Analysis Of Intraocular Pressure Research Articles

Association Between Days of the Week and Intraocular Pressure: Japan Ningen Dock Study.

The analysis of intraocular pressure (IOP) by day of the week using the mega database showed a periodic weekly pattern with the highest value on Monday. To evaluate IOP by the day of the week. Annual health checkup examinees between April 2014 and March 2015 were cross-sectionally evaluated. As a result, 655,818 participants [51.5±10.5 (range: 20-96) years, 40.1% women] from 103 medical centers were included. IOP was measured using a noncontact tonometer. The mean IOPs of each day of the week were compared using multiple comparison test and multiple linear regression analysis. Wednesday was set as the reference. Moreover, weekly IOP variations stratified by sex and age were also evaluated. Mean IOPs from Monday to Sunday were 13.19±2.97, 13.06±2.92, 13.05±2.91, 13.05±2.92, 13.12±2.94, 13.10±2.96, and 13.16±2.78mmHg. IOP was significantly higher on Monday, Friday, and Saturday than those on Wednesday ( P <0.001, <0.001, 0.002). After adjusting for factors affecting IOP, the IOPs on Monday and Saturday were higher than those on Wednesday [β=0.097 (95% CI: 0.074-0.121), P <0.001; β=0.032 (95% CI: 0.005-0.059), P =0.019]. Men had significantly higher IOPs on Monday and Saturday than on Wednesday [β=0.142 (95% CI: 0.110-0.173), P <0.001; β=0.053 (95% CI: 0.017-0.089), P =0.004], whereas women did not have a significant trend. Participants aged below 65 years had higher IOPs on Monday ( P <0.001 in under 60 years; P =0.003 in 60-64 years), while those aged 65 years or older did not ( P =0.856). IOP values may have a periodic weekly pattern. The high IOP on Monday was more pronounced in men aged less than 65 years.

Analysis of intraocular pressure in healthy individuals and type 2 diabetes patients with and without diabetic retinopathy: A comparative study.

Objective: To compare intraocular pressure between normal subjects and Type 2 diabetics with and without diabetic retinopathy. Study Design: Comparative study. Setting: Sindh Institute of Ophthalmology &amp; Visual Sciences Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan. Period: June 2021 to December 2021. Material &amp; Methods: The ages ranged from 45 to 75 years old. The blood glucose level, intraocular pressure, and indirect ophthalmoscopy were measured between 9:00 am and 11:00 am with an iCare tonometer and an ophthalmoscope. The data were analyzed in SPSS 23.0. Results: A total of 112 participants were included. The average intraocular pressure (IOP) in both eyes of individuals with type 2 diabetes and no diabetic retinopathy is slightly higher than in the non-diabetic population, but the difference is not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). Group A was composed of 16 males (50.0%) and 16 females (50.0%), while group B had 13 males (40.6%) and 19 females (59.3%). In group C, there were 19 males (59.3%) and 13 females (40.6%), and in group D, 7 males (43.7%) and 9 females (56.2%). All female participants were in the post-menopausal phase. Conclusion: In the study, researchers found that the intraocular pressure of diabetics was higher than non-diabetics. Diabetes progression reduced intraocular pressure in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and increased it in proliferative diabetic retinopathy relative to the former, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Age-Related Changes in Intraocular Pressure: Japan Ningen Dock Study.

The analysis of intraocular pressure by age using a mega database showed a consistent age-related intraocular pressure decrease. To clarify the association between age and intraocular pressure (IOP), the IOP value by age was assessed using a large IOP database. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 103 health checkup institutions registered to the Japan Society of Ningen Dock, and included participants who underwent annual health checkups between April 2014 and March 2015. The inclusion criteria were as follows: complete data for IOP in eyes, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and a self-administered health questionnaire. A total of 655,818 participants were enrolled. The mean age was 51.5±10.5 years (range, 20-96y), and 40.1% were women. IOP was measured using a noncontact tonometer. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore factors associated with IOP, including age, and analyses stratified by age group: <40, 40-69, and ≥70 years. A consistent negative association between IOP and age [β=-0.353 (95% confidence interval: -0.360--0.346)] was observed. In the age groups of <40 and ≥70 years, the age-related IOP decline was more pronounced [β=-0.502 (95% CI: -0.566 to -0.439); β=-0.674 (95% CI: -0.753 to -0.595)], with it being 14.21±2.95 and 11.18±2.52mm Hg in the 20-24 and 90-96 year age groups, respectively. The middle-aged (aged 40-69y) population showed gradual decline [β=-0.313 (95% CI: -0.323 to -0.303)]. Age was strongly and negatively associated with IOP. The magnitude of IOP decline across lifespans was ∼3mmHg. Age-related decreases in IOP were nonlinear and phasic.

Urokinase Regulates Heat Shock Protein 27 to Treat Chronic Glaucoma Rats

This study explored urokinase’s effect on the production of heat shock protein 27 in chronic glaucoma rats. 45 SD rats were equally assigned into healthy group, glaucoma group, and urokinase group followed by analysis of intraocular pressure by TONO-PENAVVI tonometer, apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells by TUNEL staining, pathological morphology by H&amp;E staining, levels of SOD, MDA, and NO as well as the expression of HSP27 and p-p38MAPK. After treatment, the intraocular pressure was increased in glaucoma group and decreased in urokinase group (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, glaucoma group showed significantly increased apoptosis rate (P &lt; 0.05) which was decreased in urokinase group (P &lt; 0.05). In glaucoma group, the nerve fibers were disorderly arranged and ganglion cells were greatly reduced which were improved in urokinase group. Compared to healthy group, glaucoma group had lower MDA level and higher SOD levels (P &lt; 0.05) which were reversed in urokinase group (P &lt; 0.05). HSP27 and P-P38MAPK levels in glaucoma group were higher than healthy group (P &lt; 0.05) and urokinase group (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, urokinase can reduce the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma rats and protect the function of the optic nerve by reducing the level of HSP27.

Distribution and analysis of intraocular pressure and its possible association with glaucoma in children.

To analyze intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma-associated factors in children. A total of 4438 children aged 7-16years (2321 boys and 2117 girls) were included in this study. Various ophthalmologic [IOP, central corneal thickness (CCT), etc.] and demographic (body mass index, etc.) parameters were evaluated. IOP increased between the ages of 7 and 9years, peaking at 9years. IOP increased after reaching a trough at 11years and subsequently stabilized after 14years. Girls exhibited thinner CCT (534.28 ± 30.84µm vs. 537.04 ± 31.33µm, P = 0.003), thicker lens thickness (3.56 ± 0.21mm vs. 3.54 ± 0.20mm, P = 0.001), shorter axial length (22.91 ± 0.93mm vs. 23.32 ± 0.89mm, P < 0.001), shallower anterior chamber depth (2.92 ± 0.27mm vs. 3.00 ± 0.26mm, P < 0.001), higher refraction (- 0.57 ± 1.48 D vs. 0.16 ± 1.35 D, P < 0.001), and higher mean corneal curvature (43.77 ± 1.39 vs. 43.03 ± 1.35, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis assessed the following IOP-associated factors: thicker CCT [standardized correlation coefficient (SRC) = 0.201, P < 0.001), deeper anterior chamber depth (SRC = 0.059, P = 0.009), shorter axial length (SRC = - 0.086, P = 0.036), lower mean corneal curvature (SRC = - 0.123, P < 0.001), higher refraction (SRC = - 0.090, P < 0.001). IOP fluctuated in children, and a trend toward a higher mean IOP between the ages of 9 and 11years, which stabilized after 14years, was observed. IOP was associated with CCT, anterior chamber depth, axial length, lens thickness, mean corneal curvature, spherical equivalent, and systolic blood pressure.

Динамика внутриглазного давления после факоэмульсификации катаракты при ее сочетании с первичной закрытоугольной глаукомой

Purpose. Analysis of intraocular pressure after cataract phacoemulsification with IOL implantation in patients with cataract in combination with primary angle-closure glaucoma. Material and methods. The dynamics of IOP after phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was studied in 46 patients (58 eyes) with cataract in combination with angle-closure glaucoma. The initial stage of glaucoma was diagnosed in 5.17%; developed-in 70.69%; distant-in 24.14%. Intraocular pressure was normal at 77.59%, moderately elevated at 12.07%, and high at 10.34% in the hypotensive mode. Follow-up period was from 1 month to 2.5 year s. Results. Depending on the postoperative ophthalmotonus, patients were divided into three groups: IOP is equal to the preoperative level, IOP is lower than the preoperative indicators, and IOP is higher than the initial one. The level of ophthalmotonus corresponded to the preoperative level in most eyes during the entire follow-up period, and by the age of 2.5, the number of these patients reached 71.43%. The number of patients with intraocular pressure is lower than preoperative values (3–9 mm Hg) was 62.74% in the first months, and by the end of the observation period it decreased to 19.04%. Intraocular pressure higher than preoperative pressure (2–4 mm Hg) was registered in 20 eyes (34.48%). In one case, the increase in IOP did not exceed the statistical norm and did not require correction, in 14 eyes IOP was compensated by additional medication, and in 5 eyes with far-advanced glaucoma, surgery was required. Conclusion. After phacoemulsification of cataracts in closed-angle glaucoma, it is not always possible to obtain a sufficient and persistent hypotensive effect, which probably indicates that the iridocorneal angle of retention intraocular fluid in the outflow pathways is attached to the blockade, which requires further study.

Corneal Biomechanics and Measurement of Intraocular Pressure Measurement in Pathological Corneas

Measuring the intraocular pressure in eyes with corneal diseases or after corneal interventions often results in false values due to abnormal corneal biomechanics. Many different approaches are used to compensate for these abnormal corneal biomechanic properties, with varying measuring methods. There are differences when these alternative measuring methods are compared to the gold standard, applanation tonometry according to Goldmann. These differences vary between the methods and with different corneal changes. There is no clear recommendation on a precise method that is suitable for every pathological cornea. Therefore it is important to know the different variations and to include them in the analysis of every patient's intraocular pressure analysis.

Observational Study Results in Glaucoma Patients Undergoing a Regimen Replacement to Fixed Combination Travoprost 0.004%/Timolol 0.5% in Germany

With the launch of the fixed combination of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% (trav/tim) in Germany in May 2006, a noninterventional observational study designed as an open-label, multicenter, 6-week trial was initiated in order to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of this new drug combination in glaucoma patients. Participants were grouped into categories according to previous drug regimens: those on timolol monotherapy; those on prostaglandin analog (PGA) monotherapy; those on concomitant therapy with a PGA and timolol; and those on fixed combinations. Trav/tim was well accepted by the patients, with 87.9% judging the tolerability of the therapy as good, very good, or excellent. Analysis of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements showed statistically significant IOP decreases in all four categories examined in our study after regimen substitution with fixed-combination trav/tim. Fixed-combination prostaglandin analog/beta-blocker formulations are an attractive therapeutic option due to their strong IOP-lowering efficacy with once-daily dosing. In this study, glaucoma patients who underwent a regimen modification to fixed-combination trav/tim showed further reductions in IOP, irrespective of which selected monoor multiple therapies had been used previously.

Simultaneous statistical analysis of intraocular pressure and resistance to aqueous outflow: significance in early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Simultaneous study of intraocular pressure and resistance to aqueous outflow, as described in this paper, allows better determination of the distribution limits of a normal population than separate studies of tonometry and tonography. The method has value in the early diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma.