Interruption Of Process Research Articles

Polycystin 1 ciliary localization is regulated by its aGPCR activity

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) develops due to loss of function mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, which encode PC1 and PC2, respectively. PC1 is a 460kD multi‐spanning membrane protein that undergoes multiple proteolytic cleavages, at least two of which release C‐terminal fragments. Polycystin 1 and Polycystin 2 both prominently localize to the primary cilium where they contribute to cellular mechano‐sensation and also form a cation‐permeable heterotetrameric channel that may contribute to Ca2+ flux into the cilia. Recent studies demonstrate that PC1 can function as an atypical adhesion GPCR that is activated by Wnt ligands. Wnt ligand binding leads to dissociation of the PC1 extracellular N terminal fragment and allows the PC1 receptor function to be activated by a tethered agonist peptide that resides at the N terminus of the PC1 transmembrane domains.Here we report that Polycystin 1 cilia and cell surface localization is regulated by its activity status. We demonstrate that a constitutively active form of the Polycystin 1 protein is absent from the primary cilia whereas a constitutively inactive version of the PC1 protein that lacks its tethered agonist peptide resides in the primary cilia. Moreover, we show that interruption of the cellular receptor desensitization process by β‐arrestin inhibition permits the constitutively active PC1 construct to accumulate in the cilium. We also studied the surface localization of the full length PC1 and found that extended Wnt9b ligand treatment or mechanical stimulation both lead to reduced quantity of the full length PC1 at the cell surface and in the primary cilium, a process that can be disrupted by inhibition of β‐arrestin. In vivo, we find that reduction of the luminal flow in renal tubules by ureter obstruction leads to accumulation of the PC1 in the primary cilia of the tubule cells.Taken together, our data suggest that PC1 surface trafficking is regulated by receptor‐activating stimuli including ligand binding and mechanical stress and, similar to the regulation of aGPCR receptors, is subject to an activity‐dependent receptor desensitization process. Our findings indicate that the aGPCR receptor‐like properties of Polycystin 1 offer new insights into this protein’s physiological function and the regulation of its trafficking. Understanding these processes may suggest targets for the development of new therapeutic interventions for ADPKD.

Dual-ratiometric fluorescence probe for viscosity and hypochlorite based on AIEgen with mitochondria-targeting ability.

Viscous microenvironments are ubiquitous in living organisms. An oxidative stress attack could cause the fluctuation of lymph or blood viscosity, which is closely related to many common diseases. However, the dual-function detection of reactive oxygen species and viscosity is still ineffective due to design defects. Herein, by rational linking a propeller-shaped triphenylamine rotator and a rigid planar anthracene, we report the first dual-ratiometric-response probe for ClO- and viscosity detection. The probe itself shows weak fluorescence background in low-viscous solution or at non-aggregate state, which can largely switch on its blue (414nm) and yellow fluorescence (600nm) respectively in response to ClO- and viscosity. Their sensing mechanisms were elucidated through the interruption of FRET and TICT processes for ClO- and viscosity detection, respectively. In addition to its mitochondria targeting ability, TPP-AN was employed for mitochondrial viscosity and ClO- imaging in HeLa cells, providing a potentially useful probe for clinical assays.

Effect of Combined Dexmedetomidine and Sevoflurane Sedation on Sleep Homeostasis in Sprague Dawley Rat

BackgroundThe effect of continuous long‐term administration of sedative‐hypnotics ‐ as occurs in the intensive and perioperative care ‐ on sleep homeostasis is not completely understood. Ongoing studies in our laboratory have shown that sedation produced by continuous infusion (8 h) of dexmedetomidine (DEX, 0.5‐1.0 μg/kg/min) increased wake state (WAKE), decreased slow‐wave sleep (SWS) and reduced rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in the post‐sedation period, while sedation with continuous (8 h) sevoflurane (SEVO, 2.5‐3.0%) administration did not affect WAKE or SWS but increased post‐sedation REMS [1]. In the current study, to investigate the possibility of a synergistic effect of DEX and SEVO on sleep homeostasis, we maintained the rats on sedation (8 h) produced by simultaneous administration of DEX and SEVO and quantified the effect on post‐sedation sleep‐wake states (48 h).MethodsAdult male and female Sprague Dawley rats (n=4) were surgically prepared for sleep‐wake recordings and a catheter was chronically positioned in the jugular vein for DEX or lactated Ringer’s (control) infusion. Each rat received 8 h of continuous (10:00 am – 6:00 pm) combined administration of SEVO (0.5‐1.0%) and intravenous DEX (0.1 ug/kg/min), and lactated Ringer’s on a different day with inter‐experiment interval of at least 5‐7 days. The SEVO and DEX concentrations were titrated to maintain loss of righting reflex, which is a surrogate for loss of consciousness in rodents. Post‐sedation sleep‐wake data were recorded for 48 h and manually scored in 4 s epochs into WAKE, SWS, and REMS.ResultsThe total time (in minutes) spent in WAKE during the first 12 h post‐sedation period was comparable to that observed after lactated Ringer’s infusion (mean ± standard deviation: 87.78 ± 13.58 after lactated Ringer’s vs 98.59 ± 11.71 after sedation). Similar trend was observed for SWS (mean ± standard deviation: 65.95 ± 10.37 after lactated Ringer’s vs 75.08 ± 12.60 after sedation) while REMS was reduced by 78.68% during the first 12 h post‐sedation period as compared to that observed after lactated Ringer’s infusion (mean ± standard deviation: 25.36 ± 6.715 after lactated Ringer’s vs 5.41 ± 3.30 after sedation). The time spent in WAKE, SWS, and REMS during the remaining 36 h of post‐sedation period was comparable to that after lactated Ringer’s infusion. Compared to the individual administration of DEX and SEVO, as reported previously from our lab [1], combined administration of SEVO and DEX in the current study required 5‐10 times less dose to maintain the loss of righting reflex.ConclusionThe effect of combined sedation with SEVO and DEX are distinct from the effects after individual administration of these sedatives, suggesting minimal interruption of sleep homeostatic processes leading to a sleep profile that more closely mirrors the natural sleep‐wake states.References Parkar A, Liu T, Fryzel A, Groenhout T, Mashour GA and Pal D (2020) Effect of prolonged sedation with dexmedetomidine, midazolam, propofol, or sevoflurane on sleep homeostasis in rat. J Neurosurgical Anesthesiology, Vol 32, No 4, Page 403, Abstract no SNACC‐387.

Cancelled Time

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected contemporary performing arts in several ways, not least in the form of mass cancellations of performances and production processes in many countries around the world in the year 2020. In this article, I propose to view the interruption of performative processes as the event of a time of cancellation: the transition of unrealised futures into the past, where they persist as past futures and reservoirs of what could have been. The time of cancellation from performance is juxtaposed with the cancellation of time from the politics or anti-politics of proto-fascism during the pandemic. Proto-fascist tendencies are analysed in terms of their desire for a suicidal state which signifies the will for total sovereignty over life and death and time in the moment of self-destruction. In proposing to view the time of cancellation and the cancellation of time as a political constellation of cancelled time, I argue for the politicisation of past futures from performance as a counter-measure to the destruction of the future in proto-fascism.

Effect of overhanging surfaces on the evolution of substrate topography and internal defects formation in laser powder bed fusion

Overhanging (a.k.a. down-facing) surfaces are typically found in complex metal parts built with laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). When these surfaces exceed a certain extension or inclination with respect to the build plate, they need to be supported with external structures to avoid failure and macro-geometrical errors. However, a relatively large portion of the slice gets printed directly over loose powder, thus facing a substrate with significantly different wetting and heat transfer characteristics from solid/bulk. Several quality aspects (e.g., internal defects, surface topography) can be affected by the presence of overhangs, but their evolution during the process is still a relatively unexplored field. In this work, a new strategy based on process interruption is proposed for analyzing the evolution of defects produced during the printing of down-facing surfaces. Ex-situ high-accuracy characterization equipment was used to study their effect on the evolution of printed surface topography, internal defects, melted and sintered thickness. Results show that the process gradually recovers from the disturbance introduced by the overhang, but the peculiar structure of the internal defects observed in those regions reveals that even small unsupported areas can be detrimental to the as-built quality of the part. The combined use of surface topography data and volume reconstruction also allowed developing and validating a physics-based model for predicting the evolution of surface topography and effective layer thickness in overhangs.

Pandēmijas ietekme operā: Quo Vadis?

Based on relevant examples, the article covers the main challenges faced by the opera genre during Covid-19 pandemic. In summer 2021, almost two concert seasons had passed, providing artists only partial opportunities to do their job, earn money and interact with their audiences. The impact of the pandemic produced in opera could be assessed only in a few years. However, outlining some effects today allows forecasting changes in cultural ecosystem that will influence the development of opera all over the world. The article analyses, firstly, the impact of downtime and interruption of creative processes based on relevant examples, and, secondly, reflects on changes in artistic, technical, technological, and show form issues observed during 2020/2021 season. The first part discusses such issues as reduced income, maintenance of professional form, the necessity of retraining and communication with audiences, meanwhile, the second part covers several opera productions made during the pandemic that reflect conditional changes in preparation, production, and end result. Because of challenges in researching the ongoing process, generalizing conclusions obviously would be a mistake, however the author the comes up presents with several ideas summarizing current challenges in the opera genre today.

Application of multi-machine power system supervised machine-learning in error correction of electromechanical sensors

The shortage of electric energy in the supply process and supply interruption will not only directly affect the production level of all walks of life, but also affect the normal life order, and cause adverse effects on the development of the whole society. In order to ensure the stable operation of the system under the premise of ensuring safety, the actual control system is often affected by constraints. In this paper, the intelligent control strategy based on supervised machine learning is used to restrict the output of the system. The back stepping method and Lyapunov method are used to design the control, and then the supervised machine learning sensor of multi-machine power system under the constraint condition is optimized and improved. By introducing the k-class function adjusted according to the error, the system gain is automatically corrected. The simulation results show that the designed controllers can ensure that the output of the speed difference of the system is in the constrained range. Through comparison, it is concluded that the constrained fuzzy adaptive controller can further improve the rotation speed of the speed difference, reduce the vibration amplitude of the speed difference, and achieve better results.

Nursing care in adaptation to the role of informal caregivers of people with Parkinson’s disease

IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is catastrophic, chronic, and neurodegenerative. In advanced stage requires a permanent informal caregiver. The adaptation of the caregiver to their role is unknown, a fundamental aspect to guarantee the quality of care. ObjectivePrepare a healthcare proposal with standardized language to promote the adaptation of informal caregivers of Parkinson’s patients to their social role. MethodsTwo-phase study: Literature review and preparation of a Care Proposal. Search in Proquest, Scielo, Scient Direct, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases, in English, Spanish and Portuguese languages, for the last five years. Descriptors: Parkinson’s disease, Chronic disease, caregivers, adaptation, nursing process. The proposal articulates the Calixta Roy adaptation Model with the Nursing Process using NANDA-NOC-NIC taxonomy. ResultsFew publications on coping and adaptation of caregivers and on the Nursing Process to caregivers using standardized language. Committed adaptation modes: Role function and Self-concept. Relevant nursing diagnoses: Tiredness of the caregiver role, Interruption of family processes, Impairment of social interaction, Ineffective relationship, Compromised family coping, Willingness to improve self-concept, Risk of low situational self-esteem, and Body image disorder. Two NOC outcomes and three NIC interventions were linked for each diagnosis. ConclusionsThe articulation of the Calixta Roy Adaptation Model with the standardized language NANDA-NOC-NIC is an innovative contribution to the disciplinary and professional development of Neurological and Community Nursing. The proposal makes it possible to monitor the levels of adaptation of the informal caregiver and intervene in a timely manner.

Efficiency of insectofungicide dressing agents in suppressing potato rhizoctoniosis in the Novosibirsk region

The scientific research aims to establish the effect of modern insectofungicides Prestige and Respect on the development of potato rhizoctoniosis in agroecosystem crops in the region. The authors evaluated the effectiveness of the preparations under the conditions of production planting of potatoes in JSC “Sea Fields” during the period from 2015 to 2020. Under farm conditions, seed tubers are heavily (on average 38.5%) infested with sclerotia of the fungus R. Solani. Such requirements ensure that the pathogen is transmitted with the planting material yearly. During the study, the authors found that seed dressing reduced the infestation of tubers with the sclerotia form of the rhizoctoniosis pathogen by a factor of 4, thereby ensuring the interruption of the epiphytotic process. Insectofungicides protected potato seedlings already in the early plant growth and development stages. Insectofungicides reduced the number of dead potato seedlings in the field from 8.5% to 0.13%. Rhizoctoniosis in this farm developed on stalks in the form of an epiphytosis. Without seed tubers dressing, the prevalence of rhizoctoniosis was 72% to 88%. And the development of rhizoctoniosis disease was 27.1%, reaching almost 40% in some years. With the application of dressing, the growth of rhizoctoniosis on the stolons decreased by three times and did not exceed 8.8%. The number of damaged stolons was reduced by 2.2 times, and fallen stolons by 2.3 times. Introduction in the technology of growing potatoes dressing of seed tubers by insectofungicides allowed to reduce the total score of plants affected by rhizoctoniosis by 6.8 times. At the same time, the protective effect of insectofungicides Respect and Prestige was identical. The biological efficacy of insectofungicides ranged from 54.9% to 98.8%, while the economic efficiency was 17.7% to 24.2%.

Development and analysis of a mechatronic system for in-process monitoring and compensation of straightness deviation in BTA deep hole drilling

In BTA deep hole drilling straightness deviation of the bore is a very important quality criteria. The avoidance of straightness deviation is not possible due to the many influencing variables. Currently used methods for compensation require significant additional time, as they either require the interruption of the drilling process, or require an additional boring process. By using a newly developed, manufactured and tested compensation unit, which is mounted between the drill head and the drill pipe, a targeted tilting of the drill head and thus a targeted influencing of the straightness deviation in the running process is possible with the use of a radially adjustable control pad and an innovative actuator concept. The developed measuring system offers the possibility to record the straightness deviation during the drilling process. On the basis of experimental test series, a control system was developed and applied to the BTA deep drilling process. After a drilling path of 1,000 mm, a maximum straightness deviation reduction of approx. 51% can be realized. Compared to the process without control and compensation unit, the progressive increase of the straightness deviation was significantly reduced.

Eye-Tracker Study of Influence of Affective Disruptive Content on User's Visual Attention and Emotional State.

When reading interesting content or searching for information on a website, the appearance of a pop-up advertisement in the middle of the screen is perceived as irritating by a recipient. Interrupted cognitive processes are considered unwanted by the user but desired by advertising providers. Diverting visual attention away from the main content is intended to focus the user on the appeared disruptive content. Is the attempt to reach the user by any means justified? In this study, we examined the impact of pop-up emotional content on user reactions. For this purpose, a cognitive experiment was designed where a text-reading task was interrupted by two types of affective pictures: positive and negative ones. To measure the changes in user reactions, an eye-tracker (for analysis of eye movements and changes in gaze points) and an iMotion Platform (for analysis of face muscles’ movements) were used. The results confirm the impact of the type of emotional content on users’ reactions during cognitive process interruptions and indicate that the negative impact of cognitive process interruptions on the user can be reduced. The negative content evoked lower cognitive load, narrower visual attention, and lower irritation compared to positive content. These results offer insight on how to provide more efficient Internet advertising.

Impact on mechanical properties following a process interruption during Additive Manufacturing

Over the past decade, additive manufacturing has made a tremendous progress; This technology gets a great interest to the development of mechanical parts with complex geometries and compositions. The freedom of conception allows using additive manufacturing process in order to integrate optical sensors during the printing process and opens the way to the production of instrumented components for SHM (Structural Health Monitoring). The latter required a particular process with adapted printing strategy and an interruption of the procedure in order to implement the sensor. The impact of this insertion needs to be investigated in order to assess its influence on the mechanical parts behaviors.In this work, we perform several experiments on different 3D Printed parts with and without inserted sensors and identify the impact of the process interruption on the mechanical properties of manufactured parts.

Collaborative Innovation Mechanism of Water Pollution Control Industry Chain Based on Complex Scientific Management

In the process of collaborative innovation of water pollution control industry chain, there are some problems, such as chain break and lack of chain, which lead to poor effect of water pollution collaborative governance and low economic benefits. Therefore, this paper proposes a research method of collaborative innovation mechanism of water pollution treatment industry chain based on complex scientific management. In view of the problems existing in the current industrial chain of water pollution control, the collaborative economic model and matter‐element extension model of the industrial chain of water pollution treatment are constructed to improve the synergy effect of each link in the industrial chain and solve the contradictions of each link in the coordination process, so as to provide guarantee for the collaborative innovation of the industrial chain of water pollution control. The experimental results show that the proposed method can bring high economic benefits in the stage of source emission reduction, process interruption, and end treatment, and the water pollution treatment effect is good, which fully verifies the practical application effect of the method. After using the design method to purify, the maximum purification rate reaches more than 80%, and the purification effect reaches class v. The effect is remarkable, which has practical application value.

ЦИКЛІЧНИЙ ТА СТРУКТУРНІ АСПЕКТИ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ВРАЗЛИВОСТІ МАЛОЇ ВІДКРИТОЇ СИРОВИННОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Introduction. During periods of instability, there is an interruption of the investment process and capital flight. On the one hand, this complicates the course of the phase of financial instability, and on the other hand, it makes the development of complex technological industries that require long-term financing impossible. The article shows the regularity of such a transmission of cyclical downturns in the strengthening of structural vulnerability of small open commodity economies using the example of Ukraine. In accordance with the change in the conditions of external commodity markets, they have a pro-cyclical effect, provoking the accumulation of structural vulnerabilities in the form of growth in budget expenditures and imports due to increased export earnings and investments in favorable phases of the cycle, and intensifying factors of instability in periods of recession. Materials and methods. The research used methods of theoretical generalization, abstraction, synthesis and deduction, statistical and economic analysis. Data from the World Bank and the National Bank of Ukraine were used as statistical series. Scientific publications and reports of international organizations in the relevant areas have been used. Results and discussion. The article shows that the fixation of the structural basis of the economy is an important factor in vulnerability. In this regard, one of the key factors in increasing cyclical and structural instability is uncontrolled exchange rate volatility. Procyclical strengthening of the national currency in favorable phases limits the profitability of exports and makes imports cheaper, attracts speculative capital, and encourages an increase in the budget deficit. In periods of instability, uncontrolled devaluation increases the negative effects of instability, provoking financial crises. Conclusions. In order to get out of such a closed circle of cyclical-structural vulnerability, it is advisable to introduce a policy of controlling capital flows and move to an intermediate regime of the exchange rate with a limitation of its pro-cyclical volatility.

Отмена ингибиторов фактора некроза опухоли-α при достижении лекарственной ремиссии ювенильного идиопатического артрита без системных проявлений

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common and disabling rheumatic diseases in children. Pharmaceutical therapy for JIA can prevent the progression of the disease, achieve long-term remission, and significantly improve the quality of life in most patients. In cases where the initial therapy for JIA is not effective enough, it is recommended to escalate it, and vice versa, when remission is achieved, the de-escalation of therapy may be discussed. The latter is necessary due to the high risk of developing infectious complications and certain oncological diseases against the background of continuous biological treatment of JIA, as well as the negative impact of regular injections and/or infusions of medications on the quality of life, the interruption of educational process, the psychological burden of “lifelong” treatment with medications, and the economic burden on families and healthcare system. Currently, optimal regimens for the discontinuation of biopharmaceuticals, including TNFalpha inhibitors, remain a matter of debate. In this regard, the search for potential predictors of JIA exacerbation after withdrawal of biopharmaceuticals is relevant. Key words: juvenile idiopathic arthritis, biologic-free remission of JIA, tumor necrosis factor, inhibitors, etanercept, adalimumab, withdrawal, exacerbation, predictors

Effects of the pandemic crisis on social enterprise: A case study from Georgia

Social entrepreneurship is an important area of research when it comes to considering the role of business in society and how entrepreneurs solve social problems. The concept has spread not only in developing, but also in developed countries. The recent Covid-19 pandemic has demonstrated that crises can be addressed with entrepreneurial innovation and creativity. This paper attempts to outline a way for social enterprises to overcome the current pandemic crisis, as well as to emphasize the challenges and opportunities the crisis presents social entrepreneurs with. This paper discusses how social enterprises in Georgia have been affected and strategies that have been applied. In order to achieve the research goal, relevant literature has been analyzed and systematized. The qualitative research method has been applied to answer the study questions. The paper concludes with an interpretation of the results and highlights implications for theory and practice. This study finds that Georgian social enterprises are negatively affected by the pandemic crisis due to increased operational costs, interruption of business processes, sales decline, customer loss, and supply chain disruptions. Social enterprises responded to the challenges by changing strategies, re-allocating resources, diversifying funding sources, intensifying communication efforts, introducing new technologies, and moving online. However, government support is essential for Georgian social enterprises to survive and grow. Finally, directions for future research are also proposed.

Towards an intelligent disruption management system based on the maximal network plan - development of a prioritisation algorithm for disruptions in production processes

A main aspect of the digitalisation of production processes is the increase of process flexibility. An option to raise the flexibility is a sufficient reaction to unplanned process interruptions. Disruption management supports decision-makers to reduce the influence of such situations on the production process. This paper describes a task prioritisation method for disruption correction, based on the maximal network plan technique. The proposed algorithm combines machine-learning techniques with expert knowledge to raise the time-cost efficiency. As a case study, the assembly and integration of Ariane 6 upper composite in the ArianeGroup plant in Bremen is used.

Recovery of Heating Interrupt based on Predefined Heating Curves with Application in Automotive Industry

Using pyrometer as a sensor for the temperature measurement in the feedback loop of the heating process of complex structures is standard approach. However, the sensor accuracy of temperature measurement depends on emissivity, which correlates with material composition, shape, and the final machining. To achieve required accuracy of temperature measurement, it is necessary to recalibrate the emissivity factor after each batch of products, which is not practical. Therefore, in this paper, we present a different approach that is based on a library of predefined heating curves which correlate with different batches and consequently different rates of heating. As a result, the completion of the heating process is not related to the temperature value, but to the heating time. Such approach also allows efficient recovery in case of the heating process interruption

Pasja kresu. Przyczynek do poetyckiego rejestru Tomasza Pułki

The Passion of Abolition. Introduction to the Poetic Register of Tomasz Pułka The text is an attempt to outline the complex dynamics of Tomasz Pułka’s poetic register. This register is marked by a certain decaying tendency, as a result of which the exploration of “the poles of subjectivity” postulated by the poet is connected with the danger of losing control over a poem. In the face of the pressing “passion of the abolition” – understood in the aesthetic-existential context as the interruption of productive processes of subjectification – Pułka abandons formal discipline and returns to poems that are surprisingly transparent, almost confessional.

Interfering with mitochondrial dynamics sensitizes glioblastoma multiforme to temozolomide chemotherapy.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary tumour of the central nervous system (CNS) that exhibits the highest degree of malignancy. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are essential to prolong the survival time of patients. However, clinical work has demonstrated that sensitivity of GBM to chemotherapy decreases with time. The phenomenon of multi‐drug resistance (MDR) reminds us that there may exist some fundamental mechanisms in the process of chemo‐resistance. We tried to explore the mechanism of GBM chemo‐resistance from the perspective of energy metabolism. First, we found that the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) level of SHG44 and U87 cells increased under TMZ treatment. In further studies, it was found that the expression of PINK1 and mitophagy flux downstream was downregulated in GBM cells, which were secondary to the upregulation of TP53 in tumour cells under TMZ treatment. At the same time, we examined the mitochondrial morphology in tumour cells and found that the size of mitochondria in tumour cells increased under the treatment of TMZ, which originated from the regulation of AMPK on the subcellular localization of Drp1 under the condition of unbalanced energy supply and demand in tumour cells. The accumulation of mitochondrial mass and the optimization of mitochondrial quality accounted for the increased oxidative phosphorylation, and interruption of the mitochondrial fusion process downregulated the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and sensitized GBM cells to TMZ, which was also confirmed in the in vivo experiment. What is more, interfering with this process is an innovative strategy to overcome the chemo‐resistance of GBM cells.