Intuition In Order Research Articles

Self-abnegation, Decentering of Objective Relations, and Intuition of Nature: Toomas Altnurme’s and Cao Jun’s Art

Abstract This article analyzes the artwork of two seemingly distant contemporary artists – Toomas Altnurme and Cao Jun – elucidating their creative processes through the theoretical frameworks of Martin Heidegger, Sigmund Freud, and Henri Bergson. In Section 1, I offer reasons for a side-by-side examination of Altnurme’s and Jun’s art. In my discussion of Altnurme’s art in Section 2, I argue that his process exemplifies Heidegger’s view that artists must abnegate themselves in order for their creations to come into being. In Section 3, I elucidate Jun’s painting in its power to decenter the usual, object-oriented, circumspection of the mind. I ground my analyses in Freud’s concept of dream logic. Freud’s work on dreams allows me to approach Jun’s creative process as a work of translation whereby the artist translates the preconscious elements into images that we – the audience – then see on canvas. In Section 4, where I offer a comparative examination of both artists, I rely on Bergson’s articulation of the importance of intuition in order to show that both Altnurme and Jun create artworks that disclose to us the non-objective dimension of life wherein action or process and possibility take precedence over objectively existing things.

Toward Pedagogies for the Future to Address the Climate Crisis

This exploratory article offers contemplative learning exercises that foster connection and intuition in order to promote adaptive intelligence and anticipatory knowing to address the uncertain future related to climate crisis. The author provides personal snapshots and reflections regarding the impact of the climate crisis and explores hopeful paths for everyday action. In specific, the article suggests that everyday revolutionary acts such as slowing down, practicing humility, and aligning economic choices with core values can make a difference. Drawing on a critical pedagogy of place, the author suggests that connection to the ecological places we inhabit matters much in our efforts toward addressing the climate crisis. A simple solution is offered; we need to harm less, love more.

Research on Geometric Intuition of Junior High School Students in China

Recently, geometric intuition, as one of the core literacies of mathematics in Junior high schools, has received widespread attention. Many scholars have researched this area in China, but it lacks literature that provides a complete overview and collation of geometric intuition. We searched with the keyword geometric intuition through CNKI, and carefully read and categorised the opinions and research approaches of existing research, and draw the following conclusions: (1) Current research in China mainly focuses on four aspects: the connotation and expression of geometric intuition, the value of geometric intuition, the measurement and current situation of geometric intuition, and the cultivation strategies of geometric intuition. (2) There are some shortcomings in previous studies. For example, the methodology is monotonous and the content of geometric intuition require further expanding. (3) There are some gaps in the research on this topic. For example, the connotation of geometric intuition in the new era needs to be explored in-depth. Additionally, there is a lack of operational strategies, which needs to be verified through practical teaching. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the research methodology and expand the scope of research on geometric intuition in order to make this research more comprehensive, systematic, and in-depth.

Интуиция магического в теории: “Медленное чтение” М.О. Гершензона

M.O. Gershenzon theorized that poetry is a magic action which appeals directly to “the primal myth”. The primal myth in the poetic word is opposed to metaphorical meaning in its rhetorical sense (as A.A. Potebnja described it). A poet sees an invisible world and really believes in the existence of ghosts (Gershenzon stated this in The Poet’s Vision, Pushkin’s Wisdom, Gulfstream, etc.). The magic poetic word of antiquity is no longer accessible to the understanding of the modern reader. Therefore, Gershenzon thought, a scholar / exegete must have congenial intuition in order to reveal the word from under layers of obliterated metaphors. It is ironic that for many decades this view was realized as a metaphorical style of thinking, almost destroying itself. But the theoretical ideas connected with this view went unnoticed (unlike the theory of Russian formalists, who also relied on Potebnja’s ideas about the genesis of metaphor). Gershenzon’s theoretical intuition is based on transference of the properties of the studied subject (the primal myth in a poet’s word) into research itself (attempts to reveal the poetic word’s “spell” through slow reading), making the magic a constructive element of the theory.

Архетип безответственного родителя в англоязычном подростково-молодежном романе XXI века

The article considers archetype as a constant primary image that reflects the value system of humanity and, due to its universality, undergoes changes very reluctantly and very slowly, thus reflecting only the most significant tendencies taking place not only in literature but also in culture as a whole, and in the mentality. Such significant changes in the 20th and 21st centuries include the reassessment and redistribution of the parent-child roles when the child reaches adolescence, which is reflected in realistic young adult fiction. The article shows that the binary Mother / Stepmother archetype, built on the dichotomy of ‘loving – ‘unloving’, is losing relevance and gives way to the Parent archetype with ambivalent semantics, whose structure combines positive and negative traits, namely ‘loving, but irresponsible’. The archetype can be found in the characters of Fiona in N. Hornby’s About a Boy, Penny, Carry, and Bess in E. Lockhart’s We Were Liars, Lacy and Alex in J. Picoult’s Nineteen Minutes, etc. Their images of loving mums incapable of caring for their children, wandering from one young adult novel to another, are identical to the images of irresponsible fathers, which allows us to combine these two figures in the Parent archetype. The article reflects upon the reasons for the catastrophe in young adult novels showing how ‘normal’ parents demonstrate lack of attention to their children for reasons such as immaturity, selfishness, lack of mutual understanding, taking the role of a parent for the role of a friend, and a banal lack of time. The article points out the ambiguity inherent in the semantics of the motif of guilt and blame characteristic of contemporary literature in general. The Irresponsible Parent archetype becomes so familiar that in his Incredibly Close & Extremely Loud J. Foer breaks the readers’ expectations when Oscar’s mother turns from careless and inattentive into loving, responsible, and ready to rely on her motherly intuition in order to save Oscar’s physical and psychological health. The article raises the question of the semantics of the motifs of the parents’ love and responsibility to their child in contemporary literature, and outlines the axiological field of the problem young adult novels.

Acousmatic-Creationism: A creative method for acousmatic music inspired by Chilean poet Vicente Huidobro’s aesthetic theories

This article assembles and summarises the main ideas presented in the doctoral thesis entitled ‘Voice and Poetry as Inspiration and Material in Acousmatic Music’ by the author and describes his idiosyncratic method for acousmatic composition based on Chilean poet Vicente Huidobro’s aesthetic theory, which is a system that aims at creating artistic works by taking materials from reality and combining them in unexpected ways. The objective of this combination is an equilibrium between rationality and intuition in order to obtain a poem independent of the real world, in the sense of a poetic outcome which avoids traditional mimesis. This creative system, known asCreacionismo, has a central role between various other theoretical, artistic and mainly poetic sources informing the author’s creative process. Huidobro’s creative system has been applied by the author to acousmatic composition procedures generating the notion ofacousmatic-creationistas a nomenclature for the process. This particular creative strategy balances rationality and intuition within acousmatic composition and places poetry as a driving force in the use of voice, merging artistic practice and theory in a recursive action.

Reism, Concretism and Schopenhauer Diagrams

Abstract Reism or concretism are the labels for a position in ontology and semantics that is represented by various philosophers. As Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz and Jan Woleński have shown, there are two dimensions with which the abstract expression of reism can be made concrete: The ontological dimension of reism says that only things exist; the semantic dimension of reism says that all concepts must be reduced to concrete terms in order to be meaningful. In this paper we argue for the following two theses: (1) Arthur Schopenhauer has advocated a reistic philosophy of language which says that all concepts must ultimately be based on concrete intuition in order to be meaningful. (2) In his semantics, Schopenhauer developed a theory of logic diagrams that can be interpreted by modern means in order to concretize the abstract position of reism. Thus we are not only enhancing Jan Woleński’s list of well-known reists, but we are also adding a diagrammatic dimension to concretism, represented by Schopenhauer.

Freedom, Resentment, and the Metaphysics of Morals by Pamela Hieronymi

Reviewed by: Freedom, Resentment, and the Metaphysics of Morals by Pamela Hieronymi Ekin Erkan HIERONYMI, Pamela. Freedom, Resentment, and the Metaphysics of Morals. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 2020. xx + 168 pp. Cloth, $29.95 Contra the dominant readings, Hieronymi—refusing to sideline concerns of metaphysics for the impasse of normativity—argues that the core of Strawson's argument in "Freedom and Resentment" rests on an implicit and overlooked metaphysics of morals grounded in social naturalism, focusing her discussion on Strawson's conception of objective attitudes. The objective attitude deals with exemption, rather than excuse. This distinction is critical to Strawson's picture of responsibility: In addition to our personal reactive attitudes are their impersonal or vicarious analogues. There are two such cases: first, cases where we suspend or modify reactive attitudes due to error about the quality of the will. In these cases of excuse, we might include an actor who we learn was innocently ignorant, or whose behavior was an accident, and so we see that he or she really meant no harm. Consequently, we exculpate the injury in question. In cases of excuse, we are mistaken about the quality of the actor's will and, thus, our reactive attitude changes, but the moral demands stay. However, one might view other people as equipped with mental attributes and as people about whom one is disposed not to indulge in with those reactive attitudes of resentment, approbation, and so on; this involves viewing others objectively. We encounter these scenarios in the case of small children, people suffering from dementia, or those with forms of other serious mental illness. This second category involves exemption: Rather than reacting with the corresponding reactive attitudes, we view those actors—who lack the capacities required to fit into the usual system tolerably well—objectively, thereby exempting them from the usual demands of ordinary interpersonal relating. Strawson speaks of a "resource" as we sometimes shift from a reactive to an objective attitude even in cases in which the will is neither immature, diseased, nor in extreme or unusual circumstances. These are instrumental scenarios of emotional effort, as demonstrated in scenarios of emotive disengagement from the stresses of involvement, involving a stepping away from the natural reaction to offensive behavior to adopt a more objective attitude. Could or should the acceptance of the determinist thesis lead us always to look on everyone exclusively this way, where the acceptance of determinism could lead to the decay or repudiation of "participant reactive attitudes"? For Strawson's unconvinced pessimist—an incompatibilist about moral responsibility and freedom—a metaphysics of morals could enumerate an argument that starts from claims about the nature of moral requirement or moral demand and reach the conclusion that moral demands require a form of control, possibility, originality, or spontaneity, which is ruled out by the truth of determinism. It would follow that we would universalize the objective attitude, applying the "resource" indiscriminately. Absent social naturalism, Strawson's rejection of the pessimist's moral standards—that all ordinary interpersonal relating could fail to meet, requiring us to adopt the objective attitude universally—would rest simply on his examination of our practices, on his interpretation of cases in [End Page 150] which we modify or suspend reactive attitudes. The pessimist trades in intermediate moral principles—standards about desert, control, alternatives, possibility, and so on—which they present as intuitively compelling. However, Strawson's analysis demands that we go beyond a simple appeal to intuition in order support these intermediate principles. Why does Strawson think that whether we could or should exempt depends on what is "ordinary," statistically speaking? Consider Strawson's argument that no general thesis could provide a reason to exempt everyone from moral demands: We do and should exempt the outlier cases, and it cannot be the case that everyone is an outlier. Strawson thinks that we have a natural, nonrational commitment to engaging in characteristically interpersonal relationships. The quality of others' wills toward us matters to us and are manifest in their behavior such that we put some set of demands on the quality of others' wills; accordingly, we will react in certain ways when those demands are violated. For Strawson, this fact...

Debunking (the) Retribution (Gap)

Robotization is an increasingly pervasive feature of our lives. Robots with high degrees of autonomy may cause harm, yet in sufficiently complex systems neither the robots nor the human developers may be candidates for moral blame. John Danaher has recently argued that this may lead to a retribution gap, where the human desire for retribution faces a lack of appropriate subjects for retributive blame. The potential social and moral implications of a retribution gap are considerable. I argue that the retributive intuitions that feed into retribution gaps are best understood as deontological intuitions. I apply a debunking argument for deontological intuitions in order to show that retributive intuitions cannot be used to justify retributive punishment in cases of robot harm without clear candidates for blame. The fundamental moral question thus becomes what we ought to do with these retributive intuitions, given that they do not justify retribution. I draw a parallel from recent work on implicit biases to make a case for taking moral responsibility for retributive intuitions. In the same way that we can exert some form of control over our unwanted implicit biases, we can and should do so for unjustified retributive intuitions in cases of robot harm.

Drifting Among Rivers and Lakes: Southern Song Dynasty Poetry and the Problem of Literary History by Michael A. Fuller

Reviewed by: Drifting Among Rivers and Lakes: Southern Song Dynasty Poetry and the Problem of Literary History by Michael A. Fuller Graham Sanders Michael A. Fuller. Drifting Among Rivers and Lakes: Southern Song Dynasty Poetry and the Problem of Literary History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Asia Center, 2013. Pp. 526. $60 (cloth). ISBN 978-0674073227. The Song dynasty is an era, perhaps more so than any other in Chinese history, in which the discussion amongst the literati of the role of patterned written language (wen 文) in society reached new levels of urgency. How does written language express the mind in relation to the world? How is it received and evaluated by others? How does it relate to the cosmos of which it is a part? In this book, Michael Fuller has drawn a clear and detailed picture of the how these questions (and many more) were being asked and answered during the transition from the Northern to the Southern Song, when the very foundations of knowledge were up for debate. The result is a masterful work of scholarship that simultaneously tackles the practice and theory of poetry in China from the eleventh to thirteenth centuries and the problem of trying to write a literary history of that time. The challenge of writing a history of any kind is the question of how to juxtapose the particular and the general in a way that respects the specificity of the particulars while also rendering an intelligible narrative that seeks to elucidate patterns in the relations among particulars. It is an impossible task—there are degrees of success but never complete success. Fuller's account is highly successful in that he makes the terms, parameters, and assumptions that ground his project crystal clear over the course of a five-hundred-page book that is packed with both historical detail and philosophical insight. The Introduction, "Casting Off: A Theoretical Introduction," concisely lays the philosophical groundwork for the rest of the book. Drawing upon Kant's notion of "aesthetic judgment" as a kind of "reflective judgment" that gives one "an intuition of order about a particular object" (20), Fuller defines "the literary" as "the aesthetic organizing of language" (which would serve as a good definition of the Chinese term wen). As observers of the empirical world—including its instantiations of language—we have a sense of what parts of that world are related to one another according to a larger principle, which is often not directly apparent to us. This admits a rather generous notion of the literary, for the aesthetic judgment lies not solely in the fashioner of literary words, but also (perhaps primarily?) in the one who receives them. This means, according to Fuller, "as long as some linguistic utterance is a work that is (or has been) the object of aesthetic experience, it is part of literary [End Page 309] history" (12). This, of course, leads one to ask, what constitutes "aesthetic experience"? To be of any use in the practice of literary history, the notion of aesthetic experience must be historically grounded. In a deft summary of Adorno's view on the "material particularity" of art, Fuller states: "This materiality returned art to history, but history inhered not only in the techniques through which the work was created but also in the play of categories through which the artwork attained its appearance of unity and its status as art" (26). In other words, aesthetic judgments are always made in history using categories that mean something to particular historical actors in given places and times. These actors will often posit the idea of universal and changeless categories of meaning that they imagine transcend their historical moment. In a tantalizing but brief section on the "cognitive turn" (14–18), Fuller suggests that such enduring categories might have a biological basis in the mind but defers further discussion of the issue as being beyond the scope of his book. The danger of looking back at aesthetic judgments made centuries ago in an entirely different culture is that modern critics make their interpretations based on their own assumed categories of meaning. Fuller readily acknowledges that "we cannot hope to entirely understand the discursive and wider...

Human Figure as an Object: Vanja Bučan, photographer

The article analyzes the artistic process of the Berlin-based photographer Vanja Bučan, who always manages to maintain at least some recognizable expression despite her varied approaches. Her works are visually rich, carrying complex meanings and associations. She chooses not to directly reflect the collective and the individual everyday life but depicts universal existentialist motifs where the social perspective is usually shown through metaphors and allegories. The centerpiece of her work is the relationship between culture and nature and between humans and their environment, as well as the ontology of image in mass media circulation. Her photography requires a considerable degree of cerebral activity and intuition in order to sense some of the fundamental questions of humankind in the Anthropocene. Keywords: Anthropocene, art photography, photographic mise-en-scene, representation of nature

Mediation

Is there anything that is given immediately? This question seems to be of crucial importance for Phenomenology, a field perhaps known most principally for its attempt to return directly to the “things themselves.” The seeming simplicity of the idea is appealing: after all, where better for us to start in any philosophical investigation than with things as they appear to us in their most pure or “immediate” state? When put in its historical context as well, Husserl’s phenomenological project could even be interpreted as a breath of fresh air in the midst of the environment of early 20th century philosophy in comparison with the seemingly constructive philosophy of its Neo-Kantian contemporaries. Indeed, rather than starting with a merely systematic account of our cognition and reality, is it not better for us to first return to the world just as it is given to us in perception or intuition in order to have a more faithful account of these issues?

Enriching deontic logic

It is well-known that systems of action deontic logic emerging from a standard analysis of permission in terms of possibility of doing an action without incurring in a violation of the law are subject to paradoxes. In general, paradoxes are acknowledged as such if we have intuitions telling us that things should be different. The aim of this paper is to introduce a paradox-free deontic action system by (i) identifying the basic intuitions leading to the emergence of the paradoxes and (ii) exploiting these intuitions in order to develop a consistent deontic framework, where it can be shown why some phenomena seem to be paradoxical and why they are not so if interpreted in a correct way.

After Non-Euclidean Geometry: Intuition, Truth and the Autonomy of Mathematics

The mathematical developments of the 19th century seemed to undermine Kant’s philosophy. Non-Euclidean geometries challenged Kant’s view that there is a spatial intuition rich enough to yield the truth of Euclidean geometry. Similarly, advancements in algebra challenged the view that temporal intuition provides a foundation for both it and arithmetic. Mathematics seemed increasingly detached from experience as well as its form; moreover, with advances in symbolic logic, mathematical inference also seemed independent of intuition. This paper considers various philosophical responses to these changes, focusing on the idea of modifying Kant’s conception of intuition in order to accommodate the increasing abstractness of mathematics. It is argued that far from clinging to an outdated paradigm, programs based on new conceptions of intuition should be seen as motivated by important philosophical desiderata, such as the truth, apriority, distinctiveness and autonomy of mathematics.

Moral Intuitions, Reliability, and Disagreement

There is an ancient, yet still lively, debate in moral epistemology about the epistemic significance of disagreement. One of the important questions in that debate is whether, and to what extent, the prevalence and persistence of disagreement between our moral intuitions causes problems for those who seek to rely on intuitions in order to make moral decisions, issue moral judgments, and craft moral theories. Meanwhile, in general epistemology, there is a relatively young, and very lively, debate about the epistemic significance of disagreement. A central question in that debate concerns peer disagreement: When I am confronted with an epistemic peer with whom I disagree, how should my confidence in my beliefs change (if at all)? The disagreement debate in moral epistemology has not been brought into much contact with the disagreement debate in general epistemology (though McGrath [2007] is an important exception). A purpose of this paper is to increase the area of contact between these two debates. In Section 1, I try to clarify the question I want to ask in this paper – this is the question whether we have any reasons to believe what I shall call “anti-intuitivism.” In Section 2, I argue that anti-intuitivism cannot be supported solely by investigating the mechanisms that produce our intuitions. In Section 3, I discuss an anti-intuitivist argument from disagreement which relies on the so-called “Equal Weight View.” In Section 4, I pause to clarify the notion of epistemic parity and to explain how it ought to be understood in the epistemology of moral intuition. In Section 5, I return to the anti-intuitivist argument from disagreement and explain how an apparently-vulnerable premise of that argument may be quite resilient. In Section 6, I introduce a novel objection against the Equal Weight View in order to show how I think we can successfully resist the anti-intuitivist argument from disagreement.

The Struggle of Others: Pierre Vallières, Quebecois Settler Nationalism, and the N-Word Today

Une vie de ne[···] n'est pas une vie. Et tous les Quebecois etaient (et sont) des ne[···]s.A n[····]r's life is not a life. And all the Quebecois were (and are) n[····]rs.-Pierre VallieresAt any rate, I had missed a vital connection to the present. I had honored the past, but the past was not history.-Michel-Rolph TrouillotIn The Intimacies of Four Continents, Lisa Lowe states that [t]he affirmation of the desire for is so inhabited by the of its conditions of possibility, that every narrative articulation of is haunted by its burial, by the of forgetting.1 She explains that and gender become the traces of such humanist forgetting-a modern humanism whose conditions, she explains, were created by New World people for whom the production of freedom was first predicated on the creation of the racialized category of the unfree and the enslaved, next to whom it was then possible to racialize otherwise those liminal or transitional subjects in between as well as those thought to be on their way toward freedom. My research builds on such critical intuition in order to illuminate such violence of forgetting in the desire to produce freedom in the context of the doubly complex coloniality of French Canada once it became a British space. In this particular essay, I focus on the use of racial analogies and the production of the paradigm of the French Quebecer as a ne··· blanc (or N-word) in the 1960s Quebec literature of decolonization, most influentially in Pierre Vallieres's celebrated and influential 1968 book-length manifesto/autobiography Negres blancs d'Amerique (NBA). Despite the sympathies expressed by prominent figures of the Black Power movement (such as Stokeley Carmichael) toward Vallieres's political activism and his legal struggles,2 I argue that Vallieres's racial analogy, and most notably his misguided conflation of exploitation and slavery, has the effect of de-racializing colonial history, of turning race into a politically insignificant (and acquirable) category within the colony, and of obfuscating the fact that national liberation for Quebecers (Quebecois) is itself predicated on the pursuit of a peculiarly malleable project of native dispossession and political co-optation. In conversation with Mark Rifkin's recent analyses of what he theorizes as settler common sense,3 I explain that Vallieres's loose theorization of a race-neutral, global village of all exploited underclasses under the rubric ne··· provided new orientations for an emergent of feeling in Quebec, one that would easily be incorporated within the hegemonic because it already spoke (and still speaks) its language: it effectively assumed forms of dwelling and personhood predicated on the geopolitical self-evidence of sovereignty and occupancy while exculpating the implied whiteness of the Quebecois national reference and disengaging it from a history of Western coloniality. Such a project, I explain, is embedded in complex political strategies of remembrance that are building upon perceived historical injustices [as a people abandoned by France and colonized by the British] and consequently constructing a politically useful collective identity.4 These strategies of remembrance are often oriented by governmental acts and policies that provide shape and structure to everyday experiences and inhabitances for settlers. In the context of Quebec, the becoming-given5 of stable and lawful identities and modes of occupancy is constantly and peculiarly felt and reenacted away from the exculpatory discursive strategies that have otherwise become crucial to governmental strategies and sovereign narrative in other white states such as Australia and English Canada- states that have cunningly6 been trying to reimagine themselves as belonging to an after (as opposed to an aftermath) of colonialism. …

Search Engine Optimization on PHP based web pages in practice

SEO is a symbiosis of arts and science. The art’s aspect of optimization requests dynamics, creativity and intuition in order to improve the searching rankings. The searching algorithms are too complex to make backward engineering to each aspect of them. Therefore, some scientific aspects have been included such as assumptions, notices, drawing conclusions and achieving multiplicative results as SEO functions. Ability to connect the users with the service or goods supplier is, probably the most significant and the most valuable skill placed on the Internet. In this paper we share our experience of using techniques and methods for improvements of SEO results through a practical example. Some important factors for rising of the rankings of web pages and SEO methodologies of “white and grey” hat, used targeted web sites, have also been presented.

Decision-making Analysis of Scheme Selection under Different Preferences

In the conceptual design stage of new product development, one of the major challenges is how to effectively determine the single best scheme from multiple alternatives. Based on the Axiomatic Design Theory, this paper proposes a new method to analyze and compare alternative schemes, and the Markov function is then used to calculate cost and determine the optimization direction of the chosen scheme. The cost of the optimal solution is estimated through calculations with utility functions. To add more details to the final design, it is necessary to consider both the working environment and user preferences, then to further analyze the schemes via fuzzy intuitions in order to determine the best prototyping and optimization strategy. This paper employs the design process of a library robot, which is designed in the context of university campus environment, as an illustrate example to showcase how to use the proposed method.

A case study of heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem: Touristic distribution application in Alanya

In this study, Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem is considered in order to optimize the distribution of the tourists who have traveled between the airport and the hotels in the shortest distance by using the minimum cost. The initial solution space for the related methods are formed as a combination of Savings algorithm, Sweep algorithm and random permutation alignment. Then, two well-known solution methods named as Standard Genetic Algorithms and random search algorithms are used for changing the initial solutions. Computational power of the machine and heuristic algorithms are used instead of human experience and human intuition in order to solve the distribution problem of tourists coming to hotels in Alanya region from Antalya airport. For this case study, daily data of tourist distributions performed by an agency operating in Alanya region are considered. These distributions are then modeled as Vehicle Routing Problem to calculate the solutions for various applications. From the comparisons with the decision of a human expert, it is seen that the proposed methods produce better solutions with respect to human experience and insight. Random search method produces a solution more favorable in terms of time. As a conclusion, it is seen that, owing to the distribution plans offered by the obtained solutions, the agencies may reduce the costs by achieving savings up to 35%.

Intentional ontology. Heidegger and the transformation of Husserlian phenomenology

Abstract lntentional ontology. Heidegger and the transformation of Husserlian phenomenology. The article will look inside in what Heidegger said in his first course in Marburgo about the issue of intentionality as the basis for a “fundamental ontological investigation.” Through the first Heidegger’s lessons, especially Freiburg, aspects of the Husserl’s idea of intentionality who suffered a hermeneutic appropriation by Heidegger, will be deployed. The text will focus on the relationship between Husserl’s intentionality and categorial intuition in order to interpret them through the light of hermeneutic and understanding intuition that Heidegger speaks in his 1919’s Kriegsnotsemester.