Intracranial Chondroma Research Articles

Falx chondroma with hyperostosis of the scull: A case report

Intracranial chondroma is a very rare, slow growing, benign cartilaginous tumor that arises usually from the base of the scull. Chondroma located at the falx is extremely rare. According to our best knowledge 15 cases of falx chondromas have been reported in the literature. This is the first case report of falx chondroma located in the parietal area associated with hyperostosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a 3x4x4 cm solid, calcified, ring-shaped, well-defined tumor at the posterior falx.The patient underwent surgery and complete resection was performed. Histological examination confirmed chondroma of the falx. Postoperative CT scan showed no residual of tumor and the patient was discharged. The long-term prognosis is good after a total excision of the tumor. Awareness of this rare pathology in the differential diagnosis of falx mass could facilitate the diagnosis.

Intracranial Extra-axial Chondroma: A Case Report

Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs most often at the skull base. In extremely rare instances, it arises from the dura mater of the convexity or from the falx cerebri. The tumor cells are thought to originate from meningeal fibroblasts, perivascular mesenchymal tissue, or ectopic chondrocytes. Because the clinical presentation of such cases is nonspecific and because neuroimaging findings are not pathognomonic, intracranial chondromas mimic other intracranial tumors. Herein, we report a chondroma originating from the dura mater in the frontal region. The patient had been followed-up radiologically for 3 years after a preliminary diagnosis of meningioma until the correct diagnosis of chondroma was established with postoperative histological examination.

A case of giant skull base chondroma.

Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign tumor. Here, we present the case of a 29-year-old female who was afflicted with left eye blindness and ptosis. Brain computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of a giant calcified mass accompanied by a solid mass in the middle and posterior fossa. A differential diagnosis regarding chordoma, chondrosarcoma, and other chondroid tumors based on radiologic information was inconclusive. The lesion was resected completely under a microscope using a combined pterional and subtemporal approach. The pathologic report confirmed the diagnosis of chondroma. No evidence of neurological worsening was observed. The tumor had a calcified mass with mature hyaline cartilage surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule. We dissected the periphery of the tumor mass and removed it via aspiration. It was readily distinguished from normal brain parenchymal tissue. The large calcified mass at the center of the tumor had relatively high vascularity, and a high-speed drill and various rongeurs were used to remove the tumor.

48‐Year‐Old Woman with A Cerebellopontine Angle Mass

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign neoplasms with an estimated incidence rate of 0.2–0.3%. They usually occur at the skull base, or arise from the dura and leptomeninges. Rarely, they have been reported at the cerebellopontine (CP) angle. Here we describe an interesting case of CP angle chondroma which was clinically and radiologically diagnosed as schwannoma and meningioma.

An intracranial chondroma with intratumoral hemorrhage: a case report and review of the literature.

A 55-year-old female presented to the emergency room with a complaint of aphasia. Her initial brain computed tomography scan showed an intracranial hemorrhage in the left frontal area. After surgery, histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a chondroma. Intradural chondroma is a rare, slow growing, benign intracranial neoplasm, but is even rarer in combination with an intratumoral hemorrhage. Chondromas are generally avascular cartilaginous lesions. Our case was thought to be caused by the rupture of abnormally weak vessels derived from the friable tumor. Intradural chondromas may be included in the differential diagnosis of intracranial tumors with acute hemorrhages.

Intracranial cystic chondroma: a case report

IntroductionIntracranial chondromas are rare benign tumors with an incidence of 0.2% to 0.3% of all intracranial tumors. This is the first case of an intracranial chondroma reported from Pakistan.Case presentationWe report a case of a 23-year-old Asian man presenting with intracerebral chondroma of the left frontal lobe, which was eroding the dura matter. The intracranial chondroma was completely removed by surgery.ConclusionIntracranial chondromas are rare benign cartilaginous tumors. Through this case presentation we have discussed the diagnostic procedures, radiological and pathological findings. The purpose of presenting such a rare case is to develop awareness among clinicians and medical students and to highlight the requirement of immediate actions to ensure proper management of such cases.

Characteristic CT and MRI Findings of Intracranial Chondroma

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign tumors. To date, few data are available on their neuroradiological features. To describe a series of patients with intracranial chondroma and to analyze and discuss the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features that may distinguish chondromas from other intracranial neoplasms. We retrospectively analyzed clinical and medical imaging data of six patients who had pathologically confirmed intracranial chondromas in our two institutions between July 2006 and September 2011. Both CT and MRI scanning were performed in all six cases. Five tumors were located at the skull base and one originated from the falx. CT images revealed well-demarcated, irregular lobulated and variable density masses with obvious calcification (6/6), no or slight enhancement, without peritumoral edema, and frequently accompanied by erosion and destruction of surrounding bone (5/6). Tumor parenchyma appeared heterogeneously hypointense on T1WI, and hyperintense or mixed hyperintense and hypointense on T2WI, while the calcification appeared hypointense on T1WI and T2WI in five cases, demonstrating significant inhomogeneous enhancement on postcontrast MRI, which revealed the typical "punica granatum seeds" sign. Only one case showed homogeneous low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI, and relatively uniform obvious enhancement on postcontrast scans. These characteristic CT and MR findings, combined with the location of the lesions and the history of a long duration of clinical symptoms, may prove helpful in differentiating intracranial chondromas from other more common tumors.

Chondroma Located in Cerebral Parenchyma Without Meningeal Attachment

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign tumors, which usually originate from skull base synchondrosis. In rarer cases, intracranial chondromas originate from the cerebral parenchyma without meningeal attachment, which is defined as intracerebral chondroma. In this paper, an 18-year-old male patient with intracerebral chondroma is presented. There are only 5 cases of intracerebral chondromas without meningeal attachment published in the literature. According to the clinical data, the intracerebral chondromas are hard hyaline cartilage, irregular lobulated grayish-white mass macroscopically and consist of mature hyaline chondrocyte microscopically. Total removal is the best treatment method for intracerebral chondroma.

Condroma intracraneal: un caso de muerte súbita

Sudden deaths due to primary intracranial tumours undiagnosed during life are rare. We present a case of sudden death in a young adult with no clinical history of interest. The forensic autopsy discovered that the cause of death was an intracranial chondroma. According to the literature, intracranial chondromas are usually diagnosed in life, so the onset of this tumour as sudden death is exceptional. Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign tumour. Histopathological and radiological characteristics are well defined. The treatment of choice is complete resection, and the long-term prognosis is good. This case shows that it would be convenient to perform an autopsy of all unexpected sudden deaths in young people, in order to determine the cause of death.

Intracranial parafalcine chondroma in a pregnant patient

Background:Intracranial chondromas are rare benign neoplasms. We report a patient incidentally diagnosed with an intracranial chondroma during her second trimester.Case Description:A 22-year-old Caucasian was diagnosed with an incidental parafalcine lesion found during admission due to a motor vehicle accident. Prior to the admission, the patient did not present with any neurological symptom. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) suggested this intracranial lesion to be benign. A decision was made to delay the tumor excision until after delivery. Special anesthesia considerations were made to maintain stable blood pressure and euvolemia during the Cesarean section. The patient underwent a successful gross total removal of the intracranial tumor two months postpartum without any post-operative deficit.Conclusion:This is the first case report of an intracranial parafalcine chondroma in pregnancy. This report highlights the disease course of this rare type of tumor during pregnancy. This case illustrates relevant aspects of the management of a neurologically asymptomatic patient with an incidentally discovered intracranial tumor of which MRS suggested a benign nature.

Microsurgical treatment of intracranial chondroma

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign tumors. Little data are available on the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. Thus, we aimed to describe a large series of patients with intracranial chondroma and to analyze and discuss the clinical features and microsurgical treatment of these patients. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 30 patients (12 males and 18 females; mean age 35.4 years; age range 16–60 years) who had pathologically confirmed intracranial chondroma treated at our hospital from September 1996 to June 2008. Surgery was performed on all 30 patients: five patients underwent postoperative radiotherapy; 26 patients were followed up postoperatively for a mean duration of 45.8 months. The surgical approach was selected according to tumor location. Total resection was achieved in 11 patients, subtotal resection in 13, and partial resection in nine (three patients had recurrent chondroma). Follow-up showed that 21 patients recovered without recurrences, three had recurrence, and two patients died. The clinical manifestations included headache and multiple cranial nerve lesions. Imaging usually showed a well-demarcated extramedullary tumor, centrally located, without surrounding brain edema, partially calcified (73.3%) and with minimal vascularity, often accompanied by erosion and destruction of surrounding bone (56.7%). It is difficult to totally remove an intracranial chondroma, and it is not possible to differentiate a chondroma from a myxoma or chordoma at the cranial base on the basis of clinical manifestations and neuroradiological findings. Selection of the appropriate surgical approach is important for resection of the tumor.

Solitary Intracerebral Chondroma without Meningeal Attachment: A Case Report with Review of the Literature

Intracranial chondromas are rare, benign cartilaginous tumours that account for < 0.3% of primary intracranial tumours. They usually originate from the basal synchondrosis and are extradural though, extremely rarely, they can be intracerebral. Here the case of a 45-year old female is presented with a solitary intracerebral chondroma located in the right frontal lobe with no meningeal attachment. The epidemiology, aetiology, clinical behaviour, radiological features, histological features and treatment of the case are discussed with a review of previous cases reported in the literature.

An intracranial chondroma with intratumoral and subarachnoidal hemorrhage

An intracranial chondroma with intratumoral and subarachnoidal hemorrhage

A Solitary Convexity Dural Chondroma: The Proposed Role of Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging in the Differential Diagnosis of Intracranial Chondroma and Meningioma

Chondromas arising from the dura mater are rare intracranial tumors. We describe a case of intracranial chondroma originating from the durra mater of the convexity, mimicking a meningioma. The neuroradiological and surgical findings are described. The diagnostic clues for the differential diagnosis between chondromas and meningiomas are discussed and reviewed.

Osteochondroma of the convexity: pathologic-neuroimaging correlates of a lesion that mimics high-grade meningioma

Intracranial chondromas are uncommon benign lesions usually attached to dura and located over the convexity of the skull. Osteochondromas are even rarer and additionally contain a benign bony component. Both lesions are reportedly difficult to distinguish from meningiomas on pre-operative neuroimaging studies, although few detailed pathologic-neuroimaging correlation studies have appeared in the literature, particularly for intracranial osteochondromas. A 33-year-old woman with a 4-year history of headaches presented with recent onset of left-sided muscle spasms and weakness. Two days prior to admission to our hospital, neuroimaging studies had shown a large right convexity mass with unusual multifocal bright signal intensities throughout an otherwise isointense mass. The bright signals were interpreted as showing multifocal hemorrhage and the mass was felt to be a convexity meningioma. However, subsequent catheter angiography characterized the lesion as being avascular. The mass was resected en bloc. Extensive histological sectioning revealed a benign osteochondroma predominantly composed of lobules of hypocellular cartilage. Microdissection of the different components revealed that the multifocal, spicule-like bright foci interpreted as hemorrhage on neuroimaging studies were instead foci of benign bone containing metaplastic bone marrow with trilineage hematopoietic cell populations and adipose tissue. Centrally, the hilum of the lesion contained avascular loose connective tissue. No recent or remote hemorrhage was identified anywhere in the lesion. Rare convexity osteochondromas may be mistaken for high-grade meningiomas on neuroimaging studies; their avascular nature, coupled with their complex signal pattern can serve as clues to the correct pre-operative diagnosis.

Intracranial chondroma: study of 30 cases

Objective To study the clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment of intracranial chondroma. Method The clinical data of 30 cases of intracranial chondroma confirmed by pathology from Sep. 1996 to Jun. 2008, 12 males and 18 females, aged 35.4 (16～60), were analyzed retrospectively. Operations were performed on all 30 patients,5 cases underwent radiotherapy postoperatively. Results The tumor usually arise from the embryonic cartilaginous remnants of chondrogenic cells at the basilar synchondroses of the cranial base with a predilection for the parasellar region and middle fossa. The clinical manifestations included headache and injury of multiple cranialnerves. Imaging examination usually showed well-demarcated masses with calcifications in 60%～90% of the cases. The approaches of operation were selected according to the tumor position. Total resection was achieved in 11 cases, subtotal resection was achieved in 13 cases,and gross resection in 9 cases. 26 patients were followed up after operation for mean time 45.8 months. The follow up showed that recuperation was achieved in 21 cases, recurrence occurred in 3 cases,and 2 patients died. Conclusions It is difficult to remove the tumor totally. The curative efficacy of radiotherapy is not definite. It is difficult to differentiate chondroma from myxoma and chordoma by the clinical and neuroradiological manifestations. Pathology is still the main diagnosis means. Key words: Chondroma; Brain neoplasms; Microsurgery

Giant cystic intracranial chondroma of the falx with review of literature

Rare cases of intracranial chondromas have been documented in the literature, often after complete surgical excision. We describe a case of giant intracranial tumor at post-mortem examination of a man who had survived 48 years after a partial debulking. Histological examination revealed a chondroid tumor with no significant pleomorphism and central cystic degeneration. Our case illustrates the benignity of the intracranial chondroma and to our knowledge, is one of the longest surviving and largest cases found after incomplete removal.

Intracranial chondroma of the falx in a child; Case report &amp; review of the literature

Intracranial chondromas (ICC) comprise 0.2 – 0.3% of intracranial tumours. They are usually located at the skull base and thought to arise from foci of synchondrosis. Extra‐skeletal ICC are less common; only 50 cases have been reported. These tumors have no bone attachment and their histogenesis isn't known. We present the immunohistochemical (IHC) and electron microscopy (EM) characteristics of a falx chondroma in a 15 year old child.The tumor was lobulated, 3.5 × 3.0 × 3.0 cm in diameter, pearly‐white externally and gray, with multiple gelatinous islands and small foci of ossification on the cut surface. The paraffin embedded tissue was used for routine and IHC stains. EM was performed on glutaraldehyde fixed material.Microscopic examination revealed a well differentiated chondroma with foci of ossification and islands of vacuolated cells (VC) encircling thin‐walled capillaries. The majority of VC was represented by PAS, Oil‐red‐O, Vimentin (VIM), CD68, CD31, trypsin‐anti‐chymotrypsin (TACT) and ferritin‐ positive macrophages. A subpopulation of spindle VC displayed reaction for S100, ferritin, TACT and VIM and on EM showed transitional morphological features suggestive of transformation to chondrocytes. There was no evidence of transitional forms to arachnoid cell.In conclusion, our IHC and EM studies suggest origin of extra‐skeletal ICC from a perivascular multipotential mesenchymal cell.

Chondrome de la convexité : revue de la littérature à propos d’un cas

Intracranial chondromas are unusual tumors, which most commonly arise from cartilage rets in the synchondrosis at the base of the skull. They are most likely found in the sellar and parasellar regions, usually located extradurally. In rare instances, these tumors originate from the dura mater of the convexity. In these cases their neuroradiological features may mimic other intracranial tumors. We present the case of a 50-year-old male presenting a large parasagittal tumor originating in the frontal convexity. MRI-scans revealed a cavitated tumor strongly enhanced after gadolinium infusion mimicking a parasagittal meningioma. There was no obstruction of the superior sagittal sinus as shown by cerebral angiogram. Total excision was achieved and the postoperative course was uneventful. No complementary treatment was therefore considered. The histological examination diagnosis was chondroma. Radiological workup performed at four years follow-up did not reveal any recurrence of the lesion. Pathogenic, clinico-radiological and therapeutic issues are discussed and the literature reviewed.

Large chondroma of the dural convexity in a patient with Noonan's syndrome. Case report and review of the literature

Intracranial chondromas are extremely rare intracranial tumours that usually arise from the skull base synchondrosis. Exceptionally, they may grow from cartilage rests within the dura mater of the convexity or the falx. They may be part of Ollier's multiple enchondromatosis or Maffuci's syndrome. We describe the case of a young male diagnosed of Noonan's syndrome that underwent resection of a large intracranial chondroma arising from the dural convexity. To our best knowledge this is the first report of such association. An 18-year-old male presented with a single generalized seizure. The patient was previously diagnosed of Noonan's syndrome on the basis of his special phenotype (Turner-like), low stature, cardiac malformation, retarded sexual and bone development and normal karyotype. He harboured mild psychomotor retardation. Physical and neurological examinations were unremarkable. Brain Magnetic Resonance image showed a large well-circumscribed intracranial mass in the dural convexity of the left frontal-parietal lobes, with heterogeneous contrast enhancement and no peritumoural oedema. The patient was initiated on valproic acid and underwent craniotomy and complete excision of the tumour. The tumour was firm, white-greyish, avascular and could be finely dissected away from the cortex. Postoperative seizures required additional anticonvulsant therapy. He was discharged uneventfully. The pathological study revealed a mature chondroma. Subsequent brain MRI studies have shown no evidence of recurrence after 33 months of follow up. Chondromas comprise less than 0.3% of intracranial tumours. Only twenty-five cases of intracranial dural convexity chondromas are reported in the literature. Several hystopathogenetic theories have been proposed: metaplasia of meningeal fibroblasts and perivascular meningeal tissue, traumatic or inflammatory cartilaginous activation of fibroblasts and growth of aberrant embryonal cartilaginous rests in the dura mater. Chondromas present clinical features similar to meningiomas. CT scan imaging shows a mass of variable density due to different degrees of calcification with minimum to moderate contrast enhancement. MRI studies show a well-circumscribed lesion without surrounding tissue oedema, that exhibit heterogeneous signal with intermediate to low intensity on T1-weighted images and mixed intensity on T2-weighted images with minimum enhancement. Angiogram is clue to differentiate from meningiomas since chondromas are completely avascular. Complete tumour resection including its dural attachment is the treatment of choice. Long-term prognosis is favourable. Radiation therapy is currently not recommended for residual tumours or inoperable patients due to risk of malignization. Noonan's syndrome (also known as pseudo-Turner syndrome) is a complex familial genetic disorder with a phenotype that resembles that of Turner's syndrome but exhibits no chromosomal defect. No predisposition of Noonan's syndrome for tumoural development is reported in the literature. Association of a dural convexity chondroma with Noonan's syndrome is unique as far as the literature is concerned.