Investment Account Research Articles

What determines investment in the Nippon Individual Savings Account? an investigation of Japan's tax-exempt investment account.

In 2014, the Japanese government introduced the Nippon Individual Savings Account (NISA) to encourage tax-exempt investment and asset accumulation. In January 2024, the NISA underwent significant restructuring to boost household savings in financial asset investments. Taking advantage of the launch of the revamped NISA, we analyzed data collected in late 2022 of 95,632 active investors in a leading securities company to explore their preferences in the previous NISA. Notably, investors exhibit a preference for installment NISA over ordinary NISA, indicating an inclination for long-term capital establishment through gradual investments in secure financial assets. Regression analysis reveals that installment NISA investors are typically female, older, married, or divorced, have lower educational qualifications, engage in part-time employment, have higher incomes, display risk aversion, maintain larger asset balances, and adopt long-term perspectives. By contrast, those favoring ordinary NISA tend to be male, young, married, and financially literate and to have lower incomes, higher asset balances, and shorter-term perspectives. This study advocates maintaining both NISA types, increasing the annual and total investment limits, and eliminating tax exemption periods. These measures would be advantageous for tax savings and capital formation. However, a robust financial education campaign is emphasized to encourage individuals to invest in financial assets, breaking the tradition of keeping funds idle.

Current State of the Capital Investment Account in Enterprises and Directions for Its Improvement

The article examines the situation of capital investments in businesses today, pointing out problems with capital investment accounting and offering solutions by implementing global standards in the face of the expanding digital economy. The inefficiency of describing capital investment records for various asset kinds, which restricts openness and decision-making usefulness, is one of the major information gaps that has been found. The study's methodology includes a comparative analysis, economic analysis, and data from "Saturn Metalworking LLC" to examine capital investment methods. Results indicate that consistent accounting practices obfuscate precise information about investments in certain assets. One suggestion is to improve accounting procedures to make it easier to track spending in modernization, construction, and various equipment categories. By optimizing capital investment records, these changes hope to enhance stakeholder knowledge and strategic resource allocation in a digital economy.

Golden Horizons: Investigating Shariah-Compliant Gold Investment Awareness Among Youth

Gold has long been regarded as a reliable medium of exchange and a store of value, owing to its inherent traits and functions associated with money. In the context of Malaysia, gold investment emerges as a lucrative and secure asset category for investors. They have the option to either physically possess and safeguard gold or opt for a more modern approach by establishing a gold investment account. Over recent years, there has been a noticeable growth in awareness among the public and seasoned gold investors in Malaysia. However, this upward trend has not been as pronounced among the younger demographic. This research aims to investigate the extent of awareness regarding Shariah-compliant gold investment among the young Muslim population in Terengganu, Malaysia. Utilizing a quantitative research methodology, data was collected through a survey administered by researchers via a Google Form, disseminated across various social media platforms. The study successfully obtained data from a sample of 120 respondents. The findings of this study reveal that, on the whole, the young Muslim generation in Terengganu exhibits a high level of awareness regarding Shariah-compliant gold investment. The significance of this research lies in shedding light on the dynamics of gold investment awareness, particularly within the context of Shariah compliance, among the youth in a specific region of Malaysia. The results provide valuable insights for financial institutions, policymakers, and educators seeking to tailor their strategies to enhance financial literacy and promote Shariah-compliant investment practices among the younger population. As Malaysia continues to evolve as a financial hub, understanding and addressing the investment preferences and awareness levels of its diverse demographic groups become crucial for fostering a robust and inclusive financial landscape. Since this study was conducted with small sample size and focusing in Terengganu only, it is strongly recommended to expand the research to other states in Malaysia.

Sự hài lòng của ứng viên về chất lượng dịch vụ giới thiệu việc làm tại Trung tâm Dịch vụ việc làm Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

Ho Chi Minh City is the economic and industrialization center of the country and is located in the southern key economic region. Foreign and domestic investment account for a large proportion and create a huge demand for labor. Labor source for industrial development plays an important role in attracting investment and development. Employment service centers in localities are a bridge between the supply and demand of human resources. Research objective: Determine candidates’ satisfaction factors about the quality of job placement services at Ho Chi Minh City Employment Service Center. The research subjects are job seekers who come to do business at Ho Chi Minh City Service Center. Quantitative research method using SPSS 22.0. with multivariate regression model to find the relationship between factors and candidate satisfaction with the quality of job placement services at Ho Chi Minh City Employment Service Center. Research results have found that candidates’ satisfaction factors about the quality of job placement services at the Ho Chi Minh City Employment Service Center are reliability; service capacity and attitude; assurance; responsiveness and sympathy.

Islamic Social Reporting; Investment Account Holder; Non-Performing Financing; Islamic Corporate Governance; and Maqashid Shariah Index

Islamic Social Reporting; Investment Account Holder; Non-Performing Financing; Islamic Corporate Governance; and Maqashid Shariah Index

The Impact of Financial Risks on the Profitability of Absolute Investment Account Holders in Jordanian Islamic Banks: The Moderating Role of Market Share

This study aimed to test the impact of financial risks on the profitability of absolute investment account holders in Jordanian Islamic banks and the moderating role of market share. The study used a descriptive and analytical approach, relying on data from the Jordanian Central Bank statistics and annual reports of a sample comprising (3) banks for the period between (2012-2021 AD). Financial risks were measured through credit risks, liquidity risks, and capital risks, while market share was treated as a moderating variable. The profitability of absolute investment account holders was measured through deposit returns. The study found variability among Jordanian Islamic banks in the profitability of absolute investment account holders. The results showed no significant impact of financial risks (liquidity risks and credit risks) on the profitability of absolute investment account holders. The impact was confined to capital risks. The study recommended Islamic banks to increase regulatory capital and enhance market share, both in terms of funding sources (deposits) and providing a financing mix suitable for various investment sectors.

Faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja pembiayaan bagi hasil Bank Syariah di Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Good Corporate Governance on the Performance of Sharia Bank Profit Sharing in Indonesia, to analyze the effect of Investment Account Holders on the Performance of Sharia Bank Profit Sharing in Indonesia, to analyze the effect of Bank Capital on the Performance of Sharia Bank Profit Sharing in Indonesia and to analyze the influence of Bank Assets on the Performance of Sharia Bank Profit Sharing in Indonesia. The population in this study is the Sharia Commercial Bank and Sharia BPR companies that have been registered with Bank Indonesia until the end of 2014 until 2017. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. The analytical tool used in this study is using multiple linear regression. Based on the results of the hypothesis test shows that Good Corporate Governance has a significant influence on the Performance of Profit Sharing; Investment Account Holders has a significant influence on the Performance of Revenue Sharing; There is no influence of Bank Capital on the Performance of Financing for Profit Sharing and Bank Assets that have a significant influence on the Performance of Profit Sharing.

Creditworthiness pattern prediction and detection for GCC Islamic banks using machine learning techniques

PurposeBank creditworthiness refers to the evaluation of a bank’s ability to meet its financial obligations. It is an assessment of the bank’s financial health, stability and capacity to manage risks. This paper aims to investigate the credit rating patterns that are crucial for assessing creditworthiness of the Islamic banks, thereby evaluating the stability of their industry.Design/methodology/approachThree distinct machine learning algorithms are exploited and evaluated for the desired objective. This research initially uses the decision tree machine learning algorithm as a base learner conducting an in-depth comparison with the ensemble decision tree and Random Forest. Subsequently, the Apriori algorithm is deployed to uncover the most significant attributes impacting a bank’s credit rating. To appraise the previously elucidated models, a ten-fold cross-validation method is applied. This method involves segmenting the data sets into ten folds, with nine used for training and one for testing alternatively ten times changeable. This approach aims to mitigate any potential biases that could arise during the learning and training phases. Following this process, the accuracy is assessed and depicted in a confusion matrix as outlined in the methodology section.FindingsThe findings of this investigation reveal that the Random Forest machine learning algorithm superperforms others, achieving an impressive 90.5% accuracy in predicting credit ratings. Notably, our research sheds light on the significance of the loan-to-deposit ratio as a primary attribute affecting credit rating predictions. Moreover, this study uncovers additional pivotal banking features that intensely impact the measurements under study. This paper’s findings provide evidence that the loan-to-deposit ratio looks to be the purest bank attribute that affects credit rating prediction. In addition, deposit-to-assets ratio and profit sharing investment account ratio criteria are found to be effective in credit rating prediction and the ownership structure criterion came to be viewed as one of the essential bank attributes in credit rating prediction.Originality/valueThese findings contribute significant evidence to the understanding of attributes that strongly influence credit rating predictions within the banking sector. This study uniquely contributes by uncovering patterns that have not been previously documented in the literature, broadening our understanding in this field.

The Effect of Risk Perception, Recency Bias, Herding Behavior and Regret Aversion Bias on Investment Decision Making Among The Younger Generation in Surabaya.

The performance of the Indonesian capital market continues to increase every year. Data from KSEI shows that the number of investors continues to increase every year and the majority of investors are generational. This study aims to determine/influence risk perception, recency bias, herding/ behavior and regret aversion bias towards investment decision making/in generations in Surabaya. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach. The data collection method for testing the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is by distributing questionnaires in the google form via social media WhatsApp, Instagram and Telegram. There were 111 respondents who filled out this research questionnaire, with the characteristics of respondents aged 17 years to 36 years, domiciled in Surabaya and having an account or investment account. The data was analyzed using PLS-SEM with Wrap-PLS software version 8.0. The results show that Risk perception has a significant effect on investment decision making, Recency bias has a negative effect on investment decision making, Herding behavior has no significant effect on investment decision making, and regret aversion bias does not have a negative effect on investment decision making.

How are veterans faring financially? Updates and new evidence from a national survey

This research provides new and updated evidence on the financial capability of military veterans. We leverage data from two waves of the FINRA Investor Education Foundation’s National Financial Capability Study (NFCS) to examine how veterans are faring over time, relative to comparable civilians. Overall, veterans in 2018 fared better than non-veterans in several areas. They reported higher financial satisfaction, less difficulty covering expenses, and a higher likelihood of having an emergency fund and non-retirement investment account. However, veterans were more likely to report having experienced a large drop in income, problematic credit card behaviors and late mortgage payments. Notably, though several indicators of overall financial well-being and saving behaviors improved from 2015 to 2018 and spending and credit outcomes worsened, these relative changes did not differ between veterans and non-veterans.

THE EFFECT OF ISLAMIC GOVERNANCE SCORE AND INVESTMENT ACCOUNT HOLDER ON THE DISCLOSURE OF ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING AT ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic Governance Score (IG-Score) and Investment Account Holder (IAH) on Islamic Social Reporting (ISR) Disclosure. This research was conducted on Islamic banks registered with the Financial Services Authority for the 2016-2020 period and obtained 11 samples of Islamic banks. The method used is the panel data regression analysis method. The results showed that the IG-Score and IAH had an effect on the ISR design. IG-Score has an effect on ISR Disclosure, this shows that the presence of Shariah Supervisory Board (DPS) affects and encourages Islamic banks to carry out or improve ISR performance. IAH has an effect on ISR, in this case IAH determines compliance with Islamic banking principles and the consequences for ISR.

Bank social fund distribution and cost of profit-sharing investment account: evidence from Indonesia

Purpose - This study aims to prove the impact of the distribution of social funds (qardhul hasan-QH and zakah funds) on the cost of a Profit-Sharing Investment Account (PSIA) immediately and for a long period in Islamic banks.Method - The research is based on panel data from 11 Islamic commercial banks (IB) in Indonesia from 2009 to 2021. Data were analyzed using the generalized least squares (GLS) random-effects method with robust standard error.Result - This research proves that the distribution of social funds (the distribution of QH and zakah funds) has a positive economic impact in the short period but the distribution of social funds has a negative economic impact in the long period.Implication - This study contributes to bank directors in considering the social activities of banks funded by QH funds by considering the effectiveness of social fund distribution, hence having positive economic consequences for bank performance.Originality - This research contributes to the development of previous literature in two ways. First, we use CSR performance proxies that are different from previous studies, namely the distribution of QH and zakah funds. The distribution of these funds is a proof of the bank's legitimacy to care about social, economic, and environmental issues. Second, we use the cost of PSIA as an economic consequence of CSR performance.

Displacement Commercial Risk (DCR) and the Level of Risk Sharing between Unrestricted Investment Account Holders (URIAHs) and Shareholders in an Islamic Bank

Displacement Commercial Risk (DCR) and the Level of Risk Sharing between Unrestricted Investment Account Holders (URIAHs) and Shareholders in an Islamic Bank

Shareholder or Investment Account Holder Interest: Which One Does Management of Islamic Banks Pay Attention to?

Governance and performance studies are often viewed from the perspective of shareholders, including in Islamic banks. However, the Investment Account Holders (IAH) are equally important stakeholders. Profit-sharing contracts, the absence of representation in the Annual General Meeting, and larger fund amount place the IAH at greater risk. In reality, the impact of governance should also prioritize protecting their interests. This study examines the effect of implementing corporate governance on the performance of Islamic banks from the perspective of shareholders and IAHs. This study tabulates data from the annual reports of 14 Indonesian Islamic banks. This research has found that Islamic bank governance has no effect on performance from the perspective of IAHs. On the other hand, governance can significantly influence performance from a shareholder perspective. From the perspective of stakeholder theory, these findings explain that Islamic banks have not made IAHs the main party to pay attention to. Business policies and strategies that are overseen by corporate governance have not had an impact on wider stakeholders. The IAHs in Islamic banks should also be categorized as key stakeholders.

Start Small and Stay Small: Anchoring in App-Based Investing

Stock trading apps have encouraged millions of people to begin micro-investing. While investing is beneficial in the long-run, we demonstrate a potential downside to the micro-investing trend. Using a novel data set of stock trades from an app-based broker, we show that anchoring leads to lower wealth accumulation when investors start their journey with a small first purchase. A unique feature of the broker’s platform allows us to disentangle anchoring from a rational repetition strategy: stock gift cards. Since the value of a stock gift card is determined exogenously, the amount of that gift card represents a true external anchor for the recipient, affecting subsequent behaviors. Over one year, a $1 increase in the amount of an investor’s initial stock purchase results in a $4.63 increase in the total amount that an investor contributes to their investment account, all else equal.

Cryptocurrencies’ Values determined and advantages of Cryptocurrencies investments

Abstract: As long as the government continues to print and distribute currency, inflation will rise and spread across society. A well-functioning government or financial institution isn't necessarily a bad thing if it monitors the market and keeps an eye on the amount of money being issued at any one time. Economic growth and prosperity may be aided by even a little bit of inflation. In other cases, courts have found no misconduct on the part of the government. Since the economy was floundering, they continued to pour cash into it. Hyperinflation occurs when the currency loses almost all of its value. On the other side, investing in digital currencies provides instant access to your money, wherever you are or whatever time of day or night you need it. Despite the fact that your money is still invested, you have the freedom to withdraw it anytime you choose. It is quite legal to withdraw funds from your investment account in the case of an emergency. It's possible that the market may decline and you'll be able to withdraw your money before it's all gone. In this piece of the paper, we will discuss about the cryptocurrencies and its’ investments’ advantages.

Open innovation in shariah compliance in Islamic banks – Does shariah supervisory board attributes matter?

This study extends the literature on shariah compliance in Islamic banks (IBs) based on interest free returns for Investment Account Holders (IAH) and to examine the role of the attributes of the shariah supervisory board (SSB) on shariah compliance. The study sample included 102 fully-fledged IBs from 27 countries over the period from 2010 to 2019. We use panel data estimation techniques and the system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation to address potential endogeneity concerns. The results show that banks with more members on their SSBs are likely to have less shariah compliance. The findings also indicate that cross-membership and economic/finance/accounting expertise of SSB has positive impact on shariah compliance. This impact of SSB to increase shariah compliance is more pronounced in unlisted IBs than listed IBs. The results can be used by different stakeholders such as policy makers, bank supervisory agencies, other boards, and managers of IBs to mitigate shariah compliance.

Government Investment Behavior: Evidence from California Pooled Money

Local governments are playing an increasingly prominent role in the global investment area by holding large publicly-held pools of assets. The incentives for bureaucrats’ engagement in financial investment and their expertise are presumably distinctive from professional investors in the private markets. Therefore, it’s intriguing to study these government-held funds’ investment patterns and performance. To investigate these problems, this paper uses a hand-collected and novel data set that covers the transaction details of the California government pooled money investment account (PMIA) from 2014 to 2020. This paper presents a statistical analysis of the investments in the last 7 years and study the differences and similarities in behavior and performance between government investments and mutual funds. This paper also presents a model to measure the similarity of funds. I construct two relevant funds that require different levels of sophistication in selecting securities and activeness but are similar to the PMIA in other dimensions. Then I compare their performances with PMIA’s performance in the next period. This paper concluded that the government does perform worse and it is not because of their passive strategy but because of a lack of sophisticated skill. This paper provides new evidence of government investment behavior by rigorous statistical methods.

SHAREHOLDERS’ AND INVESTMENT ACCOUNT HOLDERS’ (DEPOSITORS’) RETURNS IN ISLAMIC BANKS

The research aims to analyze the returns of shareholders and investment accounts holders (depositors) for Islamic banks to determine the optimal alternative; whether to invest in deposits or to purchase shares of Islamic banks. Because of the high degree of similarity between risks associated with investment account holders (depositors) and risks associated with investment in shares for Islamic banks as both of them have no specific guaranteed return defined in advance, the article measures the rate of returns after adjustments the shareholders returns for market risk measured by standard deviation, which reflects the level of volatility for shareholders return rate. In calculating the returns for shareholders, the change in market value on the bank’s level for the two successive periods will be considered for the capital gain or loss. The inductive approach will be followed in presenting types of risks, whereas the descriptive and analytical approach to be followed in measuring shareholders’ returns and comparing them with deposits return. The study covered the period from 2010 to 2019, and the data were extracted from the published annual reports for these banks. Despite that depositors and shareholders are exposed to similar risks, and this similarity is due to the Modaraba contract, the average rate of returns for shareholders is higher than the average rate of returns for depositors/investment accounts holders in Islamic banks for the sample study. The main recommendation of the study is to invest in Islamic bank shares instead of deposits after considering the trade-off between risks and returns. Keywords: Shareholders’ Returns, Unrestricted Investment Account Holders’ Returns, Dividends, Risks, Islamic Banks DOI： https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.58.1.61

Investment preferences of individual investment account holders

The article characterizes the investment preferences of the owners of individual investment accounts, and also develops a methodology for modeling the portfolio of the average owner of an individual investment account. The financial and socio-demographic parameters of the owners of individual investment accounts are investigated, a portrait of the average owner of an individual investment account is compiled. The result of the study is the compilation of the portfolio of the average owner of an individual investment account, as well as an assessment of its effectiveness.