Abstract This article reports grade improvement results of two types of students re-enrolled in the introductory financial accounting course. First, two hypotheses are tested concerning students who had previously completed the course and were retaking it. Second, two additional hypotheses are tested concerning students who had previously withdrawn from the course before completion and were re-enrolled. Sample data are evaluated from four collegiate institutions that have differing characteristics. The results indicate that (1) retaking the course results in an average grade improvement of just over one letter grade, (2) the amount of improvement varies by institution, (3) students who have previously withdrawn from the course perform below C level when re-enrolling, and (4) the below C level outcome is consistent across all four institutions sampled.