Interpretive Methodology Research Articles

Inference and reading comprehension in university students

Purpose: The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between inference and reading comprehension. We sought to verify the relationship between inductive and deductive inferences in the comprehensive reading of Daniel Alcides Carrión National University Peru students majoring in communication and literature. Design/Methodology/Approach: The correlational-explanatory research design was used since the correlation of the study variables was sought through scientific and specifically analytical, deductive and interpretive methodology on a population of 104 and the probabilistic sample of 83 students. Similarly, a 20-item questionnaire was used through survey, observation and recording techniques to collect the information. Therefore, the research was developed using a basic quantitative approach. Findings: The result of the study allowed us to obtain a correlation coefficient of 0.215 which was positive but moderate according to Spearman's Rho statistical statistician. Conclusion: The process of inductive and deductive inferences is related to the reading comprehension of university students. Therefore, reading strategies must be implemented in university training institutions to develop inferences in a relevant way. Practical Implications: The result of the study will allow university training centers to develop the inference process in the academic training of students. Contribution to the Literature: Information is contributed about the theoretical underpinnings of inference and reading comprehension in this study.

ABCs unravelled: The time and timing in calls for behavioural change

District School Boards across the Global North (which includes my own school board in Toronto, Canada) implement behaviour management policies that remain situated within discourses and practices of developmental and behavioural psychology. The ABC chart (Antecedent, Behaviour and Consequence) is one key aspect of these behaviour management policies as it aims to document the timing, frequency, intensity and duration of behaviour characterized as problematic or troublesome. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the ABC chart utilized by classroom teachers across K-12 school settings in order to document behaviour. Understood as a socio-cultural artifact and phenomenon of current neoliberal schooling practices, I seek to investigate the role of ABC charts in sustaining practices of conditional inclusion/exclusion for children and youth labeled as ‘problems.’ Using an interpretive methodology situated within critical disability studies and anti-colonial theories and practices, this paper will engage in the application of concepts such as being “out of sync” ( Knight, 2019 : p. 74) and “misfitting” ( Garland-Thomson, 2011 : p. 592) as they intersect with concepts such as “the ability line” ( Broderick and Leonardo, 2016 : p. 66). A key aim of this paper is to question the taken for granted assumptions regarding conceptions of linear time, developmental progress and, achieving the performance of normative behaviour. In examining the implicit power imbalances in practices of documenting behaviour, this paper also invites educators to engage in a critical dialogue in order to facilitate a transformation into more interdependent and socially just teaching and learning practices.

To Construe a Constitution: Constitutional Pluralism

The article explores the methodology of constitutional interpretation proposed by constitutional pluralism as one of the forms of ‘living’ constitutionalism. The article analyzes the main arguments of constitutional pluralism, then goes on to examine the conceptual structure of the debate between ‘living’ constitutionalism and originalism, and proceeds to investigate the importance of the two approaches to constitutional interpretation for Lithuanian legal scholarship. The article does not propose to choose one or the other theory to be adopted to construe the meaning of the Lithuanian Constitution. The article supports the idea of creating new theories of constitutional interpretation, theories that would combine the main elements of the two approaches to constitutional interpretation.

Stakeholders’ perspective on the development of a virtual clinic for patients with spinal cord injury: a qualitative study

Purpose This study aims to explore the priorities, preferences, and feedback of multiple healthcare professionals to inform the future development of virtual clinics for community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Ontario, Canada. Methods Interpretive description methodology was used to guide our exploration. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 expert healthcare professionals (HCPs) involved in the care of patients with SCI. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interview transcripts were then analyzed using a six-phase thematic analysis approach. Results HCPs perceived virtual care to improve access to care over the long term, particularly to those living in rural areas, as well as increase connections between different providers. However, participants highlighted that in-person care is still required for management of severe SCI-related sequelae that can be life-threatening, such as pressure ulcers, spasticity, respiratory issues, and bowel and bladder complications. Conclusion Our findings can be used to inform policymakers, HCPs, and stakeholders involved with SCI rehabilitation when establishing a virtual clinic for patients with SCI. Results of this study found that policymakers and HCPs should consider hybridized (blend of virtual and in-person) healthcare and uptake of multidisciplinary approaches within the virtual healthcare systems.

An approach of 2D convolutional neural network–based seismic data fault interpretation with linear annotation and pixel thinking

AbstractThis article introduces an improved method for geological fault interpretation utilizing a 2D convolutional neural network approach with a focus on coalbed horizons, dealing with the problem as an image classification task. At the beginning, linear annotations, reflecting geological fault features, are applied to multiple seismic sections. By considering texture differences between fault and non‐fault areas, we construct samples that represent these distinct zones for training deep neural networks. Initially, fault annotations are transformed into single dots to facilitate pixel‐based processing. To depict a specific dot's geological structure, we employ a matrix clipped around the point, determined by a combination of range and step parameters. Convolutional layers generate filters equivalent to seismic data transformation, streamlining the need for analysis and selection of seismic attributes. The article discusses enhancing the efficiency of 2D convolutional neural network–based fault interpretation by optimizing sample selection, data extraction and model construction procedures. Through the incorporation of data from two mining areas (totalling 27.09 km2) in sample creation, the overall accuracy exceeds 0.99. Recognition extends seamlessly to unlabelled sections, showcasing the innovative technical route and methodology of fault interpretation with linear annotation and pixel‐based thinking. This study presents a method that integrates planar and raster thinking, transitioning from vision‐oriented geological structure annotation to algorithm‐oriented pixel location. The proposed 2D convolutional neural network–based matrix‐oriented fault/non‐fault binary classification demonstrates feasibility and reproducibility, offering a new automated approach for fault detection in coalbeds through convolutional neural network algorithms.

Navigating Spaces of Belonging: Undergraduate Nursing Students' Experiences in Online Learning Environments.

The aim of the study was to explore undergraduate nursing students' experiences of belonging while studying online during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of online learning platforms increased drastically during the pandemic. Limited research exists on nursing students' experiences of belonging while studying online. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used for this study. This article reports on phase two, the qualitative component, which employed interpretive description methodology to understand nursing students' experiences. Ten semistructured interviews were completed, and four themes were identified: factors contributing to students' sense of belonging online, navigating the online learning environment, creating safe online spaces during times of uncertainty, and students' vision of developing a sense of belonging online. Fostering nursing students' sense of belonging is critical to their retention, persistence, and overall academic success when learning online.

Maintaining psychological well-being when living at risk of Huntington's disease: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Living at risk of a genetically inherited disease can be a challenging experience causing psychological distress as well as the possibility of the genetic disease leading to physical health problems. Huntington's disease (HD) is a genetic, neurodegenerative condition. It causes motor dysfunction, cognitive decline and, during the progression of the disease, different psychological difficulties are common. A total of 12 participants living at risk of HD were interviewed and interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology was used to understand their experiences of maintaining psychological well-being. This resulted in three themes: (1) "you're constantly in limbo": living in two worlds; (2) "I have to live, just bloody live": managing the possibility of a time-limited lifespan; and (3) "I try and try my hardest to look past the disease": the exhausting quest to keep living well. The findings indicated a need for improved knowledge within professional settings, such as for family doctors, counselors, and other health professionals, specific strategies that genetic counselors can use to support this group, and provision of accessible support and implementation of systemic interventions that would offer support for psychological coping strategies and communication around well-being to the individual and their family unit. Future research could contribute to the formation of such knowledge and the provision of HD-aligned services to help support the psychological well-being of people living at risk of HD.

Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Evolving Perspectives and Long-Term Implications.

Cardiovascular illnesses remain the primary cause of death, accounting for at least 17.9 million fatalities per year and posing a significant public health problem because of its extensive predominance and effect on healthcare systems. The etiology of cardiovascular disease is complex and involves several environmental and lifestyle factors. Alcohol use is a highly important determinant because of its dual-edged effect on cardiovascular health. Multiple studies indicate that moderate alcohol consumption may have certain advantages, such as slight enhancements in lipid profiles. Conversely, excessive alcohol intake is associated with serious negative consequences, including cardiomyopathy, hypertension, arrhythmias, and even mortality. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the several effects of alcohol on cardiovascular health and their understanding within the medical field over time. It uses an interpretative narrative review methodology and analyzes studies that focus on genetic risk factors, gender differences, and shifts in paradigms in recent years. This article highlights the need for obtaining a thorough understanding of the effects of alcohol on cardiovascular health to support public health guidelines and clinical practice, and it underscores the significance of including alcohol consumption into the broader context of cardiovascular risk management and identifies important subjects for further study.

Physiotherapy experiences of injured immigrant workers in Quebec: an intersectional perspective.

Immigrant workers are more likely to suffer work-related injuries compared to native-born Canadians. Their physical rehabilitation usually involves physiotherapy. This study sought to better understand the experiences of injured immigrant workers receiving compensation and physiotherapy treatments. We conducted a qualitative study using an interpretive descriptive methodology. Semi-structured interviews were completed with 10 compensated immigrant workers about the physiotherapy services they received. Transcripts were analyzed thematically and with an intersectional lens. Two major themes were identified: 1) complex pathways to physiotherapy, and 2) key pillars of physiotherapy experiences. The first theme demonstrates that a lack of familiarity with the health and compensation systems, delayed access to physiotherapy, and cumulative burdens complicate the care of immigrant workers. The second theme shows that moral/emotional support, pain relief, and the recognition of sociocultural beliefs and fears are key aspects to improving the experiences of care for these workers. This study offers new insights into physiotherapy in the context of a work injury, which may help physiotherapists adapt care to the complex needs of immigrant workers. The intersectional lens used in the analysis offers interesting ways of accounting for the multiple social identities of these workers.

From constructive to critical and everywhere in between: education leaders' decision-making related to harsh feedback from learners about their teachers.

Feedback from learners is important to support faculty development, but negative feedback can harm teachers' motivation, engagement, and retention. Leaders of educational programs, therefore, need to balance enabling students' voices to be heard with maintaining teachers' enthusiasm and commitment to teaching. Given the paucity of research to explain or guide this struggle, we explored why and how education leaders grapple with negative learner feedback received about their teachers. Using an Interpretive Description methodology, 11 education leaders participated in semi-structured interviews. Discussion was stimulated by showing participants learner narratives they had previously asked to be deleted because they perceived the narrative to be overly critical. Transcripts were iteratively analyzed as codes were developed, refined, and combined into themes. Education leaders interpreted the scope, framing, and focus of the feedback to decide whether it was overly critical. Such determinations were combined with contextual considerations such as the teacher's personal circumstances, the learning environment and how the teacher might react to think through what potential damage the feedback might do to the teacher. Throughout the process, leaders struggled with whether protecting teachers risked not protecting learners and remained unsure about the ethics of censoring student voices. Our study offers direction regarding how to optimize feedback to teachers while minimizing risks inherent in sharing negative feedback with them. Implications include that there is value in: (1) extending feedback interpretation support to teachers, education leaders and learners; (2) situating upward feedback in a coaching dialogue; and, (3) applying the same principles recommended for the provision of feedback to learners, to teachers.

A Qualitative Study of Factors Perceived to Influence Physical Activity among Young Athletes after ACL Reconstruction.

Despite evidence of alarming declines in physical activity levels after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), very little is known about how young athletes perceive their experiences with engagement in sports and physical activity in the years following ACLR. The purpose of this study was to answer the research question, "what are the lived experiences and perceptions of factors that facilitate or hinder physical activity among young athletes following ACLR?". Qualitative Study. Ten participants were included in this qualitative study at a median of 5.9 (4.3-10.2) years after adolescent ACLR. Using an interpretive phenomenological methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant. Data collection focused on participants' lived experiences related to physical activity participation in the years after ACLR. Iterative coding with two independent coders and a peer debriefing process were used to identify themes from the data. Factors perceived to influence physical activity after ACLR spanned all levels of the socioecological framework. Three overarching themes were generated during thematic analysis: 1) navigation of barriers (common obstacles, injury-related limitations, unique adaptations), 2) movement motives (ingrained desire to move, external motivators, internal motivation), and 3) movement mindset (envisions for future physical activity, perceived impact of injury, belief in the power of sports). The themes identified in this study indicate that the adolescent ACLR experience has the potential to significantly influence one's physical activity into young adulthood, both positively and negatively. These findings serve as an important foundation for future studies to explore the psychological and environmental factors identified as important to one's physical activity participation in the years following adolescent ACLR. Level 3.

Expectativas de gênero em campanhas: a incorporação do feminino na representação visual do masculino

Abstract This paper investigates the use of gender stereotypes during the primary presidential campaigns of 2022 in Brazil. Employing an interpretative visual methodology, the study analyzes 14 images that were sourced from the Instagram profiles of the two main candidates. The objective of the study is to explore the role of masculine and feminine elements within the candidates’ campaign aesthetics. We argue that feminine signifiers are discernible in the visual portrayal of both male candidates, contributing to a larger general trend in the political realm of softening authority figures.

Opting out of cardiac rehabilitation in local community healthcare services: Patients'perspectives and reflections.

Despite cardiac rehabilitation and medical treatment being integrated parts of the pathway of patients with cardiovascular disease, as well as the well-establish positive effect, cardiac rehabilitation remains underutilised. In recent years, cardiac rehabilitation has increasingly been moved from the hospitals to the community healthcare services. This transition may be challenging for patients with cardiovascular disease. To investigate reflections and perspectives of patients opting out of cardiac rehabilitation in community healthcare services to improve participation and adherence to cardiac rehabilitation in the future. A total of eight patients opting out of cardiac rehabilitation participated in individual interviews. Opting out of cardiac rehabilitation is defined as never enroled or did not complete cardiac rehabilitation. The Interpretive Description methodology was used in the analysis where two themes and six subthemes were identified: (1) 'Structural and organisational factors' with three subthemes; Being a patient in the healthcare system, Enroling into CR when it is meaningful, and Getting back to work is vital, and (2) 'Patients'internal factors' with three subthemes; Feeling a desire to regain control, Seeing yourself as recovered, and Being aware of own needs. The analysis indicates that patients'decision to opt out of CR was multidimensional and based on a combination of factors. Ensuring that the healthcare professionals in the community have sufficient information regarding the patient and a clear communication plan between the healthcare professionals and the patient may reduce the transition causing confusion and frustrations for patients. Incorporating a vocational element in CR and ensuring that employers understand the importance of CR may hamper returning to work as a challenge to CR. Ensuring timely CR referral and enrolment and a transition coordinator may reduce the challenge of patients not viewing CR as meaningful. However, further studies are needed to fully understand how CR could become meaningful for patients opting out of CR.

Jejak-Jejak Tertulis: Sejarah Pembukuan Hadis Dalam Islam

This study examines the development, controversy, and influence of hadith bookkeeping in the Islamic tradition from early times to modern contexts. Hadith, as the second source in the Islamic religious hierarchy after the Quran, played an important role in directing religious practice, the establishment of Islamic law, and understanding of the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as well as the early period of Islam. Although it began soon after the death of the Prophet, the process of bookkeeping hadith has been marred by controversies surrounding authority, reliability, and methodology. These controversies include the validity of hadiths, the reliability of narrators, selection criteria, and methodologies of interpretation, as well as political and ideological influences in the bookkeeping process. Through a qualitative approach with literature studies, this study analyzes patterns, themes, and arguments that arise in literature related to history, methodology, and controversy in hadith bookkeeping. The results showed that hadith bookkeeping had a significant role in the development of Islamic thought and practice, despite methodological debates. Hadith bookkeeping remains an important cornerstone in the Islamic tradition, and the advice for the future is to maintain the quality and integrity of the hadith bookkeeping process and pay attention to various perspectives in interpreting and applying hadith in a contemporary context.

Exploring the perceptions of senior medical students on gender and pain: a qualitative study of the interplay between formal and hidden curricula

ObjectiveExplore the perceptions of senior medical students on the relationship between gender and pain and examine how formal and hidden curricula in medical education shape their experiences.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional...

Scientific habilty by using DNA and robotic activities in the science class

Educational robotics as an area of pedagogy is a discipline whose objective is the development of robotic prototypes that support the learning of natural sciences, demonstrating its potential as a didactic proposal that integrates technology into transdisciplinary thinking favoring digital thinking in the 21st century, in which we can mention scientific ability and the development of solutions to problems that favor scientific thinking. This educational research aims to connect the fields of chemistry and biology with the growing technology of educational robotics. A descriptive interpretive methodology was applied to a group of 80 high school students; They conducted experimental activities such as extracting DNA from tomatoes and observing the stages of mitosis in onion apical meristems. After observing the chromosomes in a microscope, the students use an augmented reality application, contrasting the information and creating a robotic model with recyclable material, programmed using the open-source ap-plication Arduino. No significant differences were found during the development of the activities between public and private schools, showing that 90% of the students obtained the DNA and 67% managed to develop robotic programming activities.

Perceptions of menstrual cycle tracking among elite rugby players

ABSTRACT The purpose of the current study was to understand female rugby players’ perceptions of menstrual cycle (MC) tracking and identify the impact of MC tracking for the players. Interpretive descriptive methodology was adopted. Interviews were conducted with 12 elite female rugby players (age 25.2 ± 4.3 years), who were all naturally menstruating. Data were analysed following the four stages recommended within Interpretive Description. Results identified that athletes obtain personal benefits from MC tracking by; enhancing understanding of their MC and symptoms, and responding to their MC and symptoms. Athletes also reported that the process of tracking their MC enhanced relationships by; improving communication and interactions with coaches and support staff, and by facilitating team support. Specifically, using tracking increased the opportunities for open conversations with coaches, support staff and teammates regarding their MC. Overall, the findings highlight benefits of menstrual cycle tracking within this group of naturally menstruating rugby players, particularly in helping players and coaches understand the individual nature of the MC, engage in conversations, and establish support from teammates.

Contemporary Approaches to Qur'anic Hermeneutics

The problem in this study focuses on the significant changes in Qur'ānic hermeneutics in the modern era, where traditional approaches are often considered inadequate in addressing contemporary issues. This discrepancy creates a need for a more contextualized and inclusive approach to interpretation. This study aims to analyze the transformation of Qur'ānic hermeneutics and offer a more contextual approach without ignoring traditional values. The research used a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review design. The research subjects comprised 15 Muslim scholars and scholars involved in contemporary Qur'anic interpretation. Data were collected through document analysis and in-depth interviews, using an interview guide as an instrument. Data analysis was conducted through content and thematic analysis approaches. The results showed that the contemporary hermeneutic approach is more adaptive to modern social and cultural changes, enriching a more inclusive and contextual interpretation methodology. This study concludes that the transformation of Qur'anic hermeneutics offers interpretations more relevant to the challenges of the times. The implication of this research shows the need for a flexible hermeneutical method to support Muslims' understanding in the modern context.

An interpretable machine learning methodology to generate interaction effect hypotheses from complex datasets

AbstractMachine learning (ML) models are increasingly being used in decision‐making, but they can be difficult to understand because most ML models are black boxes, meaning that their inner workings are not transparent. This can make interpreting the results of ML models and understanding the underlying data‐generation process (DGP) challenging. In this article, we propose a novel methodology called Simple Interaction Finding Technique (SIFT) that can help make ML models more interpretable. SIFT is a data‐ and model‐agnostic approach that can be used to identify interaction effects between variables in a dataset. This can help improve our understanding of the DGP and make ML models more transparent and explainable to a wider audience. We test the proposed methodology against various factors (such as ML model complexity, dataset noise, spurious variables, and variable distributions) to assess its effectiveness and weaknesses. We show that the methodology is robust against many potential problems in the underlying dataset as well as ML algorithms.

Developing leadership competencies for genomics integration through globally networked learning and education.

To describe the implementation and evaluation of an education strategy called the globally networked learning-genomics (GNL-G) used in Master's courses in Canada and Finland. The study focused on the feasibility and effectiveness of GNL-G in developing leadership competencies for integrating genomics into practice. Interpretive description qualitative methodology was used to explore how GNL-G, global exchanges and assignments standardized with the Assessment of Strategies to Integrate Genomics in Nursing (ASIGN) tool influenced competency development. The Reporting Item Standards for Education and its Evaluation in Genomics (RISE2 Genomics) framework guided the design, implementation, evaluation, and reporting of GNL-G. Data included one-to-one interviews, written assignments, and reflections. Interviews and assignment data from three cohorts of students for a total of ten Canadian and 11 Finnish master's students participated in this study. The ASIGN Tool played a crucial role in facilitating students' analysis of their practice context and the development of leadership strategies. Participation in GNL-G enhanced students' confidence to lead efforts to integrate genomics, irrespective of their genomics expertise. Engagement with global peers emphasized the importance of incorporating equity, ethics, and social justice into leadership strategies for genomics integration. The GNL-G strategy enhanced leadership competencies for genomics integration in graduate students from Canada and Finland. The ASIGN Tool and global peer collaboration highlight the importance of innovative educational methods in preparing leaders for the complexities of genomics in healthcare.