Interpretation Of Fascism Research Articles

Fascism in Italian Historiography: In Search of an Individual Historical Identity

During the last two decades there has been a great interest in the study of fascism indeed within Italy it has become one of the most productive fields of historical research. In 1976 the editors of the Journal of Contemporary History, publishing a second special issue on fascism after ten years, observed: 'The field of Italian fascism has perhaps registered the most spectacular progress during the past decade'. 1 The historiographical output in this field has continued unabated, if at a steadier pace and with less originality, since 1976. Dozens of pages would be required merely to list the books and articles on fascism published by Italian historians in the last twenty years. Accordingly, we will restrict ourselves to considerations of a more general nature, examining the problems that have aroused the greatest interest and are the most significant for the evaluation of the changes and innovations which have come about in the Italian historiography of fascism during the last two decades. One basic question which has been at the root of the traditional interpretation of fascism directs our inquiry: did fascism originate from other phenomena, that is to say was it an instrument of other forces, or was it rather a phenomenon with its own individual historical identity and dynamism? The problem concerns the definition of fascism as such, its social bases, its concept of man and politics, its relationship with the masses and the forms of power which it assumed. Does the analysis of these elements allow us to identify fascism as having its own historical identity? This is a fundamental question since it runs counter to the very possibility of conceiving of and depicting a 'history of fascism' which would not be reduced to a 'history of Italy between the two world wars', but would rather be, first and foremost, the history of a specific reality which, if it in fact existed as such, should be characterized in its own terms as a political movement and regime. This, then, is the first task of the historian of fascism. From the answers to this question put forward

Fašizmo interpretacijos ir dabartinė ideologinė kova

Straipsnyje kritikuojamos fašizmo interpretacijos dabartinės ideologinės kovos kontekste, siekiama įvertinti skirtingų klasinių interesų poveikį fašizmo interpretacijoms ir jo tyrinėjimų rezultatams. Buržuazinių fašizmo tyrinėtojų ideologinė funkcija – išteisinti kapitalizmą, nekaltinti monopolijų dėl fašizmo atsiradimo ir jo piktadarybių. Iki 7 dešimtmečio vidurio tarp buržuazinių lietuvių emigrantų buvo paplitusi totalitarinė fašizmo koncepcija, kuri visą dėmesį sutelkia į totalitarinius valdymo metodus. Psichoanalitinės koncepcijos fašizmo genezę ir jo ypatybes bando pagrįsti socialiniais psichologiniais veiksniais: fašizmas atėjo į valdžią dėl to, kad atitiko tam tikrus žmonių charakterio bruožus; dabartiniam žmogui esą būdingos mechanistinės mistinės savybės, o tai formuoja polinkį fašizmui. Aptariami lyginamieji fašistinių režimų tyrinėjimai. Visos buržuazinės fašizmo doktrinos ignoruoja jo organišką ryšį su monopolijomis. Marksistinė metodologija, išreikšdama darbininkų klasės pozicijas, orientuoja fašizmo tyrinėjimus pirmiausia į jo klasinės esmės bei prigimties analizę, fašizmą nagrinėja kaip tarptautinį reiškinį, kaip imperializmo ir bendrosios kapitalizmo krizės rezultatą.

Interpretations of Fascism

Interpretations of Fascism

Interpretations of Fascism, by Renzo De Felice and Brenda Huff Everett

Interpretations of Fascism, <i>by Renzo De Felice and Brenda Huff Everett</i>

Interpretations of Fascism

Interpretations of Fascism

Leon Trotsky's Theory of Fascism

Moreover his analysis of Nazism lost some of its force by his dogmatic insistence on organically identifying fascism with the last-ditch struggle of moribund capitalism. This prevented him from fully perceiving the more modern political and technical attributes of Nazi methods of domination and its ability to embrace all sections of the German population and integrate them into the totalitarian structure of the state. But it did not prevent him from subjecting the official communist interpretation of fascism to a penetrating critique for its abstract formalism and inability to differentiate between particular stages and varieties of the fascist phenomenon. In this respect and in his prognoses concerning the development of fascism after 1930, Trotsky's analysis stands favourable comparison with the more sophisticated theories of independent Marxist thinkers like August Thalheimer and Otto Bauer.3 Its significance lay less in Trotsky's 157

Interpretations of Fascism.A. James GregorThe Fascist Persuasion in Radical Politics.A. James Gregor

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook Section A. James Gregor Interpretations of Fascism. A. James Gregor The Fascist Persuasion in Radical Politics. A. James Gregor William T. BluhmWilliam T. Bluhm Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Politics Volume 37, Number 2May, 1975 Sponsored by the Southern Political Science Association Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1017/S0022381600041323 Views: 9Total views on this site Copyright 1975 Southern Political Science AssociationPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.