Formation Of Intrusions Research Articles

ІНТРУЗИВНО-МАГМАТИЧНІ УТВОРЕННЯ АРХІПЕЛАГУ ВІЛЬГЕЛЬМА ЗАХІДНОЇ АНТАРКТИКИ (ЧАСТИНА 1 – ІНТРУЗИВИ ГАБРОЇДІВ, ДІОРИТІВ ТА ГРАНІТОЇДІВ)

The Wilhelm Archipelago and the adjacent coast of Graham Land are typical areas of calc-alkaline magmatism associated with the protracted evolution of the Antarctic Peninsula igneous belt. The authors studied intrusive complexes of the Wilhelm Archipelago (WA) in order to characterize their geographical distribution, geological occurrence and age, mineralogical and petrographical features. Geological surveys revealed that gabbro, diorite, and granitoid intrusions are widespread on the WA. Due to the processes of tectonic uplift and exhumation, both apical and bottom parts of individual intrusive bodies can be exposed on the modern erosion level. Recent geological observations have shown that plutons of different ages intersect each other in a complex sequence. This made it possible to determine their relative geological age and reconstruct the general direction of the deep magmatic development from the Early Cretaceous to the Early Paleogene, inclusive. It has been proved that the oldest massifs of gabbroids are parts of much larger intrusive bodies. They were formed in the period between the Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous periods. Crystallization differentiation of basaltic magmas gave them various scale layering. In the bottom parts of gabroid intrusions there were conditions for the formation of Fe-Ti-V and Cu-Ni-EPG mineralization. Diorite and granitoid intrusions occupy much larger areas compared to gabbroids. The formation of diorite intrusions took place in the period between the Early Cretaceous and the Paleocene. Although the oldest gabbroids were formed much earlier than diorites, the phenomena of magmatic mingling in the latter indicate that magmas of basic and intermediate composition could also synchronously intrude in common magmatic chambers. Granitoid magmatism on the WA covers the Late Cretaceous and the Paleogene periods. Most granitoid intrusions formed in the Paleocene after the main phase of tectonic deformations. Cu-Mo mineralization may be associated with these intrusions.

Age and Geochemistry of Basite-Ultrabasite Intrusions of Saltych Anticlinorium (West Azov)

In the Saltych anticlinorium of the West Azov, small intrusions of rocks of basic and ultrabasic composition are known in the middle reaches of the Obitochna, Kiltychiya and Burtychiya rivers and in the upper reaches of the Obitochna river. They are composed from amphibolized peridotites, pyroxenites, actinolithites, tremolithites, hornblendites, amphibole and other shales. These intrusions are considered "fractured intrusions", which are rooted in the already deployed rocks of the Archean age. In the stratigraphic scheme they are referred to the Novoselytske association. Intrusions break through the veins of syenites, pegmatites and aplite-like granites. Metaultrabasites, according to I.S. Usenko and G.L. Kravchenko, these are ultrabasic rocks of the normal series, which were formed, probably, because of differentiation of basaltic magma. The main and ultrabasic rocks of these intrusions have not been studied enough yet — their age, geodynamic conditions of formation have not been determined, the potential for minerals has not been fully revealed. For this purpose, we determined the microelement composition of meta-ultrabasites, metabasites and acid rocks by the ICP MS method and determined the age of monazite from veins of aplite-like granites that break through the metapyroxenites of the Kamyshuvatka intrusion. According to the obtained geochemical and mineralogical data, the vein rocks of medium and acid composition, which break through the intrusions of the ultrabasite-basite composition at the Saltych anticlinorium, have a core genesis. Zircon in them is relict, and syngenetic monazite was found only in the veins of aplite-like granites that break through the metapyroxenites of the Kamyshuvatka intrusion. According to the dating of this monazite, it has been determined that the upper age limit for the formation of intrusions of the ultrabasite-basite composition of the Novoselytske association is 2051.8±3.8 Ma. Peridotites and pyroxenites of these intrusions could be formed from melts of the depleted upper mantle, which were fractionated in intermediate magmatic chambers. In peridotites (#mg = 0.74-0.86) of the Kamyshuvatka intrusion and intrusion near the Reva farm, the Ni content (510-826 ppm) is lower than that of Clark for ultrabasic rocks, and the chromium content at the level of Clark and below it is Cr — 1250-2260 ppm. Positive anomalies of Ti and Eu indicate the processes of fractionation of the original magma of pyroxenites. The formation of intrusions of the ultrabasite-basite composition of the Saltych anticlinorium of the Azov megablock is probably connected with the activation of the Earth’s mantle about 2050 million years ago.

The Impact of Warm and Moist Airmass Perturbations on Arctic Mixed-Phase Stratocumulus

AbstractThe Arctic is known to be particularly sensitive to climate change. This Arctic amplification has partially been attributed to poleward atmospheric heat transport in the form of airmass intrusions. Locally, such airmass intrusions can introduce moisture and temperature perturbations. The effect of airmass perturbations on boundary layer and cloud changes and their impact on the surface radiative balance has received increased attention, especially over sea ice with regard to sea ice melt. Utilizing cloud-resolving model simulations, this study addresses the impact of airmass perturbations occurring at different altitudes on stratocumulus clouds for open-ocean conditions. It is shown that warm and moist airmass perturbations substantially affect the boundary layer and cloud properties, even for the relatively moist environmental conditions over the open ocean. The cloud response is driven by temperature inversion adjustments and strongly depends on the perturbation height. Boundary layer perturbations weaken and raise the inversion, which destabilizes the lower troposphere and involves a transition from stratocumulus to cumulus clouds. In contrast, perturbations occurring in the lower free troposphere lead to a lowering but strengthening of the temperature inversion, with no impact on cloud fraction. In simulations where free-tropospheric specific humidity is further increased, multilayer mixed-phase clouds form. Regarding energy balance changes, substantial surface longwave cooling arises out of the stratocumulus break-up simulated for boundary layer perturbations. Meanwhile, the net surface longwave warming increases resulting from thicker clouds for airmass perturbations occurring in the lower free troposphere.

A robust intrusion detection system using machine learning techniques for MANET

Recent advancement in technologies such as Cloud, Internet of Things etc., leads to the increase usage of mobile computing. Present day mobile computing are too sophisticated and advancement are reaching great heights. Moreover, the present day mobile network suffers due to external and internal intrusions within and outside networks. The existing security systems to protect the mobile networks are incapable to detect the recent attacks. Further, the existing security system completely depends on the traditional signature and rule based approaches. Recent attacks have the property of not fluctuating its behaviour during attack. Hence, a robust Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is desirable. In order to address the above mentioned issue, this paper proposed a robust IDS using Machine Learning Techniques (MLT). The key of using MLT is to utilize the power of ensembles. The ensembles of classifier used in this paper are Random Forest (RF), KNN, Naïve Bayes (NB), etc. The proposed IDS is experimentally tested and validated using a secure test bed. The experimental results also confirms that the proposed IDS is robust enough to withstand and detect any form of intrusions and it is also noted that the proposed IDS outperforms the state of the art IDS with more than 95% accuracy.

Geochemistry characteristics and emplacement mechanism of the Cenozoic magma in Baoxingchang area, Yunnan Province, SW China

Alkali-rich intrusions associated with Cu-Mo mineralization in Baoxingchang district, displaying both felsic and mafic rock series, can be: divided into four evolution stages. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of the four stages intrusions 36.5∼34.6Ma, 38.0∼33.5Ma, 36.0∼34.5Ma and 34.0Ma, respectively. All the studied rocks have similar magma sources and tectonic setting. The εHf(t) values indicate that they were reworked by ancient lithospheric mantle and crustal materials via subduction. Formation of the alkaline-rich intrusions in Baoxingchang area may be involved in the processes of partial melting of mantle rocks, crust-mantle materials and fractional crystallization. It appears an increasing tendency from felsic intrusions, to enclaves and then to early-stage lamprophyre to late-stage lamprophyre.

Effect of initial forging temperature on mechanical properties and fatigue behavior of EA4T steel

An EA4T steel billet was forged at the different initial forging temperatures (1050, 1150, and 1250 °C). The microstructure and fatigue fracture of forged samples were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The fatigue performance of samples forged at an initial forging temperature of 1250 °C was better owing to the presence of fine polygonal ferrite (PF). The difference in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength can be attributed to the average grain size of PF and acicular ferrite (AF) content, respectively. A relationship between the tensile strength and fatigue limit of EA4T steel is proposed. The mechanism of grain size and dislocation slip affecting the fatigue property was elucidated. Because the fine PF grains delayed the dislocations moving to the surface and inhibited the formation of intrusion and extrusion, premature cracks were not easily produced. This contributed to excellent fatigue behavior. Additionally, the pearlite colonies and fine PF delayed the crack growth rate and changed the crack propagation path. Studies on fatigue behavior provided a foundation for quality control and engineering application of EA4T steel.

Parental psychological control: An intrusive form of parenting

Parental psychological control: An intrusive form of parenting

Stalking Behaviors Presented by Ex-Intimate Stalkers: A Victim's Perspective.

Stalking can be defined as a pattern of repeated, unwanted behaviors by one person to another. These behaviors may take the form of communicative intrusion, third-party contact, and physical or sexual assault. The individual stalking behaviors experienced by victims have been found to differ in every case, specifically dependent on their stalker-victim relationship. Recent tragedies have shown that the police force generally underestimates the risk of ex-intimate stalking and harassment behaviors. This study aims to identify patterns of stalking behaviors from a victim's perspective, specifically, whether there are any patterns of behavior among the ex-intimate stalkers, in comparison with acquaintance or stranger stalkers. Information from the accounts of individuals who had reported unwanted experiences as a result of one of three stalker-victim relationships (ex-intimate, acquaintance, or stranger) was extracted from the National Stalking Helpline database. Analyses were conducted on a sample of 1,626 victims' reports. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple logistic regressions were conducted to establish any common patterns of behavior among the subgroups of stalkers and to ascertain which behaviors increased the odds of being categorized as an ex-intimate stalker. Results indicated that ex-intimate stalkers presented considerably more behaviors than acquaintance or stranger stalkers; some of which included third-party contact, criminal damage, physical assault, and sexual assault. Results also indicated that ex-intimate stalkers presented more severe behaviors than the other subgroups. The majority of stalking behaviors were found to produce a statistically significant predictive contribution to being classed as an ex-intimate stalker. The findings in this study highlight that common misconception surrounding ex-intimate stalking still exists at every level of the Criminal Justice System. Results and implications for future research are discussed.

When work is wanted after hours: Testing weekly stress of information communication technology demands using boundary theory

SummaryInformation communication technologies (ICTs; e.g., smartphones) enable employees to work anywhere and anytime, blurring work and family boundaries. Building on this trend, this study draws from work–family border/boundary theory to examine antecedents and consequences of employees' weekly experiences of ICT demands (i.e., being accessible and contacted for work after hours via ICTs). A sample of 546 elementary teachers completed a registration survey and a weekly diary for 5 weeks. Multilevel modeling results suggest that ICT demands as a form of work intrusion in the home can constitute a source of significant weekly strain (i.e., negative rumination, negative affect, and insomnia). As border crossers, teachers' adoption of a technological boundary tactic (i.e., keeping work email alerts turned off on mobile phones) was related to lower weekly ICT demands. As important border keepers at work, school principals' work–family support was related to teachers' lower weekly ICT demands, whereas parents' after‐hours boundary expectations were related to teachers' higher weekly ICT demands. Moreover, teachers' boundary control was found as a mediating mechanism by which the two border keepers influenced teachers' ICT demands−negative rumination link. That is, teachers who received fewer boundary expectations and/or more work–family support had greater boundary control, which in turn buffered the ICT demands–negative rumination relationship.

Contesting Austerity: Genealogies of Human Rights Discourse

The dominant understanding of the role of human rights in the context of austerity induced by sovereign debt crises has shifted markedly over time. It reflects, and may have influenced, the genealogies of human rights law in the postwar era. Four different paradigms emerge. During the 1970s, the decade preceding the debt crisis of the 1980s, the idea of austerity as a response to debt crises was contested by the basic (human) needs approach and by the proposal of a New International Economic Order. Both strands of thought showed some affinity with human rights law, although not without ambiguity, understanding self-determination as a structural requirement for ESC rights enjoyment. Counterintuitively, though, the debt crisis beginning in the 1980s silenced, rather than provoked, any form of human rights-based critique. The IMF managed to shift the focus of the debate from human needs to human capital, in line with the emerging Washington Consensus. When the Iron Curtain fell, sovereign debt restructuring became more generous, but debtor states had to pay with ever more intrusive forms of austerity, including structural conditions such as respect for civil and political rights. This “governance paradigm” of human rights was countered by a transformative paradigm of human rights in which civil society articulated its critique of austerity. The IFIs avoided the issue of human rights, but reacted by adding “social” components to austerity that aligned with their focus on efficiency and growth and further entrenched sufficiency. The impact of austerity on the European periphery led to lots of human rights litigation, but a number of structural obstacles prevented its success. Instead, the crisis aftermath saw enormous progress in the political recognition of human rights as a relevant standard for austerity. This has given rise to a new political paradigm of human rights. While this genealogy shows the contingency of human rights discourse in relation to austerity, it reveals their potential for challenging economic expertise and empowering progressive views, provided human rights are used to politicize, not to depoliticize, distributive questions. The limits of human rights discourse are the limits of our imagination.

Halliday, Daniel. The Inheritance of Wealth: Justice, Equality, and the Right to Bequeath. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. 256. $42.95 (cloth).

Halliday, Daniel. <i>The Inheritance of Wealth: Justice, Equality, and the Right to Bequeath</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. 256. $42.95 (cloth).

The Psychosocial Impact of Neurobehavioral Disability.

Neurobehavioral disability (NBD) comprises elements of executive and attentional dysfunction, poor insight, problems of awareness and social judgement, labile mood, altered emotional expression, and poor impulse control, any or all of which can have a serious impact upon a person's decision-making and capacity for social independence. The aim of this narrative review is to explore some of the more intrusive forms of NBD that act as obstacles to psychosocial outcome to act as a frame of reference for developing effective rehabilitation interventions. Special consideration is given to the psychosocial impact of three core forms of NBD: a failure of social cognition, aggressive behavior, and problems of drive/motivation. Consideration is also given to the developmental implications of sustaining a brain injury in childhood or adolescence, including its impact on maturational and social development and subsequent effects on long-term psychosocial behavior.

Neural Processing During Fear Extinction Predicts Intrusive Memories

BackgroundDeficient extinction learning has been suggested as an important mechanism involved in the etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder. A key feature of posttraumatic stress disorder, reexperiencing the trauma in form of intrusions, may be linked to deficient extinction learning. This link is investigated in a novel, functional magnetic resonance imaging–compatible fear conditioning procedure that uses trauma films. Based on previous results, we expected deficient fear extinction indexed by exaggerated responding in the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex to predict subsequent intrusions. MethodsA total of 58 healthy participants underwent acquisition and extinction learning with faces as conditioned stimuli (CS) and highly aversive 16-second films depicting interpersonal violence as unconditioned stimuli. During the subsequent 3 days, participants reported intrusive memories on their smartphone. ResultsSuccessful fear acquisition was evidenced by differential (CS+ > CS−) activity (threat cues associated with trauma films > cues paired only with neutral films) of a widespread network, including the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, whereas extinction was characterized exclusively by differential anterior insula activity. Differential conditioned responding during late extinction in the anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was positively related to intrusive memory frequency independent of unconditioned stimuli responding. Exploratory analysis also revealed intrusion sensitivity of the hippocampus, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, among others. ConclusionsResults support the role of extinction learning in intrusive memory formation; a failure to uncouple conditioned emotional responding from external threat cues was associated with subsequent intrusive memories, representing a potential risk marker for developing posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology after trauma.

Cyclic deformation and cracking behavior of 316LN stainless steel under thermomechanical and isothermal fatigue loadings

Isothermal fatigue (IF) tests at 250 °C, 350 °C and 450 °C, and thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) tests of 316LN stainless steel within the temperature range of 250–450 °C under in-phase (IP) and out-of-phase (OP) mechanical strain-temperature phase angles were carried out. Comparison of the cyclic deformation behavior, microcrack nucleation mechanisms, crack growth and failure behavior were performed between the IF test at 450 °C (IF-450 °C) and TMF tests. Results showed that the cyclic deformation behavior was governed by the combination of thermally activated recovery process, dynamic strain aging (DSA) and nitride precipitations for IF-450 °C and TMF tests. The occurrence of DSA and nitride precipitations including Z-phase and MX phase were found to promote the planar slip of dislocations and enhance the cyclic stress response. The occurrence of recovery process, however, offset the strengthening effects caused by DSA and precipitations, accelerating the softening stage. The intergranular cracking was attributed to the strong impingement of slip bands on severely oxidized grain boundaries, which can be found only on the specimen surface or near-surface regions. The transgranular cracking, resulting from the cyclic slip localization which was characterized by the formation of persistent slip markings (PSMs) in the form of surface intrusions and extrusions was enhanced by the presence of brittle oxide. The ultimate failure was still dominated by the transgranular propagation.

The Eocene-Oligocene Nanchititla dike swarm, eastern Michoacán, México

ABSTRACT We present a geologic map for the Eocene-Oligocene Nanchititla mafic dike swarm consisting of over 140 NNW-SSE trending dike segments; whose emplacement was influenced by the left-lateral transtensional deformation regime prevailing in southern México during the Cenozoic. The hosting rock is a mechanically heterogeneous continental sedimentary sequence interbedded with volcanic rocks. Interaction among magma and host rock promoted the formation of dike-sill systems, segmentation and sinuous intrusions. Dike thickness observed is between 1 and 45 m with a peak in the range from 1 to 5 m. Six giant dikes of more than 30 m thick were documented. The 80% of the dikes have porphyritic textures rich in plagioclase phenocrysts with size ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 cm. New and compiled 40Ar-39Ar ages constrain the swarm emplacement between 30 and 34.5 Ma, whereas plagioclase phenocrysts entrained by the magma have older ages between 35 and 42 Ma.

Securing Cloud Framework from Application DDoS Attacks

With the extensive growth of in the size of data transmitted and received in the cloud, there arises the risk of sensitive data prone to different kinds of attacks. The attacks may be in the form of intrusions trying to hack the data or in the form of some fatal attacks. To focus more, after the extensive use of applications and social media apps, there is a rise in Application DDoS (Distributed Denial-of-Service) attacks. These attacks are called as L7 (Layer 7) of the OSI Reference model, as they target the topmost layer – the Application Layer. Various simulations in the Cloud have concluded that the cumulative energy consumption and huge amount of migrations on the VMs are severely affected by the Application DDoS attacks or the EDoS (Economic Denial of Sustainability) attacks. This paper discusses the various forms of Application DDoS attacks, the mitigation mechanisms for the Application DDoS attacks and compares the results in the simulated cloud environment.

Big Data, Privacy and Education Applications

Big data applications pose some of the most profound new media challenges to human rights, with particularly serious social, cultural and political implications for privacy. Increasingly aggressive marketing of these applications in K-12 education now exposes young people to new forms of privacy intrusions and escalates the risk of discrimination in schools. Nonetheless, schools are adopting educational technology (“edtech”) globally, often in reliance on promises of yet-to-be-proven benefits. Meanwhile, it is unclear whether educators are well advised of edtech’s related privacy and equality implications. Articles in professional education magazines, in which edtech is frequently marketed, represent one potential source of such information. This paper discusses the findings from our study of the developing discourse about edtech and big data in selected American and Canadian professional education magazines from 2013-2017. While these magazines reported on a wide range of risks and benefits of edtech, they incorporated disturbingly little coverage of its privacy implications.

Physico-chemical conditions of crystallization and ore-bearing of granitoids of the border zone of the Southern and Middle Urals

The geological structure of the border zone of the Southern and Middle Urals (Kunashak area), as well as the composition and conditions for the formation of granitoid complexes developed here, whose age varies from Devonian to Triassic, is briefly considered. Thermobarometric studies of quartz of medium-grained biotite granites showed that in the age range ― Poletaev (D3), Shalkar (P1), Sultayev (P1), and Yugokonev (P1T2) complexes ― water pressure during the formation of melt inclusions was 2.22.7, 2.53.0, 3.94.4 and 3.64.5 kbar, and the crystallization temperature of rocks ― 800840, 900940, 840900 and 940980С. This indicates a consistent increase in the crystallization depth of the granite massifs in this series from the hypabyssal-subsurface to the hypabyssal-abyssal facies. At the same time, in the melt-fluid inclusions, a decrease in fluid volume is noted ― 14.216.8, 8.114.3, 6.27.9 and 4.36.8 vol.%, Water concentrations ― 3.74.8, 2.13.9, 1.82.3 and 1.31.9 wt.% as well as chlorine ― 0.040.08, 0.030.07, 0.030.06 and 0.020.05 wt.%.&#x0D; It is shown that the granitoids of the Sultayev and Yugokonev complexes are very promising for tantalum, niobium, tungsten, molybdenum and beryllium. Of the greatest interest in rare-metal mineralization are the leucocratic aplitic and greisen granites of the final phases of the formation of intrusions. The level of erosional slice of various structural and formation zones of the Kunashak area relative to each other has been established.

TheThirdString Quartet by B. Britten as a phenomenof the late composer style

TheThirdString Quartet by B. Britten as a phenomenof the late composer style

Recognising the caring capabilities of birth families of removed children: Towards a critical policy agenda

Vulnerable families are subject to a myriad of State interventions. In this article, we analyse how interventions of the neo-liberal State may undermine, rather than activate, the caring capabilities of vulnerable families across the life course. We define ‘vulnerable families’ as financially disadvantaged families with complex and enduring needs. Drawing on examples from Australia, England and the USA, we consider how neo-liberal policy reforms may weaken the caring capabilities of these families. We focus our analysis on vulnerable families who have been subject to one of the most intrusive forms of state intervention: the removal of a child. We explain Bourdieu’s concept of ‘misrecognition’ and outline its utility for analysing the neo-liberal state’s failure to recognise and develop the caring function of birth families. We consider the implications of this analysis for the development of a critical research and policy agenda with vulnerable families.