Internet Literature Research Articles

Author, Narrative and the Impact of Internet Literature Upon Print Literature in China

Abstract Internet literature gains tremendous popularity in China with the coming of the digital era. In response to the emergence of the large body of Internet literature, this article examines the Internet literary tendencies observable in China by systematically analysing four issues concerning Internet literature. Based on retrospecting of the history of Chinese Internet Literature (CIL), the study first describes the uniqueness of CIL during its evolution. Then, this study categorizes CIL from three perspectives, namely, the author groups, the genre of the text, and the fiction narrative style. In the third part, this study explores the positive impact of CIL in terms of its interactivity, how it changes the creators’ mode of thinking, how it expands literary genres, the convergence and fusion of print literary genres in CIL, and the shifts in dissemination. The negative impact of Chinese internet literature is also discussed including how vulgar and shallow works impact the depth of print literature, how figurative language limit the readers’ imagination, and how CIL challenges the traditional publishing market. In the end, the far-reaching changes and possible future trends of CIL are discussed.

Religion, secularism, and postsecularism in Chinese internet literature

Abstract Internet literature emerged in China in the 1990s and became commercialized in the early 2000s, with readers paying an access fee, which is split between literary platforms and their contracted writers, to access popular novels. While the most popular genre is fantasy, a type of imaginative literature devoted to invoking magic beyond the limits of empirical reality and scientific rationality, the primary source of magic for Chinese fantasy is traditional Chinese cosmology and its concrete applications in everyday practices. These ideas and practices, the onto-epistemic-practical foundation of Chinese religion before the twentieth century, were considered superstitious and targeted for elimination in modernizing and secularization processes. However, they have not only survived but taken up a new life in fantasy novels, which depict them as the antecedents of, alternatives to, or more advanced forms than modern scientific endeavors at engineering natural environments and enhancing human bodies. This is why I see online fantasy literature as a palimpsest bearing the traces of Chinese religion, Chinese secularism, and the social conditions of contemporary China. In bearing such traces, this literature exemplifies the postsecular.

Creepypasta and Internet Literature: Unmasking Digital Horrors and the Evolution of Contemporary Storytelling

Creepypasta and Internet Literature: Unmasking Digital Horrors and the Evolution of Contemporary Storytelling

Despair and Hope in Nonsense: A Study of the Subcultural Ritual of YouthTaking "Crazy Literature" as an Example

In the era of intelligent communication, the phenomenon of folk discourse production in online society is increasingly common. From the initial roaring style to the prevalent crazy literature today, various so-called internet literature emerges endlessly, becoming a media spectacle and also giving various forms of expression to the subculture of despair. Although crazy literature belongs to the category of the subcultural ritual of despair, those who are despairing are not despairing. Young people release emotions in despair through hysterical nonsense, and seek hope by establishing emotional connections with others in the same circle. This paper analyzes crazy literature from the perspective of interactive ritual chains, explores the formation mechanism of discourse carnival, and reveals the cultural symptoms behind crazy literature, providing a pathway for understanding crazy literature and the culture of despair.

Despair and Hope in Nonsense: A Study of the Subcultural Ritual of YouthTaking "Crazy Literature" as an Example

In the era of intelligent communication, the phenomenon of folk discourse production in online society is increasingly common. From the initial roaring style to the prevalent crazy literature today, various so-called internet literature emerges endlessly, becoming a media spectacle and also giving various forms of expression to the subculture of despair. Although crazy literature belongs to the category of the subcultural ritual of despair, those who are despairing are not despairing. Young people release emotions in despair through hysterical nonsense, and seek hope by establishing emotional connections with others in the same circle. This paper analyzes crazy literature from the perspective of interactive ritual chains, explores the formation mechanism of discourse carnival, and reveals the cultural symptoms behind crazy literature, providing a pathway for understanding crazy literature and the culture of despair.

TRANSFORMATION OF LITERATURE GENRES ON THE INTERNET(on the example of Kazakh authors)

This article discusses the genre typology of online literature based on works of art by Kazakh authors published and promoted on Internet platforms and social networks. The purpose of the article is to identify modifications of traditional genres in the online environment. Therefore, the main direction is to describe the subgenres that have arisen between traditional book-format literature and digital literature. Studying the transformation of literary genres on the Internet is relevant for understanding the evolution of literature under the influence of technologies and expands theoretical knowledge about Internet literature. In the course of the study, such scientific methods were used as an analysis based on comparative historical, typological, hermeneutic, cultural and historical methods of works of Kazakh literature published in electronic resources and an analysis of the factors that subject to the transformation of the genre and types of canonical genres was also carried out. As a result of the study, an assessment was made of the state of formation and development of developing electronic literature in Kazakhstan, and specific aspects of online literature were identified. Internet platforms where domestic authors are published were analyzed. It was concluded that the state of development of the modern literary process led to the assumption that, over time, several new types and genres of literary works are being formed on the Internet. It has been established that although samples of traditional literature in the Kazakh language are actively published on the Internet in the form of electronic versions, new technologies and the Internet have remained relatively the exact structure of works.The topic of Internet literature is very well developed and researched in Western and European countries. The value of this study is determined by the fact that a broad analysis of literary genres on the Internet was carried out using the example of domestic authors. The study's practical significance lies in using its results for the development of educational programs and the popularization of Kazakh literature on the Internet. The results of this study make it possible to use the obtained theoretical results and the collected material in the courses of modern literature and the media sphere.

Research on the Impact of Internet Literature Protagonist Role Setting on Moral Education in Colleges and Universities Based on the Perspective of Big Data Technology

Throughout history, literary works have played a significant role in education, network literature has emerged as a prominent form of literature, captivating the interest of college students. The character portrayals in network literature have a profound impact on the formation of their personalities and their approach to daily life. However, it is essential to acknowledge that some network literature works are poorly crafted, resorting to incestuous and pornographic content for popularity, and plagiarism is rampant. Therefore, with the help of big data technology, we should use information collection, information integration, scientific prediction and other data methods to accurately identify and dialectically look at Internet literature, correctly analyze the setting of the protagonist's role in it, and think about the positive and negative impacts it has brought about. The correct guidance of college students in reading network literature should be carried out from the perspectives of the state, online platforms, and educational institutions. By doing so, network literature can become a catalyst for moral education in higher education.

Gendered keywords as entry points: the construction and evolution of nüpin and nüxing-xiang in Chinese Internet literature

ABSTRACT China’s Internet literature (CIL) epitomises one of the most vibrant platformised cultural sectors in China and is characterised by a distinct gender demarcation. This paper critically revisits the history of its gendered development by identifying nüpin (women’s channel) and nüxing-xiang (women-oriented) as keywords in China’s cultural sphere. Drawing from platform studies and cultural studies, the study examines the power dynamics underpinning the construction and evolution of nüpin and nüxing-xiang, and the implications for their normalisation. My research finds that nüpin is established on patriarchal assumptions that prescriptively confine women’s literature to certain genres as a point of difference for market competition. Additionally, while nüxing-xiang started as a community identity, it later became incorporated into the nüpin effect through the increasing convergence of CIL and multimedia sectors. By unveiling how individual platforms, users, market forces, gender norms, and power relations intersect to shape the trajectories of these keywords, this article lays the groundwork for interventions to challenge the prevailing gendered binarity in CIL.

A Brief Survey of Dr Robert Seror's Internet Literature as digested from his page, http://www.homeoint.org/seror/>, on <www.homeoint.org>

A Brief Survey of Dr Robert Seror's Internet Literature as digested from his page, http://www.homeoint.org/seror/>, on <www.homeoint.org>

Sketch in the contemporary social-communication space: development trends

Introduction. The contemporary stage of mass media development is marked by a change in the genre system. One of the genres that has almost disappeared from traditional media, but actively reacted to the emergence of the network space and became part of it, is undergoing transformational processes, is the sketch. Relevance and goal. Understanding the trends in the development of sketches at the current stage is relevant, as it provides an opportunity to look at the place and role of this genre in the social and communication space in a new way. The purpose of the study is to outline the trends in the functioning of the sketch genre in the contemporary social and communication space. Methodology. The research used the methods of scientific literature analysis, analysis and synthesis, typological analysis, and systematization. The chosen methods made it possible to find out the general features of the development of the sketch genre in the Ukrainian social and communication space. Results. A survey of traditional media showed that today the sketch is almost not presented in them. However, this genre has not completely disappeared, it cannot be classified as marginal. Currently, the sketch is undergoing a process of revival and transformation, reflecting those processes that are characteristic of the contemporary period of development of media activity – the era of post-journalism. Social networks have become a successful platform for its implementation, where this genre acquires a new genre dimension. The most optimal way to realize the genre “status” of a sketch is Facebook – a social communication platform that provides for small-format posts, an active authorial position, which is characteristic of the genre we are considering. The sketch adapts to the conditions of network discourse, so its genre model also changes: the presentation style is simplified, the visual component is strengthened, etc. The communicative approach to writing is also changing: from the genre of a professional sketch, it is transformed into a genre of amateur journalism. Network sketches became the catalyst of a new socio-communication phenomenon – network literature (virtual literature, Internet literature). Sketches “outgrow” the boundaries of social media and find a literary embodiment in individual publications. The modern media space is characterized by the functioning of both traditional types of sketches and the latest forms. Conclusions. Sketches are becoming more and more in demand in the modern social and communication space. This genre adapted to the requirements of the “network” discourse and became an integral part of it.

Internet Memes In China: Cultural Image Macros of Code-Switching and Homonymy

Since China joined the Internet in the late 1980s, production and consumption of online cultural merchandise has been proliferating and permeating every section of society, exemplified by Internet literature, animation, comic and game. Meanwhile, there has emerged a veritable kaleidoscope of memes in China’s cyberspace, which are deployed on social media platforms to convey stances, emotions, humorousness, etc. Nonetheless, as a multi-faceted phenomenon, Internet memes fail to attain deserved academic scrutiny, so in this paper, I investigate one subcategory of memes in China’s cyberspace, viz. cultural memes, focusing on image macros that dynamically integrate visual effects and textual information. The text of cultural image macros can be generated via Chinese-English code-switching in the form of alphabetic words that are either idiomatic or related to Internet buzzwords. Alternatively, cultural image macros in China can be generated via homonymy: the vast majority of homonyms are homophones, while a small proportion of them are homographs. The corresponding images in the memes pertain to the inserted English words or constituents that are substituted, thereby complementing the text and strengthening humorous effects.

Machine translation of Chinese internet literature: infringement, exploitation or empowerment

This article analyses the use of machine translation for the translation of Chinese internet literature within fan communities. It underscores the ethical dimensions of user-generated translation, considering fan perspectives. While recognising MT's role in enabling monolingual translators to partake in translation, ethical concerns such as potential infringement and exploitation are addressed. The proposed solution involves collaborative efforts with established platforms or even translation companies. The global market for Chinese internet literature presents prospects for MT integration and collaboration with fans. However, effective utilisation necessitates crucial educational support.

Cost-effective models for microsurgical training

In several surgical subspecialties, microsurgery training is essential. Many microsurgical training models were proposed for over a century. This includes live and non-viable tissue and organic and inorganic models. This investigation was done in a tertiary care plastic surgery department. The article reviews Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and internet literature. We provide cost-effective strategies for teaching residents and juniors in microsurgery and maintaining surgeon skills. Super specialty residents worldwide need microsurgical training. Microsurgical training materials are scarce in certain locations. The foregoing readily available materials help residents practice continuously and consistently to improve their microsurgical confidence and skills.

Digital Globalization, Fan Culture and Transmedia Storytelling: The Rise of Web Fiction as a Burgeoning Literary Genre in China

ABSTRACT Digital globalization has established an interconnected virtual world, and profoundly transformed the landscape of literary practice. Anchored in the digital context, the development of new media technologies has exerted substantial influence on literature's context and mode of existence, giving rise to Internet literature, a new form of literary expression based on interactivity, hypertextuality and multimedia. Over the past two decades, the new media landscape opens up opportunities for the thriving development of Chinese web fiction, which is intrinsically a transmedia, fan-driven and – oriented text. With this in mind, this paper analyzes the rise of Chinese web fiction as a compelling cultural phenomenon, and argues that its operation model presents an exemplary alternative to how literature can benefit from new media technologies and reap the interests of digital globalization.

Development of data retrieval and internet literature based on cloud computing hash algorithm

Development of data retrieval and internet literature based on cloud computing hash algorithm

Other Worlds: A Genealogy from Lu Yao’s Capitalist Realism to Maoni’s Internet Literature

This article elaborates on a genealogy linking the internet literature writer Maoni’s work to the Reform-era writer Lu Yao’s realist epic Ordinary World ( Pingfan de shijie). Most of the works on the popular Qidian platform on which Maoni publishes are shaped by fan-culture-derived (“fannish”) technologies aimed at maximizing reader engagement, which results in a textual community that blurs the lines between writer and reader. The aesthetic that emerges from this community, as illustrated by Maoni’s novel Joy of Life ( Qing yu nian), is one that emphasizes characters over narrative, stresses the delineation of an expansive fictional universe (“world-building”), and frequently cites tropes and intertexts familiar to the novel’s readers. Maoni’s textual community borrows not only from Western fantasy, Japanese ACGN (Anime, Comics, Games, Novels) culture, and pre-modern Chinese literature but also from Lu Yao and the socialist literature that shaped Lu Yao — an influence on Maoni’s internet fiction that remains understudied. Following Maoni’s lead, this article revisits Ordinary World and the institutions that produced it to identify the elements that could be reinscribed as fannish. This genealogy illustrates how configurations of writer, reader, and text with roots in the socialist and early Reform eras are reappropriated by internet literature for radically different ends. It suggests that scholars of internet literature, rather than placing undue stress on a technology-powered rupture with the past, should consider the points of congruence between socialist and postsocialist media ecologies.

ChatGPT: Is this version good for healthcare and research?

Background and aimsThere have been advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning in the past decade. Recently, OpenAI Inc. has launched a new chatbot, called ChatGPT that interacts in a conversational way and its dialogue format makes is user friendly and fast. In this paper we aimed to explore the current position and the accuracy of currently available version of ChatGPT in relation to healthcare and medical research. MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Google databases from 15th to 25th February 2023, using the keywords: ‘ChatGPT’ AND ‘medical research, healthcare, and scientific writing’. We found 29 results in PubMed and 9 results in Scopus database., in English language. In addition, we (RV, AM) interacted with ChatGPT multiple times to review accuracy of responses of various medical questions. ResultsUsing literature search and interactions with ChatGPT with medical questions, we infer that this version generates answers rapidly but narrates data from existing internet literature in a general manner. However, as emphasised by the company in the landing page of ChatGPT, we found errors in responses to medical questions, Further, narrated data were limited up to September 2021. Positive features include admission of its limitations in medical field, and as it has been designed, learning from previous answers. ConclusionCurrent version of ChatGPT may be useful in a limited manner as a narrative AI chatbot for medical personnel, however, researchers are advised to fact check all statements provided, keeping in mind its limitations.

Научно-популярные статьи о животных: речежанровые характеристики и их динамика (на материале советской печати XX века и публикаций в Рунете XXI века)

The article carries out a comparative genre analysis of popular science articles about animals in the Soviet press of the 20th century, and in the Runet of the 21st century. The research is based on a model that includes the following items: animal; author and addressee; society (community of readers of the article about animals) and the state of literature; language. It is shown that the image of an animal in the article about animals is represented by a number of narrative plots: appearance; nutrition; intraspecific relationships; the birth of the young ones; attitude towards a human, which, being universal, reveal a certain dynamics in details. The image of the reader of the article about animals is also relevant: in the 20th century they were presented as a “simple Soviet person” (tendency for self-education, optimism), in the 21st century – a layman observert, in many ways reminiscent of a tourist: their attitude towards the described animals is characterized by superficial curiosity, a share of indifference, non-involvement, non-empathy, however, not excluding sentimentality. As for the dynamics of the article about animals as a speech genre, the most significant changes are the changes in the state of society / literature: “Soviet society ∼ capitalist society”, “pre-Internet literature ∼ Internet literature”. In particular, the Soviet manner of expression, which was restraint, optimistic and humanistic, is changing to permissiveness bordering on dissoluteness, pedaling “the bottom” and agonal plots. Among the linguistic means of expression in the articles about animals, the author focuses on the method of personification (the similarity of an animal to a human), which at all stages of the development of the article about animals is both a constant factor of the additional interest in the animal and a source of a number of productive models of metaphorization. The main sources of “humanizations”, specific images and precedent texts in the articles about animals are art, fiction, cinema, estrade, etc., in modern times – a new mythology created by “Hollywood-Disney”.

Content marketing strategies, accounting and taxation of blogger activities in Ukraine

Introduction. Internet marketing today is one of the most promising areas of marketing development in Ukraine. Blogging as a component of Internet marketing is actively developing and brings significant profits to bloggers. Since blogging is an economic activity, it needs proper reflection in the field of accounting and taxation with proper development of relevant provisions of domestic legislation.The purpos of the article is to analyze content marketing strategies in Internet literature using the example of the content novel «The Age of Glory and Hope» by Evgeny Litvak, to improve accounting and taxation procedures related to blogging activities, and to outline the prospects for its conduct in Ukraine.Research methods. In the research process, in particular, the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis - to study the object and subject of research; abstract- logical - for theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions; constructive and experimental - to form a decision with the help of analytical support; tabular – for a visual representation of the formation of pricing of paintings.Research results. The content marketing strategy was analyzed using the example of the network author’s works of «litweeks», it was proved that a successful marketing strategy allows you to get a good financial income, and therefore the opportunity to officially register your activity and pay taxes to the state budget. Prospects for the development of blogging activity in Ukraine are revealed. Procedures for accounting and taxation of blogging activities in Ukraine have been revealed. The main advantages for the socio- economic development of the state from the official activity of a blogger are outlined, and problematic areas in the formation of the official online business of Internet literature in Ukraine are identified.Results. The main provisions of this study in the form of proposals can provide a number of benefits for the official online business business in Ukraine. Staffing at the legislative level of blogger activity, accounting and taxation of bloggers is a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the state, will help to increase the revenues to the state budget, harmonize the activity of the blogger and the employer and will become the key to social guarantees for bloggers. Increasing the attractiveness of the blogger profession will contribute to the development of this area of activity.Discussion. A successfully chosen marketing strategy (for example, Yevgeny Litvak’s writer’s blog) allows you to increase your popularity, establish a strong connection with the audience and attract new advertisers.If bloggers develop their activities and want to earn significant profits, they must account for the income they receive and pay taxes. An important factor in the cooperation of an advertiser with a blogger is taxation, which allows transparent reporting to the tax office and honest payment of taxes.During the consideration of procedures for accounting and taxation of operations and processes of blogger activity in Ukraine, it is proposed to add a separate KVED with the name «blogger activity». Changes should be made to the Tax Code of Ukraine and accounting and taxation conditions for blogging activities should be established.

Analysis of financing schemes from land value in Transit Oriented Development at Bubulak Terminal

<p class="ListParagraph1">Oriented areas are often known as Transit Oriented Development (TOD) requiring financing, which is absolutely necessaryto accommodate developing activities and encouraging regional growth and land use plans in accordance with TOD regulations,Bubulak Terminal is one of the terminals in Bogor City because has a variety of economic activities be it bus companies (PO), public transport, trade and services. This study plans land use in accordance with PermenATR/KaBPN No. 16 of 2017 concerning TOD Development Guidelines and using a financing scheme for the Bubulak Terminal Area using analysis calculations with the Financial and Economic Calculation Methods, the results of these calculations that are in accordance with data from internet literature studies of scientific papers and books. The results of the analysis of the TOD area of Bubulak Terminal with a mix use designation of 1606 pcu/hour. The results of the calculation of the Financial Calculation value of NPV (Net Present Value) are RP 38.144.000.000,00 and the results of the IRR calculation for the Bubulak Terminal area show an IRR value of 14.92 %, so the project is feasible to run/choose with a capital cost (WACC) of 11.56%. While the calculation result of the Economic Net Present Value (ENPV), the calculation result is RP 325.848.272.000,00 and the result of the Economic internal rate of return (EIRR) is 31.19%, the project will benefit and is feasible to run with revenue in 2023 Stakeholders involved in the TOD area at Bubulak Terminal, namely BPTJ as the regulator as well as the Responsible Agency for Cooperation Projects (PJPK) in developing TOD in Jabodetabek.</p>