Intertextual Reading Research Articles

THE MEANING OF INTERTEXTUALITY OF “THE MASTER AND MARGARITA”

The article deals with the meaning of intertextual reading of "The Master and Margarita". The text of the novel is considered as a model of counterculture, from the standpoint of which the author chooses those literary codes from which his own model of literary behavior is built. These dominant codes are manifested in the course of decoding as a result of correlation of intertextual borrowings. This takes into account not only external borrowings, but also the relationship within the novel and the relationship of the novel with other Bulgakov’s texts. Special attention is paid to such signs of borrowing as a suit and money. As the keys to the novel, "The Inspector General", "The Covetous Knight" and "The Count of Monte Cristo" are updated, and the novel itself represents the act of retaliation of the author and the implementation of his inner freedom. Besides, the novel affirms the priority of genuine art over reality.

The Judge, the Future Type of Mind, and Negative Entropy in Cormac McCarthy’s Blood Meridian

ABSTRACTThis article presents an intertextual reading of a key passage relating to the judge’s origin in Cormac McCarthy’s Blood Meridian in reference to H. G. Wells’s famous speech “The Discovery of the Future” (1902). It then connects the novel’s characterization and thematic issues with Wells’s insights. The judge, in particular, resonates with Wells’s portrayal of the “future type of mind” that guides present behaviors in relation to the future; other characters, in contrast, remain haunted by the past and are thus distinguished from the judge. Diverging from Wells’s Utopian outlook, Judge Holden mythologizes his scientific knowledge for the destruction of existing orders and creation of his own order, and demonstrates McCarthy’s concern with ethical concomitants of the “future type of mind.” The article concludes by explaining the judge’s ahistorical transcendence on the basis of the scientific concept “negative entropy,” upon which he maintains his order and immortality, bought at the price of leaving chaos behind.

중국인 고급 학습자의 상호텍스트적 읽기 양상 연구 - 고려가요 <동동>을 중심으로 -

중국인 고급 학습자의 상호텍스트적 읽기 양상 연구 - 고려가요 <동동>을 중심으로 -

Imagination and Knowledge in the Metaphorology of Paul Ricœur

AbstractThis article seeks to examine Ricœur's reflection on metaphor through an intertextual reading. This reading relates The Rule of Metaphor (1975) with lines of thought developed in a series of lectures held at the Centre de recherches phénoménologiques in Paris, from 1973–1974, on the theme From Language to Image, and an essay which appeared in 1978, “The Metaphorical Process as Cognition, Imagination and Feeling”. This work starts with an analysis of Ricœur's interpretation of the Aristotelian theory of metaphor, a theory which the French philosopher principally develops in The Rule of Metaphor. In the other two papers, Ricœur develops his metaphorology through a dialogue with Kant and he reformulates in linguistic terms the doctrine of productive imagination and transcendental schematism, which become the ontological sphere on which metaphorical and narrative activity are founded. Through the long journey of language, Ricœur's hermeneutics builds a bridge between Aristotle and Kant. This article examines this link to understand and explain further, also at the epistemological level, the relationship between metaphor and narrative.

Echoes of Rachel’s Weeping: Intertextuality and Trauma in Jer. 31:15

Abstract The image of Rachel’s inconsolable weeping for her lost children in Jer. 31:15 presents a specific kind of response to a cultural trauma. As this paper argues, understanding this response is enriched both by analyzing the extra-textual literary strategy of the passage itself and by engaging in an intertextual reading of the ancient text with a contemporary artistic response to trauma. By means of an allusion to Genesis 37, Jer. 31:15 makes a case both for the continued existence of the people of Israel and for the legitimacy of experiencing the exile as a metaphorical death. What Jer. 31:15 accomplishes textually for a sixth century BCE Judean audience, the Witness Blanket accomplishes in a visual medium for threatened Canadian native cultures. Both texts stage a protest against the threat to the continued existence of culture by asserting the persistent potency of its cultural symbols.

Chronicles and intertextuality in early rabbinic literature

The call to read Chronicles ‘midrashically’ in Leviticus Rabbah 1.3 and Ruth Rabbah 2.1 challenges the contemporary understanding of intertextuality in the early Rabbis’ interpretation of Scripture. David Stern, James Kugel, and others claim that the sages considered each word of the Bible to be equal, regardless of who wrote it or when. The Rabbis’ insistence, however, that Chronicles receive special treatment contradicts this assertion. This article argues that Chronicles’ late date of composition had a dual effect. On the one hand, Chronicles’ lateness reduced its authority and led the Rabbis to give greater weight to the words of the Primary History in their intertextual readings. On the other hand, Chronicles’ retelling of the past provided a biblical warrant for the Rabbis’ own reshaping of tradition.

Altogether Lovely: A Thematic and Intertextual Reading of the Song of Songs. By Havilah Dharamraj. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2018. 299 pages. $39.00 (paper).

Altogether Lovely: A Thematic and Intertextual Reading of the Song of Songs. By Havilah Dharamraj. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2018. 299 pages. $39.00 (paper).

Flesh from Heaven: The Text of John 6.52 and its Intertext

Most modern commentaries and translations of the Gospel of John take John 6.52 to read: ‘How can this man give us his flesh to eat?’ There is, however, an important variant reading here that lacks the αὐτοῦ (thus: ‘How can this man give us flesh to eat?’), which has received very little attention. This article contends that the shorter reading creates yet another example of Johannine dramatic irony, as the contempt of οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι for Jesus’ teaching echoes the unbelief of the wilderness generation who were ‘given flesh to eat’ along with the manna. The article tentatively concludes that this intertextual reading advances the ‘internal probability’ of the shorter text.

겹쳐 읽기를 활용한 대학 독서교육 사례 연구

겹쳐 읽기를 활용한 대학 독서교육 사례 연구

An Intertextual Reading Intervention Program to Improve Reading Motivation of College Students

Objectives: Reading motivation remains a gap in literacy instruction, even at the tertiary level. This study is conducted to investigate if the Intertextual Reading Intervention (IRI) program could improve the reading motivation of first-year tertiary education students at Leyte Normal University. Methods: Fifty respondents were subjected to a one-semester intervention program which was conducted at the computer laboratory of the university. Reading survey was administered as pretest and posttest. Importantly, five intertextual modules were developed and used during the intervention. Findings: This study revealed that students’ reading motivation improved significantly as shown in the overall reading survey result: Posttest result (M = 81.6, SD = 6.5); pretest (M = 76.8, SD = 6.9), t (37) = 4.97, p = <.001. This indicates that the utilization of intertextual materials particularly media texts or Internet resources and technology (e.g. computer laboratory) could improve students’motivation to read. Applications/Improvements: Tertiary education demands reading various academic texts, both printed and digital media and most of these texts are long and not student-friendly, which means, concepts are complicated and heavy. Hence, educators could use intertextual materials which are relative to their students’ schemata, interest and have life-long implications to motivate their students to read. Further, the discouraging feeling of handling students who have very low motivation to read level could be lessened with the use of possible instructional reforms (e.g. intertextual strategies). Keywords: Intertextuality, Intervention Program, One-group Pretest-posttest Design, Reading Motivation

An Intertextual Reading Intervention Program to Improve Reading Motivation of College Students

An Intertextual Reading Intervention Program to Improve Reading Motivation of College Students

Verticality and Vertigo: Spatial Effects in Tayeb Salih’sSeason of Migration to the North

AbstractThis essay examines spatial effects in Tayeb Salih’s novel Season of Migration to the North, drawing on the work of eleventh-century theorist Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani and two twentieth-century theorists, Joseph Frank and Julia Kristeva. Attending to formal patterns that create a sense of synchronicity, repetition, or rupture, the essay shows how such effects serve to disrupt the representation of linear time, introduce intertextuality by quotation or allusion, and situate the novel’s setting, a small Sudanese village, in a global network of power. This reading uncovers shared ground between al-Jurjani’s theory of nazm, or construction, Frank’s concept of spatial form, and Kristeva’s “spatialization” of the word in the practice of intertextual reading and demonstrates the centrality of spatial concerns to the novel’s critical commentary on the experience of modernity.

MELACAK SUMBER-SUMBER PENGGUNAAN AYAT-AYAT PENGOBATAN DALAM KITAB SHAMS AL-MA’ĀRIF AL-KUBRĀ

This article reveals the sirri knowledge of the work of a scholar 'namely Shaykh al-Būnī entitled Shams al-Ma'ārif al-Kubrā. In this research, the writer uses intertextual theory, which assumes that a text cannot stand alone except with other texts. Al-Būnī himself is known as a Sufi who has a scientific nature from various scholars' to the Prophet. The data of this research show that this book discusses some secret scientific matters, including the secret verses of the Qur’an which can be used as a health treatment for any disease. From the expressions in his book, there is a continuity with several hadiths, the opinions of scholars and other books that become his references. He also have listed several other media besides al-Qur'an which have certain properties which are described by the Al-Qur'an such as the benefits of Misk oil supported by surah al-Fatihah which can be used as medicine. Ibn Qoyyim also explained that the oil itself could be used to facilitate breathing. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the verses of the Qur’an as medication that are listed by al-Būnī in his book are supported by several other books as well as the support of the Qur’an which mentions nutritious ingredients which are also mentioned by al-Būnī in its medication medium. Meanwhile, the verses of the Qur’an listed by al-Būnī for health treatment include surah al-Fātiḥah, al-Ḥashr, al-Burūz, Asmā 'al-A'zām, al-Kahfi, Maryam, and Asmā'ul Ḥusnā.&#x0D; Keywords: Shams al-Ma'a’rif al-Kubra, medication verses, intertextual reading, hadith

Making the Chain Longer and Stronger: An Intertextual Reading of Ignatius Mabasa’s Mapenzi

Literary texts are at times anchored in others that have come before them. This article thus notes that the relationship that exists between written works as well as oral works has been an abiding phenomenon since the emergence of the written word, whether it is Sumerian, Greek or Roman. This practice, also called intertextuality, is prevalent today in African literature. Informed by this tradition of intertextuality, the authors analyse Ignatius Mabasa’s novel, Mapenzi, and argue that the use of direct and indirect references to other creative works by the writer goes a long way in enhancing the text’s thematic and stylistic development. The article further observes that the intertextual references found in Mabasa’s novel evidence that he is a well-read artist who sees intersections between what he writes and what others before him have also written about. The article concludes by delineating the differences between plagiarism and creativity, in that an intertextual reading of Mapenzi reveals that as a creative work, besides connections to prior works, the novel has a life of its own, and has in fact carved a space for itself within Zimbabwean Shona literature. The article sums up such intertextual play as hochekoche (“interlinkages”), the creation of catenae between literary texts.

Christ as the Goal of the Law (Rom 10,4). Christ as the Converging Point in the History of Salvation.

The article attempts to present Paul’s argument in the Letter to the Romans that Christ is the goal of the Law and the culmination of all Israel’s expectations, as suggested by the propositio Rom 10,4. The article highlights Paul’s thought that Judaism and Christianity are not at odds but are part of God’s plan that leads to Christ from the Law. The author uses the approaches of rhetorical analysis and intertextual reading. An analysis of structure, vocabulary and subject matter shows how all Paul’s thought supports the idea of the continuity of the salvation history of Christ. Not less crucial is the intertextual approach, which shows how Paul bases his thought on the Old Testament parallels tied to the theme of the covenant that characterizes deuteronomistic and prophetic thought. The article points to an additional historical literary parallel to Luke, who presents Christ in the Apostolic Works as the fulfilment of Messianic expectations. The article shows how Paul invites his contemporaries and today’s readers to discover in Christ the key to the history of salvation.

A Medieval Hebrew French Kiss: Courtly Ideals and the Love Story of Sahar and Kima by Ya'akov ben El'azar

This essay provides an intertextual reading of "The Love of Sahar and Kima," the ninth mahberet (narrative) of Ya'akov ben El'azar's Sefer ha-meshalim. This tale highlights the contrast between physical and spiritual love, feudal and religious constraints, and "courtly" ideas and a parody of those ideas. It expands upon the current knowledge of the thematic, structural, and ideological parallels between ben El'azar's work and the literature of medieval France, and presents a number of prominent and specific examples that indicate the influence of the Matière de Bretagne on this mahberet. Simultaneously, the essay identifies ben El'azar as an original European writer who made use of existing literary models, but who was independent in his muse and inspiration. It shows that there are vestiges of the fairy tale in Sefer ha-meshalim, and that this mahberet can be read as a rationalized fairy tale like those in French literature.

Reading Psalm 112 as a "Midrash" on Psalm 111

Psalms 111 and 112 are “twin” poems displaying similar characteristics such as the superscript הללו יה , an acrostic form, and shared vocabulary. Surprisingly, the shared characteristics are noted, but the poems often interpreted in isolation. Ps 111 is classified as a hymn or a song of thanksgiving and Ps 112 as a wisdom poem. The prominent presence of so-called “wisdom terminology” in Ps 112 plays a major role in its classification, while the presence of similar terminology in Ps 111 is ignored. The present study engages in an intertextual reading of the two poems. They are read as an intentional, artistic literary composition. Following Michael Fishbane’s notion of inner-biblical exegesis, I argue that Ps 112 is an intentional “midrash” on Ps 111, and that the pair should be read as a composition in the context of the late Torah-wisdom redaction of the Psalter in general and Book V of the Psalter in particular. https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2019/v32n2a19

Reflections of &lt;i&gt;Inferno&lt;/i&gt; in Gloria Naylor’s &lt;i&gt;Linden Hills&lt;/i&gt;:An Intertextual Reading

This paper attempts to define the eclectic and structural nature of Gloria Naylor’s Linden Hills by examining how the novel’s intertextual reading spurs on to accomplish its final textual integrity. And also, it addresses the African American desire for recreating a black version of the American dream and the resultant destructive effects and the fragmentation of their psyche which forms the crux of the novel. Naylor evolves Linden Hills based on Part I of Dante’s epic poem The Divine Comedy (1321) titled The Inferno. Like Dante and Virgil in The Inferno, the dual protagonists of this novel Willie Mason and Lester Tilson, the young poets, are left to ponder over the journey to gain insight into human failings or undergo a significant revelation. The implementation of intertextuality spotlights the similarity between the existing text and the more established classical texts taken for analysis. The model text helps to unravel the aesthetic, philosophical and thematic quality of the text and also engenders their related successful associations.

The Problem with Biblical Motifs in Knut Hamsun’s Growth of the Soil

Religion does not play a major role in Norwegian Nobel laureate Knut Hamsun’s work. The one brilliant exception to this detached and seemingly cavalier attitude toward religion or, should I say, Christianity, is Hamsun’s masterpiece, Growth of the Soil (1917), which won him the Nobel Prize in literature in 1920. In this mythic novel, Hamsun draws upon a plethora of biblical motifs to create a heroic cosmogony that proposes an alternative to the rapid social and economic transformation under way in Norway in the second half of the nineteenth century and a vision of Norway founded on the cultivation of the land through hard labor and the populating of the earth.Numerous critics have remarked on the Biblical allusions in the novel (e.g., Per Thomas Andersen, Nettum, Rottem, Storfjell, Øyslebo); however, only Rolf Steffensen and Andreas Lødemel have studied the role of religion in Growth of the Soil in any depth. I will expand upon their work to examine whether Biblical allusions are part of a rhetorical strategy that aims at a coherent worldview. Biblical motifs cleverly interspersed throughout the novel suggest that it is always gesturing toward a world outside its pages through a dialog with pre-existing texts, in this case the Bible, absorbing and transforming voices from culture and society, historical memory and national identity. I will reexamine not only the place of Christianity in this important novel but also the foundational myth that undergirds it, that is, the idea that Isak is the founder not so much of a new civilization as a biblical exemplum of a traditional way of life and old values based on the cultivation of the land.That said, upon closer examination, Growth of the Soil does not amount to a faithful adaptation of the Old Testament; the novel is fraught with contradictions and the narrator also subverts its biblical framework by promoting an ambiguous reading of key scenes and motifs. Isak is not a bona fide practicing Christian and the novel should not be seen as an apology for Christianity in any way, shape, or form. Hamsun’s Isak is no biblical patriarch, even though he, too, at first appears to be divinely chosen to bring about a new beginning for humankind; instead, Isak turns out to be just another human being—albeit an exceptional one—who works hard to make his life dream come true. Moreover, it “er tvilsomt om MG var tenkt som en ‘agrarisk opbyggelsesbog’” (Rottem, Hamun og fantasiens triumf 167); however, an intertextual reading does enrich the novel’s narrative as well as moral authority by drawing on Biblical persona and antecedents.Finally, I feel compelled to address a postcolonial perspective if for no other reason than that an insistence on a Biblical reading of the novel largely ignores the import of the Samí, who ultimately pay the price of Isak’s colonization of the land, which prefigures the conquest of Northern Norway by homesteaders like him as well as the advance of what is euphemistically called “civilization.”

Małżeństwa mieszane i jak sobie w nich radzić według „tablicy małżeńskiej” 1P 3,1-7. Za czy przeciw tradycji Pawłowej?

When looked at from the modern reader’s perspective, the “MarriageTable”, which is one of the elements of the so-called Haustafeln (household codes), is a quite difficult passage. This is more so since there are a few ofthem in the New Testament (Eph 5,22-6,9; Col 3,18-4,1; Tit 2,1-10 and 1 Pet2,13-3,7). The main difficulty that one encounters while reading them is thatthey stress a lower status of women, expressed in the idea of “subjection”.The “Marriage Table” in 1 Pet 3,1-7, which is examined in the article, addstwo aspects to the aforementioned interpretational problem: the religiousdiversity of spouses (mixed marriages) and, following it, violence. Numerouspreachers accept a literal interpretation of the text, arguing that a woman ina marriage with an aggressive husband should endure the violence. A contextualand intertextual reading, however, leads us to discover that the heroicact of sacrifice for the sake of the husband’s conversion is not obligatory,but should be treated as an act of free will. Therefore a woman’s voluntarysubmission as well as her being a victim of aggression for a greater goodcan subscribe to an idea of agape which Paul mentions in the “MarriageTable” of Eph 5,21-33.