Internship Stage Research Articles

Three-dimensional printed model of impacted third molar for surgical extraction training.

Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars is one of the most common surgical procedures performed at dental clinics; however effective training models for teaching oral surgery to dental students are limited. This study aimed to use three-dimension (3D) printing technology to develop an effective training model forimpacted third molar extraction. The data for the 3D model were digitally processed using high-resolution computed tomography, and two common, but different patterns of impacted third molars were simulated using computer-aided design. Thereafter, the model was printed using the 3D-printing technology, and the efficiency of the 3D-printed model and an animal model (pig mandible) were compared using a five-point Likert scale by 35 oral surgeons in the oral surgery department and 208 students of stomatology in the internship stage. The 3D-printed model consisted of three parts: a non-replaceable part (i.e., the body of the mandible and the teeth from the left first molar to the right first molar) and two replaceable parts (i.e., the part of the ascending ramus of the mandible, as well as the second and third molars). It was covered with a layer of rubber-like material to simulate the gingiva. For the comparison between the 3D-printed and animal models, a total of 205 questionnaires were collected. Both oral surgeons and students agreed that the 3D-printed model was better than the animal model in terms of total value and the anatomy of the bone and teeth, simulating the surgical procedure (p<0.05), while the two models achieved similar results for haptic feedback of the soft tissue (p>0.05). The 3D-printed model is realistic and effective for learning impacted third molar extraction and received positive feedback from students and oral surgeons. This model can significantly improve the pre-clinical skill training of dental students.

Transcultural Adaptation of Tibetan Nursing Trainees: A Case Study of "9+3" Vocational Technical Students in Sichuan Province, China.

BackgroundNursing education is an important part of the “9+3” vocational education program led by Sichuan Province. In the internship stage, nursing students of Tibetan ethnicity may have problems of intercultural adaptation in the process of getting along with patients, which may affect the effective nursing outcome. The purpose of this study was to clarify the current situation of transcultural adaptation of Tibetan trainee nurses and to provide more theoretical support and guidance.Material/MethodsWe collected 237 valid survey questionnaires, based on Ward’s acculturation process model, from a total of 363 Tibetan trainee nurses in the “9+3” free vocational education program in Chengdu, Luzhou, and Nanchong of Sichuan Province. The SPSSAU project (2020), an online application software retrieved from https://www.spssau.com, was used for data coding and archiving.ResultsThe results of questionnaire and data analysis showed that the overall level of transcultural adaptation of Tibetan trainee nurses was that the number of people with poor adaptation was slightly higher than those with good adaptation, and most Tibetan trainee nurses were in the middle level. Meanwhile, sociocultural adaptation was better than psychological adaptation. There were no statistically significant differences among the 4 grouping variables: gender, student home region, the city where the internship hospital was located, and whether they were from a single-child family or not.ConclusionsThe results revealed that there was still transcultural maladjustment among Tibetan nurses in the internship stage, and the psychological maladjustment was more obvious than the sociocultural maladjustment. We provide countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problems of transcultural adaptation reflected in the research.

Investigation on Psychological Health and Resilience of Clinical Nursing Students in “Post-Pandemic Era”

The study aims to learn about the psychological health and counseling situation of nursing students in the post-pandemic era through investigation on the psychological health, resilience and counseling demand of nursing students by randomly selecting clinical nursing students interned in a Grade III Level A hospital in Guangzhou from June 2020 to January 2021 as the objects of study. The internship can be divided into three stages: initial (1st - 3rd month), middle (4th - 7th month) and final (8th - 12th month). The investigator educated the nursing students about psychological health in the initial stage to improve their adaptability to clinical practice. Then they were given questionnaires including Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and general questionnaires. And this study further completed difference analysis on psychological health and resilience in gender, educational background, internship stages and non-only/only children. It turned out that all factors scored above the national norm except anxiety in nine symptom clusters and three dimensions of CD-RISC. As for the scores of four factors of somatization, interpersonal relationship, hostility and bigotry and three dimensions of tenacity, optimism and strength in the CD-RISC, the difference was considered to indicate statistical significance (P < 0.001). Among factors affecting the psychological health of clinical nursing students, score differences involving somatization and compulsion (P < 0.001, P < 0.05) under different educational backgrounds showed statistically significant. With regard to different clinical stages, there were significant differences in somatization, compulsion, tenacity and strength (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). Finally, the conclusion is drawn that, during the period of pandemic prevention and control, the overall psychological status of clinical nursing students was good, but there remain part of cases with mild psychological problems that cannot be ignored. In the post-pandemic era, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of teaching groups of clinical hospitals to psychological counseling for nursing students.

A MODEL FOR A FUNCTIONAL AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTERNSHIP PROGRAM FOR HOSPITALITY EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

The main objective of this study is to develop a functional and responsive entrepreneurial internship model for the Philippine Hospitality Management Education program. Mixed methods research design was employed using a combination of the following: a survey that contained an assessment of compliance to a checklist from the Philippines’ Commission on Higher Education [CHED] Student Internship Program in the Philippines [SIPP] Requirements, a survey questionnaire containing proposed requirements for the quantitative portion of the study, and a semi-structured interview with key informants was utilized for the qualitative side. The study showed that there were no significant differences in the level of compliance to CHED’s SIPP between autonomous and non-autonomous HEIs. Moreover, the elements of an entrepreneurial internship program namely entrepreneurial objectives, internship trainer/facilitator, pre-entrepreneurial internship stage, entrepreneurial internship stage, and post-entrepreneurial internship stage were perceived to be important but non-existent in most hospitality management internship programs.

The Determinants of Family Support of Lung TB Patients in Consuming Anti Tuberculosis Medicine in Polonia Health Center Medan

Tuberculosis treatment requires a relatively long time with two stages, namely the internship stage and the advanced stage. The number of drugs that must be taken and the toxicity and side effects of the drug can be a barrier in the completion of therapy for tuberculosis patients. Tackling tuberculosis through the provision of anti-tuberculosis drugs (OAT) in the DOTS Directly Observation Treatment Strategy (DOTS). Compliance with TB drugs is not done regularly, not according to the time of treatment, and the use of anti-tuberculosis (OAT) drugs will not adequately cause resistance to OAT or what is called Multi Drugs Resistance (MDR). This study aims to determine the factors that influence family support in patients with pulmonary TB in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs in Polonia Health Center Medan in 2019. The type of research used in this study is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional study design. The population was all Category I Lung Tuberculosis patients who were registered at the Polonia Health Center Medan from October to November 2019. The total sampling was 48 samples. In this study, bivariate and multivariate test analyses were performed using multiple logistic regression formulas. The result showed that there is an influence of patient's family support in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs, there is an influence of taking patient's medication in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs in the Polonia Health Center Medan in 2019. The family suggested involving in taking anti-tuberculosis drugs.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: tuberculosis; family support; supervision of taking medication; patients

The role of tourism and hospitality companies in ensuring an effective internship process

Tourism and hospitality education has only been provided in Latvia as a separate curriculum relatively recently. According to legislation, the curriculum should consist of study courses, internships and the state exam.&#x0D; Cooperation between all stakeholders is crucial in order to achieve the goal of internship – to increase students’ knowledge and to develop skills in the study area chosen. The purpose of this study is to explore cooperation between higher educational establishments and companies targeted at enhancing students’ employability skills. The survey was conducted in Latvia by addressing managers of 154 tourism and hospitality industry companies in 2014. The findings showed that only 51.30% of the companies plan interns’ job assignment during internship on the basis of an internship programme and in 35.06% of the cases higher educational establishments do not contact internship companies for feedback at all. This means that, despite the importance of internships in developing students’ skills, cooperation among all stakeholders does not proceed in the best possible manner. It is suggested to improve cooperation at all stages of internship – at the planning, organisational and control stages.

Educação não formal: potencialidades e limitações na formação do futuro professor de ciências e biologia

Neste estudo se apresenta parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado cujo objetivo é analisar limites e potencialidades de atuação em espaços não formais de educação, durante a formação inicial de professores de Ciências e Biologia. Por meio de conversa em grupo focal e entrevista com licenciandos do curso de Ciências Biológicas, em fase de estágio supervisionado em ambientes não formais de educação, foi possível identificar limites dos espaços em suas formações, como a ausência de contato prévio e a preparação de aula que atenda as especificidades dos alunos que irão receber nesses espaços. Como potencialidades presentes nesses locais, citaram os diferentes públicos, faixas etárias e espaços onde ocorre a educação. Apesar das limitações, os espaços de educação não formal proporcionam o desenvolvimento de habilidades que contribuem para a formação do licenciando como futuro profissional. Isso permite deslocar suas concepções sobre educação para um conceito mais amplo que se dá pelo diálogo com diferentes saberes.

Effects of mindfulness on professional identity among undergraduate nursing students in early stage of clinical internship

Objective To explore the effects of mindfulness on professional identity among undergraduate nursing students in early stage of clinical internship. Methods By convenience sampling, 156 undergraduate nursing students on clinical internship in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Harbin were selected as participants in this study. Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) , and Questionnaire for Baccalaureate Nursing Students (QBNS) were used in the study. A total of 156 questionnaires were distributed with 148 valid ones retrieved. Results The 148 undergraduate nursing students got a total of (130.54±25.78) points from FFMQ, and (80.83±10.96) points from QBNS. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that three dimensions of mindfulness, discription and non-judgement could explain 28.1% of the variations in the undergraduate nursing students' professional identity during the early stage of clinical internship. Conclusions The level of mindfulness is the main influencing factor on the undergraduate nursing students' professional identity during early stage of clinical internship. Nursing educators should enhance the mindfulness training for the undergraduate nursing students in order to improve their professional identity. Key words: Student, nursing; Education, medicine, undergraduate; Clinical internship; Professional identity; Mindfulness

护理专业实习生实习初期人文关怀能力对职业认同感的影响

护理专业实习生实习初期人文关怀能力对职业认同感的影响

A formação inicial de professores de Educação Física alinhada às perspectivas históricas: do estágio à prática pedagógica

This paper work tries to reflect on some determinants in the historical process of initial teachers’ education in physical education, in order to exhibit the challenges that permeate the triad: education, internship and pedagogical practice. Through the theoretical-bibliographical contribution, it was settled down a debate about the historical teachers’ education, passing through the Physical Education’s specificity, followed by a description of the implications present in the paths covered by the person who is in education process. The time in college up to their reflective practice within the school environment has been approached. From the theoretical contributions evidenced, it is possible that the teacher, at the beginning of his career, can re-signify his pedagogical action so that the rational and technical bias of his education are not the only paths of absolute truth. Therefore, the internship stages contribute to this full of reflective intentionalities construct.

Students' Assessments about InfoStart Internship Program, in Economic Informatics and Cybernetics

This paper provides an overview about the expectations and assessment of students attending the internship program in Economic Informatics and Cybernetics, developed within InfoStart program, organized at the Faculty of Economic Informatics, Cybernetics and Statistics, from Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania. 397 students accomplished 3 weeks internship stage, in May 2015, within InfoStart program. In order to identify the expectations of the students from the target group, a sociological survey has been conducted at the beginning of InfoStart program. At the end of the internship program, developed within the project, the attending students fulfilled self-evaluation reports. So 397 completed self-evaluation reports have been achieved and used to set up the analysis. The students' responses reveal a very successful internship program in Economic Informatics and Cybernetics, in term of program quality, program utility, students' self-assessment behavior, and companies' employee behavior. The results reveal that three internship factors, namely: a pleasant working environment, good working infrastructure and proficient trainer, get students overall satisfaction of the internship stage.

Creating a New Type of Laboratory Science Practice Teaching Mode by WeChat

This paper is aimed at creating a new type of Laboratory Science Practice Teaching Mode by means of WeChat .We will explore innovatively Laboratory Science intern teaching work by means of WeChat combined with the teaching form of flipping classroom to change the roles of teachers and students , so as to improve students' learning initiative and autonomous learning ability. In order to make interns during the internship stage have a better sense of responsibility, sense of mission, apply medical knowledge to the future clinical work better and equip themselves with the ability to communicate well with clinics and patients. Therefore, they are able to become a qualified tester who can better serve patients and the clinical service.Establishing and applying laboratory science WeChat planform, the Clinical laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University has received consistent appreciation from the medical staff and patients after half a year's trial run period. While perfecting Laboratory Science brand, it provides a new service mode for the development of the clinical laboratory, new ideas for the clinical practice teaching mode so that interns of Laboratory Science will have due qualification and ability as a Laboratory Science Major. We believe that with the further development of WeChat platform, Laboratory Medicine will provide more accurate, timely and high-quality service for patients and clinical work.

Investigation and analysis of clinical learning environment among nursing students

Objective To understand the current status of clinical learning environment among nursing students so as to provide a scientific basis for strengthening teaching management and improving clinical learning environment. Methods A total of 148 nursing students at a class Ⅲ grade A hospital were selected by convenient cluster sampling in November 2016. They were investigated with the nursing clinical learning environment scale (NCLES) . At the same time, this study analyzed the differences in clinical learning environment among nursing students with different characteristics. Results The total score of NCLES of nursing students was (3.81±0.48) . The scores of dimensions from high to were (4.06±0.52) in task orientation, (3.95±0.59) in innovation, (3.94±0.53) in working atmosphere and group culture, (3.88±0.56) in interpersonal relationships, (3.79±0.65) in personalization, (3.26±0.53) in student involvement. There were no statistically significant differences in the total score of NCLES of nursing students among different sexes, educational background and internship stages (P>0.05) . However, there were statistically significant differences in the scores of the dimension of student involvement among different educational background and sexes (P<0.05) . Conclusions The evaluation of nursing students on clinical learning environment is on an average level especially in the respects of personalization and student involvement. This points out that the clinical learning environment of nursing students needs to be constantly improved. In the aspect of student involvement, targeted teaching should be adopted for nursing students according to different sexes and educational background. Key words: Education, nursing; Surveys and questionnaires; Trainee; Clinical teaching; Learning environment

Knowledge of Medical Students about Pathological Reports

Background: Considering that the only way to transfer data between the pathologist and the medical staff, particularly the therapeutic physician, is a documented report that serves as a base for the physician to diagnose the type, stage and beginning indications of the disease, it stands to reason that the therapeutic physician must possess sufficient proficiency in the comprehension of the pathological report. We aimed is to measure the ability of a medical student to correctly understand a pathological report at the end of a course of study. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The subjects were 60 interns chosen randomly at different stages of internship. Each participant was given either a traditional or newspaper report format. Then, the questionnaires were handed out to assess the results. Results: Overall, 61% of the participants answered the questionnaire. Depending on the topic of the report, there was a highly significant 44-73% differential in the answers given. On the other hand, in comparing the actual formats (traditional and newspaperial), no significant difference was observed. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the reports of those interns with more experience. Conclusion: The study showed that possessing more proficiency in the topic had the most impact on the quality of the reports. Furthermore, the reports showed a more thorough understanding when the subject possessed better knowledge of a less complicated topic. Lastly, changing the format of the reports from traditional to newspaperial did not increase the level of comprehension. Keywords: PATHOLOGY, REPORT, MEDICAL STUDENT

Current status of compassion fatigue level among nursing students at the late stage of internship and its influencing factors

Objective The Chinese version of professional questionnaire in nurses' quality of life was used to understand the present situation and related factors of compassion fatigue of nursing students at the late stage of internship. Methods A total of 201 nursing students at the late stage of internship in the Nursing College of Capital Medical University were selected for the questionnaire of general information and Professional Quality of Life Scale. The SPSS 22.0 was used to compare the general information and scores of scale, and the multiple linear regressions of influencing factors. Results The study showed that the score of compassion satisfaction was (50.00±10.00) score, and the score of occupational burnout was 52.66 (43.41, 58.21) ; and the score of secondary traumatic stress was 47.34 (43.81, 54.38) . The multiple linear regressions showed that factors were summarized as follows: reasonable scheduling, competence, social support and professional thought. Conclusions At the late stage of internship, the present situation of compassion fatigue is not optimistic, mainly manifested as low compassion satisfaction and high job burnout, which should attract the concerns of educators. Key words: Students, nursing; The late stage of internship; Compassion fatigue; Influencing factors

Cultivation of clinical pathological quality of non-pathological-specialty medical undergraduates

Clinical medical workers should the and the cultivation of the clinical pathological quality needs to start from the undergraduate course of medical students. In the past 6 years, based on the platform of undergraduate pathology science and technology innovation, and histology research platform of Department of Pathology, and through the creation of the clinical pathology elective courses and other forms, the researchers have given medical undergraduates the systematical and standardized training of the concept, knowledge, skills and application of pathology to develop their clinical and pathological quality during basic courses, professional courses and internship stage of a medical undergraduate. Practice shows that the relevant teaching measures enable students to fully understand the importance of clinical pathology, and improve their ability to apply clinical and pathological knowledge to solve clinical problems. Key words: Medical undergraduates; Non pathological specialty; Clinical pathological Literacy; Clinical pathological discussion

Path Analysis on the Factors Influencing Learning Outcome for Hospitality Interns–From the Flow Theory Perspective

Learning outcome is an important indicator for educators in evaluating curriculum design. The focus of this study has been to examine the factors within internship programs, recognizing the complex nature of knowledge application in a practical industry environment. Flow theory was adopted to explain the psychological state of hospitality students during internship and relate it to their learning outcome. A total of 152 responses were collected via self-administrated questionnaires from hospitality students at their initial and final stages of internship in Taiwan. Results from SEM analysis indicate that both skill and the challenge from work have significant influence on the interns’ flow experience, wherein skill has a positive influence, while challenge does not. The flow theory was well confirmed at the final stage of the internship, which becomes the complete mediator for the skill and challenge to influence the learning outcome. Learning for the interns is not exclusively concerned with skill improvement, but includes a process to overcome the unfamiliarity of the challenge, which consequently leads to a direct positive effect on learning. Thus, proper challenge and improvement of skill are important counterparts, which influence the learning outcome simultaneously, where each of them cannot result in the proper learning outcome alone. The practical implication, which can be derived, is that proper cooperation between the educator and the intern supervisor should create an environment for optimum skill development, in which the challenge is balanced with the acquired new skills. Achieving such a balance via flow will facilitate a better learning outcome.

Influencing factors for needlestick injuries in student nurses

To investigate the needlestick injuries in student nurses during nine months of in-ternship in our hospital, and reveal the high-risk periods, risk procedures, and influencing factors for needlestick injuries, and explore the prevention approaches. Three hundred and fifty student nurses who interned at our hospital from April to December 2014 and from July 2014 to March 2015 were surveyed using self-de-signed questionnaires. Three hundred and forty questionnaires were recovered and 334 out of them were valid. Data were collected and questionnaires were analyzed. The incidence of needlestick injuries was 60.8%; the incidence of needlestick injuries was substantially higher at the early stage than at the late stage of the internship, and higher in the day shift than in the night shift. Moreover, the incidence of needlestick injuries was the highest during the removal of a syringe or infusion needle, accounting for 24.3% of the total incidence. Some other significant factors for needlestick injuries in student nurses included education level, reports on oc-cupational exposure, constant update of nursing knowledge, regular hematological examination, and relevant training experiences. According to 61.7% of student nurses, clinical operations were affected due to underlying concern about needlestick injuries. More attention should be paid to high incidence of needlestick injuries in student nurses, especially at the early stage of their internship. To reduce the incidence of needlestick injuries, education on occupational protection should be given to student nurses in advance, and the pre-job training should be enhanced.

Investigation on nursing professional values of student nurses

Objective To investigate the state of nursing professional values of student nurses and its changing patterns during different internship stages .Methods To investigate a group of 120 student nurses before and after the internship stages with Nursing Professional Values Scale-R（ NPVS-R） .Results The results showed significant differences of nursing professional values during different stages of internship .During the stage of pre-internship：[female：（105.87 ±14.56）, male（100.49 ±5.56）];[college students：（108.98 ± 14.56）, bachelor students： （106.49 ±5.56）]; [single child： （100.87 ±14.56）, non-single child：（105.49 ±5.56）];[limited economic access： （105.87 ±14.56）, wealthy： （100.49 ±5.56）], and the differences were significant （t=2.47, 2.22, 2.41, 2.47, respectively;P<0.05）.During the stage of post-internship [female：（107.54 ±15.12）, male： （101.39 ±6.43）]; [ college students： （111.54 ±15.12）, bachelor students：（108.39 ±6.43）]; [ single child： （103.54 ±15.12）, non -single child：（107.39 ± 6.43）];[limited economic access： （107.54 ±15.12）, wealthy： （102.39 ±6.43）], and the differences were significant （t=2.52, 2.30, 2.44, 2.59, respectively;P<0.05）.During the stage of pre-internship：trust scored （3.64 ±0.51）, responsibility safety scored （3.39 ±0.46）, action reliability scored （3.09 ± 0.54）, care provide level scored （3.39 ±4.45）.During the stage of post -internship, the scores were （3.95 ±0.45）, （3.45 ±0.54）, （3.12 ±0.66）, （3.41 ±4.41）.Conclusions The start of nursing professional values among student nurses was relatively low .In clinical teaching and training , the instructors should put emphasis on professional values and emotion .When educating and demonstrating the student nurses , instructors can lift the professional values so that it can be established properly . Key words: Student nurses; Professional values; Investigation

Developing the evidence base for training and education in professional psychology.

The changing of the cover color of Training and Education in Professional Psychology (TEPP) connotes a change in the editorial team. In making the transition, we greatly appreciate the efforts of the inaugural editorial team for their significant activities in establishing the journal: Emil Rodolfa, Debora Bell, Kathleen Bieschke, Claytie Davis III, Roger Peterson, and later, Robert Hatcher. The field expresses collective thanks for their vision and excellent work. We also acknowledge the contributions of the authors and cadre of reviewers in creating and shaping the content over six volumes. Rodolfa (2006), in the inaugural issue of this journal, articulated that TEPP would be “a professional forum that will allow members of our profession to contribute to the professional dialogues” (p. 1). TEPP is developing a strong tradition and will continue to evolve over time as its influence on the process of preparing professional psychologists becomes increasingly clear. We value the opportunity to serve as editors to move TEPP forward in impacting the discipline and profession of psychology. TEPP reflects not only the education and training community but also the multifaceted world in which the educational process takes trainees through the stages of predoctoral, doctoral, internship, and postdoctoral preparation occurs. TEPP can be a catalytic resource as the educational community moves away from “model