Interventions For Addiction Research Articles

Creating a predictive model for early detection, intervention, and prevention of opioid addiction in the United States

Creating a predictive model for early detection, intervention, and prevention of opioid addiction in the United States

The impact of depression and anxiety on mobile phone addiction and the mediating effect of self-esteem

Mobile phone addiction has become a widespread phenomenon in Chinese society, attracting significant social attention. However, there is still limited understanding of complexities and relationships concerning anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among college students. To better understand the relationships among depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and mobile phone addiction, the aim of this study was to explore these relationships, analyze the factors influencing mobile phone addiction, and examine the mediating effects of anxiety and self-esteem on the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction. Data from 2023 were collected, and the SDS depression scale, SAS anxiety scale, mobile phone addiction scale, and Robert self-esteem scale were employed. Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling revealed significant associations between depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and mobile phone addiction. Further analysis indicated that anxiety mediated the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction, meanwhile, self-esteem mediated the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction. Self-esteem also mediated the relationship between anxiety and mobile phone addiction. Additionally, anxiety and self-esteem played sequential mediating roles in mobile phone addiction. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between depression and mobile phone addiction. The discussion provides practical and effective recommendations for the prevention and intervention of mobile phone addiction among college students.

Three days together around the table: using the group analysis method to value the expertise and lived experiences of key voices to innovate solutions

PurposeThis paper presents the use of the Group Analysis Method (GAM), an innovative method developed in a francophone context, to discuss issues related to the services offered in the field of addiction in Quebec’s Indigenous communities and to identify perspectives for innovative solutions.Design/methodology/approachThis article begins with a detailed description of the method’s phases and steps based on the French-language writings of the developers of the GAM. The authors then illustrate a concrete example of how this method has been applied to addiction intervention stakeholders in Indigenous communities in Quebec (Canada), highlighting the type of results possible.FindingsThe strengths and weaknesses of the GAM for addressing sensitive issues in an Indigenous context are discussed. Recommendations for further integration of the Indigenous perspective into the approach are proposed.Originality/valueThis article presents a relevant qualitative method for co-constructing solutions with groups which, to our knowledge, has not been described in the English-language literature. In the light of their experience in an Indigenous context, the authors adopt a critical perspective, demonstrating the relevance of the method and suggesting adaptations to ensure an equitable distribution of power through the process.

An Integrative Review of Interventions for Preventing Internet and Smartphone Addiction in Elementary School Students: Based on the IMB Model

Background: This study analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of various interventions designed to prevent internet and smartphone addiction among elementary school students based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model.Methods: An integrative literature review examined studies published in the last ten years that focus on preventive interventions for internet and smartphone addiction among elementary school students. The selected studies were analyzed using the IMB model, which includes information, motivation, and behavioral skills as key components.Results: The analysis identified several critical components of effective prevention programs: providing relevant information, enhancing interpersonal relationships, emotional management, self-control, and impulse control skills. Effective programs often included group interventions, visual aids, play activities, and parental involvement.Conclusions: The findings suggest that balanced integration of information, motivation, and behavioral skills is essential for developing effective prevention programs for internet and smartphone addiction among elementary school students. The study provides a foundation for future research and the development of comprehensive prevention programs tailored to the unique characteristics of this age group.

Social media addiction and personality dimensions among Tunisian medical students.

Social media (SM) has become a common activity for today's young people. It is sometimes overused and potentially results in SM addiction. This study aims to assess SM addiction and its associated factors in medical students and to examine its relationship with dimensions of personality global self-esteem, and social self-esteem. We carried out a cross-sectional study among a sample of medical students in the region of Sfax in Tunisia. Social Media Addiction Scale-Student Form (SMAS-SF), Big Five Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Social Self-Esteem Inventory were used to collect data. Overall, 116 medical students were included in the survey. The median age of the participants was 26 years, and 91 students (78.4%) were female. Almost half of them (55.20%) were enrolled in the third cycle. The most widely used SM was Facebook (98.3%). Students with the highest SMAS-SF scores had a significantly younger age of first use (p=0.011, r=-0.235), spent more time on their favorite SM (p=0.005, r=0.260), and performed more activities on SM, namely: making comments (p=0.005), browsing SM profiles (p=0.018), and posting videos (p=0.007) or pictures (p=0.002). The need to establish an identity was significantly associated with higher SMAS-SF scores (p=0.011). We also found that neuroticism and a low level of conscientiousness were linked to high SMAS-SF scores (p=0.006, r=0.252 and p=0.050, r=-0.183, respectively). Moreover, high SMAS-SF scores were significantly related to lower global and social self-esteem scores (p=0.015, r=-0.226 and p=0.032, r=-0.199, respectively). Our results highlight the critical need to take into consideration the evaluation and intervention of self-esteem and personality dimensional issues to target interventions for SM addiction among medical students.

Cognitive Dysfunction in the Addictions (CDiA): A Neuron to Neighbourhood Collaborative Research Program on Executive Dysfunction and Functional Outcomes in Outpatients Seeking Treatment for Addiction.

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are pressing global public health problems. Executive functions (EFs) are prominently featured in mechanistic models of addiction. However, there remain significant gaps in our understanding of EFs in SUDs, including the dimensional relationships of EFs to underlying neural circuits, molecular biomarkers, disorder heterogeneity, and functional ability. To improve health outcomes for people with SUDs, interdisciplinary clinical, preclinical and health services research is needed to inform policies and interventions aligned with biopsychosocial models of addiction. Here, we introduce Cognitive Dysfunction in the Addictions (CDiA), an integrative team-science and translational research program, which aims to fill these knowledge gaps and facilitate research discoveries to enhance treatments for people living with SUDs. The CDiA Program comprises seven complementary interdisciplinary projects that aim to progress understanding of EF in SUDs and investigate new biological treatment approaches. The projects draw on a diverse sample of adults aged 18-60 (target N=400) seeking treatment for addiction, who are followed prospectively over one year to identify EF domains crucial to recovery. Projects 1-3 investigate SUD symptoms, brain circuits, and blood biomarkers and their associations with both EF domains (inhibition, working memory, and set-shifting) and functional outcomes (disability, quality of life). Projects 4 and 5 evaluate interventions for addiction and their impacts on EF: a clinical trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and a preclinical study of potential new pharmacological treatments in rodents. Project 6 links EF to healthcare utilization and is supplemented with a qualitative investigation of EF-related barriers to treatment engagement for those with substance use concerns. Project 7 uses innovative whole-person modeling to integrate the multi-modal data generated across projects, applying clustering and deep learning methods to identify patient subtypes and drive future cross-disciplinary initiatives. The CDiA program has promise to bring scientific domains together to uncover the diverse ways in which EFs are linked to SUD severity and functional recovery. These findings, supported by emerging clinical, preclinical, health service, and whole-person modeling investigations, will facilitate future discoveries about cognitive dysfunction in addiction and could enhance the future clinical care of individuals seeking treatment for SUDs.

Dopamine reuptake and inhibitory mechanisms in human dopamine transporter.

The dopamine transporter has a crucial role in regulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission by uptake of dopamine into neurons and contributes to the abuse potential of psychomotor stimulants1-3. Despite decades of study, the structure, substrate binding, conformational transitions and drug-binding poses of human dopamine transporter remain unknown. Here we report structures of the human dopamine transporter in its apo state, and in complex with the substrate dopamine, the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder drug methylphenidate, and the dopamine-uptake inhibitors GBR12909 and benztropine. The dopamine-bound structure in the occluded state precisely illustrates the binding position of dopamine and associated ions. The structures bound to drugs are captured in outward-facing or inward-facing states, illuminating distinct binding modes and conformational transitions during substrate transport. Unlike the outward-facing state, which is stabilized by cocaine, GBR12909 and benztropine stabilize the dopamine transporter in the inward-facing state, revealing previously unseen drug-binding poses and providing insights into how they counteract the effects of cocaine. This study establishes a framework for understanding the functioning of the human dopamine transporter and developing therapeutic interventions for dopamine transporter-related disorders and cocaine addiction.

Harnessing the power of nature exposure to mitigate adolescents' Internet addiction: A chain mediation model.

Previous studies have focused more on the facilitating effect of nature exposure on positive behavioural consequences. However, less attention has been paid to whether nature exposure can inhibit internalized problem behaviours, such as Internet addiction. Within the framework of the stimuli-organism-response theory, the present study examined the relationship between nature exposure and Internet addiction and investigated the mediating roles of anthropomorphism of nature and awe. In China, we recruited 1469 adolescents (mean age = 13.90 years old, SD = 0.59, 53.2% girls). Mediation analyses indicated that awe partially mediated the relationship between nature exposure and adolescents' Internet addiction. The anthropomorphism of nature and awe served as sequential mediating roles in the relationship between nature exposure and adolescents' Internet addiction. This study provides a nature-based perspective on the prevention and intervention of adolescents' Internet addiction.

Biased choice and incentive salience: Implications for addiction.

Before we can make any choice, we must gather information from the environment about what our options are. This information-gathering process is critically mediated by attention, and our attention is, in turn, shaped by our previous experiences with-and learning about-stimuli and their consequences. In this review, we highlight studies demonstrating a rapid and automatic influence of reward learning on attentional capture and argue that these findings provide a human analog of sign-tracking behavior observed in nonhuman animals-wherein signals of reward gain incentive salience and become attractive targets for attention (and overt behavior) in their own right. We then consider the implications of this idea for understanding the drivers of cue-controlled behavior, with focus on addiction as a case in which choices with regard to reward-related stimuli can become injurious to health. We argue that motivated behavior in general-and addiction in particular-can be understood within a "biased competition" framework: Different options and outcomes compete for attentional priority as a function of top-down goals, bottom-up salience, and prior experience, and the winner of this competition becomes the target for subsequent outcome-directed and flexible behavior. Finally, we outline the implications of the biased-competition framework for cognitive, behavioral, and socioeconomic interventions for addiction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement: Implementing an evidence-based intervention for chronic pain, opioid use, and opioid addiction in clinical settings.

The opioid crisis emerged in part due to the overprescribing of opioid analgesics for chronic pain. Although not the only source of the current epidemic of opioid use disorder (OUD), the prescription of opioids for chronic pain remains one vector for the development of opioid misuse and OUD. However, opioid tapering is not appropriate for all patients, and some patients may need to remain on opioid therapy for the long term. To reduce the risk of opioid-related harm among people with chronic pain and to treat incipient or entrenched addictive behaviours, new interventions are needed. This review discusses the clinical outcomes, biobehavioural mechanisms and implementation considerations for a novel, evidence-based intervention for chronic pain, opioid use and OUD called Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE). MORE unites complementary aspects of mindfulness training, cognitive behavioural therapy and principles from positive psychology to simultaneously address addictive behaviour, emotion dysregulation and chronic pain by targeting brain reward and stress systems. MORE has been tested in 13 completed randomized clinical trials, including over 1300 patients, and has demonstrated efficacy against a range of active control conditions for reducing opioid dosing, opioid misuse, illicit drug use, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms and chronic pain. Opportunities for implementing MORE include facilitating opioid tapering and promoting safe opioid use in primary care and specialty pain clinics, decreasing opioid misuse and enhancing medication-assisted treatment for OUD. Given evidence of MORE's efficacy, it is now time to consider disseminating this evidence-based treatment in the United States, the United Kingdom and worldwide.

Adolescents' Participation in Drug Addiction Interventions, Individual Perceptions, and Attitudes towards Recovery: A Scoping Review

Introduction: Adolescents recovering from substance use problems face significant psycho-social challenges. These challenges can affect their recovery progress, overall well-being, and integration into the society. Due to paucity studies, this study aimed to identify the perceptions and attitude towards recovery among adolescents participating in drug addiction interventions. Methods: This systematic review study applied a complete search of relevant databases, including Scopus, Embase, Cinahl, and PubMed/Medline using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was limited to articles published in English language, between 2013 and 2023, and focused on adolescents drug addiction. Twelve articles were critically appraised using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) for qualitative studies and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. The results were synthesised using a thematic analysis. Results: The findings identify that adolescents in addiction recovery face several challenges, including stigmatisation, social isolation, self-doubt, and difficulties accessing and maintaining treatment. The findings also point out that supportive relationships, culturally sensitive treatment approaches and interventions to combat self-stigma can play a critical role in promoting resilience and recovery for adolescents in recovery. Conclusion: The comprehensive review brings us up to speed on the challenging experiences young people recovering from addiction in different addiction intervention go through, it underscores the importance of supportive relationships and encourages strengthening of interventions that mitigate against stigmatization.

Применение кибергигиены в качестве эффективной психологической меры профилактики киберзависимостей

<p style="text-align: justify;">Problematic internet use and addiction have grown globally with increased digital access and device usage. Individuals are spending more time online, frequently developing non-adaptive habits and addiction symptoms. This article investigates cyber hygiene’s potential as an effective preventive approach against internet addiction through a cyberpsychology perspective. Cyber hygiene encompasses practices fostering responsible technology use to mitigate risks including internet addiction. A literature review reveals key internet addiction impacts, like mental health issues, social problems, and risky cyberbehaviors. Theoretical analysis evaluates interventions for internet addiction, determining cyber hygiene education has strong potential based on technology addiction models. Results suggest cyber hygiene reduces addiction symptoms by moderating online time, promoting healthy digital habits, and improving self-awareness of technology use. Examined hygiene strategies include monitoring usage, parental controls, and principles like avoiding digital distraction and setting screen time limits. While challenges remain, comprehensive cyber hygiene education combined with multilevel interventions can aid internet addiction prevention and mitigate consequences. The article concludes wide implementation of cyber hygiene education is needed, although additional research on long-term effectiveness is necessary.</p>

중독개입에서 마음챙김 명상 효과에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰

This study applied a systematic literature review method to examine studies of mindfulness meditative approaches or interventions for addiction, and to derive implications for the use of meditation for addiction intervention. To this end, until April 2024, a total of six papers were selected and analyzed, including the research foundation registration(candidate) paper among domestic studies, two thesis among the materials published through domestic thesis. The analysis framework was divided into the general characteristics of the study, the structure of the intervention method, and the effect of intervention by type of addiction, and the contents of the selected data were searched by a systematic literature review method. Through this, it was intended to provide data on evidence-based intervention for the development and implementation of addiction intervention programs through mindfulness meditation.

Effect of an Intervention Based on the Health Action Process Approach Model on Mobile Phone Addiction in Adolescents

Background: Mobile phone addiction in adolescents is a serious social problem that not only negatively affects physical and mental health but also hinders social stability and development. However, studies on interventions for mobile phone addiction in adolescents are still few. Therefore, exploring interventions for mobile phone addiction in adolescents and scrutinizing the corresponding mechanism of action are crucial. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 800 adolescents who were recruited using random sampling from communities in Hubei Province, China in 2023, and 232 of them were identified to have mobile phone addiction. Then, they were randomly divided into the experiment group, comprising 119 members, and the control group, composed of 113 members. The experiment group was given a 3-month intervention under the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model, whereas the control group was given no intervention. Results: This intervention significantly reduced the level of mobile phone addiction in adolescents (P<0.05). It also significantly improved self-efficacy in adolescents with mobile phone addiction (P<0.05). The intervention can significantly improved life satisfaction in adolescents with mobile phone addiction (P<0.05). Self-efficacy and life satisfaction had a chain mediating effect (P<0.001). Conclusion: The HAPA model is conducive to alleviating mobile phone addiction. It further enhances the intervention effect by improving self-efficacy and life satisfaction in adolescents.

Progress of Research on Psychological Intervention for Smartphone Addiction in Adolescents

With the rapid development of the Internet informationization era, the widespread popularity of smartphones, while providing many conveniences for adolescents, has also given rise to a new global mental health problem-smartphone addiction. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature related to smartphone addiction among adolescents, mainly from the concept of smartphone addiction among adolescents, influencing factors and psychological interventions, in order to provide reference for psychological interventions for smartphone addiction among adolescents and reduce the incidence of smartphone addiction in this group.

Work addiction and social functioning: A systematic review and five meta-analyses.

As theoretical models suggest, work addiction has several adverse correlates and consequences, such as unfavorable personality traits, physical and psychological symptoms, and social conflicts. Both early and recent concepts emphasize that individuals with work addiction have more problematic social life due to obsessive overwork. This includes negative impacts on family, workplace, and other relationships. The present study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze all the empirical studies that examined the association between work addiction and any dimension of social life, as such an analysis has never been conducted before. Studies published from 1995 to 2022 were identified through a systematic search. 102 eligible studies were included in the review, with 75 studies contributing to five different meta-analyses. The results indicated significant associations between work addiction and: (1) lower work-life balance, (2) reduced social functioning, and increased difficulties in (3) family relationships, (4) intimate relationships, and (5) relationships with the community, friends, and colleagues. The associations were found to be independent of gender and age. The meta-analytic study highlights research gaps in the field and suggests future directions, including exploring attachment styles and early social relationships in work addiction, investigating the association between social and emotional competencies and work addiction, examining the role of escape motivation, and exploring the characteristics of the partners (spouses) of workaholics. Since the quality of social relationships and social support are crucial factors in physical and mental health, the prevention and intervention of work addiction should be prioritized in organizational and clinical settings.

An Exploration of Internet Addiction and Physical Activity Intervention Strategies for Adolescents

This paper summarizes the application of physical exercise in intervening adolescent Internet addiction and its theoretical basis. First, it analyzes the individual psychological characteristics of adolescent Internet addiction, social environmental factors, and the influence of family and educational background. Subsequently, the psychological perspectives of physical exercise, behavioral change theory, and the psychological mechanisms of Internet addiction were explored. On this basis, strategies and methods of physical activity interventions are discussed in detail, including the development of exercise prescription, the selection of exercise type and intensity, and the importance of individualized and long-term interventions. This paper aims to provide theoretical guidance and practical suggestions for researchers and practitioners in related fields, in order to promote the healthy growth of adolescents and the effective intervention of Internet addiction.

The Boundary Conditions Under Which Parental Marital Quality Leads to Adolescents’ Social Media Addiction

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 908 middle school students to explore the boundary conditions under which parental marital quality influences adolescents’ social media addiction. The results showed that (1) parental marital quality negatively predicted adolescents’ social media addiction; (2) interpersonal sensitivity moderated the relationship between adolescents’ parental marital quality and social media addiction; and (3) peer relationships moderated the relationship between adolescents’ parental marital quality and social media addiction. These findings help to deepen the understanding of the boundary conditions under which parental marital quality leads to adolescents’ social media addiction and have implications for intervention in Internet addiction.

With the rapid development and popularization of Internet technology, Internet addiction has become an important issue affecting the healthy growth of higher vocational college students. As a new means of psychological intervention, positive psychology provides a new perspective and method. This paper discusses the application and potential value of positive psychology in the intervention of Internet addiction among higher vocational

With the rapid development and popularization of Internet technology, Internet addiction has become an important issue affecting the healthy growth of higher vocational college students. As a new means of psychological intervention, positive psychology provides a new perspective and method. This paper discusses the application and potential value of positive psychology in the intervention of Internet addiction among higher vocational college students. By analyzing the phenomenon of Internet addiction, this paper proposes a series of intervention strategies based on positive psychology, including cultivating psychological resilience and coping strategies, daily exercises to cultivate positive emotions, advantage-oriented personal development plans, and establishing positive relationship networks. These strategies aim to reduce Internet dependence and promote students’ mental health and personal growth by improving students’ self-efficacy, social belonging and life satisfaction.

The effectiveness of the TRACE online nutrition intervention in improving dietary intake, sleep quality and physical activity levels for Australian adults with food addiction: a randomised controlled trial.

Few interventions for food addiction (FA) report on dietary intake variables. The present study comprised a three-arm randomised controlled trial in adults with symptoms of FA. The aim was to evaluate dietary intake, sleep and physical activity resulting from a dietitian-led telehealth intervention at 3 months. Adults with ≥3 symptoms of FA and a body mass index > 18.5 kg/m2 were recruited. Dietary intake including energy, nutrients and diet quality were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire in addition to sleep quality and physical activity (total min) and compared between groups and over time. Personalised dietary goals set by participants were examined to determine whether improvements in percent energy from core and non-core foods were reported. The active intervention group was superior compared to the passive intervention and control groups for improvements in percent energy from core (6.4%/day [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.0 to 12.9], p = 0.049), non-core foods (-6.4%/day [95% CI -12.9 to 0.0], p = 0.049), sweetened drinks (-1.7%/day [95% CI -2.9 to -0.4], p = 0.013), takeaway foods (-2.3%/day [95% CI -4.5 to -0.1], p = 0.045) and sodium (-478 mg/day [95% CI -765 to -191 mg], p = 0.001). A dietitian-led telehealth intervention for Australian adults with FA found significant improvements in dietary intake variables. Setting personalised goals around nutrition and eating behaviours was beneficial for lifestyle change.