Interregional Input-output Table Research Articles

Evaluating the spatial spillover effects of tourism demand in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan: an inter-regional input–output model

Shizuoka prefecture in Japan has many tourism destinations and a lot of international and domestic tourists visit it. There are regional cooperative destination marketing organizations (DMOs), which provide the lion’s share of promotion of tourism for Shizuoka prefecture. In this paper, a methodology to evaluate economic impacts on the sightseeing area is developed. The evaluation is based on the number of tourists who visited and the length of stay in the municipality. Then, an inter-regional input–output model (consisting of 35 municipalities and 37 industrial sectors) at the municipality level is estimated to evaluate the spillover effects between cities and towns. The non-survey method based on the gravity-RAS method is used on the inter-regional input–output table estimate. Economic hotspots with economic spillover effects were identified for Shizuoka prefecture. Moreover, the economic impacts of partnerships in sightseeing areas in the three regions of DMO, namely, Suruga DMO, Hamamatsu DMO, and Izu DMO, are also measured.

Value Added Decomposition of Chinese Provincial Exports and Its Assessment of True Comparative Advantage: A Case Study of Manufacturing in Jiangsu Province

The Sino-US trade conflict, the collapse of economic globalization and the reconstruction of global value chains have enhanced the necessity and urgency of building an open and connected, self-controllable, domestic value chain. Jiangsu is a major province and a large open province. The goal, path and measures for Jiangsu to build an independent and controllable advanced manufacturing system will have typical reference value. Based on the KWW trade value added decomposition framework, the World Input-Output Table (WIOT) and the inter-regional input-output tables of 30 provinces in China, Jiangsu’s return domestic value added, foreign value added, province value added and other provinces’ value added in Jiangsu’s manufacturing exports are estimated. Meanwhile, the regional linkages and changes of Jiangsu’s manufacturing exports with the rest of the provinces are also analyzed. The results show that the value added of imports from Jiangsu exports is higher than that of other provinces, which indicates that the “foreign circulation” of Jiangsu’s economy is stronger than “domestic circulation” though the situation is always changing in recent years. The Yangtze River Delta region is the core space for Jiangsu to build manufacturing industry chain. The Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Huaihai Economic Zone, which is the part of new Silk Road, are two important extended spaces for Jiangsu to build up NVC. Finally, On the basis of the decomposition of export value added, the industries with real comparative advantages in 16 major manufacturing industries in Jiangsu Province are evaluated. Both the advantages and disadvantages of Jiangsu’s value chain upgrading at the industrial level are unveiled.

Critical sectors and paths for climate change mitigation within supply chain networks

Certain sectors and paths along supply chains play a critical role in climate change mitigation. We develope a consumption-based framework, which combines input–output analysis, a power-of-pull approach and structural path analysis, and applied it to supply chain networks derived from 2010 and 2012 Jing-Jin-Ji interregional input–output tables. The aim of this study is to identify (1) the key economic sectors for controlling carbon emissions and their changes, (2) the critical directions from a carbon-pulling sector to the emissions of key economic sectors, and (3) the paths with the largest carbon emissions flux in these critical directions. Our results show that the key sectors are from Hebei and Tianjin, more concentrated in Hebei. Most sectors have the largest pulling power over their own carbon emissions, and within-region connections dominated in the emission network, with a stronger tie between Beijing and the other two regions. Critical paths along carbon-pulling directions are located in tiers 0 and 1. Our framework can provide new insight into the creation of carbon emissions control policies.

7-2-2 変動電源の出力抑制を考慮した地域間次世代エネルギーシステム分析用産業連関表の作成

7-2-2 変動電源の出力抑制を考慮した地域間次世代エネルギーシステム分析用産業連関表の作成

PRODUCTION SHARING, DEMAND SPILLOVERS AND CO2 EMISSIONS: THE CASE OF CHINESE REGIONS IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS

Recent trade literature highlights production sharing among economies [Johnson, R and G Noguera (2012). Accounting for intermediates: Production sharing and trade in value added. Journal of International Economics, 86(2), 224–236), and some studies report that 20–25% of CO2 emissions can be attributed to international trade [Peters, G, J Minx, C Weber and O Edenhofer (2011). Growth in emission transfers via international trade from 1990 to 2008. Proceedings the National Academy of Sciences USA, 108(21), 8903–8908.]. However, the mechanism explaining how and to what extent production sharing affects CO2 emissions remains unclear. This study, as an extension of [Meng, B, J Xue, K Feng, D Guan and X Fu (2013a). China’s interregional spillover of carbon emissions and domestic supply chains. Energy Policy, 61, 1305–1321.], adopts the perspective of demand spillovers to provide new insights regarding the position of Chinese domestic-regions’ production in Global Value Chains (GVCs) and their associated CO2 emissions. To this end, we employed a new type of World Input-Output Database (WIOD) in which China’s domestic interregional input–output table for 2007 is endogenously embedded. The pattern of China’s regional demand spillovers across both domestic regions and countries is revealed by employing this new database. These results were then connected to endowments theory, which helps to make sense of the empirical results. It is found that China’s regions are located relatively upstream in GVCs, and had CO2 emissions in net exports, which were entirely predicted by the environmental extended Heckscher–Ohlin–Vanek (HOV) model. Our study points to micro policy instruments to combat climate change: for example, tax reform for energy inputs that helps to change the production pattern, which then has an impact on trade patterns and so forth.

Study of Gas Resources Utilization of Tangguh, Masela, and Kasuri Blocks for East Indonesia Regional Development

This study is intended to evaluate, analyze and give recommendations for prudently utilizing gas production to maximize regional economic developments. A method to relate sectors and inter-regions, i.e., Inter-regional Input-Output (IRIO) Model, is employed to predict the impact of the upstream potential on the down stream. This techno-economic study examines the allocated gas from three gas field blocks altogether at Maluku and West Papua Provinces, i.e., Tangguh, Masela, and Kasuri, to supply the demands of (1) power plants; (2) fertilizer industries, and (3) petrochemicals industries. This study identifies development processes, investment parameters from pre-construction to operation, implementation parameters, and output parameters, both for the upstream and downstream sectors during 2016-2035. The IRIO model uses the 2010 IRIO Table published by BAPPENAS which consists of 35 sectors and 35 provinces. The shock data used to estimate the economic impacts include those data on infrastructure (CAPEX, OPEX, and supporting facilities), energy consumption (per kWh, per ton fertilizer, and per petrochemical product), workforce, and investments at a particular time. Six simulation modeling scenarios were developed to forecast the future performance of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)/Regional Gross Domestic Products (GRDP), Community Income, and Employment of 4 provinces in Eastern Indonesia. The results indicate that the regional economy could grow significantly by providing electricity first. Hence, the Petrochemical Industry gives more contribution than the Fertilizer Industry. The contribution (compared to BAU condition) increases sharply before taking a peak period and then declines in the year 2025. The best scenario results in a rise of the regional GDP at about 19 percent, wages at about 20 percent, and employment at about 55 percent. Maluku Province deserves the most economic improvement followed by West Papua Province. North Maluku and Papua provinces are not as well-off as those two provinces although there has been an indication of some employment in North Maluku Province.
 JEL Classification: E23Keywords: Gas resources, Input-Output, techno-economic, East Indonesia

Network analysis of Chinese provincial economies

Global economic system is a huge network formed by national subnetworks that contains the provincial networks. As the second largest world economy, China has “too big to fail” impact on the interconnected global economy. Detecting the critical sectors and vital linkages inside Chinese economic network is meaningful for understanding the origin of this Chinese impact. Different from tradition network research at national level, this paper focuses on the provincial networks and inter-provincial network. Using Chinese inter-regional input–output table to construct 30 provincial input–output networks and one inter-provincial input–output network, we identify central sectors and vital linkages, as well as analyze economic structure similarity. Results show that (1) Communication Devices sector in Guangdong and that in Jiangsu, Transportation and Storage sector in Shanghai play critical roles in Chinese economy. (2) Advanced manufactures and services industry occupy the central positions in eastern provincial economies, while Construction sector, Heavy industry, and Wholesale and Retail Trades sector are influential in middle and western provinces. (3) The critical monetary flow paths in Chinese economy are Communication Devices sector to Communication Devices sector in Guangdong, Metals Mining sector to Iron and Steel Smelting sector in Henan, Communication Devices sector to Communication Devices sector in Jiangsu, as well as Petroleum Mining sector in Heilongjiang to Petroleum Processing sector in Liaoning. (4) Collective influence results suggest that Finance sector, Transportation and Storage sector, Production of Electricity and Heat sector, and Rubber and Plastics sector in Hainan are strategic influencers, despite being weakly connected. These sectors and input–output relations are worthy of close attention for monitoring Chinese economy.

The Analysis on Inter-Regional Industrial Production Chain of China Based on the Average Propagation Length

The group-wise APL gives between any two groups of sectors. We research each province’s position in production chain of China using GAPL, based on the Chinese inter-regional input-output table. GAPL provides a new perspective and approach to understand and measure quantitatively the regional spatial distribution pattern in Chinese provinces. Provinces located in the regional industrial production chain downstream, like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong mainly engaged in final production activities, such as transportation equipment manufacturing industry; rich-resource provinces located at upstream, mainly provided inter-mediate products for other provinces, such as Jiangxi, Shanxi, Shandong Inner-Mongolia.

A note on distortions from estimating the regional impacts of exogenous changes in output

ABSTRACTThis paper demonstrates both theoretically and empirically that when outputs instead of final demands are exogenously predetermined, the traditional Leontief final demand model overestimates economic impact, and even more so in a multiregional context. We assess this premise vis-à-vis the Leontief output model using the 2013 interregional input–output table of the Republic of Korea. We find that from a multiregional perspective the standard Leontief final demand model yields substantially biased output multipliers for Chungbuk Province.

Provincial transfers of enabled carbon emissions in China: A supply-side perspective

The development of the regional economy in China is unbalanced. Interregional "carbon leakage" and "carbon transfer" have a significant impact on the realization of carbon emission mitigation targets and the allocation of responsibility. Using China's interregional input-output tables and the corresponding carbon emission data for 2007 and 2010, this paper proposes an interregional Ghosh input-output model and estimates the amount of interprovincial carbon emission transfer from the supply-side perspective. We find that the main direction of supply-side carbon emission transfer is from resource-intensive provinces in the central and western regions to developed provinces in the eastern coastal regions. Further analysis shows that the transfer is mainly concentrated in the production and distribution of electricity and heat, nonmetallic mineral products, and basic metals, whose carbon emissions account for approximately 70% of all sectors’ carbon emissions. The differences between the supply side and the demand side of China's provinces are mainly reflected in the transfer out of carbon emissions.

Spatial spillover effects in determining China's regional CO2 emissions growth: 2007–2010

This study proposes an alternative input–output based spatial structural decomposition analysis to elucidate the importance of domestic regional heterogeneity and inter-regional spillover effects in determining China's regional CO2 emissions growth. Our empirical results, based on the 2007 and 2010 Chinese inter-regional input–output tables, show that changes in most regions' final demand scale, final expenditure structure, and export scale have positive spatial spillover effects on other regions' CO2 emissions growth; changes in most regions' consumption and export preference help reduce other regions' CO2 emissions; changes in production technology and investment preferences may exert positive or negative effects on other region's CO2 emissions growth through domestic supply chains. For some regions, the aggregate spillover effect from other regions may be larger than the intra-regional effect in determining regional emissions growth. All these facts can significantly help provide a better, deeper understanding of the driving forces behind the growth of regional CO2 emissions and can thus enrich the policy implications concerning a narrow definition of “carbon leakage” through domestic inter-regional “trade” as well as a relevant political consensus about responsibility sharing between developed and developing regions inside China.

The economic impact of supply chain disruptions from the Great East-Japan earthquake

The Great East-Japan Earthquake of March 11th, 2011 had a serious negative economic impact on the Japanese economy. The earthquake substantially reduced production not only in regions directly hit by the earthquake but also in other parts of Japan through supply chain disruptions. We examine the economic impact of the supply chain disruptions immediately following the earthquake using a unique interregional input-output table combining two different regional IO tables, the JIP database, and other regional statistics. To conduct our analysis, we modify the forward linkage methodology to take into account the bottleneck effect in the intermediate input of manufacturing production. Our estimates show that the production losses caused by the supply chain disruptions would amount to at least 0.35% of the country’s GDP. We also analyzed how establishing multiple supply chains would work to mitigate the damage of potential natural disasters in the future. However, as multiple supply chains may lose production efficiency at the firm level, we would require policies that provide incentives to firms that diversify supply chains.

The Inter-provincial Transfer of Transportation Hidden Carbon in China’s Provinces

Recognize the characteristics of the inter-provincial transportation hidden carbon transfer scientifically, which is significant to evaluate regional carbon emission correctly and reasonably and make the regional carbon reduction policies. With the China’s interregional input-output tables in 2007 and 2010 years, this paper measures the transportation hidden carbon and researches the features of inter-provincial transportation hidden carbon transfer. The results show that: (1) The Shanxi, Hubei and et al in central-western regions is the major importer of carbon emission, and the Tianjin, Jiangsu, Fujian and et al in eastern regions is the net exporter; (2)The transfer size and density of the eastern, central and western regions present the decreasing tendency. The more advanced the economy, the higher the transportation hidden carbon emission. In China, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Band is the most cohesive region about size and density. As the results, the responsibility of provincial transportation carbon emission should be properly adjusted, and regional linkage carbon emission policies should be implemented.

A Study on the Evaluation Method for the Spatial Economic Impacts of Tourism Consumption: Using the Inter-Regional Input-Output Table of Shizuoka Prefecture

A Study on the Evaluation Method for the Spatial Economic Impacts of Tourism Consumption: Using the Inter-Regional Input-Output Table of Shizuoka Prefecture

三遠南信地域を対象とした経済波及効果分析: 多地域産業連関アプローチ

The purpose of this paper is to estimate an Inter-Regional Input-Output Table for the San-En-Nanshin （SENA） region in the center of Japan by using a non-survey method. The region is located at the cross-borders between Aichi, Shizuoka and Nagano Prefectures. New transportation systems such as the San-En-Nanshin highway and the Liner Chuo Shinkansen are planned for this region. We estimated the spill over and feedback effects of the new transportation systems and a clustering policy for the three regions.

IMPACTOS ECONÔMICOS REGIONAIS E INTER-REGIONAIS DOS MEGAEVENTOS ESPORTIVOS SEDIADOS NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO

Este estudo investigou os impactos dos investimentos dos megaeventos esportivos para a economia do estado do Rio de Janeiro e os possíveis transbordamentos para o restante do Brasil. Para tanto, foi utilizada a matriz de insumo-produto inter-regional Rio de Janeiro x restante do Brasil para o ano de 2009, atualizada por meio do método RAS. Os principais resultados revelaram que a parcela intra-regional do multiplicador de produção sempre supera a parcela inter-regional, demonstrando que a economia do Rio de Janeiro não gera efeito transbordamento expressivo para a economia do restante do Brasil e vice-versa. Além disso, o PIB do Rio de Janeiro cresceu 13% em virtude dos investimentos advindos dos megaeventos, enquanto o PIB do restante do Brasil aumentou somente 0,45%. E, por fim, o crescimento econômico não será sustentado para a economia do Rio de Janeiro, uma vez que os setores favorecidos pelos investimentos dos megaeventos não se apresentaram como chave para a economia fluminense.

Extending the FLQ formula: a location quotient-based interregional input–output framework

ABSTRACTExtending the FLQ formula: a location quotient-based interregional input–output framework. Regional Studies. The regionalization of national input–output tables is a major issue in regional science as corresponding regional data are often unavailable. In this paper, a framework is developed to estimate intra- and interregional input–output tables. The intraregional estimates are based on the well-known FLQ method. The interregional estimates are constructed using gravity modelling to account for factors like geographic distance between regions. The derived (initial) estimates are embedded in an interregional accounting framework that ensures consistency of regional values with the national aggregates. The framework is applied to the German economy of 2010. The relationship between the FLQ formula and the estimated amount of interregional trade in intermediates, the amount of interregional cross-hauling, and the regional distribution of output multipliers is highlighted.

Estimation of interregional input–output table using hybrid algorithm of the RAS method and real-coded genetic algorithm

In this paper, we propose a method for improving the accuracy of the estimation of interregional input–output tables, by combining the RAS method and the real-coded Genetic Algorithm (GA); these are simple representative methods for the estimation of an interregional input–output table. By comparing the performance evaluation results obtained using the proposed method, the RAS method, and Simulated Annealing, we verified that the combination of the genetic algorithm and the RAS method can enhance the estimation accuracy of an interregional input–output table. In addition, performance is further enhanced by adjusting GA parameters.

Review of the Potential for Constructing Inter-regional Input-Output Table of Thailand and the Application for Transportation and Logistic Research

Review of the Potential for Constructing Inter-regional Input-Output Table of Thailand and the Application for Transportation and Logistic Research

Networked or Un-Networked? A Preliminary Study on KIBS-Based Sustainable Urban Development: The Case of China

Increasingly pertinent linkages of cities via knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) in the 21st century have opened a new window for academia to reconsider the approach to achieving urban sustainability. In this study, city network was investigated with an aim of identifying its attributes in the framework of sustainable urban development. Data about China’s KIBS, which are compiled in an inter-regional input–output table, were calculated following the procedure of social network analysis. It was found that: (1) the degree of nodes (i.e., out-degree, in-degree and betweenness) in China varies distinctively from city to city; (2) the hierarchy of the city network is very tiny; and (3) that the network structure is subject to both “a small world” and core–periphery effects. Furthermore, city nodes in China fall into four categories, namely high centrality and power, high centrality and low power, low centrality and high power, and low centrality and power. The implication is that governmental efforts should be made to secure a reasonable decentralization of key city nodes to ensure that urban sustainability is built on a city-to-city basis.