suggest that land certification programs could have an important contribution to breaking the risk-induced low technology uptake - agricultural development trap by motivating (particularly risk-averse) farmers to enhance their land investments.

Study on the Impact of Water Conservancy Construction on Urban Development

Hydraulic engineering is an important part of national economic infrastructure. Hydraulic engineering plays an important role in flood control, drainage, disaster prevention and reduction. In recent years, while promoting economic development, water conservancy construction has also played a role in driving the appreciation of surrounding plots, promoting the development of tourism, industrial upgrading and urban accumulation. This paper studies the achievements of water conservancy construction in Wenzhou in recent years, establishes the urban development index system of Wenzhou, calculates the index relationship between water conservancy investment and urban development by using partial least square method. The results show that there is a significant linear correlation between water conservancy investment and real estate investment, GDP and the development of secondary industry. It can be seen that water conservancy construction investment plays a positive role in promoting urban development.

ESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF WATER USE PROJECTS IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

The article deals wiith topical issues of a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the water management system in industrial cities of Ukraine. It was claimed that it is advisable to draw attention to assessing the impact of the consequences of the transformation of technogenically altered water systems on the socio-economic safety of industrial cities. It was also noted that an integral part of the implementation of the regional development strategy in the diagnosis of the state of water resources in cities on the territory of Ukraine, the search for optimal ways to neutralize the negative consequences of the activities of economic entities. The monitoring of factors influencing the state of water resources (drinking water in Ukraine’s industrial cities in particular) has been carried out. Accordingly, it was established that the insufficient level of environmental innovations in the industry, as well as the volume of capital investments in wastewater treatment and the development of water protection activities are the factors of restraining safe waste management, reducing the water intensity of GDP (as a partial goal of reducing the resource intensity of production). Taking into account the fact that the effectiveness of measures to form the effectiveness of the water management system in Ukraine’s industrial cities is questionable, an integral model for assessing the effectiveness of the water management system in industrial cities of Ukraine has been developed, which is the basis for the search for optimal ways to neutralize the negative consequences of the activities of business entities. The proposed in the article measures can solve the problem of ensuring the socio-economic security of cities. This study confirms the importance of promoting environmental innovation in the industry, as well as increasing capital investment in wastewater treatment and water conservation. Special attention was paid to the selection of indicators for the integral assessment of the effectiveness of the water management system.

Effects of soil and water conservation investment on household income in the Volcanoes National Park of Rwanda: an instrumental variable quantile approach

Soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies contribute to sustainable agriculture and rural poverty reduction. Yet, the relationship between farm household income and SWC investment is not well-understood in Rwanda. This study aims to assess the effects of investing in SWC on household income and improve the knowledge of how various classes of smallholders can benefit from such an investment at a farm level. The study used survey data from 422 farming households in northern Rwanda’s Burera, Gakenke and Musanze districts. Descriptive analysis was employed to determine levels of use of SWC and SF measures. Quantile estimation classified three classes of farming households: the poor, middle-income earners and the rich. Instrumental variable quantile regression was adopted to assess heterogeneous effects of financing SWC investment. The results revealed that the extent of using SWC and SF measures is generally low. Agriculture income and off-farm (casual) wages had the largest income shares among the poor and middle-income earners. Financing investment in SWC increases income significantly for middle-income earners, i.e. five times more than the poor, but it was ineffective for the wealthy. Socio-economic factors and commercial crops had a significant effect on income across the classes. Institutional factors demonstrated no significant impact on the poor and middle-income earners. The findings suggest that incorporating pro-poor interventions in SWC investment would increase the productivity and commercialisation of cash and staple crops. These results inform a need to promote linkages between SWC investment and income diversification strategies to increase asset-building for the poor and close income gaps among the three farming classes. This finding suggests the need to introduce saving and lending innovations in SWC that link farm activities to nonfarm opportunities.

The Effect of Fertilizer Subsidies on Investment in Soil and Water Conservation and Productivity among Ghanaian Farmers Using Mechanized Irrigation

The fertilizer subsidies reintroduced in various sub-Saharan African countries from 2007 aim to increase agricultural production and assist in the development of fertilizer markets. The present study evaluates the impact of a fertilizer subsidy program among farmers in Ghana who employ highly mechanized irrigation systems. The results indicate that farmers who received fertilizer under the subsidy program used 45% more fertilizer. However, they did not use more weedicide and were likely to reduce investment in soil and water conservation. Thus, the income gains resulting from the subsidy programs were not invested in such non-targeted inputs. Moreover, the program beneficiaries’ reduced investment in soil and water conservation may explain the finding that the subsidy did not improve their productivity. Thus, since fertilizer subsidy programs alone may not improve productivity, it may be necessary to target spending explicitly on complementary inputs such as investing in soil and water conservation.

Evaluation of soil and water conservation performance under promotion incentive based on stochastic frontier function model

With the increase of investment in soil and water conservation in China, its implementation has attracted much attention. There have been studies on soil erosion control and economic loss in previous studies, but the performance of soil and water conservation has rarely been evaluated by stochastic frontier function model. Based on the stochastic frontier function model and considering the change of local environmental managers, this study combined with the data of soil and water statistics to conduct time series analysis, and found that the environmental management under the pressure of promotion will improve the efficiency of water and land resources management.

Comprehensive evaluation and influencing factors of urban agglomeration water resources carrying capacity

Appropriate water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) is important for the sustainable development of urban agglomerations. It is of great significance for the coordinated development of urban agglomerations to accurately evaluate WRCCs. This study calculates the WRCC index of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration (BTHUA) based on the pressure-support, destructiveness-resilience, and degradation-promotion (PS-DR-DP) theoretical framework. First, the evolutionary characteristics and spatial distribution characteristics of WRCC were analyzed. Then, a geographically temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model was employed to investigate the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the factors affecting WRCC. The results show that (1) from the perspective of time, the WRCC in the BTHUA is increasing, but the carrying capacity index is not high. At present, nearly 50% of the cities are still in an overloaded state. (2) From the perspective of space, the spatial distribution pattern of WRCC in the BTHUA gradually changed from northeast–southwest to south–north, and the WRCC center of gravity shifted to the west. (3) Urban public water use intensity, agricultural water use intensity, population density, groundwater resources per unit area, industrial wastewater discharge, water conservation investment intensity, and soil erosion control have a notable impact on WRCC. (4) The factors affecting WRCC showed notable spatiotemporal heterogeneity. The study is conducive to comprehensively understand the current situation of the BTHUA WRCC. It can provide a reference for the formulation of a scientific and sustainable water resource development strategy.

Determinants of perception on soil erosion and investment in watershed management: Evidence from Awash Basin in Ethiopia

This paper identifies factors affecting perception of soil erosion, investment in soil and water conservation (SWC) on private plots and communal lands, and then preferences of grazing practices influencing watershed management. Using data from a survey of randomly selected 332 households, we employed different econometric tools (ordered probit, binary logit, multinomial logit and bivariate probit) as well as qualitative methods. Results of the ordered probit indicate that provision of training, perception on slope of the plot cultivated, holding of land certification are more likely to influence perception on severity of erosion. The multinomial logit shows different variables affecting the likelihood of practicing a specific SWC measure. Similar set of variables were also used to test their effect on the likelihood of adopting SWC measures on communal land and choice of grazing practices (communal and private). Moreover, coordination failure, and absence of land use plans and policy contributed to poor performance of watershed across the basin. These suggest the need to establish institutional mechanisms to mobilize the youth, introducing an integrated approach, sustained monitoring and evaluation of achievements.

The impact of soil and water resource conservation on agricultural production- an analysis of the agricultural production performance in Zhejiang, China

Water and soil resource are fundamental natural resources and one of the determinant factors of the ecological environment. Soil erosion not only affects economic development, but also triggers the occurrence of natural disasters that threaten people's property and lives. Therefore, it is necessary to take various and effective measures and technologies to protect water and soil resources, to promote rapid and stable economic development, and to protect people's livelihood. This paper explores the impact of related policies on soil and water conservation in China in recent years on domestic agricultural development, and analyzes the effects of investment in soil and water conservation and construction on agricultural production in 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, from 2007 to 2016. The empirical results show that the performance of soil and water conservation construction in Zhejiang over the years fell in the range between 0.4 and 0.6, and the overall efficiency value and productivity changes began to decline after the year of 2015. Secondly, mixed cross-sectional data analysis and panel data analysis showed that the performance of soil and water conservation construction had a significantly positive impact on the agricultural outputs (log (Output1)) in each city.

WITHDRAWN: Application research of multimedia video system in water conservancy and hydropower engineering management

Abstract The development of water conservancy and hydropower projects is related to China's economic lifeline, strengthen the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, realize the information management of water conservancy and hydropower project construction, improve the efficiency of project construction management, save the management cost of project construction, and then improve Construction quality and investment efficiency of water conservancy and hydropower projects. However, traditional project management methods have not been able to achieve the purpose of improvement. With the development of science and technology, the emergence of multimedia provides a platform for the realization of efficient construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects. As a platform application of current technology, multimedia can be multi-user-oriented. Users do not need to consider network equipment and configuration issues. Just rent the functions you need according to your needs. You can use the software by entering the URL when you have a network. Convenient and intuitive. Through the analysis of the construction management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, this paper constructs the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects based on the multimedia video system model, and realizes the efficient and low-cost management of project construction. This paper combines the characteristics of water conservancy and hydropower project construction management to build a water conservancy and hydropower project construction management system, realize multi-user multimedia mode water conservancy and hydropower project construction management system, and more meet the multimedia video system model water conservancy and hydropower project construction management system. Actual demand. Finally, the developed system is applied to a water conservancy investment company to realize multi-user collaborative management.

Influencing Indicators and Quantitative Assessment of Water Resources Security in Karst Region Based on PSER Model—The Case of Guizhou

An important basis to achieve a sustainable balance between water availability and demand is effectively identifying the factors affecting water resource security and evaluating the effectiveness of existing water resource management measures. To reasonably evaluate water resource security in Guizhou Province, this study combined the water resource security features, selected the indicator system based on the Press–Status–Effect–Response (PSER) framework, and used Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and grey correlation analysis for the province from 2001 to 2015. This allowed us to identify the main driving factors affecting water resource security. The results showed that: (1) Water resource security in Guizhou Province showed an overall trend of improvement from 2001 to 2015 and reached a maximum index of 0.57 in 2015. This amelioration in water security was mainly due to the continuous improvement of the response and effect subgroup as a result of improvements in its existing subgroup factors (policies), such as water consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP), the proportion of water conservancy investment, and the proportion of the tertiary industry. Increased water stress due to rapid economic development, such as water supply for the reservoir, and the instability of the status subgroup, were the main factors negatively affecting water resource security. (2) Reduction of water consumption per USD of industrial value added, the control force of water and soil erosion being strengthened, and investment in water resources being increased, are the key factors for achieving water resource security in Guizhou during this period of rapid social and economic development. This indicates that the existing water resource management measures have been improving water resource security. The management measures need to be further improved in the future to protect water resource.

Evaluate the efficiency of water conservancy investment in Shaanxi Province based on super-efficient DEA and malmquis index

Water conservancy construction is an important infrastructure related to national economic and social development, and effective water conservancy investment is the premise guarantee for water conservancy reform. Therefore, it is necessary to study the efficiency of water conservancy investment. The efficiency of water conservancy investment in Shaanxi Province is evaluated by the super-efficiency DEA model and the Malmquist index. The results show that the comprehensive efficiency of water conservancy investment in most regions of Shaanxi Province increased steadily from 2012 to 2017, and pure technical efficiency is the main reason that hinders the further improvement of the efficiency of water investment in various regions. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen technological innovation, optimize organizational structure, continuously adopt advanced technology, and expand the scale of water conservancy construction in order to attain the maximum value of investment.

The Impact of Soil and Water Conservation on Agricultural Economic Growth and Rural Poverty Reduction in China

There is a lack of systematic study on the impact of soil and water conservation on the sustainable development of agricultural economies and rural poverty reduction in China. This study investigates the effects of soil and water conservation on agricultural economic growth. It looks at levels of disposable income in rural households in China and uses the econometric method to examine panel data obtained from 30 provinces between 2003–2012. Agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) is the dependent variable, and soil and water conservation are the independent variables. Farmland area, along with four other variables, is the control variables that are used to establish the Cobb–Douglas production function and provide further data. It was found that soil and water conservation have a significant impact on the per capita income of rural households in China. The findings support that soil and water conservation can contribute to the agricultural economic growth and rural poverty reduction in China. There is evidence that supports the idea that soil quality and capital input are now more important in poverty reduction and economic growth than farmland area and agricultural labour. The government and farmers need to prioritise investment in soil and water conservation in order to promote the development of agricultural economies and reduce rural poverty.

Spatiotemporal analysis for investment efficiency of China’s rural water conservancy based on DEA model and Malmquist productivity index model

Rural water conservancy is crucial to the development of agriculture which is the foundation of national economy in China. During the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan from 2011 to 2015, Chinese government promoted the rural water conservancy investment vigorously and obtained some achievements. Meanwhile, there were some problems faced in the rural water conservancy such as a weak foundation of rural water conservancy, an uneven distribution of rural water resources by time and space, low investment efficiency. Therefore, the investment efficiency of rural water conservancy needs to be systematically and comprehensively evaluated, and the evaluation results for the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan from 2011 to 2015 can provide reliable references for China’s rural water conservancy investment over the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 to 2020. Based on the existing study findings, this study conductes the empirical analysis for the investment efficiency of China’s rural water conservancy during the period of 2011 to 2015 using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and Malmquist productivity index (MPI) model from the spatiotemporal perspective. The statistical data of the 31 provinces over the period of 2011 to 2015 are gathered as inputs and outputs of the DEA model and MPI model. It finds that the average investment efficiency of China’s rural water conservancy in each year during the study period is 0.732 and the investment efficiency fluctuates for the same period, which is mainly caused by scale efficiency (SE). The investment efficiency of China’s rural water conservancy is decreased by an average of 1.2% from 2011 to 2015, which is principally due to technology change (TC). From the regional aspect, the investment efficiency of rural water conservancy in the eastern, central, northeast and western regions increase successively, which means uneven distribution of investment efficiency among the four regions. Based on the MPI analysis of the four regions, only the investment efficiency of eastern region improved by an average of 4.3% for each year, while the investment efficiency of the other three regions all decreased. At the provincial level, disequilibrium in the investment efficiency of rural water conservancy existed in the 31 provinces. Only the four provinces including Shanghai, Hainan, Tibet and Xinjiang were DEA efficiency for each year during the study period. The improvement of the investment efficiency among the 31 provinces in China mainly relied on the investment expansion and the technology innovation of rural water conservancy. Furthermore, the method provided in this study can be not only used to analyze the investment efficiency of rural water conservancy in other developing countries, but also to evaluate the investment efficiency of the other fields in the time and space dimensions.

A Computable General Equilibrium Model based Simulation on Water Conservancy Investment

A Computable General Equilibrium Model based Simulation on Water Conservancy Investment

Urban water consumption and its influencing factors in China: Evidence from 286 cities

Factors that affect water consumption should be identified to develop effective public policies. However, factors influencing domestic water consumption in cities in China, particularly on a national scale, are unclear. In this study, urban water consumption and its influencing factors in 286 municipal cities in China were analysed by using conditional inference trees and the random forest method. Results showed that water consumption (per capita per day) of 130 cities had changed significantly (decrease: 69; increase: 61) from 2000 to 2015. Of the 286 cities studied, 112 were classified as low-water consumption cities with water consumption below 70 L per capita per day. In addition, water consumption per capita per day in China was found to be highly affected by meteorological factors, socioeconomic status, water supply and conservation factors. The factors influencing water consumption also varied across different cities. In high-consumption cities, water consumption per capita per day was strongly influenced by precipitation, water conservation investment, water heater for showering or bathing per household and gross domestic product per capita. In medium- and low-consumption cities, water consumption per capita per day was affected by water supply capacity and socioeconomic status, including gross domestic product per capita, education received and Engel’s coefficient. Significant disparities in these factors suggest that different policies regarding water consumption should be implemented across China. In high-consumption cities, investment in water conservation should be continued to ensure sustainable use by reducing water consumption. In low-consumption cities, water supply capacity should be improved to guarantee water availability for basic health and hygiene requirements.

An economic-efficiency analysis of water conservancy investment in Heilongjiang Province based on projection pursuit clustering and DEA models

Abstract Water conservancy investment affects economic development. To scientifically analyze its economic efficiency, this paper employs a projection pursuit clustering model based on the real-coded accelerated genetic algorithm to reduce the number of output index systems for each year, and the relative economic efficiency is obtained for 13 cities in Heilongjiang Province during the period 2007–2012 using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The spatial distribution regulation is described based on the average efficiency derived for the period 2007–2012. Finally, the output values are optimized for ineffective cities under the optimization principle according to the 2012 values. The results show that the output index system is different for each year. Most cities exhibit comprehensive effectiveness, and the development of water conservancy is generally good. The spatial distribution regulation of economic efficiency tends to be high in the south and low in the north because it is related to local economic development and water policies. To achieve comprehensive effectiveness, the output indices need to be adjusted. This study assists with the promotion of efficient development plans for water conservancy systems and the economic efficiency of water conservancy investment in Heilongjiang Province.

Trade-offs between non-farm income and on-farm soil and water conservation investments of smallholder farmers in the semi-arid tropics of India

This paper has examined the trade-off between non-farm income and on-farm soil and water conservation (SWC) investment by smallholder farmers in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of India. A dynamic bio-economic simulation model has been used to assess the impact of improved off-farm employment opportunities on household welfare, land degradation and labour allocation for SWC activities. The simulation results has revealed that improved non-farm employment opportunities increase the household welfare but reduce the households’ incentives to deploy labour for soil and water conservation measures, leading to higher levels of soil erosion and rapid land degradation. The study has suggested that there is the need of other complementary policy interventions to protect the natural resource base because improvement in non farm income opportunities does not produce a win-win solution in the watershed in the SAT region.