Introduction Of Distance Learning Research Articles

Differential impact on parental quality of life: Comparing parents to children with autism spectrum disorder and those with other disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Limited research has examined parental quality of life (QoL) for caregivers of children with special needs, mostly comparing parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to those with typical development. This study examines QoL and related variables during the COVID-19 pandemic among two comparable groups: parents of children with ASD and parents of children with other diagnoses (non-ASD). The sample included 175 Israeli parents (ASD = 101; non-ASD = 74). The parents were surveyed about the pandemic's effects on family life, child's function, and their own psychological distress, resilience, and QoL. Parents in both groups reported deterioration in their child's academic, emotional, social, and functioning performance. However, higher psychological distress and more deterioration in child behaviour were reported in the ASD group. In both groups, QoL was positively associated with the introduction of distance learning and parental resilience and negatively associated with psychological distress, deterioration in the child's behaviour and functioning, and increased time spent with the child at home. An interaction analysis indicated that deterioration in a child's behaviour was linked to QoL solely within the ASD group, while home atmosphere was associated with QoL in the non-ASD group. While the COVID-19 pandemic imposed similar challenges on both parental groups, there is evidence that it may have been more challenging for the ASD group. This calls for further examination concerning parents with special needs children, and accordingly, tailoring targeted and specific help for them.

Art education as a means of forming cultural identity and civic consciousness

The purpose of the article is to study art education as a means of forming cultural identity and civic consciousness. To achieve this goal, theoretical methods of cognition were used, in particular, the most important methods of analysis, synthesis, and content analysis. The results show that modern technologies are widely used in the field of higher art education. This includes not only technical aspects, but also theoretical and pedagogical approaches to teaching. In modern methods of higher education, the emphasis is on the development of students' personalities, broadening their outlook, skills and abilities. Traditional models of learning that existed before the introduction of distance learning are undergoing significant changes, leading to experimental approaches to teaching in art universities. Particular emphasis is placed on the democratisation of educational processes, digitalisation of art education and the use of computer technology. The desire to ensure unity in diversity, which is a necessary component of modern European integration aimed at overcoming the negative effects of globalisation, is also important. One of the key components of the development of modern higher art education is the use of digital technologies. This allows students to create a significant amount of creative work while studying and include it in their professional portfolio. This approach is particularly relevant in the European labour market. Ukraine's experience in applying modern teaching methods in the field of music is in line with European development trends. At the same time, due to Russian military aggression and obsessive propaganda, there is a need to update research on Ukraine-centric music topics. It is important to emphasise the development of Ukrainian art, the study of the life and legacy of prominent teachers, performers and artists, and the integration of the acquired knowledge into the educational process. The conclusions emphasise that the combination of Ukrainian specificity and modern digitalisation trends creates objective conditions for the development of musicology in Ukraine and its presentation at the international level.

The problems of introducing distance learning technologies into the process of education for convicts in the context of digital transformation

The subject of this article is the problem of the introduction of distance learning technologies in the process of education by convicts in the context of digital transformation. The article examines the main normative legal acts regulating the right of convicts to education; characterizes the problems existing in the penitentiary system when convicts receive education; examines the experience of using distance learning technologies by foreign countries, evaluates the possibility of applying their experience in the Russian penitentiary system. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the possibility of convicts receiving education in Russia applies only to certain categories of convicts, which is considered ineffective in the current conditions of humanization. In addition, remote technologies that have proven their worth and importance are practically not used in the modern penitentiary system, which is seen as a serious disadvantage and requires special attention. The main purpose of the study is to develop the possibilities and prospects for the implementation of the process of distance learning of convicts in Russia. Along with general scientific methods, the authors also used special legal methods (system-analytical, comparative legal, statistical) in the preparation of this article. Based on the conducted research, prospects have been identified that contribute to the successful introduction of distance learning technologies into the Russian penal system. The optimal way to solve the stated problems will be the legislative regulation of the possibility of obtaining education using distance learning technologies for all categories of convicts, as well as the development of effective programs and courses through which persons serving imprisonment could gain knowledge and master a particular profession.

On the Conditions for the Introducing Distance Learning in Russian Universities

Modern computer and Internet technologies make it possible not only to transfer educational materials to digital media, but also to implement in a remote format various teaching methods, diagnostics, individualization of educational interests and trajectories, and much more. In addition, modern technologies in this area allow us to do what was simply impossible within the framework of the conventional education system. But the issue of a reasonable measure of the use of these technologies and the adequate setting and implementation of tasks in this direction requires special work. The article presents the results of this kind of work carried out on the basis of a program-project approach. Although the work was carried out within the framework of the assignment of the FEMU to classical universities for mathematical education, the specifics of universities and mathematical education were not significant. The assignment was to determine the readiness of the mathematical faculties of universities for the systematic use of distance learning through an expert survey of FEMU members. The relevance of the question of the timeliness of the introducing distance learning in a particular situation, on the one hand, and the problematic nature of this issue, due to the lack of proper systemic, logical grounds for its solution, prompted the author to apply his own method, which is conceptually different from the numerous surveys and “experiences” available in literature. The application of this method (“double inversion of position” or, in other words, “double negation”: intent – objections – withdrawal of objections), made it possible to formulate three principal lists. The first contains an explicitly formulated framework in which the introducing distance learning makes sense; the second and third represent the research and development program necessary for the implementation of distance learning. And already on the basis of the first list, related to the current situation, a survey of experts was conducted, which made it possible to formulate the main conclusions on the problem under discussion. The results obtained fix a logical necessity that does not depend on private opinions or specific features of the situation.

Educational trends in the development of philological education in Azerbaijan in the era of digitalisation: a forecast of the future

Education is an indicator of societies socio-economic and cultural development provides the national interests of the country in all areas of its activities in the world arena. The process of integration of cultural, educational, scientific, as well technical spheres – the introduction of modern norms and the standardization of education, the development of science and technology, the culture’s expansion, and the dissemination of scientific and technological achievements. Contemporary professionals face the recent year’s scientific and technical developments problems. The solution of these problems is conditioned by the need of their professional skills continuous development even after having obtained the higher education and the specialization diploma. The penetration into all fields of professional activity of the skills traditionally characterized by high technology leads to the emergence of new trends. The current axiom “digital humanities” is gaining popularity. In this context, the implementation of combined scientific, cultural-educational, and other projects and the involvement of scientists and specialists in research programs are particularly important. The COVID-19 pandemic affected more than 169,015 students in Azerbaijan (Valiyev & Valehli, 2022). This fact forced educators to develop new methods of teaching, with the introduction of distance learning as a single alternative to the desire for pedagogical continuity. Such a situation led to many difficulties, such as lack of experience, technical problems, and difficulties with technical equipment. In addition, many teachers realized that they required digital skills. This paper presents the trends of education with the use of closed survey among teachers in the field of philology. The university community had to develop new ways of teaching and learning, particularly the introduction of distance and online learning that kept students connected and offered different perspectives. Search engines found 457 articles between 2018 and 2022. Relevant articles were searched in the Scopus and UpToDate databases, relevant articles for 2018-2022 were selected and processed by the title and abstracts, 20 scientific works were presented in this study. As a result, the situation of education in Azerbaijan was identified, one highlighted negative trends and prospects for the development of philological education in the context of digitalisation. The highlighted trends and forecasts give a new outline of the impact of digital technologies and the problems of changes in learning, knowledge sharing, and transformation in philological education. The findings open new perspectives on the relationship between science and society and the role of philological research in the context of digitalisation.

Сучасні методики технічної освіти в умовах дистанційного навчання

The article substantiates the trends and prospects for the development of distance education. It was noted that the development of methods and the development of remote forms of the educational process belong to innovative methods of training future specialists. A promising path for the development of distance learning has been revealed in accordance with the development of world trends related to the development of new information technologies and systems for establishing communications between various strata of population groups and, including, the educational sector.
 The expediency of the development of remote forms of education in Ukraine is substantiated and it is noted that such methods will motivate the students themselves to the need to increase their informational and intellectual level, capable of mastering new forms of acquiring professional abilities. It has been proven that the creation of remote forms of education will contribute to the improvement of the professional level of teaching staff and the level of mastery of computer technology, as it requires high professional abilities from teachers in the process of providing educational services using modern information technologies.
 Generalized features of distance learning methods are presented and brief characteristics of each of them are given. Separate information technologies, tools and the most popular online platforms used for organizing training in a distance format are considered. The main advantages that teachers and students receive when studying in a distance format are highlighted, and, in particular, the high mobility of students, which in turn does not require their strict presence in classrooms and laboratories of educational institutions. It is indicated that the introduction of distance learning allows to significantly reduce the expenditure items of the educational institution on utility payments. At the same time, the distance education system does not require the educational institution to have and maintain a wide list of basic funds, including classrooms for the full-time educational process in the presence of students. Such features of obtaining educational services are especially relevant in modern conditions, when Ukraine is waging a war of liberation with the Russian Federation.

Assessment of indicators of students» physical and psychological health in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic

Digitalization of the educational process gradually developed in parallel with the introduction of digital tools into people»s daily lives. Prolonged contact with media can negatively affect students» self-esteem and the awareness of personal value, as well as causes excessive stress. It is particularly noted that any dependence on the use of infor mation technology increases the risk to the health of children and studying adolescents. However, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2022), the problem of education digitalization became particularly acute: it was necessary to conduct classes, test stu dents» knowledge, and check homework completely in a remote mode. The need for such an urgent revision of the education system caused rapid development and introduction of new digital technologies into the educational programs of many educational institutions. Despite the fact that at present there is no need to conduct various events remotely, meth ods of blended or distance learning are still present in the activities of many educational organizations. Nevertheless, it is essential to note an unhealthy trend among students that qualitatively affects their health: during the epidemic, the amount of gadget use time sig nificantly increased compared to the norms of the SanPiN. In addition, forced self-isolation had a negative impact on health. Constant presence in the same environment negatively affected the psycho-emotional state of children, entailing general asthenization, a partic ular manifestation of which often was the development of affective disorders. This article discusses the results of an empirical study assessing the impact of distance learning on the physical and psychological state of students. The survey of both students and their parents was conducted. This made it possible to identify subjective and objective assessments of the risk factors impact. Analyzing the results, it becomes obvious that digitalization of the educational process has a negative impact on the psycho-emotional and physical condi tion of students, leading to a loss of educational motivation, behavior changes, decreased performance, and other negative consequences. The relationship between the introduction of distance learning and the development of stress in students was studied.

Підтримування військовослужбовців запасу України: соціально-економічний та психологічний аспекти

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that retired servicemen are the category of the population that needs special treatment, in particular for active combatants who were and performed their military duty in the area of the anti-terrorist operation. Therefore, the task of the state is to provide them with the necessary amount of socio-psychological and professional support, in particular in the field of employment.
 The purpose of the article is to study the problem of supporting Ukrainian servicemen in the socio-economic and psychological aspects.
 The problem of social and psychological support of servicemen discharged to the reserve is actualized. The main directions of their social and psychological support by the state are investigated. The provision of services of the State Employment Service of Ukraine (SESU) to citizens from among servicemen who took part in the anti-terrorist operation (ATO) and the Joint Forces Operation (JFO) (ATO / JFO) is analyzed; acquisition of the status of the unemployed among the servicemen who took part in anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection; the number of servicemen who participated in the anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection and received work with the assistance of the SESU; the number of servicemen who participated in the anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection and underwent professional training with the assistance of the SESU; the number of persons, among servicemen, who took part in the anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection and took part in public works and temporary works with the assistance of the SESU; the number of servicemen who participated in the anti-terrorist operation / environmental protection and were covered by career guidance services with the assistance of the SESU. Recommendations for increasing the level of their employment at the macro level are proposed.
 It was found that the process of transition of servicemen from military service to «civilian» life is accompanied by many crisis moments, in particular, the problem of their employment in the modern labor market is deteriorating, which is associated with low competitiveness; the need for job search and new professional activities; increasing fear of change, etc. Negative socio-psychological consequences have been identified, including suicide attempts, antisocial behavior, alcoholism as a departure from reality and, as a result, conflict with society, friends, relatives, family members, unjustified risk-taking, and so on. These negative aspects require the support of servicemen (ATO / JFO) released to reserve, in particular through their socio-psychological and professional rehabilitation.
 Measures for socio-psychological and professional rehabilitation of servicemen, which are proposed in the article, are relevant today, in particular: monitoring of such persons, control and analysis of the provision of social services to them; introduction of distance learning and online learning through the Prometheus educational project; providing free English language training; introduction of a crowdfunding platform project, which allows future entrepreneurs to undergo training and receive funds to start their own business, etc.

OPTIMIZATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The article presents the results of a sociological survey of physical education teachers and primary school teachers regarding satisfaction with the content of educational reforms. The following methods were used during the research: analysis of scientific and methodical literature; pedagogical experiment; sociological methods, methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 92 physical education teachers and 66 primary school teachers from Dnipropetrovsk region, who are highly qualified specialists with extensive experience. The respondents’ answers show that the majority of teachers are familiar with the content of the State Standard of Primary Education, Basic Secondary Education, and the educational programs they teach. Satisfaction with the content of programs for primary school was revealed. Some difficulties with the implementation of the model program for grades 5-6 have been identified. They are associated with an excessive number of modules that cannot be studied due to lack of time, the lack of an appropriate material and technical base, and organizational deficiencies. The results show that teachers use a large list of modern forms, methods and technologies of physical education to increase the motor activity of students, but the introduction of distance learning causes difficulties in their application. The obtained data were the basis for determining the prospects for optimizing the organizational and pedagogical conditions of physical education system in institutions of general secondary education in modern conditions. They consist of a comprehensive approach, which include certain actions at the state level (improvement of the material and technical base, increase in funding, improvement of the management system in the field of physical education), local level (expansion of forms of physical culture and health work, expansion of forms of work for the formation of social and mental students’ health, improvement of educational and methodological support of the educational process) and personal (improvement of qualifications, formation of professional competences in mastering modern methods and technologies) levels.

INTEGRATED LEARNING IN A MODERN SCHOOL IN THE CONTEXT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

The article is aimed at defining the concept of integrated learning and features of the implementation of this educational technology in modern general education institutions. In defining the key concept, the mechanisms of integration between the basic disciplines, which are appropriate for the use of integrated learning in the modern school, are considered. It is noted that integration can be carried out by two key mechanisms, each of which is aimed at the perception of pupils of the surrounding world as a whole, regardless of which aspect of science is its knowledge.The article reveals the essence of the integrated approach to education, its significance and impact on changing the structure of a particular subject, which is an important element in improving the effectiveness of the educational process. In addition, the article describes in detail the action of mechanisms in the implementation of the basics of an integrated lesson, as well as the content and operation of didactic principles for implementing an integrated approach.The main research methods are: Analysis of literature sources, observation, survey, generalization and statistical analysis.The article focuses on identifying opportunities for introducing distance learning into Ukrainian education using an integrative approach.The main results of the study give grounds for asserting that the active and professional use of distance education opportunities by teachers will contribute to solving the educational problems that have arisen in modern Ukraine. These changes will help build new ways of development and prospects for Ukrainian educators, based on the relevance and widespread use of online education.The authors proposed their own definitions of the concepts "value orientations", "personal values", "value orientations of Ukrainian youth".

Distance Education: Parents' Perception

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the lack of information for analyzing parents' perception of the problems of introducing distance learning in secondary schools in the conditions of COVID-19. The purpose of the study is to compare the specifics of parents' perception of opportunities and problems of distance learning in conditions of self– isolation by parents in different regions of Russia, as well as to identify attitudes that determine the prospects for its further implementation.Methodology and sources. The theoretical base is represented by the works of Russian authors about the family (A.I. Antonov, O.M. Zdravomyslova, G.G. Filippova). A review of foreign studies of parenthood focuses on its socializing function (R. Benedict, A. Cardiner, M. Spiro). A separate block of works is devoted to the problems of the introduction of distance education (Gül Özüdoğru; Lee; Zhao et al; Garrote et al, Bezrukikh et al, R.S. Zvyagintsev, Yu.D. Kershi, M.A. Pinskoy). The study is based on systematic and activity-based approaches that consider parents as one of the most important factors in improving the effectiveness of distance learning. The article presents the results of an on-line survey of parents (N = 1526) in four regions of Russia (Leningrad and Irkutsk regions, Stavropol and the Republic of Bashkortostan). Data processing was carried out using the SPSS program.Results and discussion. The opinion on the implementation of distance learning was studied not only regarding the education of children, but also the possibilities of using technology by parents. The study showed that they quite objectively assess the problems of implementing distance learning. Parents are not inclined to criticize the school, but they doubt the prospects of implementing the technology in the format it was introduced, arguing that it costs a lot for health, unavailability of technical equipment and the level of training of both students and schools. In relation to their training using distance learning technologies, the statements were positive.Conclusion. A comparison of parents' responses by region showed, on the one hand, a commonality of opinions, and on the other, a significant impact on the results of the assessment of socio–cultural specifics associated with the dominant type of management, the demand for digital skills in the regional labor market.

STEM-ОСВІТА НА ВІДКРИТИХ ОСВІТНІХ ПЛАТФОРМАХ

Modern society functions under the influence of technology, thanks to which all areas of its life are developing. This contributed to the emergence of a new direction in education - the STEM direction, which combines natural sciences (Science), technology (Technology), engineering (Engineering) and mathematics (Mathematics). This direction is focused on applied research in solving specific problems and using at the same time interdisciplinary connections, concepts and methods, which today are followed and formed in natural and technical sciences and mathematics and digital technologies. The study of the STEM direction is not yet provided for in the main curriculum of educational institutions but takes place mostly through webinars, advanced training courses, conferences, etc. And with the introduction of distance learning into the educational process, electronic educational platforms for mastering certain knowledge have become relevant. The purpose of the article is the analysis of educational resources regarding the provision of STEM education or the training of teachers for its implementation. The article examines well-known foreign (Coursera, edX, Udemy) and Ukrainian (Prometheus and EdEra) open educational platforms. The choice of these platforms is based on: popularity, a convenient interface with the ability to filter courses, the presence of courses with the word "STEM" in the title, free access. The considered quantitative analysis of STEM courses on the specified platforms showed that there are no STEM courses on Ukrainian platforms. To get an idea of the capacity (content) of STEM-related courses, we took individual courses on the Coursera, edX, Udemy platforms. Namely, the course "Emprendiendo en STEM" (Coursera), "Advancing Learning Through Evidence-Based STEM Teaching" (edX), "Finding the Art in Engineering - STEM to STEAM" (Udemy). Based on the results of the analysis of courses on open educational platforms related to STEM education, it was concluded that Coursera contains the largest number of courses that mention STEM. At the same time, examples of their completion show that the developers do not offer courses specifically for acquiring STEM education.

METHODICAL ASPECTS OF CONDUCTING PRACTICAL CLASSES TO ENSURE THE QUALITY OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES DURING THE FUTURE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION SPECIALISTSʼ TRAINING IN DISTANCE LEARNING CONDITIONS

The problem of introducing distance learning technologies into the educational process of higher education institutions is one of the most important at the current stage, as they allow to expand the possibilities of traditional learning to the greatest extent, orient the teacher and students to achieve a new educational result. Modern distance education is an extensive system of knowledge transfer at a distance using various means, technologies, and communication systems, which can quite successfully solve the main educational tasks.The purpose of the publication is to investigate the peculiarities of the practical classes organizationʼ in professional disciplines in the conditions of distance learning, to characterize the methodological aspects of ensuring the quality of products and services during the training of future specialists in professional education in the conditions of distance learning.In order to optimize the educational process in the conditions of distance learning, we used problem-based, partially research-based, research-based learning methods and various statistical methods.However, despite the significant advantages of distance learning and the significant results of the work of higher education institutions in the implementation of distance learning, the problem of the effectiveness of theoretical and practical training, the development and implementation of methodological recommendations for the use of innovative technologies during distance learning, etc., remains unresolved. Modern students have educational needs that cannot be met through the traditional educational process. By understanding these features, the teacher can simplify the process of acquiring new competencies, motivate students, activate their educational and cognitive activities and, as a result, improve the effectiveness and efficiency of education. One of the main problems of distance education concerns studentsʼ mastery of theoretical material, starting from its perception during lectures to its processing during independent work.
 Keywords: educational process; distance learning; students of higher education; lectures; practical work; food technology; innovative technology; production quality.

The introduction of distance learning into the system of vocational education as a process of self-organization and management of students’ personal resources

The article examines issues related to distance learning programs, with a particular focus on e-learning, and highlights the limitations and challenges associated with their implementation. Lessons learned from developing distance courses show that factors such as profiling participants before starting training, technology friendliness for the user, accommodating different learning styles, encouraging and rewarding online exchanges, commitment of course moderators, variety of learning materials, and blended learning approaches contribute to the success of e-learning programs. The article concludes that enhancing the skills of researchers from developing countries through e-learning programs can increase the accessibility of learning for those who live and work in remote and conflict-prone areas, and bring together a network of professionals to interact and share experiences on common problems and solutions.

Determinants Influencing Distance Learning at Health Technology Higher Education Institutions in Portugal

Introducing distance learning within higher education institutions (HEIs) is a key societal issue, especially in the health sector, due to its in vivo learning nature. Public policies play an important role in these digital environments. This study aims to identify the determinants influencing national public policies that foster digital learning transformation in Health HEIs in Portugal. A prospective survey, using the structural analysis of Godet’s method, is conducted, and data are gathered from different health sector stakeholders. Despite the efforts to increase digital literacy and funding toward digital learning in HEIs, a weak strategy and implementation of a national plan for distance learning in Health HEIs are still prevalent. The driver to success is grounded on national and international cooperation between health professionals, hospitals, and HEIs through transferability processes of innovative practices.

DISTANCE LEARNING: ANALYSIS OF CONCEPTS, FORMATS, PLATFORMS, ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Formulation of the problem in general. The article analyzes the peculiarities of integrating distance learning into the educational process of higher military educational institutions and military educational units of higher education institutions under martial law in Ukraine. In modern conditions, higher education necessitates the use of distance learning, which allows for the acquisition of knowledge without interrupting professional duties. The purpose of this article is to analyze the concepts of “distance education”, “distance learning”, “blended learnin”, to conduct a comparative analysis of synchronous and asynchronous formats in the context of blended learning, to consider popular distance learning platforms (systems), and to identify the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. In writing the article, a multidimensional approach was used to collect, analyze and summarize information on the integration of distance learning into military education. The following research methods were used: comparative analysis; technological assessment; survey. The combination of these research methods allowed us to get a holistic view of the subject, challenges and opportunities offered by the introduction of distance learning in military education. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Despite the numerous scientific works devoted to this issue, the practical application of innovative forms and methods of teaching in the field of military education is somewhat limited. Further research and exploration is needed to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, thus advancing military education in the digital age and at the same time responding to the unique challenges and requirements of this specialized field. Therefore, researching and identifying the features related to the integration of distance learning into the educational process of higher military educational institutions and military educational units of higher education institutions is an important scientific task. Presenting the main material. The article analyzes the concepts of “distance education”, “distance learning” and “blended learning”. It is found that distance education is a purposeful pedagogical exchange between participants of the educational process, which organically combines traditional and distance learning forms. This combination can take place within a physical classroom or go beyond it, using synchronous and asynchronous formats supported by a wide range of information and communication technologies. Elements of scientific novelty. A comparative analysis of synchronous and asynchronous formats in the context of blended learning is carried out, and the distinctive features of each of them are highlighted. Synchronous learning provides quick feedback between teachers and students, promotes joint group activities, develops communication skills, and triggers intrinsic motivation through interactive discourse. Conversely, the asynchronous format provides for schedule flexibility, which allows students to determine their own pace of learning, ensures the availability of educational resources at a convenient time, and develops self-organization skills. It has been found that distance learning is a purposeful pedagogical exchange between participants in the educational process that combines traditional and distance learning. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning are identified. Advantages: individual pace of learning; the ability to choose areas of development; the ability to revise the educational material; mitigation of mental and physical stress and development of autodidactic competencies. Disadvantages: limited direct social interaction; increased technological impact on everyday life and limited practical hours devoted to skill acquisition. Practical significance of the article. At the National Defense University of Ukraine, popular distance learning platforms and systems such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Classroom, and Google Meet have become indispensable tools for providing educational services. In addition, this study emphasizes the key role that modern digital technologies play in shaping the training of military professionals. These technologies are a fundamental prerequisite for success in education, constantly evolving and defining the contours of pedagogical paradigms, especially in the field of distance learning. Conclusion and the perspectives of future researches. Information and Communication Technologies are an aid to learning, but they cannot replace live communication. A promising area for further research is the study of technologies for organizing distance and blended learning in higher education institutions.

FEATURES OF TEACHER’S ASSISTANT WORK DURING DISTANCE EDUCATION

The article clarifies the importance of organizing high-quality distance learning. The pandemic has already forced all educators to adapt and adjust their work to remote mode. However, the war in Ukraine brought new challenges – the destruction of schools, forcibly relocated students and teachers who study and work in new schools throughout Ukraine and beyond, “dropping out” of the educational process of individual children and entire classes due to air raids, combat actions and other causes connected with war. Now, more than ever, it is important to organize high-quality distance learning, especially for children with special needs, for whom the learning process is even more difficult. Since these children have limited opportunities to quickly react and process information from the environment, it is important to introduce supportive steps into the educational process that will help minimize the effects of psychological trauma. Specialists who work with this category of children participate in the development of various content to support them using different forms of education (face-to-face, remote, mixed). They also help parents of children with special educational needs who need support and assistance with consultations and advice. Therefore, with the introduction of distance learning, the specifics of a teacher’s assistant’s work have changed somewhat. Theoretical provisions regarding the inclusive education of children with special needs are presented in the works of domestic and foreign scientists (V. Zasenko, E. Danilavichiute, A. Kolupaeva, L. Savchuk, T. Sak, O. Taranchenko, D. Deppeler, T. Lorman, D. McGee-Richmond, D. Harvey, etc.). In particular, the specifics of psychological and pedagogical support are considered, it is emphasized that the organization of the educational process in classes where students with special needs study has its own characteristics (forms, methods, involvement of various specialists, parents, etc.). Therefore, in the conditions of a comprehensive educational institution with inclusive education, one of the essential points is the creation of additional necessary conditions, provision of support and accompaniment for children of this category at the present time.

EXISTING PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING THE DISTANCE FORM OF PEDAGOGICAL EMPLOYEES QUALIFICATION IMPROVEMENT

The current situation in the country has a decisive impact on the field of education, which leads to a more significant introduction and ubiquitous implementation of distance learning not only for teaching students, but also for training of teachers. Distance learning is characterized as an individualized process of acquiring knowledge, skills, abilities and means of human cognitive activity, which basically occurs through indirect interaction of distant participants of the educational process in a specialized environment based on modern psychological, pedagogical, and information and communication technologies. It is shown in the article that many scientific and methodological works analyze positive aspects of distance learning (e.g., mobility, constant access to materials, blended and / or flipped learning, the ability to involve large numbers of participants, efficiency, new teacher role, work in synchronous and / or asynchronous mode, etc.). The presented research revealed the insufficient coverage of existing problems in distance learning, especially distance learning of teachers by modern scientific works (low level of information and communication competence, lack of Internet, outdated equipment, poor self-organization of students, lack of «live» communication, the problem of personalization, copyright violations, etc.). In the paper, the main stages of the history of distance learning beginning from the XVIII century are described. The effectiveness of introducing distance learning of teachers in the postgraduate system of education is substantiated. We explore and analyze pedagogical, methodological and scientific works devoted to the problems of continuous professional education of teachers, professional development of teachers and their qualification improvement. The problems of implementing the distance form of qualification improvement of pedagogical workers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education are investigated and described in the article.

WAYS TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF DISTANCE LEARNING FOR STUDENTS

The problem of inhibiting distance learning at all levels of education may be regarded in the context of methodological and psychological unpreparedness of both teachers and students. Refusal to actively introduce distance learning as an alternative form of traditional education significantly reduces the level of competitiveness of the Ukrainian education system in the global education market and weakens the country's economy, as it leads to a massive outflow of intellectual potential of our students abroad. The purpose of the article is to identify ways to improve the quality and effectiveness of training future primary school teachers to implement distance education in future professional activities. A significant problem that affects the development of distance learning technologies is the lack of inherent skills and demand for distance learning among students of secondary schools. Most educational skills are formed in primary school. However, at this stage the vast majority of children do not encounter distance learning, do not get acquainted with the principles of distance learning.

TEACHING PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY TO FUTURE MASTERS OF PHARMACY IN A SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE

The article reviews the specifics of teaching pharmaceutical chemistry to future pharmacists in domestic institutions of higher medical (pharmaceutical) education from the standpoint of scientific and pedagogical discourse. The review is based on the analysis of the leading groups of sources and work experience of the Department of Drug Chemistry and Medicinal Toxicology of the Bogomolets National Medical University. The study reveals the growing interest of stakeholders, medical university teachers, and educational service consumers in teaching chemical disciplines, particularly pharmaceutical chemistry, as the introduction of distance learning, which was actualized in the settings of the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law in Ukraine. In the context of distance learning of future pharmacists, innovative technologies – workshops; simulation training; case methods; smart technologies; problem-based learning; video visualization, etc – in the educational process are being improved. New areas of research have become the following: improving the quality of the educational process; using digital tools in the teaching of chemical disciplines.
 The search for answers to the question of improving the efficiency of the organization of independent work of future masters of pharmacy remained relevant for scientists, employers, and participants of the educational process of institutions of higher medical (pharmaceutical) education in Ukraine; implementation of best international practices of training future specialists of the pharmaceutical industry; boosting the practice-oriented component in the training of future pharmacists, in particular during the delivery of pharmaceutical chemistry; fostering ‘soft skills’ and ‘hard skills’ (professional knowledge and skills) in students of higher medical (pharmaceutical) education institutions.