Interpretive Criteria Research Articles

ПІДХОДИ ДО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ РІВНЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ГРАМОТНОСТІ УКРАЇНЦІВ ЗАСОБАМИ БІЗНЕС-ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ

According to the results of an empirical study using a sociological survey method, it was established that Ukrainians are oriented towards receiving information from various digital platforms (92 %). Business topics in the structure of daily information consumption take third place according to the recognition of 43 % of respondents, military (69 %) and entertainment (50 %) are more popular. It was found that more than 91 % of respondents have little or limited knowledge of financial literacy and only 3 % of 138 respondents feel knowledgeable and prepared. Among the main problems in the perception of business information, which limits contact with it: the complexity of the presentation, the accumulation of numerical data, the use of difficult-to-understand terminology. Instead, the interviewees expressed the need for a simplified explanation of the subject of the material (46 %), illustration with specific examples (32 %), integration of the message with social platforms, which naturally updates the infotainment toolkit (16 %). Based on the expectations of the audience, promising recommendations for authors of media content on economic topics are proposed, including: the need to simplify professional concepts, avoid jargon, complex theories without explanation; visualization, as an irreplaceable criterion for interpretation and approximation of the subject of presentation; use of interactive digital platforms; initiation of educational columns, projects, thematic blogs, audio podcasts, selections, digital almanacs dedicated to economic literacy in the media; activities in social networks, systematic educational work in the format of infographics, Stories, Reels; stimulating critical thinking of your audience; use of the principle of convergence of interests, localization of global problems; polyphony of feedback possibilities. An educational infographic has been developed to explain certain aspects of the financial and economic sector that users encounter in everyday life.

Amyloid PET Imaging: Standard Procedures and Semiquantification.

Amyloid plaques are a neuropathologic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which can be imaged through positron emission tomography (PET) technology using radiopharmaceuticals that selectively bind to the fibrillar aggregates of amyloid-β plaques (Amy-PET). Several radiotracers for amyloid PET have been validated (11C-Pittsburgh compound B and the 18F-labeled compounds such as 18F-florbetaben, 18F-florbetapir, and 18F-flutemetamol). Images can be interpreted by means of visual/qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative criteria. Here, we summarize the main differences between the available radiotracers for Amy-PET, the proposed interpretation criteria, and main proposed quantification methods.

Role of radiologists in the diagnosis and management of adrenal disorders.

This study aimed to focus on the role of radiologists in the diagnosis and management of adrenal lesions, particularly primary aldosteronism (PA) and secondary hypertension. As hypertension affects more than one-third of the population in Japan, identifying secondary causes such as PA and adrenal lesions is crucial. Establishing a radiological differential diagnosis of adrenal lesions using advanced imaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, is crucial. Knowledge of the imaging findings of various benign and malignant adrenal lesions, such as adrenocortical adenomas, cortisol-producing lesions, pheochromocytomas, adrenocortical carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, and metastatic tumors, is necessary. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) plays a crucial role in accurately localizing aldosterone hypersecretion in PA, especially when imaging fails to provide a clear diagnosis. This paper details the technical aspects of AVS, emphasizing catheterization techniques, anatomical considerations, and the importance of preprocedural imaging for successful sampling. Furthermore, we explore segmental adrenal venous sampling (SAVS), a more refined technique that samples specific adrenal tributary veins, offering enhanced diagnostic accuracy, particularly for microadenomas or challenging cases that may be missed with conventional AVS. The methodology for performing SAVS, along with the interpretation criteria for successful sampling and lateralization, is also outlined. Furthermore, radiologists have initiated treatments for unilateral PA, such as radiofrequency ablation, and play an integral role in the management of adrenal lesions. Collaborative approaches across clinical departments are required to enhance patient management in medical care involving the adrenal gland.

Digitalization of Bale Kampoeng Radjoet SMEs Stock Opname Recording Systems based on Website with Waterfall Method

Bale Kampoeng Radjoet is an SME in Bandung that markets knitting products from 12 artisans. In the business process, recording product data is still done manually using a notebook. This has an impact on the stock opname process, namely the occurrence of product data discrepancies in the warehouse with records and difficulties in knowing product stock. These problems are caused by the absence of a system that helps record all product data. This is the basis for improving the stock opname recording system by digitalization, namely the use of a website-based information system. The development of the stock opname recording website uses the waterfall method, with system modeling using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). The system verification process uses blackbox testing and validation using User Acceptance Testing (UAT) which refers to ISO 25010. UAT results show the characteristics of functional suitability 89.33%, performance 92%, usability 91.2%, and reliability 93.33%. The results adjusted to the interpretation criteria show that the four characteristics are in the range of 81%-100%, which means that the website can be accepted by users because it fulfills user needs and can be run according to its function.

Frequency of thrombophilia-associated mutations and polymorphisms in pregnant women with a history of thrombosis or pregnancy complications

Abstract Objectives To assess the frequency of multiple thrombophilia-associated mutations and polymorphisms in a selected population of high-risk pregnancies. Methods Thrombophilia screening was performed for 1,500 pregnant women with prior pregnancy complications or thrombotic events. Nine thrombophilia-associated mutations or polymorphisms were screened: factor V Leiden, factor V H1299R, prothrombin G20210A, MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, factor XIII V34L, PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms, EPCR G4600A, EPCR C4678G. Results Out of the 1,500 patients, 1,291 fulfilled the criteria for data interpretation. All patients had low-risk thrombophilia-associated genetic variants. Only 1.24 % of cases presented high-risk abnormalities (homozygous factor V Leiden/prothrombin G20210A, or both mutations in heterozygous form). Heterozygous factor V Leiden occurred in 10.38 % of cases, while only 5.81 % carried heterozygous prothrombin G20210A mutation. The frequency of prothrombin G20210A mutation was higher (10.37 %) in the subgroup associating factor V Leiden, than in the subgroup lacking it (5.36 %). Low-risk genetic variants occurred with a higher frequency: 23.78 % factor V H1299R, 57.32 % MTHFR C677T, 55.54 % MTHFR A1298C, 44.07 % factor XIII V34L, 73.20 % PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms, 69.64 % EPCR G4600A, and 69.63 % EPCR C4678G. Conclusions All patients had at least one prothrombotic genetic mutation or variant. Our data highlight the need for thrombophilia screening, including low-risk genetic variants, in a high-risk population of pregnant women with a history of pregnancy complications or thrombotic events.

Effect of the technical variability of counting chambers upon the interpretation of sperm concentration results

Research questionDoes the choice of sperm-counting chamber affect the proportion of samples generating results with an erroneous interpretation? DesignLaboratories in an external quality assurance programme were sent 141 semen samples over a 12-year period and asked to return the sperm concentration and whether or not the result was abnormal. Only those using 5th edition of the World Health Organization manual (WHO5) interpretation criteria were included. Submissions from specialist fertility laboratories were used to calculate assigned values for each sample. Laboratory50 values determined the sperm concentration at which the laboratories reported a majority transition from abnormal to normal interpretations, i.e. the tipping point, which should coincide with the lower reference limit. ResultsThe median and range of bias from the assigned values of each sample were determined for the Makler (–3.3%; –88.6% to +332.8%), haemocytometer (10.6%; –93.3% to +645.5%), Kova (+65.3%; –71.7% to +581.8%) and Vetriplast (+72.4%; –100.0% to +709.1) chambers. Laboratory50 values for the Makler (17.3 × 106/ml), haemocytometer (13.6 × 106/ml), Kova (10.0 × 106/ml) and Vetriplast chambers (8.8 × 106/ml) reflected the under- and overestimation of the chambers and confirmed a shift in the adjusted lower reference limit then used. The proportion of laboratories reporting erroneous interpretations of the four chambers for oligozoospermic samples were 10.9%, 15.1.%, 40.1% and 44.0%, respectively, and rose as the adjusted lower reference limit decreased. ConclusionsThe between-laboratory and within-sample variation for all the chambers was high and remains a concern. The main impact of an increasing bias of the chambers was a lowering of the laboratory50 tipping point, resulting in an under-reporting of abnormal semen samples.

Improved classification and pathogenicity assessment by comprehensive functional studies in a large data set of KCNQ2 variants

AimsThe paucity of functional annotations on hundreds of KCNQ2 variants impedes the diagnosis and treatment of KCNQ2-related disorders. The aims of this work were to determine the functional properties of 331 clinical KCNQ2 variants, interpreted the pathogenicity of 331 variants using functional data，and explored the association between homomeric channel functions and phenotypes. Main methodsWe collected 145 KCNQ2 variants from 232 epilepsy patients and 186 KCNQ2 missense variants from the ClinVar database. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was used to classify the function of 331 variants. Subsequently, we proposed 24 criteria for the pathogenicity interpretation of KCNQ2 variants and used them to assess pathogenicity of 331 variants. Finally, we analyzed the clinical phenotypes of patients carrying these variants, and explored the correlations between functional mechanisms and phenotypes. Key findingsIn the homozygous state, 287 were classified as loss-of-function and 14 as gain-of-function. In the more clinically relative heterozygous state, 200 variants exhibited functional impairment, 121 of which showed dominant-negative effects on wild-type KCNQ2 subunits. After introducing functional data as strong-level evidence to interpret pathogenicity, over half of variants (169/331) were reclassified and 254 were classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic. Moreover, dominant-negative effect and haploinsufficiency were identified as primary mechanisms in DEE/ID and SeLNE, respectively. The degree of impairment of channel function correlated with the phenotype severity. SignificanceOur study reveals the possible cause of KCNQ2-related disorders at the molecular level, provides compelling evidence for clinical classification of KCNQ2 variants, and expands the knowledge of correlations between functional mechanisms and phenotypes.

A Review of Cross-Hole Ultrasonic Logging for Foundation Integrity Testing and its Evaluation Criteria

Since the concrete quality of cast in-situ foundation is crucial, the cross-hole ultrasonic logging (CSL) method has become an effective method to assess the homogeneity and integrity of concrete without being limited by the pile length or soil type. Although the testing procedure for CSL is well defined by test standards including ASTM, the interpretation and evaluation criteria of CSL testing results, in contrast, are not well defined and controlled by uniform standards. The current state of practice recorded the application of different rating criteria with different parameters applied for foundations acceptance evaluation. A task force formed by Deep Foundations Institute (DFI) in 2019 has proposed improved rating criteria for CSL results evaluation with the vision of standardized and uniform evaluation criteria in the future. This paper summarizes the current practice of the CSL method and compares the commonly used rating criteria with the currently proposed improved criteria.

Criteria for assessing interpretation from the textual and speech aspects perspectives

The comparative analysis of a range of interpretation assessment scales and criteria that focus on textual, speech and behavioural aspects has helped identify the core area of interpretation assessment criteria, which includes the parameters concerned with the faithfulness of meaning transfer and the quality of target language production, as well as phonologic aspects of interpreter speech, including prosody, the latter two subsumed under the rubric “Delivery” in the aforementioned scales and sets of criteria. Two professional interpreter performance assessment scales have been analyzed from the point of view of the criteria of assessment presented therein. Various other interpretation assessment instruments were further studied to identify the core area of interpretation assessment criteria − the criteria found across the selection of the assessment instruments − and the variable area − those that are found in some of the assessment instruments included in this study. As shown by our comparative analysis, apart from the criteria relating to meaning transfer, target language quality, and phonology that form the core area of interpretation assessment criteria, this area also includes the parameters concerned with such phenomena as vocalized pauses, backtracking, self-corrections, repetitions, and false starts, the status of which within the area of interpretation assessment has not been fully defined. We propose that these core criteria be understood as breakdowns in the implementation of the speech programme. Aspects of an interpreter’s behaviour (kinesthetics, proxemics) that also come under the rubric “Delivery” in interpretation assessment criteria, however, form the variable zone alongside the parameters related to an interpreter’s unconscious mechanical behaviour.

Susceptibility Profile and Epidemiological Cut-Off Values Are Influenced by Serotype in Fish Pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae.

Streptococcus agalactiae is a major health concern in tilapia farming worldwide. In contrast to the availability of susceptibility profile results, interpretative criteria for disk diffusion assays and the influence of serotypes on resistance profiles are not available. To address this, sixty isolates (thirty of each serotype, Ib and III) were evaluated using the disk diffusion assay against six antibiotics, and the epidemiological cut-off value (ECV) was calculated. All the isolates were classified as non-wild type (NWT) for sulfamethoxazole (SUT) and norfloxacin (NOR). The inhibition zones for oxytetracycline (OXY) and doxycycline (DOX) were largely distinct; all serotype Ib and III isolates were classified as wild-type (WT) and NWT, respectively. The results for serotype III of fish group B Streptococcus (GBS) were comparable to the NWT tetracycline profile of human GBS available in EUCAST, suggesting the presence of resistance mechanisms in these fish isolates. The calculation of the cut-off wild type (COWT) values for OXY and DOX was appropriate for both serotypes. Differences between the distribution of florfenicol (FLO) and amoxicillin (AMO) were found, and we attribute this to the faster growth rate of serotype III, which promotes smaller inhibition zones. Therefore, using separate COWT for each serotype is necessary. In conclusion, the serotype of fish GBS affects its susceptibility profile, and it is recommended to use serotype-specific COWT values as interpretative criteria for disk diffusion assays against FLO and AMO.

Proficiency testing for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex using commercial broth microdilution plate in China in 2021

The characteristic and performance of Broth microdilution (BMD) plates for drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have not been systematically evaluated in China. This study was designed to review the key information and assess the performance of BMD plates by analysis of proficiency testing results. We retrospectively analysed the proficiency testing results of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (PT-DST) of 45 laboratories using BMD plates in China in 2021. Critical information, such as drug layout, concentration range of each drug, plate storage conditions and duration, operating procedures, and interpretation criteria for binary results were compared. The performance was also analysed. Eight types of BMD plates produced by four manufactures were reported. The drug layout, number of drugs on plates, and concentration range varied a lot between different plates. The total sensitivity and specificity of BMD plates for drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to ten drugs (isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), kanamycin (KAM), amikacin (AM), levofloxacin (LFX), moxifloxacin (MFX), bedaquiline (BDQ), linezolid (LZD), clofazimine (CFZ), and delamanid (DLM)) were 93.9% (95% CI 92.-94.9) and 99.1% (95% CI 98.8-99.3), respectively. The lowest sensitivity was 84.8% (95% CI 80.3-88.4) for LFX and 86.4% (95% CI 82.5-89.6) for MFX, or 87.5% (95% CI 84.2-90.2) for Y1 plate and 87.9% (95% CI 83.5-91.1) for T plate. The lowest specificity was 94.4% (95% CI 91.4-96.4) for DLM, or 97.9% (95% CI 96.8-98.7) for B3 plate. Commercial BMD plates in China showed varied drug layouts and operational procedures, indicating the urgency of standardization. The lower performance for some drugs showed the low quality of the plates utilized or lack of proficiency of lab staffs in operating and interpreting results.

A prospective observational study of nurses performing minimally invasive tissue sampling of brain, liver, and lung tissues among deceased neonates and stillbirths in Ethiopia.

With a neonatal mortality rate of 33 per 1,000 live births in 2019, Ethiopia is striving to attain the Sustainable Development Goal target of 12 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030. A better understanding of the major causes of neonatal mortality is needed to effectively design and implement interventions to achieve this goal. Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling (MITS), an alternative to conventional autopsy, requires fewer resources and through task-shifting of sample collection from pathologists to nurses, has the potential to support the expansion of pathology-based post-mortem examination and improve mortality data. This paper evaluates the accuracy and adequacy of MITS performed by nurses at a tertiary and general hospital and in the home of the deceased. Nurses in a tertiary and general hospital in Ethiopia were trained in MITS sample collection on neonatal deaths and stillbirths using standardized protocols. MITS sample collection was performed by both pathologists and nurses in the tertiary hospital and by nurses in the general hospital and home-setting. Agreement in the performance of MITS between pathologists and nurses was calculated for samples collected at the tertiary hospital. Samples collected by nurses in the general hospital and home-setting were evaluated for technical adequacy using preestablished criteria. One hundred thirty-nine MITS were done: 125 in hospitals and 14 inside homes. There was a perfect or almost perfect agreement between the pathologists and the nurses in the tertiary hospital using Gwet's agreement interpretation criteria. The adequacy of MITS samples collected by nurses in the general hospital was more than 72% when compared to the preset criteria. The adequacy of the MITS sampling yield ranged from 87% to 91% on liveborn neonatal deaths and 76% for the liver, right and left lungs and 55% for brain tissues in stillbirths. This study demonstrated that task-shifting MITS sample collection to nurses can be achieved with comparable accuracy and adequacy as pathologists. Our study showed that with standardized training and supportive supervision MITS sample collection can be conducted by nurses in a tertiary, general hospital and, at the home of the deceased. Future studies should validate and expand on this work by evaluating task-shifting of MITS sample collection to nurses within community settings and with larger sample sizes.

Memory studies and design? The mnemotopic approach

At the beginning of the fourth wave of memory studies, the relationship with design appears poorly explored, although the memory project is fundamental for the contemporary and interdisciplinary past reframing. From this perspective, the article proposes an intrinsic but not yet evident link between memory studies and communication design for the territory, a young discipline that has taken up the “stratified place” as its own specific dimension, focusing on its valorization and visual translation. This novel connection is highlighted by the mnemotopic approach in which place and memory coexist in a unique meaning formation, supporting the remembrance of the territorial experience. Through a lexical transfer of the term mnemotope, generally used in other fields of knowledge (e.g. cultural anthropology), to design, it becomes a performative concept integrated into processes and artifacts as an active part of project development. The mnemotope as a plural object of territorial interpretation, sailing from Nora’s lieux de memoire, passing through Assmann’s cultural memory reflections, and landing in communication design, can be adopted as an alternative interpretative criterion that not only proposes a resematization of the memory of places but can be considered as a real medium for exploring the past that can also operate on a didactic level by being included in experimental design courses. In this context, the article will show how the mnemotopic approach has been developed during my personal doctoral journey and pedagogically implemented by the DCxT research group of the Design Department of Politecnico di Milano.

Comparison of Expert Reads vs. Local Clinical Reads of Amyloid PET Scans in IDEAS

AbstractBackgroundAmyloid‐directed therapies will increase the clinical use of amyloid PET. IDEAS captured >17,000 clinical scan interpretations from local radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians. This study aimed to establish accuracy of these interpretations by comparison to expert readers across identical scans.MethodRandomly selected amyloid PET/CT scans performed using one of three FDA‐approved agents [18F‐Florbetaben (FBB), 18F‐Florbetapir (FBP), 18F‐Flutemetamol (FMM)] and previously interpreted by local readers from the Imaging Dementia ‐ Evidence for Amyloid Scanning (IDEAS) study were assigned to vendor‐selected panels of 3 expert readers for interpretation; 500 scans per agent and 1 panel per agent. Scans were stratified to match frequencies observed in the overall study by 1) participant age; 2) MCI vs dementia; 3) positive/negative interpretation; and 4) type of PET facility. Respective vendors performed quality control on attenuation‐corrected PET/CT images. Visual interpretations (positive or negative for Aß cortical deposition) were performed according to agent‐specific validated interpretation criteria. Expert panel readers were blinded to clinical and demographic data. Cohen’s kappa statistic with two‐sided 95% confidence interval estimates examined agreement between local reader and majority expert panel visual interpretation.ResultExpert panel readers’ visual interpretations totaled 4489. Median age for scanned participants was 75 (range 65‐96), 51.4% were female and 60.5% had MCI. Local readers interpreted 60.9% of scans positive and 39.1% negative (Table 1). Across all radiotracers, agreement between majority expert read and local readers was excellent (k coefficient 0.76; 95% CI 0.73 – 0.80, p<.0001) with 86.6% (791/913) agreement for positive scans and 90.9% (532/585) agreement for negative scans (Figure 1). Agreement by individual radiopharmaceuticals was good to excellent: k coefficient 0.78 (95% CI 0.72 – 0.83, p<.001) for FBB, k coefficient 0.72 (95% CI 0.66 – 0.78, p<.001) for FBP, and k coefficient 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 – 0.84) for FMM (Figure 1). Agreement levels between local readers and individual experts varied from good to excellent (Figure 2).ConclusionWe found good to excellent agreement between local readers and majority assessment of three‐member expert panels for all combined scans and scans by individual agents. Visual interpretation of Aß PET can be performed in a clinical setting with high reliability.

Comparison of Expert Reads vs. Local Clinical Reads of Amyloid PET Scans in IDEAS

AbstractBackgroundAmyloid‐directed therapies will increase the clinical use of amyloid PET. IDEAS captured >17,000 clinical scan interpretations from local radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians. This study aimed to establish accuracy of these interpretations by comparison to expert readers across identical scans.MethodRandomly selected amyloid PET/CT scans performed using one of three FDA‐approved agents [18F‐Florbetaben (FBB), 18F‐Florbetapir (FBP), 18F‐Flutemetamol (FMM)] and previously interpreted by local readers from the Imaging Dementia ‐ Evidence for Amyloid Scanning (IDEAS) study were assigned to vendor‐selected panels of 3 expert readers for interpretation; 500 scans per agent and 1 panel per agent. Scans were stratified to match frequencies observed in the overall study by 1) participant age; 2) MCI vs dementia; 3) positive/negative interpretation; and 4) type of PET facility. Respective vendors performed quality control on attenuation‐corrected PET/CT images.Visual interpretations (positive or negative for Aβ cortical deposition) were performed according to agent‐specific validated interpretation criteria. Expert panel readers were blinded to clinical and demographic data. Cohen’s kappa statistic with two‐sided 95% confidence interval estimates examined agreement between local reader and majority expert panel visual interpretation.ResultExpert panel readers’ visual interpretations totaled 4489. Median age for scanned participants was 75 (range 65‐96), 51.4% were female and 60.5% had MCI. Local readers interpreted 60.9% of scans positive and 39.1% negative (Table 1).Across all radiotracers, agreement between majority expert read and local readers was excellent (k coefficient 0.76; 95% CI 0.73 – 0.80, p<.0001) with 86.6% (791/913) agreement for positive scans and 90.9% (532/585) agreement for negative scans (Figure 1). Agreement by individual radiopharmaceuticals was good to excellent: k coefficient 0.78 (95% CI 0.72 – 0.83, p<.001) for FBB, k coefficient 0.72 (95% CI 0.66 – 0.78, p<.001) for FBP, and k coefficient 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 – 0.84) for FMM (Figure 1). Agreement levels between local readers and individual experts varied from good to excellent (Figure 2).ConclusionWe found good to excellent agreement between local readers and majority assessment of three‐member expert panels for all combined scans and scans by individual agents. Visual interpretation of Aβ PET can be performed in a clinical setting with high reliability.

Consensus Minimum MRI Protocol for the Child With Acute Recurrent or Chronic Pancreatitis.

Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of children with acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP). Consensus is lacking for a minimum MRI protocol for the child with known or suspected ARP or CP. Lack of standardization contributes to variable diagnostic performance and hampers application of uniform interpretive criteria for clinical diagnosis and multicenter research studies. We convened a working group to achieve consensus for a minimum MRI protocol for children with suspected ARP or CP. The group included eight pediatric radiologists experienced in interpreting MRI for pediatric pancreatitis and one medical pancreatologist and functioned from November 2022 to March 2023. Existing clinical protocols were summarized across sites represented by group members, and commonly used sequences guided the group's discussion. The final consensus minimum MRI protocol includes five noncontrast sequences and two postcontrast sequences (which are required only in select clinical scenarios). The working group also provides recommended acquisition parameters, sequence-specific technical suggestions, and general recommendations for optimal imaging technique. We recommend that all sites imaging children with ARP and CP for clinical care, and particularly those engaged in cooperative group trials for pancreatitis, ensure that their local protocol includes these minimum sequences.

Istikhdām al-Wasilah al-Syam’iyyah al-Bashiriyyah li Tarqiyah Maharah Qira’ah al-Akhbār al-‘Arabiyyah

This study aimed to evaluate community members' skills and comprehension in reading Arabic news before and after they used audio-visual media. The theoretical underpinning of this study is the idea that exposure to audio-visual materials will enhance one's news reading skills. The researchers' theory states that people interested in reading the news through audio-visual media have improved their news-reading skills. The method used in this research was a quasi-experimental method with a one-group design based on pre-test and post-test. The population in this study covered all members of the news reading community, totalling 20 students at UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. This research used quantitative data analyses of pre-test and post-test results using the Lilioforce equation. One of the present study’s results showcased that prior to employing the audio-visual media, the members of Arabic Language Teaching Division's news-reading mission had a poor level, as seen by the average score of 68.3. Their grade after utilizing it was good, as evidenced by the average score of 87.2. According to the interpretation criterion, the result of (N-D) was 0.60 or 60% in a moderate classification. Therefore, these results indicated that the audio-visual method effectively improved news-reading skills. This study suggests future’s research to assess the other foreign language proficiency in greater detail using a wider range of research techniques.

IDENTIFICATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS AND BENEFITS IN THE VILLAGE OF NEGERI LIMA, MALUKU DISTRICT

Backgraound: Medicinal plants are the biodiversity that exists around us, both those that grow wild and those that are deliberately cultivated. For generations, plants have been used as medicinal plants. The largest part of medicinal raw materials derived from plants is still not cultivated, while opportunities for agribusiness have the potential to increase the opportunities and possibilities open for medicinal products. Methods: The aim of the research is to find out the types of medicinal plants and find out how the community perceives the benefits of medicinal plants in the village of Negeri Lima. Maluku. The material used in this research is a questionnaire or questionnaire. The research uses the Guttman scale by distributing questionnaires to respondents which are used to find scores, percent scores, total scores, and percent ideal scores, the results of which are converted into score interpretation criteria. Results: The research results showed that the criteria distributed to respondents were very good with the highest total score being 90% and the lowest being 10%. Conclusion: As a result of the identification carried out, 20 types of medicinal plants were identified which were spread across Negeri Lima Village, Central Maluku. Analysis of questionnaires distributed to the public to measure public perceptions by distributing questionnaires used the Guttman scale from question no. 1 - 5, it is known that the highest percentage is 90% and the lowest percentage is 10%. Meanwhile, the results of the analysis of attitude question items to measure public perception from question no. 6 - 10 has the highest percentage, namely 80% and the lowest percentage, namely 20%.

A new state‐of‐health estimation method for Li‐ion batteries based on interpretable belief rule base with expert knowledge credibility

AbstractState‐of‐health (SOH) estimation methods for Li‐ion batteries are important for the safe operation of the entire system. However, it is often challenging due to the uncertainty within the batteries and the criteria for model interpretability. Belief rule base (BRB) is a rule‐based expert system that has certain advantages for both aspects. However, several problems with BRB interpretability need to be solved urgently. First, expert knowledge credibility is often given subjectively, while objective information is neglected to be considered. Second, BRB interpretability is easily ignored or corrupted in the optimization process. Third, expert knowledge is assumed to be completely reliable information to be used as interpretability evaluation criterion. Therefore, a new SOH estimation method for Li‐ion batteries based on interpretable BRB with expert knowledge credibility (IBRB‐c) is proposed. In the IBRB‐c, the calculation method of expert knowledge credibility is given. Then, an optimization algorithm with interpretability strategies is used. Finally, the concept of the fuzzy interpretable interval is proposed to design the interpretable evaluation criterion. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by using the experiment of NASA Li‐ion battery as a case study.

Optical Genome Mapping Combined with High-Throughput Sequencing Is Effective for the Diagnostic and Prognostic Genomic Classification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Neoplasms

Cytogenetic and molecular analyses are crucial for the diagnosis, choice of treatment and prognostic evaluation of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS). Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a recent technology enabling a genome-wide high-resolution detection of structural abnormalities (SVs) and copy number variations (CNV) developed by the Bionano® company. The clinical value of OGM in AML and MDS and its positioning in relation to conventional karyotype and FISH (K&F) and targeted high throughput panel sequencing (HTS) has been little evaluated. Here, the primary objective was to evaluate prospectively the ability of OGM to apply the diagnosis (WHO 2022) and prognostic cytogenetic classification of AML (ELN 2022) and MDS (IPSSm) in comparison with K&F and HTS. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the proportion of informative cases in intention-of-analysis and among them the level of concordance of OGM versus K&F, the amount of additional information (OGM vs KF), and the potential reclassification (OMS 2022, ELN 2022, IPSSm) in addition to K&F and a targeted HTS panel (i.e. including ASXL1, CEBPA, DNMT3A, IDH1, IDH2, FLT3, KRAS, NPM1, NRAS, RUNX1, SRSF2, TP53, WT1) used in real-life. A two-stage prospective selection of bone marrow or blood samples was carried out at Nantes University Hospital between May 2022 and June 2023. A 1st collection of samples from 67 patients (pts) with AML (n=58) or MDS (n=9) was selected and cryopreserved according to pre-analytical criteria (cell count, time after collection). A 2nd final selection of 39 pts including 34 AML and 5 MDS was carried out according to their cytogenetic and/or molecular data, in order to evaluate the performance of OGM in different profiles of clinical interest (Table 1). Of these 39 intention-to-analyze patients, 35 were informative for OGM comparison with K&F (3 OGM failures, 1 K not realized). Interpretation criteria with Bionano access software considered SVs and CNVs >200 and >500 kbp respectively, or smaller if a gene of interest was found. Further details will be presented at the conference. OGM showed concordance with K&F in 30/35 (86%) of informative pts, but 5 had subclonal (<20%) gains undetected i.e. +8, +21, +6p or poorly detected i.e. t(1;15) with centromeric break. None of these OGM false negatives modify the diagnosis or prognosis. Additional information was found with OGM in 19/35 pts, with a median of 1 cryptic anomaly/patient (range = 1-13). Cryptic abnormalities were identified in 9/18 pts with normal K (7 AML, 2 MDS), including 5 pts with pathogenic SV, notably KMT2A with partial tandem duplication (PTD) and TET2 deletion, and 4 pts with SV of unknown significance (-6p, +4q, +15q, +19p, +20q). Finally, the WHO diagnosis was confirmed with OGM in all informative pts but not modified in any of them. OGM confirmed ELN prognostic classification of all the AML cases without modification. Two AML cases had >3 anomalies with OGM (range = 5-6) of which >2 were cryptic without complex karyotype (CK) (size = 226-1221 kbp, VAF% = 3-100) including gains (3q, 11q, Xp) or losses (3p, 4p, 21q) of undetermined or pathogenic ( RUNX1 deletion) significance. In this context of multiple cryptic anomalies, there is no precise definition of abnormal or CK with OGM. One is a MDS-related AML cases that also had MDS-associated somatic mutations (i.e. ASXL1, SRSF2 ELNadverse) and the other was an AML with NUP98 rearrangement and FLT3-ITD mutation (i.e ELN intermediate). OGM confirmed the IPSSm prognostic cytogenetic category in 3 pts and modified it in 2/5 MDS pts (40%). Among the two latter, K was normal (e.g. favorable) but OGM identified cryptic KMT2A- PTD of poor prognosis. These two SMD-IB2 changes the IPSSm risk category from Moderate-High or High to Very-High risk group. The combination of OGM and HTS techniques provided a more accurate prognostic classification of MDS cases. Confirmations of cryptic pathogenic anomalies detected by OGM using a 2nd technique will be presented at the congress. OGM technology is powerful for identifying pathogenic anomalies, but the criteria for abnormal K and CK need to be clarified in order to apply international diagnosis and prognosis classifications. To this end, the OGM+HTS combination is highly effective. The positioning of OGM as a complement and/or replacement for conventional cytogenetic and molecular tools, and its impact on therapeutic choice, still needs to be evaluated in AML and MDS.