Inventory Of Functional Status Research Articles

Symptom experience and functional status among HIV-infected women

Irrespective of powerful drug therapies, there has been a slight increase in newly diagnosed cases of AIDS in women. HIV/AIDS-related symptoms develop from the illness itself, treatments or medications. Symptoms and their reoccurrence remain problematic. This study is a secondary analysis of data exploring symptoms, symptom distress and functional status in 104 ethnically diverse HIV-positive women. Measures included the Brief Symptom Inventory, a General Symptom Questionnaire, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Inventory of Functional Status. Findings indicate that this sample of women was distressed, at risk for depression and had a moderate level of physical functioning. These findings support the need for symptom management interventions that enhance emotional wellbeing and self-care activities for HIV-infected women.

A longitudinal study of functional status and correlates following coronary artery bypass graft surgery in women.

There is limited information available to help women gauge their functional status following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. This article describes changes in functional status and the influence of comorbidity, household composition, fatigue, and surgical pain on functional status in women during the first 6 weeks at home following coronary artery bypass surgery. A single-group longitudinal design was used for this research. Women were interviewed in person before hospital discharge and by telephone at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after discharge. Functional status was assessed by (a) the Inventory of Functional Status in the Elderly and subscales of the Sickness Impact Profile; (b) comorbid conditions by simple tally; and (c) fatigue and surgical pain by the Energy/Fatigue and Pain Severity subscales of the MOS Patient Assessment Questionnaire. Women experienced significant gains in functional status over 6 weeks, particularly between 2 and 4 weeks. They engaged most frequently in personal care and low-level household activities during the study period, and most reported improvement in their overall functional status. None of the women were completely recovered or had regained baseline functional status by 6 weeks. The women experienced significant decreases in fatigue and surgical pain, but continued to experience both at 6 weeks. Fatigue and surgical pain were significantly correlated at all time periods. Information about recovery following coronary artery bypass graft, and particularly the finding that recovery is incomplete by 6 weeks, should be incorporated into discharge planning and follow-up for this patient population.

Reliability and validity of the Inventory of Functional Status after Childbirth when used in an Australian population.

This study presents the results of reliability and validity testing of the Inventory of Functional Status after Childbirth (IFSAC) when used in an Australian sample. Data were obtained from a culturally diverse group of 173 women residing in a regional city in New South Wales, Australia. Participants could read and write English, delivered healthy infants between 37 and 42 weeks gestation and experienced normal pregnancies, labors, and deliveries. The inventory and its five scales were assessed for reliability using Cronbach's coefficient alpha and construct validity using item-total correlation matrices. While three of the IFSAC scales performed well, two were problematic in this Australian population. With modification and updating, the clinical utility of IFSAC may be more fully realized.

Anxiety and functional status after childbirth

This prospective longitudinal study explored the relationship between anxiety and functional status after childbirth. Two hundred new mothers aged 20 to 35 years who experienced a normal pregnancy and delivered a healthy term infant were surveyed using the Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth and Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory. All participants attended maternal child health centres in regional New South Wales, Australia. Results revealed a significant increase in functional status during the first six months postpartum and significant correlations were found between functional status and maternal anxiety at six weeks, three months and six months postpartum. The more anxious mothers were also significantly more likely than less anxious mothers to have an unsettled baby, a baby that slept fewer hours at night and were significantly less satisfied with motherhood. Assessing maternal anxiety levels may assist midwives identify women at risk of parenting difficulties and psychological distress postpartum.

INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN Satisfaction With Social Support and Functional Status After Childbirth

To explore the relationship between satisfaction with support and functional status after childbirth. Prospective longitudinal survey design. Two hundred new mothers who had experienced a healthy pregnancy, normal delivery and puerperium, and delivered a healthy infant between 37 and 42 weeks gestation were approached while attending primary healthcare maternal-child health centers and immunization clinics in New South Wales, Australia. Measurement tools included the Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth and the Support Behavior Inventory, and were administered at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. Significant increases in total mean functional scores, scores for household responsibilities, social activities, and self-care were noted. Although no significant correlation was found between satisfaction with social support and functional status after childbirth, satisfaction with support from one's partner decreased significantly during the 6-month survey period, as did satisfaction with support from others. It could be that providers need to assess the social support needs of their clients. A postnatal support plan could be used by mothers to negotiate the long-term involvement of others in household tasks and selected aspects of infant care.

Functional Status After Childbirth in an Australian Sample

To investigate changes in functional status after childbirth from 6 weeks to 6 months post-delivery. Prospective, longitudinal survey. Maternal-child health centers and immunization clinics in regional New South Wales, Australia. Two hundred Australian mothers from culturally diverse backgrounds, ages 20-35 years, who had experienced normal pregnancies, labors, and deliveries and delivered healthy singleton infants between 37 and 42 weeks gestation. The Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth. Significant increases in functional status were noted in household (t = -6.871, df = 311, p = .0001), social (t = -5.856, df = 311, p = .0001), and self-care activities (t = -3.469, df = 313, p = .0006). However, none of the mothers had achieved full functional status by 6 months postdelivery. A gradual resumption of past role-related activities may reflect the normal adjustments required when a woman becomes a mother. Mothers not only resume most aspects of previous roles, but also add to their multiple role demands by assuming primary responsibility for infant care. Further investigations are required to identify why aspects of certain roles are resumed and others are discarded either temporarily or permanently.

Functional status in limb deficiency: Development of an outcome measure for preschool children

Objective: To develop an outcome measure of functional status in preschool children with limb deficiency. Design: Parents of preschool children with limb deficiency completed self-report measures during a routine medical clinic visit. Setting: Outpatient pediatric clinic. Participants: Fifty-two parents of children (ages 4 to 7) with acquired or congenital limb deficiency. Main Outcome Measure: The newly developed Child Amputee Prosthetics Project Functional Status Inventory for Preschool children (CAPP-FSIP). Results: Initial psychometric studies indicate high internal consistency reliability of the new instrument. Content validity was established through expert clinician review. Initial construct validity analyses confirm that the CAPP-FSIP discriminates between children with upper and lower deficiency and their prosthesis use for functional activities. Conclusion: The CAPP-FSIP is a promising new measure for evaluating preschool age children with limb deficiency.

Early Postpartum Discharge: How Are Mothers Managing?

To describe maternal concerns at 2 weeks and mothers' ability to function in various roles at 4 weeks postpartum. Subjects were mailed questionnaires at 2 and 4 weeks postpartum. A mid-Atlantic hospital that is a part of an academic health center. A convenience sample of 100 healthy women who were discharged < or = 48 hours postpartum and met the study criteria. Instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Maternal Concerns Questionnaire, and the Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth. Physiologic concerns during the early postpartum period related primarily to perineal sutures, breast care, body image, and fatigue. More than 25% of the women continued to experience depression at 2 weeks, and 40% had days at 1 month when they never got dressed. Much concern was expressed about the mothering role but little about interaction with the mate. Older maternal age was associated with a longer hospital stay, and the trend suggested improved functioning at 1 month with longer hospitalization. More than half of the participants said they would visit a nurse-run clinic during the 1st postpartum week if given the opportunity. The results provide descriptive information about effects of early hospital discharge. Mothers discharged in 48 hours or less adjust to motherhood without the education and assessment that was formerly possible with extended hospitalization. The current study reinforces the need for nurses to explore strategies in hospitals or communities to provide early care for postpartum mothers.

Development and Testing of the Inventory of Functional Status--Chronic Pain

Development and Testing of the Inventory of Functional Status--Chronic Pain

Development and testing of the Inventory of Functional Status—Chronic Pain

Gender differences have been identified in daily activities and the importance of specific activities. Functional status instruments do not reflect these differences and may provide a biased measurement. The purpose of this 3-phase study was to develop a reliable and valid instrument for measuring functional status in women with chronic pain. The Inventory of Functional Status—Chronic Pain (IFS-CP) measures activities primarily engaged in by women and omits from scoring those activities in which the individual does not usually participate. Content validity was established at 91.5%. Reliability and further validity testing in a sample of 204 women with chronic pain found that internal consistency ranged from 0.61 to 0.94 for item to subscale, and from 0.71 to 0.89 for subscale to total scores. Test—retest reliability was 0.93. Testing of construct validity resulted in significant correlations between functional status and pain severity, pain interference [Multiphasic Pain Inventory (MPI)], perception of pain disability [Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (PAIRS)], and quality of life (QOL Survey). The IFS-CP provides a means of comprehensively assessing the effects of pain on the functional status of women.

An Australian study of functional status after childbirth

To identify key predictive variables of functional status after childbirth. An investigative survey design. Primary health care maternal child health centres in one large city in Victoria, Australia. 200 mothers selected from a culturally diverse population. All were aged 20 to 35 years, had experienced normal pregnancies, labours, deliveries and delivered a healthy baby between 37 and 42 weeks' gestation. MEASURES AND FINDINGS: The Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth (IFSAC) (Fawcett Tulman & Myers 1988) was used as the main outcome measure. Three variables predictive of functional status after childbirth were identified, namely, satisfaction with level of stamina and well-being, sleep pattern at night and perceived lack of support following childbirth. Return to full functional status as measured by IFSAC takes longer than physiological recovery after childbirth. Women who experience diminished well-being, interrupted sleep patterns and lacked support, appeared to be at greater risk of role congestion, overload and dysfunction. To help women avoid the additive nature of assuming the motherhood role while also resuming past role responsibilities, practitioners could encourage pregnant women to develop a postnatal support plan. Women need to be proactive in negotiating specific and ongoing support from others with household responsibilities and some aspects of baby care.

Motherhood experiences from the perspective of first-time mothers.

This study explored the early motherhood experiences of 79 first-time mothers. All women reported normal pregnancies and deliveries, delivered healthy infants at term, and were surveyed at 6 weeks postpartum using the Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth. Mothers' written comments were subjected to a content analysis, and much of their commentary revolved around the "conspiracy of silence" that appeared to exist about the realities of motherhood. Most commented that no one had prepared them for the unrelenting demands of infant care, the level of fatigue they would experience, the loss of personal time and space, and the realities of 24-hour-a-day infant care. The women also cited their partners as their main support person during the early weeks of motherhood. Although maternal child health nurses and midwives are well placed to offer prenatal education and long-term professional support postpartum, perhaps what is needed is active, anticipatory preparation for motherhood that begins long before the first pregnancy becomes a reality.

Functional status after childbirth: A comparison of australian women from english and non-english speaking backgrounds

A survey was used to explore the relationship between English speaking versus non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) and functional status after childbirth. Women were recruited (n=132) from a culturally diverse population and allocated to sub-groups based on their dominant language background. All had experienced an uncomplicated pregnancy, delivery and delivered a healthy infants between 37 and 42 weeks gestation. Mothers were contacted while attending maternal child health centres and surveyed at 6 weeks post delivery using the Inventory Of Functional Status After Childbirth ( Fawcett, Tulman, & Myers, 1988). Functional status scores were not significantly different based on dominant language background, however significantly fewer women of NESB (X 2=7.03, df 1, p=0.02) breast fed their infant.

Mood disturbance in patients with recurrent ventricular dysrhythmia before insertion of implantable cardioverter defibrillator

To examine the relationships among personal factors (demographic variables and trait optimism); situational factors (ejection fraction, functional status, history of sudden cardiac arrest); coping and appraisal processes; and mood disturbance in patients hospitalized for recurrent ventricular dysrhythmia before the insertion of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Descriptive and correlational. Five community and tertiary care hospitals in the southeast and midwest. Eighty-four men and 17 women (aged 24 through 79) scheduled to receive an initial implant of an ICD. VARIABLES AND MEASURES: Trait optimism measured by the Life Orientation Tool; coping measured by the Jalowiec Coping Scale; threat-and-challenge appraisal measured by the Meaning in Illness Questionnaire; functional status measured by the Heart Failure Functional Status Inventory; and total mood disturbance measured by the Profile of Mood States. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that factors of age, sex, optimism, functional status, and history of sudden cardiac arrest accounted for 47% of the variance in the total mood disturbance score (F = 7.44, df = 11.68, p = 0.00) with female sex, and less trait optimism, higher threat appraisal, and more use of evasive coping behavior as significant predictors. These findings can be used to identify patients with recurrent ventricular dysrhythmia who are potentially at risk for mood disturbance in the acute care setting before ICD insertion. Nursing interventions to address these factors can be developed and tested. Longitudinal studies on the response to ICDs should include assessment of preinsertion affective state.

The Alzheimer functional status instrument: An instrument to assess rehabilitation strategies for Alzheimer patients

The Alzheimer Functional St atus Inventory (AFSI) was developed to assess a kinesiotherapy program for 22 randomized pairs ofpatients with Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (SDAT) residing in the Dementia Study Unit of the Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial VA Medical Center; Bedford, Massachusetts. The AFSI was developed by an interdisciplinary team to overcome some of the limitations of standard geriatric instruments to detect changes in functional status in SDAT patients following a rehabilitation program. The AFSI, which is performance-based, includes items adapted from Granger's PULSES Profile and activity disturbances itemsfrom the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD), items on mood andbehaviorduring assessment, as well as, one on communication status. The AFSI thus includes items which evaluate physical, psychosocial, and cognitive dimensions offunctional status. These dimensions are: • Sensory function; • Range of motion skills including lower limb and upper limbfunction; • Mood state; • Behavioral status; and • Time to complete tasks.

The inventory of functional status—Antepartum period: Development and testing

The Inventory of Functional Status—Antepartum Period (IFSAP) includes six subscales measuring the extent to which a pregnant woman continues her usual household, social and community, childcare, personal care, occupational, and educational activities. Content validity was established at 94.4%. Reliability testing used a sample of 192 pregnant women. Internal consistency reliability using average correlations for the subscale item to subscale total scores ranged from .57 to .87. Subscale to total IFSAP score correlations ranged from .53 to .90. Test-retest reliability used a subsample of 21 pregnant women. The coefficients ranged from .27 to .93. Initial construct validity testing was accomplished by examination of subscale correlations, by comparing IFSAP scores for pregnant women who had no children with those who had children, and by comparing women who had complications and/or restrictions with women who experienced no complications or restrictions. The IFSAP may be used in research and clinical practice to assess functional status during pregnancy.

Development of the inventory of functional status after childbirth

The Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth (IFSAC) contains five subscales designed to measure the mother's readiness to assume infant care and to resume selfcare, household, social and community, and occupational activities following childbirth. Content validity was established at 96.7%. Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability coefficients ranged from 0.56–0.98 for the five subscales. Average correlations for the subscale item to subscale total scores ranged from 0.51–0.78. Subscale to total IFSAC score correlations ranged from 0.53–0.90. Test-retest reliability coefficients for a 4–7 day interval ranged from 0.48–0.93. Initial construct validity testing was accomplished by comparing recovery rates for vaginally and cesarean delivered women. The multidimensionality of the concept of functional status after childbirth was supported empirically, with the magnitude of IFSAC subscale correlations ranging from 0.01–0.53. Further psychometric testing of the IFSAC with large samples of childbearing women is warranted. Clinicians may use the IFSAC to assess functional status following childbirth.