Intrapersonal Relationships Research Articles

A Critical Discussion of Sartre on Love

Pessimism about the stability of intra-personal relationships runs deeply in the philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre. I begin by examining how this pessimism arises from Sartre’s ontology, particularly considering the attitude of love towards the Other. I then suggest that there may be space within Sartre’s philosophy for a defense of love as a positive relation to the Other which need not be destined to cycle into attitudes toward the Other such as hate or masochism.

Nonsuicidal self-injury in connection with the axes Structure and Relationship of the OPD-KJ-2 (Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics in Childhood and Adolescence)

Nonsuicidal self-injury in connection with the axes Structure and Relationship of the OPD-KJ-2 (Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnostics in Childhood and Adolescence) Abstract. This study investigates nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSV) in relation to psychological structure as well as inter- and intrapersonal relationships. The Structure and Relationship axes of the OPD-CA-2 (Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis in Childhood and Adolescence) were used to record relationship dynamics and structural aspects; the MOUSI was applied for nonsuicidal self-injury. The sample included 40 adolescent psychiatric patients, most of whom were in inpatient care. A total of 20 adolescents with and 20 without NSSV were compared with regard to the Structure and Relationship axes. The two samples showed no differences on the Structure axis, whereas differences were found on the Relationship axis. Adolescents with NSSV, for example, were more likely to gently influence others and to react in interactive settings more openly toward their counterpart than adolescents without NSSV. In their relationship to themselves, the adolescents with NSSV were more often assessed as tormented and reproachful. Results indicate that the Relationship axis of the OPD-CA-2 can provide helpful information, so that this should be considered in psychotherapeutic measures for NSSV patients.

Nursing clinical skills: Objective structured clinical examination versus observational checklist

Clinical skills allow a nurse to monitor and care for their patients correctly so they get the best care and any problems are spotted early. By competent clinical skills the nurses providing care based on professional knowledge and skills includes the ability to collaborate with other healthcare professionals, develop intrapersonal relationships, educate and instruct, manage nursing care, ensure safety and quality of nursing and expand the capacity of nursing. Effective clinical evaluation or examination should be the first aim for all nursing faculties and clinical instructors. Objective Structured Clinical Examination is one form of objective evaluation method that includes both summative and formative evaluation components. Therefore the application of objective structured clinical evaluation in nursing students' clinical evaluation increases their competencies. Aim of the Study: compare between objective structured clinical examinations versus observational checklist in evaluation of nursing students' clinical skills. Methodology An evaluative-comparative research was conducted by adapting posttest only design was utilized. A convenience sample of fifty students from second year, Faculty of Nursing, Neelain University, Sudan, Tools; divided into two parts; first part includes Scio-demographic characters and student's clinical evaluation score by both methods and second part included the Opinion of Students regarding advantages of both clinical evaluation methods. Results: Mean of Student's Clinical Evaluation score by Objective Structured Clinical Examination was (25.42%), while by Observational Checklist was (19.72). The more than half participant students (60.0%) preferred Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation than traditional observational checklist in clinical evaluation. There was a statistical significance between the Student's Opinion regarding Clinical Evaluation by Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation and Observational checklist in many questions. Conclusion: The findings of the present study concluded that clinical evaluation by Objective Structured Clinical Examination or Evaluation more objective method of assessment than the traditional method. Recommendation: Based on the current research findings the researchers recommended that; Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation should be incorporated with other methods for evaluating undergraduate nursing students in all studying years.

MARITAL AND FAMILY SATISFACTION ACCORDING TO THE COUPLE`S TYPE OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

The presented research was intended to explore the connection between the levels of marriage and family satisfaction with different interpersonal communication styles. The objective here was to find out whether the experienced level of marriage and family satisfaction will differentiate according to partner`s interpersonal relationship style (authoritarian, egoistic, aggressive, suspicious, submissive, dependent, friendly and altruistic styles). A pilot study was conducted with one hundred participants comprised of males (N = 23; 23%) and females (N = 77; 77%) that completed three questionnaires made up of Leary`s (1957) scale that measured Interpersonal Relationships, Family Satisfaction by Adjectives Scale and Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Participants were within the age of 26 to 64 years (M = 43.6; SD = 9). The obtained results pointed out that there were significant differences between examined persons with different interpersonal relationships upon their levels of family and marital satisfaction. Keywords: intrapersonal relationships, family satisfaction, marital satisfaction.

Prediction of overt aggression experienced by college students

We sought to predict overt aggression among college students from their intra- and interpersonal relationships self-perceptions. Respondents were 311 students (females = 69.8%; black = 65.9%, white = 16.7%; mean age = 26.38 years, SD = 9.57 years) from a large South African university. Results following multivariate inferential analysis indicated Negative, destructive interpersonal relationships; Negative, destructive self-concept; and Positive inclination towards others to predict overt aggression among the university students. By contrast, Positive interaction with self and others; and Submissiveness towards others can be used to predict overt aggression among the university students. Our hypothesis that the more constructive (higher) students’ self-concept and intrapersonal relationships, interpersonal relationships, the lower will their levels of overt aggression, physical aggression and verbal aggression become was supported. As such, the finding was that: Overt Aggression = a(Negative destructive interpersonal relationships) + b(Negative destructive self-concept) − c(Positive inclination towards others).

Emotional Intelligence, Educational Improvement, and Professional Development Pathways: The Case of Abu Dhabi School Leaders

Emotional Intelligence, Educational Improvement, and Professional Development Pathways: The Case of Abu Dhabi School Leaders

Healing Experiences in All Life Stressors (HEALS): A Novel Tool for Assessment of Psycho-Social-Spiritual Healing

Many individuals exhibit significant and continued distress in response to serious and life-limiting illness. However, there are others who make life-transforming changes that involve finding and making meaning in the psychological, social, and spiritual domains of their lives. Such transformative life changes are consistent with healing. Healing is the integration of mind, body, and spirit, leading to acceptance, enhanced coping, and inner peace regardless of disease outcome. A reliable and valid measurement of psycho-social-spiritual healing is not currently available. The HEALS was created to provide a comprehensive measure of psycho-social-spiritual healing. HEALS original items were generated through qualitative interviewing. Then, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted and measures of internal consistency were provided. Cognitive interviewing was subsequently performed to assess content validity and appropriate phrasing of HEALS items. A second set of data on 200 patients has recently been collected to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and convergent and divergent validity. Information regarding gender, age, religious affiliation, education, socioeconomic status, mindfulness, resilience, and previous traumatic life events has also been collected to better understand other factors that might moderate positive transformative life changes. The initial EFA study revealed a four-factor structure which included: religion, spirituality, intrapersonal relationships, and interpersonal relationships. Following cognitive interviewing, several items were deleted, and the current version includes 42 items. Analyses are currently underway with the most recent dataset. New findings and any potential revisions to the 42 items will be presented as indicated. The final validation of the HEALS-a novel tool for psycho-social-spiritual healing is currently underway and will be presented.

Participación social de un grupo de adultos mayores del corregimiento de Obonuco

Fecha de recepción: 10 de mayo de 2017Fecha de revisión: 24 de agosto de 2017Fecha de aprobación: 05 de diciembre de 2017
 Objetivo: Determinar la participación social a partir de la exploración de intereses ocupacionales y uso de los espacios de vida de los adultos mayores de 60 años del corregimiento de Obonuco de la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto. Metodología: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo, con una muestra de 70 adultos mayores de 60 años, a quienes se les aplicó el Cuestionario de intereses ocupacionales para el adulto mayor, que determina el tipo de actividad, nivel de interés, frecuencia, autoeficacia percibida y con quién lo realiza, y la evaluación de espacios de vida con el cuestionario Life Space Assessment (LSA). Resultados: Las actividades que se presentan con mayor grado de interés son, asistir a misa, bailar, visitar familia y amigos, con una frecuencia de una vez por semana, con alta percepción de autoeficacia, sin ninguna compañía de algún familiar, amigo o cuidador, además de tener interés por participar de grupos de estudio. Conclusión: Prevalecen las relaciones intrafamiliares e intrapersonales, que han demostrado que llegar a esta etapa de la vida no es un impedimento para socializar y compartir con los suyos y la comunidad.
 Palabras clave: Participación social, adultos mayores, intereses, ocio y tiempo libre.
 Social participation of a group of older adults from the village of Obonuco
 Objective: Objective: Determine the social participation from the exploration of occupational interests and use of the living spaces of the adults over 60 years of age in the Obonuco annexed village of San Juan de Pasto. Methodology: Descriptive quantitative study, with a sample of 70 adults older than 60 years, to whom the Questionnaire of occupational interests for the older adult was applied, which determines the type of activity, level of interest, frequency, perceived self-efficacy and with whom they do it; and the evaluation of living spaces with the Life Space Assessment questionnaire (LSA). Results: The most frequent activities are attending mass, dancing, visiting family and friends, with a frequency of once a week, with high perception of self-efficacy, without any company of a family member, friend or caregiver, in addition to having interest to participate in study groups. Conclusion: The intra-family and intrapersonal relationships prevail, which have shown that reaching this stage of life is not an impediment to socialize and share with theirs and the community.
 Key words: Social participation, older adults, interests, leisure and free time
 Participação social de um grupo de idosos do corregimento de Obonuco
 Objetivo: A presente investigação tem como objetivo, determinar a participação social, a partir da exploração de interesses ocupacionais e uso dos espaços de vida dos adultos maiores de 60 anos do corregimento de Obonuco da cidade de San Juan de Pasto. Metodologia: estudo quantitativo descritivo, com uma amostra de 70 adultos com mais de 60 anos, a quem foi aplicado o Questionário de interesses ocupacionais para adultos mais velhos, que determina o tipo de atividade, nível de interesse, frequência, autoeficácia percebida e com quem eles fazem isso, e a avaliação de espaços de vida com o questionário Life Space Assessment (LSA). Resultados: as atividades que são apresentadas com maior interesse são: atender a missa, dançar, visitar familiares e amigos, com uma frequência de uma vez por semana, com alta percepção de autoeficácia, sem nenhuma companhia de um membro da família, amigo ou cuidador, além de ter interesse em participar de grupos de estudo. Conclusão: as relações intrafamiliares e intrapessoais prevalecem, as quais mostram que atingir essa fase da vida não é um impedimento para socializar e compartilhar com a comunidade e a comunidade.
 Palavras-chave: Participação social, idosos, interesses, tempo de lazer.
 .

The Encounter with the Identical Other: The Literary Double as a Manifestation of Failure in Self-Constitution

Literary pieces featuring the double depict an encounter between the protagonist and another person, who is her identical other. Therefore they face various difficulties related to a threat cast on their unique identity, and this encounter challenges their process of self-definition. Martin Buber sees the existence of the other as essential for the occurrence of self-constitution within an individual. He maintains that any person needs another person to obtain confirmation of what she is and is born equipped with the ability to confirm her fellow-person in the same way (1959). However, as the other encountered by a doppelgänger protagonist is not truly “other”, the latter might confront a difficulty in the different stages of Buber’s self-constitution process. This paper seeks to shed light on the inter- and intra-personal relationships depicted in literary pieces focusing on the theme of the double, such as The Double (Dostoyevsky [1846] 1997; Saramago 2002), Despair (1965), and Too Much Nina (Orbach 2011), emphasizing the limitations cast by the encounter with the identical other on the protagonist’s self-constitution, as put forward by Buber.

The problem of intellectual disability as perceived by Lev Vygotsky

The article presents the approach of one of the most outstanding psychologists of the twentieth century – Leo S. Vygotsky – on the phenomenon and the state of intellectual disability. Basically, the previews were included in the author's discussion with the concept proposed by another outstanding psychologist of the Kurt Lewin period. The essence of the vision of intellectual disability represented by Vygotsky is its dialectical and historical-cultural character. Intellectual disability is thus a variable, developmental state, dependent on biological, psychological and social determinants. It also reflects the modification of this state and the modification of the historical-civilization achievements of mankind on the part of the mentally handicapped person and the social environment of the contractor. During interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships, and in the light of the above, you can determine the nature of the disability and the nature of the disability in a particular person with a disability.

An Empirical Study to Explore the Relation between Spiritual Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence among Commerce Students

In the Business environment of the fast changing technological growth and communication system there are requirements for human resources having Intelligence Quotient (IQ), Emotional Quotient (EQ) and Spiritual Quotient (SQ). The SQ and EQ are useful in handing intrapersonal and interpersonal relationship whereas IQ helps to take logical decisions. This paper presents the results of an investigation aimed to explore the relation between Spiritual Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence among commerce students. The research is based on the purposive sample selected from students of M.Com, Commerce Department of Punjabi University, Patiala. For data collection and scoring of variables, methodology used by Zainuddin Ahmed namely ROQAN Spiritual Intelligence test (RSIT) and ROQAN Emotional Intelligence test (REIT) are followed. The statistical analysis of Pearson’s product moment method of correlation is calculated. Finding of the paper is that significant positive relationship exists between Spiritual Intelligence and Emotional Intelligence (along with its dimensions) among commerce students.

The elusive transpositions

AbstractFreud’s canonical account portrays the birth of psychoanalysis as the result of an inner observation of oneself located beyond the reach of social requirements. Yet an account of psychoanalytic theory that locates it in the context of the relationships in which it is used shows that the image of the intrapersonal relationship created by this theory, is actuallya transposition of an interpersonal relationship: the portraying of an intrapersonal relationship thus offers a way to define a situation of interaction between social partners. This transposition allows different strategies of actions, which organize interactions by gauging them against norms of modern ‘contractual’ societies. In this way, the situational and dialogical account developed here locates psychoanalysis in its historical and social context.

Preventing Workplace Violence in Human Services Workplaces: Organizational Dynamics to Support Positive Interpersonal Interactions Among Colleagues

ABSTRACTA random sample of human service workers employed by a large public administration organization in Canada (n = 1574) was surveyed to assess the workers’ experiences with negative interpersonal interactions with colleagues, supervisors, and managers and to determine key organizational factors (i.e., supervision, workload, team dynamics, and workplace culture) that predict experiences of workplace violence. The findings support the need to develop workplace environments that support positive intrapersonal relationships between workers, foster mechanisms for improved interpersonal team functioning, promote equality among workers, and improve supervisor-to-worker attentiveness within supervisory relationships. Implications for human services workplace settings are discussed.

Status and Educational Attainment as Predictors of School Principals' Competencies in the Philippine Public Schools

Principals play the role as leaders of school management and are responsible for the outcome of the school. The essential focus of this study is to assess the level of the core competencies of principals in public elementary and secondary schools in Kidapawan City Division, Philippines, for the academic year 2015-2016. A descriptive correlation design was used and treated the level of significance using regression analysis. Findings showed that the level of principal 's competencies as perceived by themselves and teachers was PROFICIENT. The assessment on the level of principals ' core competencies does not differ significantly between self and that of the teachers according to the context of the principal/school, technical and managerial capability, strategic management, inter and intrapersonal relationship and as the link to the community. The combined contribution of the principal 's socio-demographics does not significantly influence their level of core competencies. Status stood out as a significant predictor of technical and managerial ability. Results revealed that the best predictor of the competency on academic leadership and coaching is educational attainment. The study concludes that the level of core competence of principals could contribute to underperforming schools. It is alarming to note that the principals lack a continuing professional development.

Dark Leadership and its Impact on Work Place Spirituality: An Empirical Study

Leadership has an imperative mastery on employee and organisational outcomes. In particular, leaders shapes the culture of the organisation, role model behaviour for employees and develop inter and intra personal relationships between themselves and their followers. states that employees with low spiritual intelligence has a strongly relationship between abusive supervision and workplace deviance compared to individuals with high spiritual intelligence. This paper examines the leader's destructive behaviour and its impact on work place spirituality. The structured questionnaire was adopted to collect the data from217 BPO employees in Coimbatore. The results of the study shows there is a significant positive and negative relationship between the variables of destructive leadership on workplace spirituality. The study highlights the findings of previous research, and suggestions for future studies, and provides a practically useful measure of destructive leader behaviour in organizations. Background of the study: Leadership has an imperative mastery on employee and organisational outcomes. In particular, leaders shape the culture of the organisation, role model behaviour for employees and develop personal relationships between themselves and their followers. Research objective: The objectives of the study is to explore a the destructive behaviour and its impact on workplace spirituality Method: Questionnaire method was used with the sample of 217 respondents working in BPO companies in Coimbatore by using snow ball sampling. The researcher had adopted ex-post facto research design. Results: The results of the study shows there is a significant positive and negative relationship between the variables of destructive leadership and workplace spirituality. Conclusion: The study offers a range of applicable suggestions for the policy makers and the organizations of this sector.

Plunging into the wave’s ebb: Sufi words, biographies of humanity

Inherent in the meaning which the word ‘identity’ bears in Arabic (huwiyya) is a perception of the human self as an ideal place for both stability and change, both sense of belonging and openness to diversity. Such a dichotomy represents a potentially unique source of intercultural dialogue, when it contributes to shaping ‘identities in motion’, stirred by an unyielding desire for self realization and knowledge. Nevertheless, individual and communal selves develop within the framework of distinctive cultures, moulding their path to identity into collectively shared discourses and representations. In this perspective, the paper aims at highlighting the connection between classical Sufism, generally interpreted as Islamic mysticism, and the concept of identity, looking at how the latter relates to the Islamic spiritual tradition as handed down in the works of some representative medieval Sufis. Furthermore, by dealing with issues ranging from the use of language to themes of love and knowledge, this work intends to emphasize the role of the spiritual dimension as the base for those universal values which are at the core of multicultural societies, and to illustrate how the process of acquiring personal inward awareness can improve intrapersonal relationships while spurring an active participation in social life.

Once Bitten, Twice Shy: Trust, Reciprocity, and the Hot-Cold Empathy Gap

Studying a binary-choice trust game, we find that trustors’ beliefs about others’ reciprocity serve as a moderator for the intrapersonal relationship between trust and reciprocity: Optimistic trustors’ willingness to trust is positively influenced by their own reciprocity, whereas the contrary is true for pessimistic trustors. We suggest that people’s reciprocity beliefs determine their state of arousal, which in turn affects their anticipation of future emotions.

Factors Influencing Body Image in Women with Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Literature Review.

ContextMany psycho-socioeconomic and other types factors associated with cancer, the treatment process, and changes in patients’ physical appearance and sexual function influence the body image of women with breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine which factors influence the body image of women with breast cancer.Data CollectionA narrative literature review was conducted. Electronic databases, including Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, IranDoc, Barekat, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Scopus, and PubMed, including Medline, were searched to retrieve articles published from 1993 to 2016 using the keywords breast cancer, treatment, body image, and related factors. The quality of selected studies was appraised using a checklist adapted from Samadaee-Gelehkolaee (2016).ResultsOf 690 articles retrieved in the search, 190 articles were selected for full text appraisal. Finally, 44 articles were selected for data analysis. The results were classified under three headings: bio-psycho-socioeconomic factors, factors associated with the disease and treatment processes, and physical appearance and sexual function.ConclusionsThe findings of this review showed that many factors can influence the body image of women suffering from breast cancer. These factors were predictors of patients’ inter-personal and intra-personal relationships with their partners and others who influenced various other aspects of their lives, possibly leading to many life’s issues. These factors must be identified and considered to make the most appropriate decisions for patients. The strength of this study lies in the exploration of factors influencing the body image of women with breast cancer which earlier studies did not consider. Moreover, the authors believe that this research has addressed nearly all the factors that are real concerns in the body image of women with breast cancer.

Personal Values and Intergroup Empathy

Empirical evidence shows that personal values have an influence on empathy in intrapersonal relationships. We examine the relationship between the values of self-enhancement and self-transcendence among members of the majority group (Israeli Jews) and empathy towards in-group and out-group members (Israeli Arabs). Two hundred and ninety-seven Israeli Jewish students took part in the study. While the results show that self-transcendence values have a consistent effect on empathy whether it is towards in-group or out-group members, the hypotheses regarding the impact of self-enhancement values on empathy towards out-group members were partly supported. We discuss the universality of self-transcendence values in their influence on empathy in different contexts and emphasize the complex relationships among in-group members.

Modified Use of Team-Based Learning to Teach Nursing Documentation.

IntroductionNursing documentation is one of the main parts of clinical documentation. Poor knowledge of nurses in documentation methods could bring about problems for patients and nurses. It is very important to promote nurses’ knowledge and skills in this regard through effective teaching methods. The aim of this study was to use Team-Based Learning (TBL) to teach nursing documentation for nurses.MethodsTBL was implemented for 20 nurses participating in a nursing documentation workshop in Qazvin, Iran, in 2015. TBL consists of three main stages. The first stage is the learners’ reading about the subject matter. The second stage is measuring the learners’ knowledge about the subject matter they have studied using the Individual Readiness Assurance Test (IRAT). In the third stage, more profound learning is achieved by forming small groups and performing teamwork. Finally, participants’ views and experiences about TBL were investigated using observations and interviews.ResultsThe results showed that TBL method increases transfer of information and improves intrapersonal relationships and collaboration. All nurses were satisfied with the educational content and the TBL method. The strong points of this workshop included obtaining the viewpoints of the nurses, step-by-step integration of the contents of teamwork, consultation and active participation of all participants, high learning motivation, and creating a sense of competition. The nurses viewed TBL as a useful method to improve their reporting skills.ConclusionUsing new teaching methods based on teamwork could bring about achievements, including improvement of intrapersonal relationships and teamwork, which are requisites of nursing in addition to facilitating the learning of educational content. It is suggested that the TBL method be used to improve teaching and to increase nurses’ skills and knowledge.