Interpersonal Alienation Research Articles

The bidirectional connection between family functioning and psychopathology: A network analysis in a large sample of adolescents with anorexia nervosa and their parents.

Family functioning is a risk and maintaining factor for anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aims to identify specific areas of family functioning according to adolescents and parental perspectives associated with eating and general psychological symptoms in people with AN. Four-hundred-forty-five adolescents with AN or atypical AN and their parents were enrolled. Adolescents completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-3, the Youth Self-Report questionnaire, and the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Their parents filled in the FAD. A network analysis was conducted including all subscales. The bridge function analysis was applied to identify the bridge nodes connecting each community constituted of family functioning perception with the communities of adolescents' eating and general psychological symptoms. Family communication was the node most strongly connecting fathers and mothers' perception of family functioning and adolescents' eating symptoms. Problem solving was the node with the highest bridge expected influence between mothers' family functioning and adolescents' general psychopathology. General functioning and problem solving were the bridge nodes between adolescents' view of family functioning and eating and general psychopathology. Maturity fear, interpersonal insecurity, and interpersonal alienation were the bridge nodes between adolescents' eating symptoms and mothers, fathers, and adolescents' family functioning communities respectively. Family members must be involved in the therapeutic process to improve family communication and problem solving diverting their attention toward emotional needs and interpersonal difficulties of adolescents with AN. Developing autonomy and independence from parents and building trustworthy relationships with peers may be favored by improving familiar dynamics and may contribute to prevent the maintenance of AN.

Autistic traits predict social avoidance and distress: The chain mediating role of perceived stress and interpersonal alienation.

Social avoidance and distress are the primary aspects of social anxiety. Nonautistic people with high levels of autistic traits are more likely to exhibit social avoidance and distress. However, research has yet to reveal how autistic traits induce social avoidance and distress. To fill this gap, the present study recruited 708 participants to complete the 25-item Autism Spectrum Quotient, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, and Interpersonal Alienation Subscale. The results indicated that autistic traits significantly predicted social avoidance and distress in nonautistic people. In addition, autistic traits induced social avoidance and distress through perceived stress and interpersonal alienation, respectively. Importantly, perceived stress and interpersonal alienation (including the subdimensions of interpersonal alienation: sense of loneliness, sense of social isolation, and alienation between family members) partially mediated the relationships between autistic traits and social avoidance and distress. Overall, autistic traits predict social avoidance and distress via perceived stress and interpersonal alienation. This finding extends the hypothetical model of clinical anxiety in autism spectrum disorders. Furthermore, reducing perceived stress and interpersonal alienation in nonautistic people with high levels of autistic traits may be a valid intervention method to prevent and eliminate their social avoidance and distress.

Een onderzoek naar obsessieve-compulsieve symptomen bij kinderen en adolescenten met anorexia nervosa

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) and obsessive-compulsive symptoms frequently co-occur. There are no prevalence rates of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in minors with AN in Belgium. Little is known about the relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and BMI or AN-related psychological characteristics. Method: The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was studied in 25 female minor with AN. Possible correlations were examined between compulsive symptoms and BMI or the psychological features of eating disorders. Data were collected by a file study, self-report questionnaire and a semi-structured interview with the patients. Results: 36% of the patients reported obsessive-compulsive symptoms with a clinically significant degree of severity. No association was found between the total number or severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and BMI. However, a significant association was found between the total number and severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and several EDI-3 subscales such as 'low self-esteem', 'personal alienation', 'interoceptive problems', 'emotional dysregulation' and 'asceticism'. Additionally, a significant relationship was seen between the severity of compulsive symptoms and the subscales 'body dissatisfaction', 'interpersonal alienation', 'perfectionism'. These correlations were independent of age, eating disorder duration, type of treatment, subtype of AN or the use of psychotropic medication. Discussion: In our study group of minors with AN was the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms high. This study showed no significant association between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and BMI. However, several eating disorder-related psychological characteristics did appear to be significantly associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Further research should determine whether there is a common cause or some form of causality between AN-related psychological characteristics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Exploratory Study Work Place Ostracism and Counter Productive Work Behavior among Nurses a. A Qualitative Exploratory Study

Background: Human capital is the vital resource of any organization. The perceived inclusion of employees within the organization leads to positive employee outcomes such as psychological health, job satisfaction, commitment, and productivity. Whereas, on the other hand employee’s exclusion or ignorance at workplace, gives rise to negative employee outcomes in the form of counter productive work behavior. In the last decade, the concept of workplace mistreatment became the center of attention in health care research in general and specifically in Pakistan. Objectives: The aims and objective of current study was to explore the perception of nurses regarding workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behaviors at tertiary health care sector. Study Design: A qualitative descriptive design was used for this study. Methodology: A qualitative approach was adopted, and 12 semi-structured interviews from the staff nurses from tertiary health care hospital were conducted. The transcribed interviews were coded, and an inductive thematic analysis was used to generate themes and sub-themes. Place and Duration: Present study was conducted in Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from March 2022 to June 2022. Results: The study findings depicted six behaviors, i.e. biased treatment, exclusion from formal and informal interactions, interpersonal alienation, delayed sharing or hiding of knowledge, lack of work-related, social and emotional support constituted the acts of workplace ostracism in hospital setting. The psychological well-being of nurses suffered in terms of negative emotions, reduced job, career and life satisfaction in their work and family life. There is more negative outcome of workplace ostracism as compare to positive one. This negative outcome regards as counterproductive work behavior and in depth, exploration reveals its meaning, causes and consequences on both individual and organizations. Practical Implications: This exploratory study focuses on workplace ostracism and counterproductive work behavior among nurses in a tertiary healthcare setting. The study highlights the negative impact of workplace ostracism on the psychological well-being and work-related outcomes of nurses, and emphasizes the need for creating inclusive work environments that promote positive employee outcomes. Conclusion: This study found six exclusionary behaviors, i.e. biased treatment, exclusion from formal and informal interaction, interpersonal alienation, delayed sharing or hiding of knowledge, lack of work related, social and emotional support that constituted the acts of ostracism in health sector. In addition, this study also explores the causes of ostracism as jealousy, envy, ethnic, political and union discrimination. Besides, it was found that workplace ostracism. Keywords: Workplace ostracism, Counterproductive work behavior, Nurses, Psychological well-being, qualitative, Contextual factors.

Analysis of relationships between personality factors and the risk of Eating Disorders

Introduction: Regarding the origin of Eating Disorders, different psychological variables such as the personality, have been identified as risk factors for the onset and subsequent development of these pathologies. This study aimed to analyse the relationships between personality and different risk variables for the development of ED in the population of female students without disorders. Method: Participants included 627 women, Spanish university students, who completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) and the Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Correlation and regression analyses were conducted in order to observe patterns of common variation among the variables, and to determine the contribution of the personality traits in the explanation of the variables. Results: Neuroticism correlated significantly with all scales and is the main predictor of the risk scales (drive for thinness, bulimia and body dissatisfaction), and the seven psychological scales. The remaining factors showed negative correlations with all of the scales. Extraversion was the main predictor variable in the explained variance of interpersonal insecurity and interpersonal alienation. In addition, conscientiousness and agreeableness demonstrated an effect on different scales in combination with other factors. Conclusion: The study sustained the importance of personality in the risk of developing FED. Neuroticism is the factor that is most closely related to the risk variables and psychological constructs which are conceptually relevant in the development and maintenance of these disorders. The study of personality should help in identifying at-risk populations, and will enable adopting solutions aimed at the prevention of ED.

Investigation and analysis of medical students' sense of alienation

In order to investigate the current situation of alienation among medical students, this study adopted the convenience sampling method to select students from a medical university in Guangxi, China as the research objects and measured the alienation level of medical students through the General Information Questionnaire and the Adolescent Alienation Scale. Results: ①The overall level of medical students' alienation was low, nevertheless social alienation and environmental alienation were slightly higher than interpersonal alienation. ②In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, medical students have a high sense of alienation and meaninglessness in their living environment. However, meaninglessness is the highest in the dimension of social alienation, loneliness is the highest in interpersonal alienation, and living environment alienation is the highest in environmental alienation. The alienation level of boys is slightly higher than that of girls. ③Grade, family economic level, and whether there is only one child are important factors affecting medical students' sense of alienation. Among them, the sense of alienation of freshmen is significantly lower than that of sophomores, juniors, and seniors in all dimensions. The level of alienation in the third year each dimension is higher. Poverty-stricken students and children from One Child Families have a high level of alienation, so mental health education in the medical university should be attached great importance.

Research on the Driving Factors of Collective Nostalgia and the Impact of Collective Nostalgia on National Brand Consciousness

Nostalgia is an important factor affecting consumers' intention and behavior. A lot of previous research on nostalgia has been conducted from the perspective of individuals rather than groups. Then how does group-based collective nostalgia come into being? How will consumers' collective nostalgia affect their consumption decisions? And what can we do to guide it? By sorting out the relevant literature, this paper attempts to explore the driving factors of collective nostalgia and observe the internal impact of it on national brand consciousness. Furthermore, a mechanism model of collective nostalgia is constructed, and data collection and empirical analysis are carried out by means of a questionnaire. The results show that relative deprivation, social alienation, interpersonal alienation and environmental alienation have significant positive predictive effects on collective nostalgia, while cultural discontinuity and historical discontinuity have no significant predictive effect on collective nostalgia. In addition, collective nostalgia has a positive influence on national brand consciousness; personal identity, social identity and collective identity all play mediating roles between collective nostalgia and national brand consciousness. With the improvement in social emotion, the positive effect of social identity and collective identity on national brand consciousness is strengthened, while the influence of personal identity on national brand consciousness is not significant. The study enriches the basic theory of collective nostalgia and national brand consciousness and provides suggestions for further developing domestic brands and expanding the influence of domestic brands.

To explore the intermediary influence mechanism of occupational prestige and interpersonal alienation of funeral workers and the construction of related models

Through a questionnaire survey of students and their parents in school and 36 front-line employees in a funeral management office in China, this paper investigates the mediating role of the psychological stress of funeral practitioners in the relationship between professional prestige and interpersonal alienation. The results show that: (1) High professional prestige cannot directly reduce interpersonal alienation; (2) The psychological pressure of funeral practitioners partially mediates the influence of their professional prestige on interpersonal alienation, and the mediating variable model of initial professional prestige on interpersonal alienation is revised. Finally, it explains the deficiency of this research and its practical value. The conclusion of this study provides certain reference value and guiding significance for solving the psychological stressors of funeral workers, promoting interpersonal communication, and deepening the public's correct cognition of funeral workers' professional prestige.

The role of interpersonal alienation in the relationship between social media addiction and learning burnout among Chinese secondary school students

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social media addiction and learning burnout and the mediating role of interpersonal alienation in the relationship between social media addiction and learning burnout among Chinese middle school students. The study investigates 2095 junior high school students in Zhuhai, China through a web-based questionnaire survey. The study results showed that (1) adolescent social media addiction significantly and positively influenced learning burnout and interpersonal alienation, and (2) adolescent interpersonal alienation mediated the relationship between social media addiction and learning burnout.

The impact of interpersonal alienation on excessive Internet fiction reading: Analysis of parasocial relationship as a mediator and relational-interdependent self-construal as a moderator

The impact of interpersonal alienation on excessive Internet fiction reading: Analysis of parasocial relationship as a mediator and relational-interdependent self-construal as a moderator

The relationship between risk perception of COVID-19 and willingness to help: A moderated mediation model

Previous studies have revealed that situational risk factors have a significant influence on the willingness to help. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, maybe risk perception of COVID-19 is also correlated to the willingness to help. This study examined the mediating effect of interpersonal alienation and the moderating effect of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in the relationship between risk perception of COVID-19 and willingness to help. Data from a large sample of Chinese college students (N = 2, 163) completed the measures of risk perception of COVID-19, willingness to help, interpersonal alienation, emotion regulation strategies including cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. The results indicated that the risk perception of COVID-19 negatively correlated to willingness to help. Interpersonal alienation partially mediated the link between risk perception of COVID-19 and willingness to help. College students’ expressive suppression moderated the associations between interpersonal alienation and willingness to help. And who adopted more expressive suppression, the connection between interpersonal alienation and willingness to help was weaker compared to students who reported less expressive suppression. But cognitive reappraisal did not moderate the relationship between risk perception of COVID-19 and interpersonal alienation. Implications of the present paper for theory and practice are discussed.

Experiences of Disease Adaptation in Patients With Heart Failure: A Qualitative Study.

This study aimed to explore the experiences of adaptation in heart failure (HF) patients according to the Roy adaptation model. A qualitative study was conducted between December 2020 and March 2021 in China. A total of 21 patients with HF were recruited at of two general hospitals. Semi structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with each participant. NVivo 11 was used to encode the transcription and thematic analysis was preformed to analyze the transcripts. Eleven minor themes emerged from the data, namely unbalanced nutrition, inappropriate activities, unrestricted liquid intake, excessive sodium intake, worrying about the future, negative emotions, poor spiritual aspect, unable to fulfill social roles, forced to stop work, interpersonal alienation, and less communication with friends or family. Most participants with HF experienced poor disease adaptation. The themes that emerged offer a new perspective on the experiences of disease adaptation in patients with HF.

Psychometric Properties of the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) in Chilean Youth.

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI)-3 test to evaluate eating disorders in young Chilean population. Methods: The sample consisted of 1,091 Chilean adolescents and young people (i.e., 476 men and 615 women) between 15 and 28 years old, from the metropolitan region, and four regions from the coast and south-central zone of the country. The reliability and factorial structure of the instrument were analyzed, replicating the confirmatory factor analyses of Brookings et al. (2020), evaluating four additional models that included bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), bifactor, and two-bifactor. Results: A majority of the subscales presented alphas and omegas equal to or greater than 0.70, with the exception of asceticism (α = 0.543, ω = 0.552) and interpersonal alienation (α = 0.684, ω = 0.695) scales, which are consistent with the values of the Spanish and Mexican non-clinical samples. The best fit indices were obtained by the ESEM two-bifactor model, with twelve specific factors corresponding to the EDI-3 subscales and two general orthogonal factors (i.e., risk subscales and psychological subscales), consistently with the theoretical basis.

Meaning in life as a mediator between interpersonal alienation and smartphone addiction in the context of Covid-19: A three-wave longitudinal study

In the context of the Covid-19, the present study designed a longitudinal study to examine the relationship among interpersonal alienation, meaning in life and smartphone addiction. Meanwhile, with the development of the epidemic whether there would be changes in the three variables was also examined. A sample of 579 university students (baseline mean age = 20.59, SD = 2.20) finished the anonymous questionnaires about interpersonal alienation, meaning in life and smartphone addiction. Three repeated measurements were obtained in June, September and December 2020. The finding indicated that university students’ interpersonal alienation and meaning in life significantly increased, and the risk of smartphone addiction significantly decreased with the epidemic under control. Besides, meaning in life in the middle mitigating period of the epidemic mediated the relationship between interpersonal alienation in the early severe period of the epidemic and smartphone addiction in the basic end period of the epidemic. The study contributes to our understanding of how low levels of interpersonal alienation may improve meaning in life and reduce the risk of smartphone addiction. What’ s more, it provides scientific suggestions for the prevention and intervention of the adverse effects during public health emergencies.

Interrupting Everyday Life

The Freudian slip has become a key reference point for our contemporary understanding of the human psyche. An underlying urge makes its way to the surface, interrupting a conversation and exposing our hidden desires. While there is an extended body of research addressing these so-called psychic mechanisms, little attention has been devoted to the actual moment of embarrassment that takes place: the moment in which the slip occurs, and the distinct socio-cultural moment that shapes Freud's case studies. For Freud himself, the context is fin de siècle Vienna, a period labelled as a version of modernity caught in the tension between cultural productivity and interpersonal alienation. The first recorded occurrence of the Freudian slip was when Freud himself suffered the unfathomable humiliation of not remembering the name of the painter Signorelli, thus embarking on a complex explanation of the various unconscious mechanisms at play. In ‘Interrupting everyday life: The socio-cultural dimension of the Freudian slip’, Ruth Schor revisits these early case studies with the help of an iconic guidebook, revealing a telling first account of a well-known glitch as part of an indicative study of a legendary cultural milieu.

Manifestations of workplace ostracism: an insight into academics' psychological well-being

PurposeOstracism is a subjective and relative concept that renders itself to multiple manifestations and context-specific outcomes. Therefore, this study identified specific behaviours that are perceived as workplace ostracism by teaching faculty of Pakistani Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). Building on belongingness theory, the ramifications of ostracism on psychological well-being are outlined along with the context-specific factors that shape these outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA phenomenological approach was adopted, and 30 semi-structured interviews from the teaching faculty of HEIs in Lahore, Pakistan, were conducted. The transcribed interviews were coded, and an inductive thematic analysis via NVivo 12 Plus software was used to generate themes and sub-themes.FindingsFive behaviours, i.e. biased treatment, exclusion from formal and informal interactions, interpersonal alienation, delayed sharing or hiding of knowledge, lack of work-related, social and emotional support constituted the acts of ostracism in studied HEIs. The psychological well-being of faculty suffered in terms of negative emotions, reduced job, career and life satisfaction in their work and family life. The contextual factors deciding the intensity of outcomes resulting from workplace encompassed head of department (HOD) support, pay, friendly relations, fear of confrontation, alternative job options and designation of faculty members.Originality/valueThis research is a pioneer in using an in-depth phenomenological approach to define a behavioural typology of ostracism in academia. Moreover, a much needed holistic outcome of psychological well-being is explored in work and non-work domains and further elucidated in light of context-specific factors.

Psychological Risk Factors for the Development of Restrictive and Bulimic Eating Behaviors: A Polish and Vietnamese Comparison.

The aim of this paper is to identify psychological factors which are culture specific or common predictors for restrictive and bulimic behaviors towards eating for young women raised in different cultures. The study included 661 young women from Poland (n = 233) and Vietnam (n = 428). Subjects filled-in the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-3) and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS), and body measurements were collected to calculate anthropometric indices. Women form Vietnam were less satisfied with their appearance than were their Polish peers, but Vietnamese showed a lower level of preoccupation with being overweight and fear of obesity. Intercultural differences indicate that Vietnamese women show greater intensities for psychological variables, connected with restrictive and bulimic eating behaviors, verified in the research model: low self-esteem, personal alienation, interpersonal insecurity, interpersonal alienation, emotional dysregulation, interoceptive deficits, perfectionism and asceticism, and anxiety.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ И КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ САМОЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ КАК «SOFT SKILLS» БУДУЩИХ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ

Problem and purpose. Many researchers connect competence with being educated, possessing necessary knowledge and experience, with effectiveness and correctness of fulfilling some activity. However, in fact, it is not knowledge itself or skills, or personal qualities and abilities but first of all the assuredness of one’s own competence that is the most powerful motivational condition which determines the behavior of a person in a concrete situation, particularly, in a situation uncertainty. In this connection it is very important for a person nowadays to develop the ability to independently determine his or her chances for coping with specific and complex tasks and influence the effectiveness of activity as a whole (self-efficacy of a future specialist) as well as to effect it in the process of communication (communicative self-efficacy of a future specialist. The purpose of the article is to discuss the interrelation of the notions “communicative self-efficacy” and “communicative competence”, and to study the pedagogical conditions that are necessary for their development in university students. Methodology of the study is based on analysis and generalization of research works by foreign and Russian scientists recognized by scientific community, the experience of university students’ professional training in its communicative aspect. Results. The interrelation of communicative competence and communicative self-efficacy is revealed. The author’s position in understanding the essence of communicative self-efficacy and its substantial characteristics is designated. Some results allowing to speak about the relevance of students’ communicative self-efficacy formation are presented. The pedagogical conditions for the formation of students’ communicative self-efficacy are also indicated. Conclusion. The ideas presented in the article make it possible to consider the communicative aspect of students’ professional training under a particular angle. The author is convinced that the work on the development of communicative competence and communicative self-efficacy is very important for a contemporary specialist because these skills help a person to be successful in his or her profession [Kovchina et al., 2017, p.44 -46]. In addition, at contemporary students’ excessive dedication to virtual communication to the detriment of real communication is obvious. It leads to interpersonal alienation, to a kind of “social self-isolation,” to inability of effectively interacting with others in various situations, particularly in solving professional tasks.

Особливості схильності до розладів харчової поведінки серед підлітків, які дотримуються дієти поза призначенням лікаря

In the article, the impact of «diet» is considered that is used by adolescentsoutside medical prescription for controlling their weight, emotional state andmaintaining self-esteem.The researches for the last ten years are analyzed, the psychosocial factorsof predisposition to the formation of disorders of eating behavior amongadolescents are explained and described. In order to solve the problems wehave formed a sample of respondents: adolescents aged 12–14 years fromTernopil and Lviv schools. At the beginning of the study, 347 questionnaireswere received, 88 of them were included in the experimental group. Participantswere offered diagnostic materials, in particular: The Eating DisorderImpairment Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scalescreening scale.According to the results of work we described five aspects of predispositionto eating disorder among adolescents. Key among of them is body dissatisfactionand low self-esteem. It is established that low self-esteem intensifiesfixation on the problem areas of the body by increasing the desire forharmony, and the unproductive use of rigid diets or restrictions in the amountof food gives a sense of control over emotions and thoughts. At the same time,it is indicated that the anxiety that is felt in this regard affects the propensityto interpersonal alienation. It is concluded that depression and uncontrolledovereating might act as independent triggers for the distress and modifyingfactors supporting the development of eating disorders are the fear of ripeningand perfectionism.The materials described in the article provide grounds for considering theresults as a screening model for eating disorder, which may be proposed foruse in psycho-educational work with adolescents.

Translation and Evaluation of the Reliability and Validity of Eating Disorder Inventory -3 Questionnaire Among Iranian University Students

Background: Eating disorder inventory (EDI) is a self-reported questionnaire which has been used widely for the assessment of symptoms in clinical samples and research. Objectives: In the current study we sought to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian form of the 3rd variant of EDI (EDI-3) questionnaire. Methods: 452 individuals (299 women and 153 men) completed the EDI-3 questionnaire. The translation and back-translation procedure was adopted to provide the Iranian form of the questionnaire. A voluntary response sample of university students among different departments completed the survey in Tehran, Iran. Psychometric aspects of the instrument such as reliability (test-retest analysis and internal consistency), validity (a comparison of known groups) and item correlation with their speculated domain were evaluated. Results: The mean age of participants was 22.31 ± 3.30 and 22.43 ± 4.41 in men and women group respectively. Generally, the questionnaire demonstrated satisfactory reliability and all domains yield the minimal reliability standards (intra- class correlation and Cronbach’s alpha > 0.6), unless asceticism and interpersonal alienation in both women and men (Cronbach’s alpha for two items in both groups were < 0.4). Correlation matrix also demonstrated satisfactory results in all territories except asceticism and interpersonal alienation. The content validity for both clarity and relevancy indices was 0.8 or higher (for 87 out of 91 questions). Conclusions: The current study has yielded some introductory proof of the reliability and validity of the EDI-3 to be applied in Iran, albeit additional research is needed to carry out discriminant or convergent (concurrent) validation procedures in eating disorder patients.