Inventory Software Research Articles

Impact of connected dispensing technology with advanced analytics in a multicenter health system.

In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of enterprise inventory optimization (EIO) technology and analytics on pharmacy labor, costs, and medication availability within a large integrated delivery network (IDN). This article describes a mixed-methods, postmarket observational study assessing the impact of a solution of disparate technologies including automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs), centralized pharmacy inventory software, and controlled substance vaults connected by an inventory optimization analytics (IOA) tool. Four study modules were implemented over a 10-month period. The intervention consisted of implementation of the IOA software, linking the disparate automated technologies. Transactional data was collected and aggregated with user perception survey data in both the pre- and postintervention periods. Descriptive and comparative statistical testing was used to assess outcomes. A total of 11 facilities with bed counts ranging between 22 and 908 beds were included in this study. At an enterprise level, users were able to complete an average of 2.8 times more periodic automated replenishment (PAR) level changes post intervention, resulting in an estimated enterprise labor avoidance of over 1 full-time equivalent (2,099 labor hours) annually. Despite an enterprise decision to increase ADC inventory on hand from a 3-day supply to a 5-day supply, 5 sites (45%) had a decrease in total inventory, while 9 sites (82%) saw a decrease in ADC inventory costs. Additionally, 7 sites (64%) saw a reduction in the ADC stockout percentage and all 11 sites (100%) saw a decrease in the central pharmacy stockout percentage post intervention. Integration and optimization of connected inventory management technology was observed to have positive impacts on improving labor productivity, reducing ADC inventory carrying costs, and increasing medication availability.

CO2 emissions from solid biofuel consumption in rural communities in Durango, Mexico

Objective: the objective of this study was to calculate the amount, in kilotons per year (kt a-1), of CO2 emissions from firewood consumption in rural communities of Durango in managed areas (UMAFOR– Forest Management Units) and at the municipality scale. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: the firewood consumption was determined for each of the UMAFOR areas and the 39 municipalities into which the state of Durango is divided. Greenhouse Inventory Software® was used to determine CO2 emissions. Results: the annual CO2 balance due to firewood consumption in Durango was 268.05 kt of CO2. These emissions in relation to the national scale represent 1.52% per year. Those UMAFOR and the municipalities that are geographically located in the semi-arid zone of the state of Durango were those with the higher CO2 emissions. Findings/ Conclusions: it is necessary to couple the consumption of firewood with eco-technologies that favor its efficient consumption, thus mitigating CO2 emissions.

TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS FOR SCHOOL STORE INVENTORY

ABSTRACT: For educational institutions to run smoothly and have the resources needed to support teaching and learning, effective inventory management is essential. This study examines how digital solutions affect school inventory management, emphasizing the ways in which modern technology may improve productivity and solve common problems. This study looks at different digital tools and systems that make monitoring, ordering, and using instructional resources easier. These include mobile applications and cloud-based inventory software. This research analyzes the main advantages of digital inventory systems, such as increased accuracy, decreased waste, improved data security, and significant time savings, through a combination of case studies, surveys, and expert interviews. Additionally, the study looks into how affordable and scalable digital systems are for different kinds of institutions. The results highlight how crucial it is to adopt digital technologies in order to enhance resource management, boost accountability, and encourage sustainable practices—all of which will eventually lead to an educational environment that is more productive and efficient with its resources. INDEX TERMS – Frontend development HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Backend development React, MERN Stack, MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js,

DIGITAL SOLUTIONS TO SCHOOL INVENTORY

ABSTRACT: For educational institutions to run smoothly and have the resources needed to support teaching and learning, effective inventory management is essential. This study examines how digital solutions affect school inventory management, emphasizing the ways in which modern technology may improve productivity and solve common problems. This study looks at different digital tools and systems that make monitoring, ordering, and using instructional resources easier. These include mobile applications and cloud-based inventory software. This research analyzes the main advantages of digital inventory systems, such as increased accuracy, decreased waste, improved data security, and significant time savings, through a combination of case studies, surveys, and expert interviews. Additionally, the study looks into how affordable and scalable digital systems are for different kinds of institutions. The results highlight how crucial it is to adopt digital technologies in order to enhance resource management, boost accountability, and encourage sustainable practices—all of which will eventually lead to an educational environment that is more productive and efficient with its resources. INDEX TERMS – Frontend development HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Backend development React, MERN Stack, MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js,

Brazilian Atmospheric Inventories – BRAIN: a comprehensive database of air quality in Brazil

Abstract. Developing air quality management systems to control the impacts of air pollution requires reliable data. However, current initiatives do not provide datasets with large spatial and temporal resolutions for developing air pollution policies in Brazil. Here, we introduce the Brazilian Atmospheric Inventories (BRAIN), the first comprehensive database of air quality and its drivers in Brazil. BRAIN encompasses hourly datasets of meteorology, emissions, and air quality. The emissions dataset includes vehicular emissions derived from the Brazilian Vehicular Emissions Inventory Software (BRAVES), industrial emissions produced with local data from the Brazilian environmental agencies, biomass burning emissions from FINN – Fire INventory from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), and biogenic emissions from the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) (https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09858, Hoinaski et al., 2023a; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09886, Hoinaski et al., 2023b). The meteorology dataset has been derived from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) (https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09857, Hoinaski and Will, 2023a; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09885, Hoinaski and Will, 2023c). The air quality dataset contains the surface concentration of 216 air pollutants produced from coupling meteorological and emissions datasets with the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ) (https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09859, Hoinaski and Will, 2023b; https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.09884, Hoinaski and Will, 2023d). We provide gridded data in two domains, one covering the Brazilian territory with 20×20 km spatial resolution and another covering southern Brazil with 4×4 km spatial resolution. This paper describes how the datasets were produced, their limitations, and their spatiotemporal features. To evaluate the quality of the database, we compare the air quality dataset with 244 air quality monitoring stations, providing the model's performance for each pollutant measured by the monitoring stations. We present a sample of the spatial variability of emissions, meteorology, and air quality in Brazil from 2019, revealing the hotspots of emissions and air pollution issues. By making BRAIN publicly available, we aim to provide the required data for developing air quality policies on municipal and state scales, especially for under-developed and data-scarce municipalities. We also envision that BRAIN has the potential to create new insights into and opportunities for air pollution research in Brazil.​​​​​​​

SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAAN BARANG SEDERHANA PT. WISEMAN MULIA SEJAHTERA DENGAN APLIKASI BARANG DAN PERSEDIAAN BERBASIS ANDROID

PT. Wiseman Mulia Sejahtera previously used the manual method by collecting all data in and out of goods by recording them in the WhatsApp group "Exit and Exit Goods". This makes admins, supervisors, and directors of PT. Wiseman Mulia Sejahtera could not find relevant inventory information. The expected result of this research is that warehouse operations are computerized. The flow in completing this research system consists of needs analysis, development, implementation, and application testing. In this development using the Samsung Galaxy A51 Android Smartphone Android 12 One UI 4.1 version and Goods and Inventory Software from Chester SW Def. The result of this system is that admins, supervisors and directors can manage the availability of goods easily, carry out complete and computerized transactions. Based on the assessment interviews, the respondents who had been asked to informants stated that the results were very good with the Goods and Inventory application because it made PT.'s warehouse operations easier. Wiseman Mulia Sejahtera.

Comparative Analysis of Erp Being Used in Hotel Industry of Pakistan

IT systems in the hotel industry mainly focused on addressing routine operational issues during hotel operations. Pakistan’s hotel industry has historically been criticized for being reluctant to make full use of IT. This paper reports and analyzes the results of a recent survey of IT applications in Pakistan hotels. This research is intended to highlight factors that can be considered critical for the successful application, particularly to deter a wider use of ERP (Enterprise resource planning) systems in the hospitality sector in Pakistan. The work also helps us understand how ERP systems can provide value for companies in this field, in particular in the hotel industry. The reference model provides the basis for explaining how the current supplier’s product responds to the needs of the market. This research provides an initial systematic review of ERP, Information System, PMS, POS, Back-Office Software, HRIS, Inventory Software, Business Performance, Automation, System Integration, E-commerce in hospitality industry. In this research ERP systems are critically analyzed which are being used in hotel industry of Pakistan. Finally there is review of findings of effect if ERP and MIS implement on hospitality industry in Pakistan that due to less awareness, fear, cost, they don’t want to implement or not need to change. After completing the research it will be clear that how hotel Industry bring change by applying this software or upgrade them self.

Provision of High-Quality Molasses Blocks to Improve Productivity and Address Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Smallholder Cattle and Buffalo: Studies from Lao PDR.

Large ruminant production in developing countries is inefficient with low growth rates and likely high greenhouse gas emissions per unit of meat or milk produced. Trials conducted in Lao PDR from 2017 to 2020, studied ad libitum supplementation for 12 weeks with 20 kg high-quality molasses nutrient blocks (Four Seasons Pty Ltd., Brisbane, Australia), that were either non-medicated; fenbendazole-medicated (Panacur100®, Coopers Australia, 5 g/kg); triclabendazole-medicated (Fasinex®, Novartis Australia, 5 g/kg or 10 g/kg, respectively); or formulated with urea (8% or 10% urea, respectively). Average daily gains were determined for access to all molasses blocks and compared with access to control blocks, no supplementation, or previously determined free-grazing baseline average daily gains (55-84 g in cattle; 92-106 g in buffalo). Productivity was significantly improved following access to all molasses blocks. Average daily gains following access to 8% urea and control blocks were calculated for three age cohorts of cattle: young calves <8 m (238-298 g), growing cattle (143-214 g) and lactating cows (179-191 g). Modelling using IPCC Inventory software model V 2.69 of published data demonstrated a conservative net abatement of 350 kg CO2e was achievable over a 200-day feeding period. An additional trial of Emissions control blocks (n = 200) distributed to farmers (n = 60) and two educational institutions were conducted. Consumption rates (156 g/day) and farmer and institutional acceptance of these blocks were similar to our published findings with other molasses blocks, confirming all formulations of blocks improved animal productivity and body condition score, with healthier animals that were easier to manage. Modelling of changes in greenhouse gas emissions intensity identified an abatement of 470 kg CO2e per Emissions control blocks consumed, delivering a total project emissions abatement of 94 t CO2e. Provision of high-quality molasses blocks significantly improved smallholder large ruminant productivity and addition of greenhouse gas reducing agents is likely to achieve impressive abatement of greenhouse gas emissions due to improved efficiency of rumen fermentation and productivity.

Analisis Usability SLiMS 9 Bulian Menggunakan Metode Software Usability Measurement Inventory

Introduction. The development of ICT is directly related to the availability of information in the library. In addition to hardware, libraries need software to develop library services as ICT advances. One of the basic software required for all libraries is (Integrated Library System/ILS). There is not much research on studies using SUMI for integrated library systems. Until now, not many studies have analyzed the quality of integrated library system applications, especially using the SUMI method. The purpose of this research is to analyze the usability of the integrated library system application SLiMS 9 Bulian. 
 Data Collection Methods. The method used is the quantitative Usability Method using the Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI) Software by taking data directly from the SUMI questionnaire distributed to respondents.
 Data Analysis. Data analysis was carried out in a descriptive quantitative way through scoring and the results of the analysis of the collected questionnaires became the basis for assessing usability results.
 Results and Discussion. The results of this study indicate that 1) Software Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI) testing on SLiMS 9 Bulian is very efficient in helping work; 2) Affect (general reaction), Helpfulness (clarity), Control (controlling), and Learnability (ease) are below average and have not been said to be good enough.
 Conclusion. The test results of the Software Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI) of the SLiMS system are very efficient in helping work. This is obtained from the value of the efficiency scale which is above the average score and 4 indicators that have a low average score, namely affect, helpfulness, control, and learnability. Suggestions for further research can be carried out on SLiMS 9 Bulian using the original version of SUMI without being translated into Indonesian so that the differences with this study can be seen.

Strategies for reducing healthcare supply chain inventory costs

PurposeThis study aims to identify empirically proven strategies for reducing healthcare supply chain inventory costs.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducted in-depth interviews in 80 hospitals covering different supply chains. The author treated the healthcare firm as the unit of analysis and examined Vrat's taxonomy of inventory models based on the static and dynamic complexity theories of inventory models to identify an appropriate approach. The author addressed 33 highly priced and moderately priced stock-keeping units from 1,432 items and test several inventory policies. Next, the author applied combinations of inventory models, testing probabilistic hybrid inventory models.FindingsThe study finds that medical supplies, equipment, and medications are indispensable for a quality healthcare system. Hence, healthcare supply chain management (SCM) professionals must adopt basic inventory cost-reduction strategies, implementing inventory software functionalities effectively and efficiently. This study shows that probabilistic hybrid inventory techniques in healthcare SCM effectively determine an optimal stocking level, significantly reducing costs.Research limitations/implicationsThis study analyzes data from primary care and (to some extent) secondary care institutions. Although tertiary and quaternary care systems do not represent a large portion of the healthcare system, future research should also address these highly specialized organizations' needs.Practical implicationsThis study proposes practical strategies to help continuously improve supply chain operations in healthcare organizations worldwide.Originality/valueThis study suggests probabilistic hybrid inventory models as empirically proven solutions for evaluating stock-keeping units in the healthcare sector. In doing so, the study provides a new healthcare supply chain approach, proposing a modified taxonomy of inventory models.

Multispecies and high-spatiotemporal-resolution database of vehicular emissions in Brazil

Abstract. In this article, we present the BRAzilian Vehicular Emissions inventory Software (BRAVES) database, a multispecies and high-spatiotemporal-resolution database of vehicular emissions in Brazil. We provide this database using spatial disaggregation based on road density, temporal disaggregation using vehicular flow profiles, and chemical speciation based on local studies and the SPECIATE 5.1 database from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Our BRAVES database provides hourly and annual emissions of 41 gaseous and particle pollutants, where users can define the spatial resolution, which ranges from a coarse to a very refined scale. Spatial correlation analysis reveals that the BRAVES database reaches better performance than the vehicular emissions inventory from the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). A comparison with the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) surface concentration confirms the consistency and reliability of the BRAVES database in representing the spatial pattern of vehicular emissions. Compared to EDGAR, the BRAVES database brings more spatial, temporal, and chemical details. These additional features are crucial to understanding important atmospheric chemistry processes in Brazil. All codes and inputs are freely available, and the outputs are compatible with the input requirements of sophisticated chemical transport models. We envision that our database will enable the scientific and environmental community to gain new insights into vehicular emissions and their effects in Brazil, where emissions inventories are scarce and urgently needed. The BRAVES database is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6588692 (Hoinaski et al., 2022).

Brazilian vehicular emission inventory software – BRAVES

• We present the BRAzilian Vehicular Emissions inventory Software – BRAVES. • The new method combines a top-down approach with county vehicular information. • The model calculates emissions by fleet category and emission process at county scale. • Local emissions patterns are captured by our new model. • Our model is easily adapted to other developing countries and data scarce regions. In this work, we present the BRAzilian Vehicular Emissions inventory Software - BRAVES which combines a bottom-up method with fleet information of each county. The new model uses a probabilistic approach that accounts for the fleet characteristics, fuel consumption, vehicle deterioration, and intensity of use, to calculate the vehicular emissions from the exhaust, tires, roads, brakes wear, soil resuspension, refueling, and evaporative emissions. Brazil is the fourth largest vehicle producer in the world. However, there is a lack of detailed information on vehicular emissions, especially in middle and small counties. BRAVES can estimate emissions of a larger variety of pollutants at the county scale and segregate the emissions by formation process and fleet category, a major advantage over national and state inventories. BRAVES is a compromise of more sophisticated models that provide detailed information in data-scarce areas, like small counties and could be easily adapted to other developing countries.

Carbon emissions in the field of land use, land use change, and forestry in the Vietnam mainland

The biennial report of Vietnam includes updated information on the greenhouse gas emissions for the base years which are specified by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change for reporting on greenhouse gas emissions by member nations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The estimation of greenhouse gas emissions in general and carbon emissions in particular in the field of land use, land use change, and forestry using advanced technology to provide the input data was recommended. Remote sensing technology with transparency, multi-time characteristics, and wide coverage is useful in this area. An experiment on carbon emission estimation was carried out based on land cover change over ten years between 2002 and 2012. The results obtained by remote sensing data classification for the land cover categories achieved a reliability of 68% for the year 2002 and 67% for the year 2012. Data in relation to the land cover change, soil zoning, and ecological/climate zoning in the Vietnamese mainland, through the process of integrating, processing, and synthesizing data, and using the reported activity data and carbon emission coefficients, were input into the Agriculture and Land Use Greenhouse Gas Inventory Software for carbon emission estimations based on the quality control and quality assurance work.

Building Land Cover Objects Following the IPCC Guidelines for Carbon Emission Estimation. Case Study in the Central Highlands of Vietnam

We estimated the carbon emissions in the field of Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) by using advanced technology to build the input data. Remote sensing, including satellite remote sensing and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) with transparency, multi-time, and wide coverage characteristics, is useful in this area. The article focuses on the proposed regulations and building process of subjects in the land cover of the Vietnamese mainland following the guidance of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as applied to carbon emission estimation. We propose a process to estimate carbon emissions using the Agriculture and Land Use Greenhouse Gas Inventory software with input data extracted from the remote sensing images. An experiment on land cover change was carried out over ten years between 2006 and 2016 in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The results obtained with remote sensing data classification for land cover categories achieved a reliability of 69% for the year 2006 and 66% for the year 2016. The carbon emission estimation data were checked and used in Vietnam’s biennial update report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, including content and updated information on the greenhouse gas inventory.

Conceptual Design of Inventory Analysis Software to Support the Life Cycle Assessment in Palm Oil Production

Life cycle assessment is a quantitative method to analyze the environmental impact that consists of four main activities: goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact assessment, and interpretation. The application of the life cycle in palm oil industry are very important and already conducted by many researchers. However, the most difficult task in life cycle assessment are the life cycle inventory. In this research, this study proposed the software to support the life cycle inventory in palm oil production. The result of the study was the conceptual design of the life cycle inventory software.

Technology and economic analysis of urban waste potential (case study of Jatibarang landfill)

The high volume of waste produced by both industry and society is common in almost all cities. For this reason, it is necessary to control the increase in the volume of waste and its implications for the environment. The scenario used in this research is to design a power plant that can be used to control the increase in the volume of waste, namely PLTSa (Waste Power Plant). PLTSa uses organic waste from trash to generate clean, renewable energy, powering communities, and reducing emissions. At the PLTSa, the organic waste is fed into a digester tank, where it is converted into methane by bacteria. The gas is then sent to the waste power plant, which generates 0.9 MW of power. The PLTSa supports the Indonesian government’s plan to increase electricity in the country by 35,000 MW from 2015 to 2019, and for 25% of that electricity to be generated from renewable sources. The government’s plan was in response to a shortage of electricity generation capacity as demand in the country grows. The data analysis method used to analyze the research data is an analysis using the IPCC Inventory software and the LFGcost-Web Landfill Gas Emission Model (LandGEM). Data analysis results in the form of projections of biogas potential and electrical energy will be used to build PLTSa. Waste-to-energy generation is being increasingly looked at as a potential energy diversification strategy, especially in Indonesia and PLTSa (Waste Power Plants) in several cities in Indonesia.

Emission profile of Pakistan’s agriculture: past trends and future projections

Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a global concern after Paris Agreement (PA). Identification of GHG emission sources and accurate and precise estimation of the corresponding emissions is the first step to meet reduction targets under PA. Increasing share of agricultural emissions in the global concentration has raised concerns on this sector. Now, reducing agricultural emissions without compromising food security is a real challenge. The present study was aimed to provide the current emission profile of Pakistan’s agriculture, historical emission trends and future projections under agricultural growth scenarios according to prescribed guidelines of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for national GHGs inventory development. In this study, GHG emissions were estimated using United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Non-Annex-I Inventory Software (NAIIS), version 1.3.2 as per prescribed Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines. In these emission estimations, tier-1 approach (which employs default emission factors) was used in accordance with national circumstances and data availability in the country. The emissions baseline was projected for 2030 under business as usual (BAU), food security (FS) and enhanced consumption pattern (ECP) scenarios. Agriculture sector emitted 174.6 million tons (Mt) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-equivalent) emissions, of which 89.8 Mt is methane (CH4) and 83.7 Mt is nitrous oxide (N2O). Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were found to be 1.07 Mt of CO2-equivalent. Emission from agricultural soils constituted 45.5% of the total agricultural emissions followed by 45.1% from enteric fermentation and 6.5% from livestock manure management. The rest of 1.7% of the emissions were from rice cultivation followed by 1.1% from burning of crop residue. Historical emission trends showed that the agricultural emissions grew from 71.6 to 174.6 Mt of CO2-equivalent from 1994 to 2015, a 143.8% increase over the period of 21 years. Emissions baseline projections were found to be 271.9, 314.3 and 362.9 Mt tons of CO2-equivalent under BAU, FS and ECP scenarios, respectively.

Technical and Economic Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Potential for Waste to Energy Plant (Case Study: Jatibarang Landfill Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia)

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is still a serious problem in Indonesia. As well as following up on the Indonesian Government’s commitment to reduce carbon emissions, a Presidential decree Perpres Number 18 of 2016 concerning the Acceleration of the Development of Waste-Based Power Plants was made. It is expected that the construction of Waste-Based Power Plants from landfills can reduce the budget deficit in handling municipal waste while maintaining environmental preservation. This research calculates the potential of landfill gas that can be produced from the landfill waste dumps of Jatibarang, as well as the capacity of electrical energy that can be produced. Furthermore, with several types of plant scenarios used, it can be seen the economic feasibility of the construction of a Waste Based Power Plant in Jatibarang landfill. The landfill gas potential and economic feasibility for this study are calculated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Inventory Software and LFG-CostWeb from LandGEM. The results showed that only from the electricity sale Standard Reciprocating Engine-Generator Set project may generate a break even in the 6 yr after the operation begins and value of the net present value is USD 755 664 for 15 yr project lifetime.

Exploring greenhouse gas mitigation strategies for agriculture in Africa: The case of Nigeria.

We used the Agriculture and Land Use National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Software to estimate the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Nigerian agriculture sector in 2010. We went ahead to project future GHG emissions up to 2050. Two alternative GHG mitigation scenarios such as moderate (MS) and aggressive (AS) scenarios were developed and examined. Our results showed that total GHG emissions from Nigerian agriculture in 2010 were around 34.9million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent. GHG emissions from livestock accounted for about 69.2 % of the total emissions, making it the largest source of GHG emissions in the sector. Nigeria's agriculture GHG emissions are expected to increase by 94 % in 2050 relative to 2010 levels. Mitigation strategies in the Nigerian agriculture sector that do not compromise food security are limited. However, with the implementation of different GHG mitigation strategies in the alternative scenarios, emissions are expected to fall by around 13.2 % and 26.7 % by 2050 in the MS and AS, respectively, compared to the baseline scenario. While the mitigation potentials are significant, we argue that robust and dedicated policies are required to accelerate climate-smart agriculture in Nigeria.

Finite Element Analysis for Stress Distribution in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack

The component design of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) considerably affects pressure distribution in the PEMFC stack by creating uniform and effective pressure distribution. Assembly and component designs are essential in the PEMFC system to achieve optimal performance and durability of the PEMFC stack. Inadequate pressure in the stacking process can damage the cells and cause leakage and contact resistance. Moreover, an uneven distribution of pressure produces hot spots that can damage the system. Achieving the optimal design with reduced production cost requires pressure distribution simulation during the assembly. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to analyze system behavior with pressure variation during assembly by using Autodesk Inventory software. This study discussed the geometric modeling and FEA of the tensile distribution of the PEMFC stack. The detailed components reported on the geometry, dimensions, and mechanical properties of PEMFC components, such as membranes, gas diffusion layers, end plates, and bipolar plates. Results from the simulations showed no significant difference in the deformation of cells in the PEMFC stack, with changes in tensile distribution.