Inventory Supply Research Articles

Application of medical supply inventory model based on deep learning and big data

The existing management structure of medical supply inventory (MSI) is not sufficiently effective, and it is incompetent to solve the problems of medical supply stock control in public security emergencies. Therefore, deep learning and big data technology are employed in this work to optimize the stock control structure and enhance management efficiency, so that the optimized management structure can play an excellent role in the material supply of emergencies. After browsing copious literature, the economic ordering models with infinite/limited supply rate and without shortage are innovatively constructed to realize efficient management of emergency supplies inventory. Besides, the optimized fixed-point and quantitative ordering method of safety stock is employed to construct the MSI models for scarce emergency supplies and the time-sensitive emergency supplies, respectively. Then, an earthquake-related emergency is taken as a case and data source to evaluate the solution results of the emergency MSI model. Moreover, the stacked auto-encoders (SAE) algorithm is used to build the demand prediction model for MSI. Finally, a simulation experiment compares the SAE-based demand prediction model for MSI with a back propagation neural network (BPNN) model and radial basis function network (RBFN) model to verify the model’s performance. The experimental results demonstrate that after 150 times of training, the error between the predicted value and the actual value of each model is within 30, and the prediction accuracy is significantly improved. After 170 times of network training, the mean absolute error (MAE) values of BPNN model and RBFN model are 31.98 and 73.73, respectively. In contrast, the MAE value of the SAE-based model is 21.32, which is superior to the other two models. Evidently, the management structure of MSI is optimized by dividing the emergency MSI into three MSI models for the critical emergency supplies, scarce emergency supplies, and the time-sensitive emergency supplies. The research outcome can provide essential logistical support for dealing with public security emergencies.

A Study on Customer Preference and Problems on Retailing with Special Reference to Chennai City

India is set for high growth in consumer expenditure. With India's large ‘young’ population and high domestic consumption, the macro trends for the sector look favorable. Within retail, the emerging sectors would be food and grocery, apparel, electronics, e-commerce, fashion and lifestyle. Incorporation of technology in the organized retail segment has been something to reckon with in the past few years. Use of computers for merchandise planning and management, control of inventory costs and supplies and replenishment of goods done electronically, internal store billing, etc. has changed the face of product retailing

Driving Supply to Marketplaces: Optimal Platform Pricing When Suppliers Share Inventory

Problem definition: Marketplace platforms such as Amazon or Farfetch provide a convenient meeting point between customers and suppliers and have become an important element of e-commerce. This sales channel is particularly interesting for suppliers that sell seasonal goods under a tight time frame because they provide expanded reach to potential customers even though it entails lower margins. In this dyadic relationship, a supplier needs to optimize when to share inventory with the platform, and the platform needs to set the right commission structure during the season. Academic/practical relevance: We characterize supplier participation into the platform in a dynamic setting and link it to inventory levels, demand rates, time left in the season, and commission structure. This directly drives the commission structure decision made by the platform. We, thus, provide a framework to evaluate platform commission fee policies, taking into account supplier responses. Methodology: We use an optimal control framework with limited inventory supply and a stochastic demand process. We study the conditions under which the supplier accepts participation and use the platform as a sales channel. We also study the optimal commission structure that the platform should employ and the supplier procurement response. Results: We find that suppliers only participate if inventory is high relative to the time left to sell the items. As a result, the platform can only offer limited supply at the beginning of the season. Given this behavior, we find that the platform and the system are always better off with flexible pricing via fully dynamic commissions, which hurts the supplier the most (better off with less flexible commission fees). Interestingly, when the inventory decision is contingent on the platform pricing policy, the platform often finds it beneficial to commit to a static fee to incentivize the supplier to stock up, highlighting that inability to commit to fixed commissions may destroy value through double marginalization effects. Managerial implications: Our work suggests that short-term profit for the platform is maximized with fully dynamic commission fees at the expense of supplier profit. If inventory is endogenous, suppliers can retaliate by reducing their commitment at the start of the season. Despite the increased revenue obtained with the fully dynamic commission fee, the lost sales from the inventory drop incentivize the platform to opt for supplier-friendly commission fees, which are better for long-term profit.

ANALYSIS OF LEAN MANUFACTURING WASTE FACTORS IN THE BREWING INDUSTRY OF ENSENADA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO

This research was developed to evaluate the eight wastes in a brewing industry located in the city of Ensenada, where they were presented each daily period, worrying supervisory, specialized and managerial personnel. This process was developed by applying continuous improvement to increase productivity and quality indexes, and thus obtain a reduction in costs. To carry out the application of continuous improvement, the supply chain and inventories had to be reduced, which was a problematic situation that was constantly presented, as well as an analysis to create robust systems and raw material delivery in the required times and in the right places. Another relevant factor evaluated was the improvement of the plant distribution, where processes were presented where long periods of time were generated between each industrial operation carried out. Once these new processes were developed, productivity and quality indices greater than 75% were obtained, and economic gains were generated, where previously they were a maximum of 50%, which generated economic losses. The investigation was made from 2019 to 2020.

Innovative HPIS regulation system enhancing reactor safety in SBLOCA for WWER-1000/V446 NPP

To improve the safety level of WWER-1000/V446 reactor in SBLOCAs an innovative regulating system is proposed. Regarding the HPIS flow during SBLOCA, the operator action is limited to turning on/off the HPIS pumps to control the leakage flowrate in terms of the deviation of outlet temperature from its saturation. This may result in additional issues such as pump failure to provide the required head, ECCS recirculation valves failures and electrical technical limits. To overcome these limitations, the proposed regulator system adjusts the coolant flow injection rate. The system applies the primary side saturation temperature difference to control the HPIS flow, compensates the leakage and reduces the pressure of primary side. Hence maintaining the boron water supply inventory and delaying the core heatup. The regulators are installed in each train of HPIS. A validated RELAP5 model of WWER-1000 for SBLOCA analysis is employed to assess the proposed regulating system. The results indicates significant safety enhancement for 25, 50 and 100 mm SBLOCA.

НФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЯК ЧИННИК ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ СКЛАДСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The creation of a modern warehouse is a complex process that requires a systematic approach, the involvement of qualified specialists and the consideration of many factors that affect the planning of the territory, the determination of the parameters of the territory and warehouse, the construction of the facility, the selection of equipment and software, the development and implementation of storage technology, ensuring the object's vital activity. One of the most important processes in warehouse management is logistics. Although, this process is extremely complex because it requires full coordination of the inventory supply functions, as well as cargo processing and order distribution. As a result of the research, it was outlined that the new paradigm of logistics is flexibility. After all, the ability to react and adapt quickly and flexibly is of crucial importance. It was determined that the use of mobile robots, which replace stationary conveyor equipment, allows the field to quickly complete orders, to always appear on time when they are needed at a specific moment. It is noted that currently, logistics centers around the globe use various mobile platform systems. This is quite justified for the organization of warehouse work in modern conditions, because even a small fleet of unmanned vehicles allows you to better structure processes, optimize the management of material resources, and reduce costs. Localization, movement control and tracking in warehouses are new trends in the development of logistics. The algorithm of placing and moving goods in the warehouse will be formed from the choice of the method of storing goods. The technical equipment of the warehouse is important. Technical equipment is selected based on the specifics of the working conditions and conditions of storage of goods. The development of a specialized digital solution for the warehouse to order is the creation of an individual service for a certain company, taking into account the peculiarities of all business processes. As a rule, similar programs are used in distribution centers, where there is a huge list of various products and more than a thousand operations take place in one hour. The use of information technologies in the warehouse is an important step for optimizing product flows. The creation of automated warehouse systems will save on labor costs, increase productivity and reduce operating costs. An automated warehouse can also eliminate order picking errors and increase warehouse throughput. For most companies, the creation of automated warehouses is a global task that affects all company divisions at the same time.Keywords: warehouse logistics, digitalization, automation of warehouse processes, robotics, flexibility, address storage, efficiency

Perancangan Sistem Persediaan Barang Habis Pakai Di Politeknik Jambi

Inventories can be interpreted as goods that are stored and used or sold in the future or period to come. Inventory must be determined first before the sale is made so that the company must determine the optimal amount of merchandise inventory so that the number of purchases can reach the minimum purchase amount. To achieve the effectiveness of modern inventory supplies, universities or colleges must make changes that can encourage activity towards inventory and cost efficiency. The purpose of this study is to analyze the total cost of inventory and make it easier to record inventory using a web-based application in PHP, and a MySQL database.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PERSEDIAAN BARANG HABIS PAKAI DI POLITEKNIK JAMBI

Inventories can be interpreted as goods that are stored and used or sold in the future or period to come. Inventory must be determined first before the sale is made so that the company must determine the optimal amount of merchandise inventory so that the number of purchases can reach the minimum purchase amount. To achieve the effectiveness of modern inventory supplies, universities or colleges must make changes that can encourage activity towards inventory and cost efficiency. The purpose of this study is to analyze the total cost of inventory and make it easier to record inventory using a web-based application in PHP, and a MySQL database.

Inventory Audit and Supply Management: An Evidence of Inventory Control Practices.

Supply management is increasingly becoming a focus in this 21st century. For an organisation to compete and successfully operate in the current risky supply management atmosphere, it must apply control measures that are effective within its internal supply management. The supply management environment today is characterised by many risk factors that may have a negative impact on the inventory control operations of an enterprise. However, there is an outcry in the universities procurement sector for inadequate stock control. The paper aims to establish the relationship between inventory audit and supply management in public and private universities in Nakuru County. The study was guided by stock diffusion. The study adopted a correlation research design. The target population of this study was 115 employees drawn from the procurement department from Egerton and Kabarak University since their headquarters are found in Nakuru County. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select the respondents of the study from the two Universities. Taro Yamane’s formula was used to obtain a sample size of 89 respondents. The data were analysed using both quantitative and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that inventory audits were efficiently done. This was improved by ensuring accuracy in recording. The universities also ensure that costs are well controlled to reduce waste and mismanagement of resources in the universities. The inventory audit was also done periodically to ensure all university property and resources were secured. Hence, there existed a significant relationship between inventory audit and supply management (R = 0.836, P<0.05). The study concluded that inventory auditing had a significant influence on supply management. The study recommended that the universities had room for the elimination of shortages, losses and wastage through periodic inventory audits. The universities should also adopt an electronic inventory management system that can make tracking easy

Input Quantity Decision and Coordination Mechanism with Two Production Chances and Yield Uncertainty

Conducting a second production run can improve the company’s capability of meeting the market demand. Few works examine optimal input quantity decisions under the mode with two production chances considering demand and yield uncertainty. We propose a vendor-managed inventory (VMI) supply chain with one supplier and one retailer. The supplier has two production chances and faces yield uncertainty in each production run. It is necessary for the supplier to make trade-offs between the cost and benefit of the second production run, then decide whether to conduct the second production run. We investigate the supplier’s optimal input quantity decision in each production run and obtain the supply chain members’ expected profits. As a comparison, the mode with one production chance is also developed. We find that two production chances can help improve the performance of the supply chain under yield uncertainty. A revenue-sharing contract is introduced to coordinate the supply chain with two production chances, and efficient profit allocation is achieved through adjusting the revenue-sharing ratio and the wholesale price. An extension is conducted for a sensitivity analysis of unit punishment cost on the supplier’s input quantity decisions.

Inventory strategy development under supply disruption risk

This paper proposes a multi-period decision-making framework that enables procurement managers to develop an optimal supply inventory strategy under uncertain supply conditions. The framework draws on financial options valuation techniques by adopting the view of a procurement manager facing several uncertainties, while seeking to maximise its profit by exercising its flexibility to procure supplies and use inventories. Given the multitude of uncertain variables influencing inventory management decision in practice, the model is developed to remain robust to the inclusion of several underlying stochastic variables; it uses an American options valuation method and a least squares Monte Carlo simulation technique to solve the underlying dynamic programming problem. To demonstrate the application of the developed framework, a case study is presented based on data from a dairy supply chain. The case study explores the decision problem in several scenarios, showing how a decision-maker’s perception of product demand and supply price uncertainties, expectations over the timing of a supply disruption, discount rate, price shocks and disruption duration can be suitably incorporated into the decision-making framework.

Impacts of COVID-19 and elective surgery cancellations on platelet supply and utilization in the Canadian Province of British Columbia.

Background and ObjectivesThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic raised concerns about the vulnerability of platelet supply and the uncertain impact of the resumption of elective surgery on utilization. We report the impact of COVID‐19 on platelet supply and utilization across a large, integrated healthcare system in the Canadian province of British Columbia (BC).Materials and MethodsHistorical platelet use in BC by indication was compiled for fiscal year 2010/2011–2019/2020. Platelet collections, initial daily inventory and disposition data were assessed pre‐COVID‐19 (1 April 2018–15 March 2020) and for two COVID‐19 time periods in BC: a shutdown phase with elective surgeries halted (16 March–17 May, 2020) and a renewal phase when elective surgeries resumed (18 May–27 September 2020); comparisons were made provincially and for individual health authorities.ResultsHistorically, elective surgeries accounted for 10% of platelets transfused in BC. Initial daily supplier inventory increased from baseline during both COVID‐19 periods (93/90 units vs. 75 units pre‐COVID‐19). During the shutdown phase, platelet utilization decreased 10.4% (41 units/week; p < 0.0001), and remained significantly decreased during the ensuing renewal period. Decreased platelet utilization was attributed to fewer transfusions during the shutdown phase followed by a decreased discard/expiry rate during the renewal phase compared to pre‐COVID‐19 (15.2% vs. 18.9% pre‐COVID‐19; p < 0.0001). Differences in COVID‐19 platelet utilization patterns were noted between health authorities.ConclusionDecreased platelet utilization was observed in BC compared to pre‐COVID‐19, likely due to a transient reduction in elective surgery as well as practice and policy changes triggered by pandemic concerns.

Creating Solutions for Meeting the Challenges of Maintaining a Healthy Work Practice: Our Experience at a County Hospital

Creating Solutions for Meeting the Challenges of Maintaining a Healthy Work Practice: Our Experience at a County Hospital

Analysis of Deteriorating Inventory Work (2016-2019)

In the present review paper, we are presenting comprehensive information about the advances and recent researches made in the field of inventory supply chain for deteriorating items. This paper studied some characteristics which are playing important role in management area of deteriorating inventory supply chains. We have categorize our reviewed papers according to the keywords like demand rate, deterioration rate, two warehouses dispatching policy, green supply chain, permissible delay in payments and some strategies like vendor managed inventory (VMI), Stackelberg Game, sale, discount, effects of dynamic pricing of deteriorating items on income and deterioration, unexpected deterioration identification etc. The research work which is tabulated in this paper offer clear information about the inventory supply chain of deteriorating items. We have also provided future research directions in this area.

Modelling Sustainable Development Aspects within Inventory Supply Strategies

Nowadays, inventory management is a tool that must be extended to cover all aspects of the supply chain (SC). One of these aspects is Sustainable Development (SD) which emphasizes the balance between economic well-being, natural resources, and society. As inventory involves the use of natural and economic resources, the integration of SD criteria is important for a more efficient and sustainable SC. In this work, the most important SD variables associated with inventory management were identified. These variables were integrated as cost elements within a nondeterministic inventory control model to include SD criteria within inventory supply strategies. Through the assessment of the proposed integrated model, it was determined that, although SD practices involve additional investments, specific practices such as reuse/recycling and government incentives can increase revenue and profits. This is important for the development of government and business strategies to perform sustainable practices.

Assessment of Supply Chain Management Resilience within Saudi Medical Laboratories during Covid-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 pandemic has affected global supply chains disrupting local inventory management. Multiple studies have shed light on the scarcity of personal protective equipment. Still, not much data was seen on how this crisis resulted in the disruption of other health care sectors. This paper studies how this crisis affected supply chains and inventory management on the laboratory commodities during the Covid-19 pandemic within Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional qualitative study targeting laboratory personals and suppliers in Saudi Arabia is conducted to evaluate laboratory material inventory management. Our sample includes twelve hospitals and ten suppliers.The study revealed that the supply chain functions resilience was moderate to mildly affected during the pandemic. The higher effect in the supply chain functions was in the lead time (58%), followed by purchasing (33%), then the inventory (25 %). The actual lab supply was significantly affected in 2 hospitals only, moderately affected in 7 hospitals (58%), and mildly affected in 2 hospitals. The unavailability of reagents was the highest result of the disruption (50%) besides the price change and lack of alternatives. Almost (86 %) of suppliers reported that their service was partially affected in most supply chain functions although they claimed having reasonable resilience measures/processes to sustain their operations. The highest risk mitigation process were the backup supply, recovery plan, and emergency/disaster agreements coverage. Most than half of the organizations reported that they have mature resilience measures. This leads us to conclude that both laboratory and supplier inventory and supply chain management had reasonable resilience processes in Saudi Arabia. Those measures were clear in minimizing the disruption effects caused by the pandemic and having a moderate impact on the laboratory operations.

Market-Oriented Procurement Planning Leading to a Higher Service Level and Cost Optimization

The current global market situation pursues high adaptability, but why? Complexity due to mass customization is greater than ever. Globalization is no longer a theory but a fact that makes disruptions in the globalized supply chain a major risk for operations. In this context, customers demand novelty and unique experiences. These are the main drivers for market success. Therefore, existing products are now in continuous states of change with shortened product lifecycles. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of new market entries and product changes along the lifecycle as well as supply chain disruptions in supplier inventory levels. The goal is to minimize costs by achieving a given service level with a market-oriented procurement planning model. The model pursues minimizing the time needed to align the system with the market and, therefore, the adaptability of the system. The research compares classical inventory management models with the new proposed approach by means of simulation with the system dynamics methodology. The results show how the proposed model increased the delivery service level, reduced inventory costs, and increased the utilization of resources due to lower demand uncertainty. Therefore, the developed model is able to plan the inventory supply with a low risk of stock outages. The conclusion proposes a differentiated forecasting and inventory strategy depending on the product lifecycle stage. The developed market-oriented procurement planning model provides guidance for inventory managers regarding how to optimize their operations as an opportunity within the fourth industrial revolution to develop information technology (IT) systems to gather and utilize demand and inventory data with real-time efficiency.

An EPQ model with time proportion deterioration and ramp type demand under different payment schemes with fuzzy uncertainties

To ensure the order of goods and to attract the retailers and small vendors through discounts, the advance payment is a well-practised real life phenomenon in present market scenario and is being well studied in the field of inventory modelling and supply chain. Almost all inventory models depend upon the demands of the customers. Thus, demand is an important characteristic. The items may decay or deteriorate with time and loss their values partly or in full. The parameters might fluctuate due to various reasons and is more realistic to consider the uncertainty of the parameters rather than their fixed values. A deteriorating inventory model for a single item without shortage is developed in this paper. The crisp models are developed without and with advance payment schemes having time dependent ramp type demand and time proportion deterioration rate. The corresponding fuzzy models are formulated in which several parameters involved are taken as pentagonal fuzzy numbers to incorporate the uncertainties. We used the Regular Weighted Point method to convert the fuzzy numbers into the crisp numbers in order to make the computations affordable. We presented some numerical examples and studied the changing effects of different inventory parameters. Managerial insights are also described.

Vendor-managed inventory supply chain coordination based on commitment-penalty contracts with bilateral asymmetric information

ABSTRACT Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is adopted to improve the efficiency of overall supply chain. Research shows that asymmetric information might cause supply chain inefficiency. This study looks at how VMI supply chain coordination can be achieved in an asymmetric information environment. We propose a commitment penalty contract to improve the performance of a VMI supply chain where the manufacturer holds private production cost information and the retailer holds private demand information. The replenishment quantity and contract under symmetric information and bilateral asymmetric information are solved respectively. We find that the commitment penalty contract may reveal the private information of the manufacturer and the retailer can coordinate the supply chain under the asymmetric information of bilateral information. We present numerical examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the contract and develop managerial guidelines.

Interpretação do patrimônio cultural por meio da roteirização turística da Avenida 7 de Setembro, Manaus, AM

O espaço urbano proporciona o conhecimento das diversas manifestações da sociedade materializado em suas ruas, avenidas, edificações e praças, permitindo uma melhor compreensão do processo que, ao longo do tempo, foi responsável por sua configuração. Assim, buscou-se identificar as possibilidades de interpretação patrimonial de uma cidade, por meio da Avenida 7 de Setembro, espaço representativo da história de Manaus nos períodos pré-colonial, colonial, império e república, marcados por sua construção e suas edificações. A metodologia é qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, com a utilização de fontes bibliográficas, documentais, de instrumentos como inventário turístico, observação e entrevista. A paisagem construída na avenida é consequência da formação social e econômica da região, onde as principais modificações ocorridas foram resultado da circulação de mercadorias e do capital financeiro de dois grandes marcos de desenvolvimento econômico e social no estado e na capital: o ciclo da borracha (1860-1930) e a criação da Zona Franca de Manaus (a partir de 1967 até hoje). Outro resultado da pesquisa é a sugestão de um roteiro turístico interpretativo pela Avenida 7 de Setembro, com a finalidade principal de diversificação da oferta turística local, valorização patrimonial e facilitação da compreensão desse espaço.