Theory Of Interpersonal Relations Research Articles

Психологически аспекти на партньорските отношения между мъжа и жената

One of the most current problems of the social psychology are presented in the article. Different socialpsychological theories of communication and interpersonal relationships are considered. The specific of the socialpsychological perspective in investigation of human interactions is pointed. Also, actual research themes within the social psychology such as social roles, personal identity, attitudes and interrelation between attitudes and behaviour are analyzed in that article. The place of the interpersonal attraction and love within the scientific socialpsychological knowledge system is shown, stressing on the applied character of the contemporaneous socialpsychological knowledge to investigated problems.

Study of suicidal behavior among adolescents: a theoretical analysis

This article is aimed at a literary review of theoretical data on the topic of suicidal ideation among young people and adolescents. Two main theoretical models are considered, such as the theory of interpersonal relations and the integrated motivational-volitional model. These models are directly related to suicidal ideas. By studying these models, the article shows the risk factors for suicide and suicidal behavior. In the article, suicidal ideas are considered as complex phenomena that require numerous studies. The authors, analyzing suicidal ideas, identify important influencing factors that are directly related to the risks of suicide and suicidal behavior. There is also an emphasis on risk factors in suicidal behavior. The literature review of suicidal ideas shows that the above-mentioned models of suicidal behav- ior are more suitable for applying them in empirical research. Western researchers used these basic models in their empirical research and obtained accurate results. Taking into account the specifics of Kazakhstan’s society, we propose to study more modern models in order to get accurate results, as well as to establish existing risk factors for suicidal ideas and suicidal behavior among teenagers in Kazakhstan. In our opinion, the theoretical analysis of two main models related to suicidal ideas can help in the development of an empirical study on the topic “Integration of suicidally oriented adolescents in the social life of a megalopolis”. Key words: suicide, suicide, suicidal behavior, suicideprevent adolescents.

Opis, analiza in vrednotenje teorije medosebnih odnosov Hildegard E. Peplau v pediatrični zdravstveni negi

Uvod: Temeljne značilnosti pediatrične zdravstvene nege so najboljša skrb za otroka, vzdrževanje integritete družine in otrokove rutine ter posebna znanja in spretnosti za negovanje otroka. Teorija medosebnih odnosov poudarja pomen medosebnega odnosa med medicinsko sestro in pacientom, ki se razvija skozi posamezne faze medsebojnega odnosa. Namen opisa, analize in vrednotenja teorije je ugotoviti možnost prenosa in uporabe teorije v praksi pediatrične zdravstvene nege.Metode: Uporabljen je bil pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature v naslednjih podatkovnih bazah: Web of Science, ProQuest, Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect in CINAHL. Upoštevana so bila priporočila PRISMA. Identificirane zadetke smo uvrstili v nivo glede na hierarhijo dokazov in ocenili kakovost s pomočjo priporočil GRADE. Teorijo smo opisali, analizirali in evalvirali po modelu avtorice M. Pajnkihar.Rezultati: Izmed 321 identificiranih zadetkov je bilo v končno analizo vključeno 21 zadetkov. S pomočjo analize identificiranih zadetkov ugotavljamo, da večina avtorjev teorijo medosebnih odnosov opredeli kot teorijo srednjega obsega. V veliki meri se strinjajo, da je teorija enostavna in kompleksna ter ima jasno opisane koncepte, propozicije in predpostavke. Fenomen medosebnih odnosov je jasen medicinskim sestram v kliničnem okolju.Diskusija in zaključek: Teorija je uporabna za prakso zdravstvene nege, raziskovanje in izobraževanje. Pred aplikacijo teorije v prakso in izobraževanje na področju pediatrične zdravstvene nege je treba teorijo testirati. Teorija podpira razvoj medosebnih odnosov ter verbalne in neverbalne komunikacije in jo lahko uporabimo za prakso, podprto s teorijo.

Perceptions of adolescents with cancer undergoing palliative care about their illness process

To understand the perception of adolescents with cancer undergoing palliative cares about their illness process. An exploratory and qualitative study, per formed at a federal public hospital specialized in oncology disease in Rio de Janeiro, through interviews with nine adolescents aged 12 to 20 years old, from July to August 2017. Data was submitted to thematic analysis and the theoretical framework was Hildegard Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relationships. Three categories emerged: Living the difficult moment of the trajectory of the disease; Feeling the social isolation and that life has stopped; and Overcoming the difficult stage of the disease. They addressed the trajectory of the disease since the diagnosis, with the awakening of feelings of isolation and stagnation of life. Moreover, they highlighted the overcoming power of these adolescents. The study made it possible to know the difficulties experienced during the course of the disease, providing subsidies for the practice of nurses to happen in a sensitive, individualized manner and focused on the individual's need thus enhancing comfort and quality of life.

The Study of Online knowledge Sharing Behavior: Effect of Individual Motivation factors on Individual Performance in Higher Education Students

Knowledge sharing behavior is an activity of exchanging information or spreading massages very quickly and broadly like avirus on a computer by using an interactive internet network. The use of interactive technology can be via e-mail, blogs, siteschat, online bulletin and social networking sites. However, there is still little researches that discussed individual motivationfactors where the person finally decides to conduct online knowledge sharing activities in relation to the individual academicperformance of students in the university. This study aims to examine the influence of interpersonal relationship theory, especially individual motivation factors consisting of need to belong, altruism, and personal growth on the online knowledge sharing behavior in order to increase the student academic performance. In this study researchers distributed online questionnaires to students in universities of Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia and analyzed using path analysis. The results state that the variables need to belong, altruism, personal growth have positive effects on the online knowledge sharing behavior and online knowledge sharing behavior has a positive effect on student academic performance.

The Effectiveness of Educative, Supportive, and Administrative Cycle (ESA-C) Clinical Supervision Model in Improving the Performance of Public Hospital Nurses

Consistent supervision affects nurse performance, but in its implementation in nursing care in Indonesia, supervision tends to be more monitoring in nature and lacking the efforts of educating, motivating, training, and directing. The clinical supervision model of Educative, Supportive, and Administrative Cycle (ESA-C) is made to increase the positive value of supervision. The model is synthesized from Kadushin’s and Proctor’ supervision models integrated with Peplau’s interpersonal relationship theory and Watson’s carative factors. The research aims to test the effectiveness of ESA-C clinical supervision model in improving nurse performance using the quasi-experimental design of two group pre-post-tests. Two hospitals were randomly selected from the five public hospitals as the research location. The sample consisted of 90 nurses and 270 patients, taken randomly and purposively, respectively. The results indicate that the ESA-C clinical supervision model was able to significantly improve the nurses’ performance (p-value < 0.05) in the dimensions of task performance: technical skills improved by 2%, patient education 9%, emotional support to patients 14%; and contextual performance: assistance to patients and families improved by 21%. It is recommended that the model be used in nursing care, especially in hospitals, in an attempt of improving nurse performance in providing nursing care to patients.

Transactional Analysis Theory and Spirituality

A great deal of importance has recently been given to studies dealing with the spiritual aspect of psychological theories and approaches; the aim has been to shed light on the spiritual aspect of humanity through these conducted researches and compilations. The current study aims to explain the perspective of transactional analysis on spirituality in terms of the theory of interpersonal relations and the extent of spirituality on the understanding of transactional analysis. Mainly the views of Berne and the researchers following in his footsteps have been taken into consideration. The experience of self-transcendence has been referenced by elaborating on the concept of autonomy, which occurs in spirituality through transactional analysis. By forming a framework over the transactional analysis view on spirituality, a perspective is offered towards transactional analysis patterns and spirituality along the axis of transaction and ego states. Family prisms, which are especially effective in the process of working with families in the understanding of transactional analysis, are clarified along the axis of spirituality. In addition, brief and summary information is presented about the pilgrim model, which guides transactional analysts regarding the spiritual elements a client brings during the consultation process. This study aims to show that the understanding of transactional analysis is a theory of relations and that therapists do not exclude spirituality from the counseling process but reference spirituality, particularly when focusing on ego states, intimacy, and autonomy, although not on all the concepts discussed along the understanding axis. For this purpose, the study aims to give the point of view on spirituality in transactional analysis theory by compiling the research that has been performed.

Challenges faced by student accoucheurs during clinical placement at the free state maternal health care institutions.

Anecdotal evidence suggests that student accoucheurs studying at the Free State School of Nursing in South Africa are faced with resistance, discrimination, rejection and unacceptability by pregnant women during their clinical placement at the Free State maternal health care institutions. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the challenges faced by student accoucheurs regarding the maternal health care services they render to women. An explorative, descriptive, and qualitative research design was employed to conduct the study. Purposive sampling was used to select student accoucheurs who met the inclusion criteria. Focus group discussion was used to collect data from the selected student accoucheurs. Data were analysed thematically, and the findings were triangulated with the integration of Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations as a theoretical framework that guided the study. The findings in relation to the research question were synthesised under four themes: transcultural diversity, socio-economic factors, social interactions and relations, and gender inequality in the work place. The study is a contribution to the emerging education and training of student accoucheurs body of knowledge in the Free State Province and to the global existing body of knowledge regarding the phenomena.

Information technology use in Chinese firms and work-family conflict: The moderating role of guanxi

Modern Chinese firms are characterized by high digitization, as well as by traditional guanxi. It is unclear how these modern and old characteristics operate in tandem to influence employee outcomes. We make first strides toward bridging this gap by leveraging theories of interpersonal relationships (social exchange, leader-member exchange and interpersonal trust theories) to suggest that two types of guanxi, supervisor-subordinate guanxi and peer guanxi, can influence the translation of IT use for work into work-family conflict. Data from 485 employees in Chinese firms support most of our hypotheses, and show that: (1) IT use for work increases work-family conflict, (2) Peer guanxi reduces it, (3) supervisor-subordinate guanxi augments the effect of IT use for work on work-family conflict, and (4) there are gender differences in guanxi effects (for women, the effect of IT use for work on work-family conflict is consistent at different levels of supervisor-subordinate guanxi; for men this effect is augmented in high supervisor-subordinate guanxi conditions). Ultimately, the findings extend and provide a unique integration of old and new traditions in Chinese firms. The IT literature is extended by showing how guanxi can influence the translation of IT use for work into negative outcomes in the family domain. The guanxi literature is extended by showing how guanxi, which is largely perceived as positive, can have negative outcomes in form of strengthening the effect of IT use for work on work family conflict.

The five types of brand hate: How they affect consumer behavior

Drawing from Sternberg's (2003) triangular theory of hate, this paper conceptualizes and tests the theory in the branding context. Based on two studies with 712 consumers (study 1 = 349; study 2 = 363) who mentioned 266 brands they hate, the authors first validate Sternberg's (2003) theory of interpersonal hate relationships in connection with brand relationships. The empirical analyses confirm that brand hate is a multi-dimensional construct consisting of three key emotions: disgust, contempt, and anger. Our research shows there are five types of brand hate, depending on the combination of these emotions, each leading to different behavioral outcomes, including brand switching, private and public complaining, brand retaliation, and willingness to make financial sacrifices to hurt the brand. The paper concludes with a discussion on theoretical and managerial implications and limitations.

Usefulness of nursing theory-guided practice: an integrative review.

Nursing theory-guided practice helps improve the quality of nursing care because it allows nurses to articulate what they do for patients and why they do it. However, the usefulness of nursing theory-guided practice has been questioned and more emphasis has been placed on evidence-based nursing and traditional practice. Therefore, an examination of experimental studies was undertaken to analyse the extent of use and usefulness of nursing theories in guiding practice. We reviewed experimental studies because in this era of evidence-based practice, these designs are given more weightage over other research designs. This examination would corroborate the usefulness of nursing theory-guided practice compared to traditional practice. An integrative review was conducted. Literature search was performed within multiple databases, and 35 studies were reviewed and appraised. Majority of the studies were from Iran, the United States and Turkey and used Orem's self-care model, Roy's adaptation model and Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations. The effect of theory-guided interventions was evaluated in improving quality of life, self-efficacy, self-care and stress of patients with chronic, acute, cardiac and psychological illnesses. The quality rating was judged to be strong for three studies, moderate for 25 studies and weak for seven studies. All of the strongly rated studies found nursing theory-guided interventions useful. Overall, nursing theory-guided interventions improved all of studied outcomes in 26 studies and at least one outcome in nine studies. None of the studies reported that nursing theory-guided interventions as not useful. Nursing theories have guided practice in both eastern and Western countries, and theory-guided practice has been found useful compared to traditional nursing practice. Therefore, nurses should continue to guide their nursing practice through the lens of nursing theories and should continue to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing theory-guided practice.

The Impact of Interventional Radiology Mock Code Blue Drills on Team Vitality

This performance-improvement project was undertaken with two goals, to improve the care of a patient in a code blue or emergent situation and to promote a healthy interventional radiology work environment, for teams that perform minimally invasive image-guided diagnosis and treatment procedures. The mock code blue project included three tests of change based on Peplau's grounded theory of interpersonal relations that promote nurses to apply principles of human relations to problems.The study setting was a typical American inpatient hospital interventional radiology department. The Healthcare Team Vitality Instrument (HTVI) ten-question survey was administered as a repeated measurement before and after tests of change to assess dimensions related to front-line perception of a work environment. Team vitality addresses four key factors: (1) support factors, (2) staff engagement and empowerment, (3) team communication, and (4) patient care transitions. Kotter's eight steps for implementing change were used to create an effective plan. The three tests of change spanned 4 months, from June 2017 to October 2017. The test of change 1, initial mock code blue simulation, took approximately 6 weeks to complete. The test of change 2, creation of resources on the unit, and the test of change 3, refined mock code blue simulation, both took approximately 4 weeks. Eighteen participants completed the HTVI survey, nine registered nurses and nine radiology technologists. Exploratory factor analysis of the HTVI was conducted on a 5-point Likert scale. The pretest of change 1 HVTI average mean score was 3.36. The posttest of change 1 mean score rose to 4.56. Pretest of change 2 scores had an overall lower pretest of change 1 mean score of 3.15, yet this rose to 4.6 in the posttest of change 2. The test of change 3 overall pretest of change HVTI average mean score was 4.45, reaching the highest posttest of change 3 score of 4.74, indicating the sustainability and ability to continue to improve team vitality. Scores on the ability to communicate complete information during handoffs changed from the lowest (M = 2.25) to one of the highest posttest of change mean scores of 4.63.In conclusion, the mean scores for all three tests of change indicate that team vitality improved and continued to improve through the project. Presenting the updated analytics to the interventional radiology staff throughout the project is believed to support the overall success and sustainability while implementing code blue emergent training.

Relational competence in teacher education. Concept analysis and report from a pilot study

ABSTRACTA supportive relationship between teachers and students has been shown to have positive effects on students’ performance and social development. Preservice teachers’ relational competence is, however, an unexplored area. The purpose of this study is to contribute to educational research about relational competence in teacher education by introducing a Swedish project which focuses on interpersonal aspects. The study has three parts. In the theoretical part, a conceptualization of teachers’ relational competence using Thomas Scheff’s theory of interpersonal relationships is outlined. In the empirical (pilot) part, a methodology for prompting preservice teachers’ analyses of teacher–student relationships is described, as well as a thematic analysis of their responses. The theoretical conceptualization is then used together with the empirical data in the third part, in order to identify development needs of preservice teachers in terms of relational competence. According to the conceptualization, relational competence includes three sub-concepts: communicative, differentiation, and socio-emotional competence. From the analysis of preservice students’ texts, the article identifies development needs in relation to the three sub-concepts. The concluding discussion focuses on lessons learned from the study regarding how to promote teacher students’ relational competence.

Senior NCLEX-RN Coaching Model: Development and Implementation.

A host of interventions have been used to improve NCLEX outcomes, yet scant evidence exists to show the influence of academic coaching on pass rates. To improve NCLEX confidence/readiness and pass rates in a baccalaureate nursing program, an NCLEX Coaching Model was developed and implemented. Senior students were paired with faculty for 6 weeks of NCLEX coaching. Students self-assessed strengths, risk factors, and challenges related to NCLEX preparation. Coaches and students co-developed the NCLEX Preparation and Success Plan using standardized NCLEX predictor scores. Success plans represented individualized preparation strategies focused on specific NCLEX Client Needs categories. National Council Licensure Examination confidence/readiness scores improved significantly, and first-time NCLEX pass rates improved slightly after coaching. An NCLEX Coaching Model can build student confidence/readiness and promote NCLEX success among nursing students. Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations was useful in guiding development and implementation of a coaching model.

Peplau'nun Kişiler Arası İlişkiler Teorisi ile Acil Serviste Bir Multipl Skleroz Olgusu

Multipl skleroz fiziksel ve psikososyal açıdan hem kişiyi hem de ailesini etkilemekle birlikte nonküratif bir hastalık olması nedeni ile, hastalığın özellikle semptomlarıyla başa çıkmak önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Hemşirelik kuram ve modelleri hemşirelik profesyonellerine bakımla-rında yapılacak olan girişimlerin geliştirilmesine ve test edilmesine olanak tanıyarak, farklı bir bakış açısı ve yol haritası sunar. Peplau'nun hemşirelik modeli kişiler arası süreç üzerine yoğunlaşarak, birey ve sağlık profesyonelleri arasındaki terapötik pozitif ilişkiyi içerir. Peplau'nun kişiler arası iliş-kiler teorisi ile bakım verilen hastada, iletişimin ne kadar önemli olduğu, hastalığın sadece fizyolo-jik yönüyle değil entelektüel, sosyal, kişisel yönleriyle de ilgilenilmesi gerektiği, hastalarda öz yeterlik hissinin semptomlarla başa çıkmada aslında ne kadar önemli olduğuna ışık tutmaktadır.

Application of Peplau’s interpersonal relationship model among patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Objective To evaluate the effects of Peplau's interpersonal relationship model among patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) . Methods From October 2017 to February 2018, a total of 96 patients with RRD in the Ophthalmology Department of He'nan Provincial People's Hospital were selected by convenience sampling method. The patients were divided into intervention group and control group, with 48 cases in each group. Nursing intervention guided by Peplau's interpersonal relationship theory was adopted in the experimental group, while routine nursing measures were adopted in the control group. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Hospitalized Patients Satisfaction Questionnaire were used to compare the effect of intervention; the hospitalization time of the two groups was compared. Results The total scores of HADS, anxiety and depression of RRD patients in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.05) . Conclusions The nursing care based on the Peplau's interpersonal relationship for the patients with RRD can effectively alleviate patients' anxiety and depression, and improve the level of satisfaction. Key words: Retinal detachment; Anxiety; Depression; Peplau's interpersonal relationship model

Contributos das teorias de enfermagem na prática da promoção de saúde mental

Background: Mental health promotion is an important phenomenon for nursing sciences, which requires a perspective from nursing theories. Although the evidence points to the effectiveness of the interventions in this domain, it is little based on nursing theories. Objective: To explore different theoretical contributions of nursing, taking as reference the phenomenon of mental health promotion. Main topics under analysis: Mental health promotion, the philosophical perspective of post-modernism, the theory of interpersonal relations, the health promotion model, the transitions theory, and the adaptation model and their contributions to mental health promotion. Conclusion: Some theoretical contributions to mental health promotion should be highlighted, such as the importance of building interpersonal relations with the patients (Peplau) and identifying the person as a biopsychosocial being (Pender) who undergoes transitions (Meleis) and requires support to adjust and adopt healthier behaviors (Roy)

Youth Homelessness: The Impact of Supportive Relationships on Recovery.

Background Homeless youth are the fastest growing sub-group within the homeless population. They face impaired access to health services and are often left unsupported. They lack social and family support or relationships with service providers. Unsupported homeless youth often become homeless adults. Purpose To test a model based on Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations, examining the influence of a network of service providers, perceptions of social supports, and family relations on a homeless youth's perceptions of recovery. Methods This study is a secondary analysis and used a sample (n = 187) of data collected as part of the original Youth Matters in London study. A cross-sectional design was used to analyze the relationship between variables. Participants were interviewed at 6-month intervals over a 2.5-year period. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used. Results Network of service providers, perceived social supports, and perceived family relations explained 21.8% of the variance in homeless youth perceptions of recovery. Perceived social support and family relations were significantly, positively correlated to perceptions of recovery. Network of service providers was not significantly correlated to perceptions of recovery. Conclusions The findings suggest that stronger social supports and family relations may contribute to increased perceptions of recovery among homeless youth.

Peplau'nun Kişiler Arası İlişkiler Kuramı'na Göre Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Olan Hastaya Hemşirelik Bakımı

Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), çocuklukta en sık tanı konulan psikiyatrik rahatsızlıklardan biridir. DEHB'de en sık görülen belirgin özellikler; dikkat dağınıklığı, hiperaktivite ve dürtüselliktir. DEHB olan çocukların bakımında hemşire; çocuğun ilaç ve psikososyal tedavi almasına, çocuğun ve ailenin yaşadıkları problemlerin çözümlenmesine destek olmaktadır. Hemşirelik kuramcısı olan Hildegard Elizabeth Peplau'ya göre hemşirelik; toplumdaki bireylerin sağlıklı olmasına yardım eden, diğerleri ile iş birliği içinde olabilmesini sağlayan ve kişiler arası ilişkiye dayalı terapötik bir süreçtir. Bu kişiler arası sürecin amacı; hemşirenin hastaya yardım etmesidir. Bu olgu sunumunda, DEHB tanısı olan 15 yaşındaki bir ergene Peplau'nun ''Kişiler Arası İlişkiler Kuramı'' temel alınarak; intihar riski, kendine zarar verme riski, yaralanma riski, beslenmede dengesizlik: beden gereksiniminden fazla, etkisiz baş etme, duyusal algılamada bozulma, sosyal etkileşimde bozulma, şiddet riski ve refakat eden anne için bakım verici rolünde zorlanma hemşirelik tanıları belirlenerek, hemşirelik bakımının planlaması ve uygulanması amaçlanmıştır.

Application of Peplau’s theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing Practice: A systematic review study

Application of Peplau’s theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing Practice: A systematic review study