Interregional Cooperation Research Articles

A Study on Inter-Regional Cooperation Patterns and Evolution Mechanism of Traditional and Renewable Energy Sources

To obtain the early realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China, this study explores the cooperative relationship of inter-regional energy power-generation substitution between regions dominated by traditional thermal power and renewable energy sources (RES). By taking a regional government as the decision-making subject, focused on interest and environmental factors, an evolutionary game model of inter-regional energy cooperation is structured, and a simulation platform of the two different power-generation replacement cooperative patterns/strategies is constructed by using system dynamics. Then, the influences of the sensitive parameters on the cooperative evolutionary path under symmetric and asymmetric sharing cost cases have been discussed based on practical example in the regions of China. The results imply that agents can only select the favorable cooperative strategies unilaterally, by choosing a strategy of sharing the environmental revenues rather than the cooperative costs. When the failure cost of the opportunity revenues is less than or equal to the RES power-generation cost, a traditional thermal power regional government adopts a cooperative no-sharing strategy, while an RES regional government selects the opposite strategy. However, under the optimized dynamic proportional allocation schema, it is more likely that the traditional thermal power regional government will prefer cooperative sharing strategies, which can promote the social value of RES. This study provides beneficial inspiration for the Chinese government to further improve its RPS policy. The RES consumption fulfilled by direct or indirect trans-regional energy cooperation can be included in the RPS index framework assigned to traditional thermal power energy regions, and the added environmental value should be regarded as being as crucial as the economic and energy factors are in the cooperative process. In addition, RES regions that contribute more to clean energy absorption should raise the weight of the RPS rewards.

INTERMUNICIPAL AND INTERREGIONAL COOPERATION AND ITS ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL AREAS

One of the priorities of modern state policy in relation to rural territories is the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, peasant (farmer) and personal subsidiary farms, agricultural production and consumer cooperation. However, Russian small and medium-sized agribusinesses are now actively developing mainly in the sphere of trade and traditional branches of agriculture: crop production, dairy and beef cattle breeding. Rural entrepreneurship has not yet received proper development in the field of processing agricultural products, forestry, and a number of other branches of the rural economy, including in the field of ethnic business. In the frames of this article, the need for the development of intermunicipal and interregional cooperation in the field of ethnic entrepreneurship of the Republic of Bashkortostan is actualized, which is considered as a "point of growth", one of the promising directions of diversification and clustering of the economy of depressive and subsidized rural areas, increasing incomes and employment of villagers. On the example of specific south- and north-eastern regions of Bashkortostan, the prospects of organizing agricultural production and consumer cooperatives of the second and third levels as a factor of clustering of agro- and ethnic business of a village are analyzed.

Renewable energy technology innovation and inclusive low-carbon development from the perspective of spatiotemporal consistency.

As an emerging driving factor, the positive impact of renewable energy technology innovation (RETI) on inclusive low-carbon development (ILCD) may be undervalued or even neglected. This paper develops an evaluation system to measure China’s ILCD by using provincial panel data from 2006 to 2020. Based on the combined perspective of spatial spillover effect and threshold effect, this paper examines the spatial spillover effects and the regional boundary of RETI on ILCD in different periods and further analyzes five heterogeneities. The results show that (1) RETI and ILCD are increasing steadily, presenting a spatial pattern of “high in the east and low in the west.” (2) Overall, RETI significantly promotes ILCD in local and neighboring areas. RETI in the growth period inhibits local ILCD, which in the mature period promotes local and neighboring ILCD. (3) The spatial spillover boundary of the whole RETI is 1400 km, that of RETI in the growth period is 1000 km, and that of RETI in the mature period is 1600 km. (4) The promotion effect of RETI on ILCD enhances over time and shows a spatial pattern of “eastern > central > south > north > western.” It is further found that RETI strongly promotes ILCD in non-resource-based, high marketization, and strong environmental regulation areas. Therefore, it is necessary to break down administrative and market barriers, strengthen inter-regional cooperation and interconnection of resource elements, and establish a dynamic management mechanism of “one province, one policy” according to the regional heterogeneity for providing decision-making reference in promoting global energy transition and climate governance.

Structural Decomposition of the Spatial and Temporal Patterns and Sources of Spatial Variation in Agricultural Carbon Emissions in China

This paper examines the spatial distribution of agricultural carbon emissions in China from 2010-2019 and the structural decomposition of the sources of their spatial variation. Visual results are obtained using Akkis plotting, and the Thiel index is applied to quantitatively analyse the overall regional variation, intra-zone variation and inter-zone variation, as well as the contribution of intra-zone variation and inter-zone variation to the overall variation in China's agricultural carbon emissions from 2010-2019; China's agricultural carbon emissions possess a basic balance, but the eastern, western, central, and The Northeast region is characterised by uneven development within each region. In particular, the development within the western region is very uneven. It is recommended that inter-regional cooperation and exchange of emission reduction technologies be strengthened. In view of the significant differences in emission reduction effects between regions in China's agricultural carbon emissions, all regions should strengthen communication and cooperation, collaborate on scientific and technological innovation in emission reduction, focus on the promotion and application of advanced emission reduction technologies, and fully exploit the emission reduction potential to jointly achieve the goal of emission reduction and carbon reduction.

Would Financial Development Help China Achieve Carbon Peak Emissions?

China has committed to reaching carbon peak before 2030. To realize the carbon peak goal, financial development plays an essential role in developing a green economy. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2006 to 2019, this paper explores the impact of financial development on carbon intensity both theoretically and empirically. A financial development index system is constructed and computed using the entropy method. A spatial lag panel data model is employed to empirically test the interaction effect of financial development on carbon intensity. Moreover, the mediating effects of industrial upgrading and technological innovation are further investigated. The results show that: first, carbon intensity generates strong spatial spillover effects between provinces in China. Second, financial development significantly reduces carbon intensity, and is most pronounced in central China, followed by western and eastern China. Third, industrial upgrading and technological innovation are important channels to assist financial development in cutting down carbon intensity, and both produce positive spatial spillover effects. These findings suggest that inter-regional cooperation and coordination on financial development, industrial upgrading, and technological innovation are conducive to achieving low-carbon development targets. This research not only has practical significance to China, but also provides global reference value to other countries.

Interregional cooperation in the development of region industry in the context of economic sanctions

Increasing the competitiveness of industrial production largely depends on the development of interregional cooperation, which implies a deepening of specialization. The other side of cooperation is the expansion of interregional exchange. In modern conditions, cooperation and exchange ties extend not only to the domestic market, but also to the external one. Dependence on foreign markets has already become decisive for many countries today. Different regions of Russia depend on foreign markets in different ways. These differences also apply to activities. The article discusses the content and tasks of restructuring ties for cooperation in the industry of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the context of economic sanctions. Among the emerging problems are the narrowing of sales markets, breaks in technological chains and the associated decrease in the level of innovation and competitiveness of enterprises. The mechanism for restoring the integrity of production chains is shown, including the reorientation of the exchange to friendly countries, the search for and finding sources of goods and services within the country, for which it is proposed to organize joint production of components and expand their existing production facilities, with the involvement of potential consumers.

Determining the prospect for activation of interregional economic interactions in modern conditions

The article is devoted to the study of the potential for enhancing interregional cooperation and its main directions. The purpose of the study is to substantiate promising areas of interregional interaction of the Republic of Bashkortostan with neighbouring regions based on an assessment of competitive advantages. In accordance with the goal set, the development levels of individual regions have been determined; the competitive economic activities in them have been evaluated; the specialization of regions, taking into account their competitiveness, as well as the budgetary basis for the development of interregional relations have been identified. The study uses a systematic analysis of economic differences between the regions, identifying the directions of economic reserve flows on the basis of the criterion of alignment of their returns. The differences between the regions in natural conditions and natural resources, in specialization by type of economic activity and by individual types of agricultural products are considered as an economic basis for interregional interaction.

The Quality of Innovation Space Management in the Eastern Macro-Region of Russia

Introduction. Increasing requirements for the regions in terms of enhancing innovative development, on the one hand, the complication of innovative activities in the current socio-economic situation, on the other, actualize the task of improving the quality of innovation space management. The purpose of the article is to assess the quality of management of the innovation space of an enlarged territory based on the proposed system of indicators and to formulate recommendations for its improvement. Materials and Methods. The information base of the study was the data of the NIAC MIIRIS, the Rusprofile service, the pr-cy.ru portal, the official websites of business incubators, technology parks, industrial parks of the Eastern macro-region of Russia, the administrations of cities and districts of the territories where they are located, the results of an expert survey of specialists objects of innovative infrastructure of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass and the Novosibirsk region. To assess the quality of innovation space management, an author’s method based on the calculation of the same name index of is proposed. Results. The problematic and positive characteristics of the quality of innovation space management of the Eastern macro-region of Russia are revealed. According to the level of the same name index, regions (as well as objects of innovative infrastructure) are distinguished as leaders and outsiders. Conclusions are drawn about the low quality of connectivity of the innovation space and insufficient attention to this aspect of the activities of managers of innovation infrastructure facilities. Directions for improving the quality of innovation space management are formulated. Discussion and Conclusion. Along with a large number of positive characteristics of the quality of innovation space management of the Eastern macro-region of Russia, fixing the high quality of management, a stable set of characteristics has developed that have a significant impact on the quality of management according to experts, the lack of attention to which in the near future may lead to its significant decrease. The research materials can be useful for federal and regional executive authorities in terms of improving innovation policy, improving the quality of innovation space management, developing new forms of interregional cooperation in the field of innovation.

ПРІОРИТЕТИ ТА ІНСТРУМЕНТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ І РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОНКУРЕНТНИХ ПЕРЕВАГ ЕКОНОМІКИ РЕГІОНІВ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО РИНКУ

The article highlights the relevance of trends in the formation and implementation of competitive advantages for the economy of the regions based on the need for them to obtain sufficient opportunities to ensure dynamic development and a high level of competitiveness. Attention is drawn to numerous scientific approaches to the formation and implementation of competitive advantages of the regional economy - marketing, strategic, technological and others. The characteristics of the competitive environment of the regions from the point of view of the trends of domestic and local and local markets are given - high import dependence, developed export potential, balanced phases of social reproduction spheres, insufficient resource provision, slow infrastructural development of the regional economy. Priorities and tools for the formation and realization of competitive advantages of the regional economy based on the strategic orientations of the state regulation of the internal market have been determined. It has been proven that the presence of competitive advantages for the region serves as a basic means of ensuring its economic development, and their implementation should determine the strategic guidelines for reforming the policy of regulating market relations, and as a result, it is possible to achieve a sufficient level of competitiveness of the region and the national economy as a whole. The importance of regulating market relations, which will take place on the principles of competition and with the aim of establishing a high-tech industrial complex for the production of competitive products in the regions, was emphasized. It has been established that ensuring the competitiveness of the region's economy is largely determined by the level of interregional cooperation, which is relevant for regions with a balanced structure of the internal market, for which it is important to implement investment and innovation projects of interregional intersectoral cooperation, develop cooperative ties and network cooperation in building up production of high-quality products, to establish commercial and sales innovative and technological cooperation.

Промышленная политика и трансформация потребительского рынка арктических регионов России

The article considers the state of industrial policy in the subjects of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation both in terms of the status and dynamics of the regional consumer market and the mechanisms of state regulation and support. In the current situation of economic sanctions and external threats, the main problems of the consumer market are the following: rising prices, transformation of transport and logistics schemes, declining quality of goods and services, reduction of their assortment. Opportunities for solving them could include: location of production sites closer to the end consumer, inter-production and interregional cooperation and specialization, state regulation and compensation of fuel, energy and transport tariffs, infrastructure development. The article considers a number of generalized cases of consumer preferences formation depending on the goods belonging of local producers to this or that sector of the “Price x Quality” matrix. A number of systemic problems associated with the need for local producers to respond to the transformational changes to which the regional consumer market is exposed today has been identified. In order to create a set of support measures and effective tools, it is necessary to develop a system of long–term guidelines and strategizing in the field of regional industrial policy: on the one hand, it is integrated into the state vertical of industrial management, on the other hand, it takes into account territorial features, industrial potential and consumer expectations of the population in the regions. Based on the analysis, the authors propose to create a single document in each region of the Russian Federation with the working title “Fundamentals of regional industrial policy and consumer market development”.

Virtual Carbon Flow in China’s Capital Economic Circle: A Multi-Regional Input–Output Approach

The Capital Economic Circle (CEC) is the area with the largest economic aggregate in northern China and has a strong status in driving the economic development of China. However, the industrial structure dominated by high energy consuming industries leads to a large number of carbon dioxide emissions, and the imbalance between economic development and carbon emissions in CEC is serious; therefore, it is necessary to explore how to solve the carbon imbalance problem of the CEC by relying on interregional cooperation. Based on China’s multi-regional input–output tables of 2012, 2015 and 2017, this paper proposes the CEC carbon-extended, multi-regional input–output model to measure virtual carbon flow and analyze how the industrial structure leads to the imbalance of carbon flow distribution in CEC. Indicators such as direct carbon emission coefficients, complete carbon emission coefficients and carbon emissions pull coefficients of the industrial sectors in CEC are calculated and the physical carbon emission and virtual carbon flows among the industrial sectors and the regions are evaluated. The results show that there are potential constraints from the uncoordinated configuration of industrial innovation chains among the CEC, and the “carbon imbalance” of CEC is mainly reflected in the backward production technology of Hebei and its inefficient connection with the industrial innovation chain of Beijing and Tianjin. It is suggested that policymakers should promote the low-carbon production system and strengthen green energy development and utilization to enhance green development in CEC. In future research, we should pay attention to the updating method of the input–output table and the development of carbon circular networks. This study has implications for some areas of China and developing countries in Asia, which also have an imbalance between industrial economy development and carbon emissions, and a similarity in space structure and industry layout with CEC.

Emission Characteristics of Air Pollutants and CO2 from 11 Cities with Different Economic Development around the Bohai Sea in China from 2008-2017.

Cities around the Bohai Sea are one of the main population cluster areas in China, which are characterized by high levels of sustainability performance and human capital, as well as resource-intensive industries. In this study, levels of economic development metrics and emissions of air pollutants (BC, CO, NH3, NOx, OC, PM2.5, PM10, and SO2) and CO2 across eleven cities around the Bohai Sea from 2008 to 2017 were compared to illustrate the potential relationships between air pollutants/carbon emissions and socioeconomic developments. Meanwhile, the associations between the levels of economic development metrics (GDP per capita), emissions, and energy use per GDP have also been examined. Large differences across these 11 cities presenting different economic development levels and energy consumption characteristics have been observed. Cities with development dependable on the consumption of fossil fuels and the development of resource-intensive industries have emitted large amounts of air pollutants and CO2. Furthermore, the emissions and energy use per GDP for all the cities follow environmental Kuznets curves. The comparison results suggested that the developing cities dependable on resource-intensive industries around the Bohai Sea would obtain greater socioeconomic benefits owing to the interregional cooperation policies under top-down socioeconomic development plans and bottom-up technology development, accompanied by reduced emissions of air pollutants and CO2.

Spatiotemporal Differentiation and Driving Mechanism of Coupling Coordination between New-Type Urbanization and Ecological Environment in China

The coupling coordination between new-type urbanization and ecological environment is important for regional sustainable development in China. This study proposes an evaluation index system of new urbanization and ecological environment, and adopts a coupling coordination degree model and a spatial error model to explore the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of the coupling coordination degrees of new-type urbanization and ecological environment in 31 provinces of China from 2010 to 2019. The results show spatiotemporal differences in the overall coupling coordination degree, which has shifted from a mild disorder stage to a near disorder stage over the study period. The spatial distribution of the coupling coordination degrees by province has shifted over time from a pattern of low in the middle and high in both east and west regions to a pattern of stepwise decreasing from east, middle to west regions. The spatial correlation of the coupling coordination degrees is gradually weakening over time. Regional economic development, social security, technological progress, industrial structure, and education input can all contribute to inject strong impetus to the coupled and coordinated development of the two systems. As the development of impetus is still insufficient, it is suggested to pay attention to local conditions, strengthen inter-regional cooperation, and strengthen the superposition effect of multiple driving forces.

Quality improvement and patient safety in China, present andfuture.

With continued political support and increased health financing, China has achieved great progress in medical and health quality during the two decades. The strategy to improve health in China is built on reliable cross-sectoral information and data sharing along with quality improvement science and safety analytics balancing equitability, accessibility, quality outcomes, and safety in healthcare for everyone. As part of the healthcare system, pediatric anesthesiology has made great efforts to align with the China healthcare strategy to achieve quality outcomes, accessibility, and patient safety, but it still faces many problems such as unbalanced regional development, lack of awareness and relevant knowledge, and increased workload due to insufficient number of anesthesiologists. To address these problems, the Chinese Society of Anesthesiology and Chinese Society for Pediatric Anesthesiology supported by the Chinese hospital associations are strengthening interregional cooperation and international collaboration. In our experience, quality improvement can be successfully implemented at major centers through collaboration with experienced international institutions. In turn, the major centers educate and collaborate with the district hospitals to empower local improvements in safety and quality. Since the science in QI and patient safety is relatively new to anesthesiology in China, such collaborations must be greatly scaled up to reach the large geography and patient population in China. While the future is promising, there is still a long way to go.

Russia’s Relations with the Countries of Latin America at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Four Levels of Interstate Interaction

Abstract This article examines the main stages in the development of relations between Russia and Latin America from 2000 to 2022. The research covers the entire set of bilateral cooperation between Russia and Latin American countries, and the internal and external factors influencing their evolution. The article presents the author’s view of interstate interactions from two perspectives – the foreign policy of Russia, and the national and international objectives of leading Latin American countries. The author concludes that for Russian foreign policy in the 21st century, all the countries of this region can be divided into four conditional groups: traditional partners, ideological allies, trade partners, and low priority states. This mapping of the region can explain the peculiarities of the formation of dialogue between Moscow and Latin American countries, and the possibilities and limits of interstate and interregional cooperation.

Network Approach to the Digital Innovation Hub as an Ecosystem Supporting the Digital Transformation of Enterprises in a Region

The study aims to examine the two-mode network of digital innovation hubs (DIH) operating in Poland, understood as ecosystems and competence centers, to support the digital transformation of enterprises in a region. Digital Innovation Hub is also one of the S3 Smart Specialization Platform mapping tools and identifying areas of economic specialization of regions, aimed at facilitating interregional cooperation and creating partnerships between different actors across Europe. While the functions and goals of DIH are more and more often presented in national and regional development documents, little is known about the network structure of DIHs operating in a given country (region) and in the European Union. The study used structured and secondary Smart Specialization Platform data, which allows the creation of two-mode relationship networks and shows how interrelated the studied DIHs and digital technologies they use are. Based on the social network analysis and network metrics (centrality, density, and network projection) integrated into programs such as UCINET and ORA-PRO, the visualization and measurement of the network structure of two-mode networks (actor x technology ATij) as well as its projection into actor x actor (AAij) and technology x technology (TTij) networks were created. The results show 15 DIHs or actors (A) and 29 technologies (T), each of which a given DIH offers to show primarily influential DIHs and digital technologies as well as the areas of cooperation. DIHs are a promising and still little explored area of interest for researchers worldwide. The article is the first attempt to investigate the network structure of DIHs operating in Poland and their relations to technologies.

Integrated Development of the Yangtze River Delta Region: Status, Problems and Optimization

The Yangtze River Delta region is a region with one of the highest degrees of regional integrations in China, and the prosperous growth of this area has a significant bearing on China’s economic progress. In recent years, China’s development has faced drastic changes in the global development environment in the general environment of reverse globalization and post-epidemic era, in this regard, China has put forward the development strategy of internal and external double circulation based on the domestic grand circulation, which further requires the rapid development of regional integration to reduce the barriers to factor flow within the existing domestic administrative regions and promote the formation of a large market; promote the contraction and restructuring of industrial chains and supply chains to enhance their security and adaptability in the face of environmental changes. This paper concludes the development and current problems of regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta, including the inadequate oversight and appraisal mechanisms and guarantees mechanisms for interregional cooperation, the lack of integration of dual chains, the urgent need to enhance the construction of ecofriendly ecological sustainability, and a proposal.

Medical informatics and digital health multilingual ontology (MIMO): A tool to improve international collaborations

BackgroundEven if English is the leading language for international communication, it is essential to keep in mind that research runs at the local level by local teams generally communicating in their local/national language, especially in Europe among European projects. ObjectiveTherefore, the European Federation for Medical Informatics - Working Group on Health Informatics for Inter-regional Cooperation” has one objective: To develop a multilingual ontology focusing on Health Informatics and Digital Health as a collaboration tool that improves international and, in particular, European collaborations. ResultsWe have developed the Medical Informatics and Digital Health Multilingual Ontology (MIMO). Hosted on the Health Terminology/Ontology Portal (HeTOP), MIMO contains around 1,000 concepts, 460 MeSH Descriptors, 220 MeSH Concepts, and more than 300 newly created concepts. MIMO is continuously updated to comprise as recent as possible concepts and their translations in more than 30 languages. Moreover, the MIMO’s development team constantly improves MIMO content and supporting information. Thus, during workshop discussions and one-on-one exchanges, the MIMO team has collected domain experts’ opinions about the community’s interests and suggestions for future enhancements. Moreover, MIMO will be integrated to support the annotation and categorization of research products into the HosmartAI European project involving more than 20 countries around Europe and worldwide. ConclusionMIMO is hosted by HeTOP (Health Terminology/Ontology Portal), which integrates 100 terminologies and ontologies in 55 languages. MIMO is freely available online. MIMO is portable to other knowledge platforms as part of MIMO’s main aims to facilitate communication between medical librarians, translators, and researchers as well as to support students’ self-learning.

Structural characteristics of China's COVID-19 patent cooperation network at the province, city, and patent applicant levels.

The Chinese Plan has provided an important model for the global fight against COVID-19 since its outbreak. The present study describes the structural characteristics of China's COVID-19 patent cooperation network at the province, city, and applicant levels by using social network analysis based on data from the Incopat global patent database since 2020, which helps to clarify the current technology accumulation in this field in China, and provide patent information support for the scientific efforts to fight against COVID-19. The findings are as follows: First, the inter-regional cooperation level in China's COVID-19 patent cooperation network shows a decreasing trend from eastern to central to western regions. At the inter-applicant cooperation level, kinship-based cooperation is the strongest, business-based cooperation has the widest scope, while proximity-based cooperation exists throughout these two main models of cooperation. Second, coastal provinces and cities occupy a core position in the network, and play an important role in utilizing structural holes and bridging. Patent applicants with high centrality are mostly firms. Research institutes and universities mainly play the role of bridges. Third and lastly, there is no large number of cliques at the province and city levels. However, there is a tendency for cliques to develop at the applicant level. Hence, actions are needed to prevent the development of information barriers.

Instrumen Hukum Administrasi terhadap Pengelolaan Berdimensi Kearifan Lokal pada Kawasan Kaldera Toba

The purpose of this study is to determine the management of local wisdom in the Toba Caldera area in a review of administrative law. The method used in this research is descriptive, explanatory and juridical normative. This research was conducted in the Toba Caldera area, North Sumatra. In maintaining and preserving cultural values, customs and local wisdom, including the village of Turpuk in the formation of inter-regional cooperation based on Regional Regulations which were enhanced through Law no. 23 of 2014 in article 369 which states that cooperation is needed for efficiency and effectiveness of government administration. Then the arrangement of the Lake Toba area is very necessary to change the attitude shift from Anthropocentric to Ecocracy.