Intrafamily Violence Research Articles

Victimological apparatus for the study of intra-family violence

  The study of victims of domestic violence is an urgent issue. To eradicate intra-family violence, we must investigate not only the identity of the perpetrator, but also the identity of the victim, we must not forget. Since the victim and the perpetrator of intra-family violence have a close relationship and connections with each other. Analyzing victims of domestic violence, it is possible to classify them by age; gender; role status; moral and psychological characteristics; the severity of the crime from which the victim suffered; the degree of guilt of the victim; the nature of the victim's behavior. Persons at risk of being victims of domestic violence behave in different ways: aggressively or in another provocative way; passively, yield to violence; show a complete misunderstanding of the tricks of criminals or elementary carelessness. The conceptual basis of the victimological apparatus consists of such concepts as "victim" or "victim", "victimogenic factors", "victimization", "victim behavior", "victimization", "victimological situation", "victimological prevention". In order to prevent domestic violence, it is necessary to approve an anti-discrimination policy against women in society, introduce psychological assistance and rehabilitation programs for women in family crisis situations, as well as a system of psychological and practical measures aimed at correcting personal victim qualities and preventing victim behavior of women. Keywords: victimological apparatus, criminal personality, victim behavior, victim, family.

Disability, a factor of vulnerability to incest

Disability, a factor of vulnerability to incestThere is a lack of visibility on the issue of sexual violence among people with disabilities. There is an omerta on this subject within the social and medico-social establishments that receive them. Intra-family sexual violence is kept silent, as it is everywhere else. The vulnerability of children with disabilities is a risk factor for rape and sexual assault, and communication problems hinder their disclosure. Interview with Marie Rabatel, President of the Francophone Association of Autistic Women, expert of the High Authority of Health on the issues of violence against women with disabilities, member of the Independent Commission on incest and sexual violence against children.

Accompanying young girls who are victims of incest, a necessarily holistic approach

Accompanying child and adolescent victims of incest towards reconstruction requires professionals trained in the specificities of this intra-family sexual violence. The Jean-Bru shelter, which takes in young girl victims, has developed the expertise of a complementary multi-partner approach and offers socio-educational, medical-psychological and legal support, for the benefit of a personalized global project that also includes the family link.

Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and associations with prenatal substance use and poor infant outcomes in a multi-country cohort of mothers: a latent class analysis

BackgroundThis paper enumerates and characterizes latent classes of adverse childhood experiences and investigates how they relate to prenatal substance use (i.e., smoking, alcohol, and other drugs) and poor infant outcomes (i.e., infant prematurity and low birthweight) across eight low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsA total of 1189 mother-infant dyads from the Evidence for Better Lives Study cohort were recruited. Latent class analysis using the Bolck, Croon, and Hagenaars (BCH) 3-step method with auxiliary multilevel logistic regressions was performed.ResultsThree high-risk classes and one low-risk class emerged: (1) highly maltreated (7%, n = 89), (2) emotionally and physically abused with intra-familial violence exposure (13%, n = 152), (3), emotionally abused (40%, n = 474), and (4) low household dysfunction and abuse (40%, n = 474). Pairwise comparisons between classes indicate higher probabilities of prenatal drug use in the highly maltreated and emotionally abused classes compared with the low household dysfunction and abuse class. Additionally, the emotionally and physically abused with intra-familial violence exposure class had higher probability of low birthweight than the three remaining classes.ConclusionOur results highlight the multifaceted nature of ACEs and underline the potential importance of exposure to childhood adversities on behaviors and outcomes in the perinatal period. This can inform the design of antenatal support to better address these challenges.

The phenomenon of domestic violence: modern methods of prevention and effective means of protection

Domestic violence as a socially dangerous phenomenon poses a great threat to the proper functioning of the family. Protecting vulnerable populations from domestic violence and cruelty is an influential area of state action, and despite its importance, even highly developed democratic and legal states are unable to eliminate domestic violence. The work aims to study modern prevention methods and effective ways to protect against domestic violence, including social, legal, economic, medical and other aspects. The research methodology consists of methods, such as: historical-legal and comparative-legal; formal and logical; empirical; cognitive; analogy method; questionnaires; and program-target. The study summarized the recommendations that are necessary to further improve international cooperation and implement useful tools for such cooperation. As a result of the investigation, the authors concluded that in order to effectively combat intra-family violence, it is necessary to adopt regulations that promote collaboration in the fight against intra-family violence and carry out extensive educational work among the population, to combat impunity and violence. and insecurityin people's thinking.

A Clinical and Psychopathological Approach to Radicalization Among Adolescents.

Recent studies have shown higher rates of radicalization of adolescents than in the 2000s. Since 2015, radicalization prevention units have been implemented in child and adolescent psychiatry departments in France. We aimed to report on the psychopathology of adolescents who were followed up in a university department due to their “radical conduct.” Based on the available clinical data (from child psychiatry consultations, long-term family and/or individual therapy, and psychological testing) for 20 adolescents with “radical conduct,” we examined the nature of their radical conduct, their psychopathology, their family characteristics, and the existence or absence of traumatic experiences. Among the 20 adolescents, 4 had radical conduct associated with a delusional syndrome (schizophrenia or a psychotic episode after substance abuse). For the other 16, we found no psychotic conditions. The analysis of other data showed that the adolescents shared some characteristics, such as an important prevalence of intrafamilial violence, sexual abuse, imprisonment of family members, traumatic family histories, and significant psychological control or dependence phenomena occurring in divided families. This diversity of psychopathologies appears consistent with previous studies highlighting the relevance of diverse profiles depending on the presence of a delusional syndrome, the individual's gender and the individual's attraction to violence. Finally, we discuss some psychopathological hypotheses and make therapeutic recommendations. We believe that child and adolescent psychotherapy/psychiatry has a role to play in countering violent extremism by offering adolescents a way out of radical commitment.

Violences conjugales, analyse du lien violent à l’épreuve du confinement

AimThe aim of this article is to present the preliminary results of a multidisciplinary research project, which focuses on the potential effects of lock-down on intra-family and domestic violence. More specifically, it is a question of considering the effects of confinement on the precipitation of the violent marital bond, in order to consider the difficulties and levers identified by the perpetrators as well as the victims to get out of the violent circularity. MethodQuestionnaires were widely distributed on social networks. Some are intended for perpetrators, others for victims. All question the evolution of the marital bond in the test of lock-down and the way in which the subject positions himself in the couple relationship. Interview grids have also been developed. Perpetrators and victims of domestic violence were therefore able to be met in the context of semi-structured interviews aimed at evaluating the impact of confinement on the dynamics of the violent bond between the two partners. ResultsThe first trends indicate a magnifying effect on the effects of influence in the couple, increasing the expression of violence, whether pre-existing to the lock-down, or revealed by them. The hold in the relationship and the attempt to master the other are, it would seem, to be read from the angle of a counterbalancing of the experience of passivity linked to the fact of feeling “locked in”, subject to constraints. imposed spaces. The resources to get out of this violent circle and the process of constraint, do not seem to be able to be mobilized, as if lock-down removed any possibility of seizing the levers likely to stop the violent process.

The Multilevel Pathway in MSTs for the Evaluation and Treatment of Parents and Minor Victims of ACEs: Qualitative Analysis of the Intervention Protocol.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may be an important risk factor for the onset of developmental psychopathological disorders. Families involved in ACEs are often the subject of social or welfare policies aimed solely at the victim, without a proper consideration of family functionality. Methods: We describe the results of an Italian intervention project, which aimed to reinforce both the local networking of the Campania region, and the skills of the operators involved in actions to prevent and combat ACEs. The project was characterized by different phases and two actions, namely: (1) diagnosis and therapy aimed at child victims of ACEs and their families; (2) supervision of the operators of the multidisciplinary specialized teams (MSTs). Results: 99% of the cases under review were characterized by intra-family violence; 34% suffered psychological abuse, 33% neglect, 23% inappropriate care, 4% sexual abuse, 3% excessive care and 3% physical abuse. Conclusions: Thanks to the interventions carried out, severe and chronic ACE situations were recognized, and processes of de-institutionalization and the construction of life projects were carried out in accordance with the territorial services. This offered child victims and their families an opportunity to restore the conditions of well-being, both for the growth of the individual and the family system.

1.4 THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON SIBLING RELATIONSHIPS

The social isolation, economic downturn, and school disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic influences youth mental health. Social isolation across developmental periods has a cumulative, dose-response relationship to poor physical and mental health. Economic downturns impact adult employment, mental health, intrafamily violence, and thereby youth mental health. School disruptions impact nutrition, mental health services, and education, and thus youth mental health. Given that most mental health disorders begin in childhood, and siblings provide the primary social context for development, it is imperative to examine the sibling relationship during the pandemic.

Coordination des intervenants dans la prise en charge des violences intrafamiliales

Ales-Cevennes hospital identifies within each of its departments health professionals to lead the care of users concerned by intrafamily violence. They act as a sentinel within their units and facilitate the coordination of the care pathway. The emergency department plays a leading role in structuring the project. The maternity unit offers consultations designed specifically for victims. The aim is to put in place personalised care matching as closely as possible the needs of each user in a systemic approach to their pathway.

The role of nurses in supporting female victims of violence

Nurses provide care to victims of intrafamily violence in accordance with their competencies and their ethical code. Systematic screening is put in place in an atmosphere of trust and respect of the victim. Their referral takes their preferences into account and involves multiple disciplines. Knowledge of the services concerned is essential to ensure the care pathway is smooth and the objectives are met.

Maternal filicide and mental illness: A descriptive study of 17 women hospitalized in a French secure unit over a 24-year period.

Maternal filicide is defined as the murder of a child by its mother. Many classifications have been elaborated based on underlying motives such as altruism, mental pathology, fatal maltreatment, spousal revenge, or an unwanted child. Pathological filicide refers to cases in which the perpetrator has a major psychiatric illness. Related literature is sparse. The present work proposes to identify the main characteristics of mentally ill filicidal mothers. This study was based on data gathered through a retrospective chart review of all filicidal women admitted to the Henri Colin secure unit (France) between 1996 and 2019 (N=17). Most filicidal mothers had a dysfunctional childhood marked by emotional neglect, intrafamilial violence, or social isolation. They were often married, on average about 32years old. We found a history of attempted filicide in 3 cases, and abuse or neglect in 3 other cases. The victim's average age was 6.2years old, and in several cases, multiple siblings were murdered. Half of the filicidal mothers had a history of psychiatric disorders. Three different diagnoses were found in our study: bipolar or depressive disorders (41.2%); schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders (41.2%); personality disorders (17.6%). We identified two subgroups, as having different motivational profiles. In the first group, filicide is a defensive reaction to a perceived threat: The murder is committed under the influence of hallucinations or delusions. In the second group, filicide is linked to a context of separation, real or imagined. Several forensic and psychopathologic features associated with each profile are detailed.

Opportunities to improve sleep of children exposed to interpersonal violence: A social-ecological perspective

Over 25% of U.S. children are witness to traumatic intrafamilial or community violence each year, and sleep medicine and developmental research jointly suggest that trauma-exposed youth experience more sleep disturbance than their non-exposed counterparts. Sleep medicine literature emphasizes physical and social environmental factors affecting sleep, and trauma literature underscores children’s seeking out physically and emotionally safe and predictable environments during trauma recovery. This study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological framing to explore the lived experiences of 65 violence-exposed children and families, and to examine how youths’ social and physical sleep environments facilitated or impeded sleep in the aftermath of trauma. Children’s sleep experiences following violence exposure shared two primary essences of experience: a) navigating external threats that agitated sleep after trauma; and b) exercising agency over sleep and related environments to restabilize emotional security. Clinicians and social services coordinators working with children and families are uniquely positioned to indicate sleep assessments as part of treatment following trauma, and to also facilitate identification of tangible, sleep-supportive and changeable factors in sleep environments.

Loneliness and associated factors among Brazilian adolescents: results of national adolescent school-based health survey 2015

ObjectiveTo identify the associated factors to loneliness among Brazilian adolescents, considering this is a knowledge gap and given its severity. The United Nations estimates that mental health problems affect approximately 20% of adolescents worldwide. MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study with data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey 2015, conducted with students aged 13-17 in Brazil. The statistical analysis was performed with the calculation of the prevalence of feeling loneliness reported. Poisson regression with the adjusted Prevalence Ratio was used to evaluate the association between sociodemographic characteristics, family context, mental health and lifestyles, and feelings of loneliness. Results15,5% of Brazilian students reported loneliness in the last 12 months. Female gender, higher maternal education, insomnia and be bullying victims rarely or sometimes and most of the time or always had a higher prevalence rate of loneliness. Having friends, having a meal with parents or guardians 5 days or more a week and having understanding parents showed a lower prevalence ratio for loneliness. ConclusionLoneliness feeling is frequent among adolescents and is associated with female gender, less social and family support, intra-family violence and risk behaviors such as alcohol consumption and bullying. Policies to promote physical and mental well-being in this age group, stimulating friendship and family participation in the lives of adolescents should be made .

Revisión sistemática: Violencia intrafamiliar en tiempos de confinamiento por COVID 19

The objective of the systematic review study with the PRISMA method was to analyze intrafamily violence in times of confinement by COVID 19 in Ibero-American countries from 2019 to 2021 of original articles extracted from open access scientific bases in Spanish, Portuguese and English. Filtering, screening and definitive screening were used in the search process, expressed in a flow diagram and tables. According to the analysis, the recurrent increase in intrafamily intimate partner violence, child abuse, compared to behavioral changes due to mandatory social distancing measures due to the Covid 19 pandemic, was identified.

A atuação de magistrados/as paulistas diante da oitiva de crianças vítimas de violência sexual intrafamiliar

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a percepção dos/as juízes de direito quanto a oitiva da criança vítima de violência sexual intrafamiliar, tendo por base teórica o contexto ecológico de desenvolvimento humano. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 12 juízes de duas comarcas do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação livre. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo. Emergiu a categoria empírica "Falta de preparo", evidenciando um modelo jurídico pontuado pela estatabilidade (centralização do poder no nível do Estado) e racionalidade formal, com pensamento que abandona a justificação material e pauta-se por considerações formais. A subcategoria "Suporte aos juízes de direito" exibenecessidade de novo regramento do tema, que traga espectro de conhecimento referente às competências interdisciplinares na capacitação dos juízes, requerendo avanços aos diplomas legislativos pertinentes. Os conteúdos apurados refletem urgências específicas no ensino jurídicodo Brasil diante das transformações no contexto sociopolítico cultural da atualidade. Evidencia-seque os magistrados necessitam de capacitação técnica para lidar com os fenômenos aqui tratados.

INFIDELITY AND FAMILY VIOLENCE: APURÍMAC CASE

The objective of the research is to determine infidelity and family violence, the method used was descriptive of a quantitative approach, applied type research, with a level of descriptive research, nonexperimental, transactional design. The population was made up of 130,900 thousand family households, and for the collection of information a probabilistic sampling of a stratified type was made of 383 samples from the seven provinces, for which the Infidelity Tendency Questionnaire (T-IFD) was applied. ), aimed at diagnosing emotional problems. The results obtained on the incidence of membership need is 66.34% of people who experience family violence; and as for the incidence of Prejudice in the Apurímac region, it is 67.72%. The incidence on the Lack of Dialogue of the respondents is 71.12% with a tendency to seek new experiences and on the incidence of Search for new experiences, there are 66.58% of the respondents and what the incidence of family violence is at 14.3% at the level of the Apurímac region are observed with a higher incidence of intrafamily violence. Concluding infidelity is high, such as the need for belonging, prejudice and lack of dialogue, and a high percentage that seek new experiences and that somehow affects family violence.

Saúde de homens em vivência de violência intrafamiliar e conjugal processados criminalmente

Objective: to describe the health compromise of men experiencing intrafamily and conjugal violence. Method: Descriptive, qualitative study, with the participation of 44 men who respond to criminal proceedings for conjugal violence in the 1st and 2nd Court of Justice for Peace at Home in the municipality of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, through the creation of Reflective Groups in 5 editions between 2014 and 2018. Results: The experience of intrafamily violence and marital commitment to the health of men with physical and psychological symptoms, manifested by chest pains, shortness of breath and weight loss; irritability, vigilance, changes in sleep patterns, sadness, feelings of helplessness and suicidal behavior; impacts on loss of work function or difficulty in employability; disruption of family affective bonds and the support network; constraint and social isolation. Conclusion : Experiencing intrafamily violence and perpetrating conjugal violence causes self-destruction in men who are criminally prosecuted, with repercussions of harmful expression to their identity, health and life.

To Live, Not Only Survive-An Ongoing Endeavor: Resilience of Adult Swedish Women Abused as Children.

Background: A significant proportion of individuals exposed to maltreatment in childhood adapt positively in adulthood despite the adversities, i.e., show resilience. Little is known about resources and processes related to adulthood that promote resilience. Since women are overrepresented as victims of intrafamilial violence, understanding resilience among adult women is important.Objective: To explore experiences of resilience among adult women who perceive well-being and well-functioning although being exposed to maltreatment during childhood.Participants and Setting: This study included 22 women with experiences of childhood maltreatment, mean age of 48 years, living in Sweden.Methods: Individual interviews were conducted and analyzed according to constructivist grounded theory.Results: The process of resilience was experienced as an ongoing endeavor to live, not only survive, an internal process that interacted with external processes involving social relations and conditions. This endeavor was built on four interrelated resources: establishing and maintaining command of life; employing personal resources; surrounding oneself with valuable people; and reaching acceptance. These worked together, not in a linear or chronological order, but in up and down ways, turns and straight lines (now and then), through the process from maltreatment to well-being.Conclusion: Resilience was found to rest on intrapersonal and interpersonal resources. Individual's inherent capabilities can be, depending on life circumstances and available resources, realized in a way that promote well-being and well-functioning despite severe adversities. Therefore, public health initiatives, social services, and policies should provide conditions that help women maltreated in childhood to live fully rather than merely to survive.

Life after Domestic Homicide: Examining the Psychosocial Implications on Children-Survivor

Although the problem of domestic violence has received considerable attention, the study of domestic homicide is relatively recent and limited to precipitating conditions or the act itself. Most of the literature on familicide focuses on the personality characteristics of the victim and perpetrator or tries to answer the question, “How did the death happen?” Little notice, however, has been given to the children of the victim and offender who, in the midst of their loss and extreme suffering, inherit the fallout from the death of one parent, and incarceration of the other. The study therefore explored the psychosocial implications of parental absence on account of death and incarceration on surviving children. Qualitative data were obtained from 18 convicted and awaiting trial inmates for spousal homicide in three selected prisons in Lagos state, key informant interviews (KII) with four officials of Office of Public Defenders (OPD), three officials of Directorate of Public Prosecutions (DPP) and two child psychologists. Surviving children of domestic homicide suffer massive upheaval, psychiatric disturbance, ill health, financial difficulties, ostracism, scars from witnessing the domestic violence that preceded the murder and the propensity for future intrafamilial violence. The study concludes that direct and indirect exposure to domestic violence and homicide is negatively associated with children’s emotional, behavioural and developmental well-being. Hence, welfare of such children which should include therapy, relief of suffering, resolution of trauma symptoms, provision of supportive environment and clarification of cognitive or emotional distortions about the homicide should be incorporated in the prosecution process by relevant agencies.