Internet Editions Research Articles

A Review of the Literature on the Regional Strengths Perceived by Older People Living in Local Japanese Communities.

As a super-aging society, health promotion activities in local Japanese communities are increasingly essential. Developing the health-promotion programs must include the perspective of older people residing in these communities and what they believe to be their regional strengths. This study aimed to clarify the elements of regional strengths perceived by older people living in local Japanese communities from the literature review. Using the internet edition of the Japan Medical Abstracts Society (Ichu-shi), the authors examined papers on Japanese regional residents using relevant keywords. Of 342 considered papers, 14 papers were extracted in this study. As a result, the contents related to the regional strengths perceived by the older people living in the local Japanese community were extracted, classified based on the similarity of the meanings and contents, and then summarized into the elements of the strengths. As the regional strengths, three categories were cited for individual elements: "Actions or behaviors underpinned by experience," "Continuing to live with positivity and vigor," and "Extensive support for the subject and their family." Three categories were cited for environmental elements: "A comfortable environment," "Maintaining intimate and friendly interpersonal relations," and "Support that meets the regional characteristics." Along with individual and environmental elements, support from experts in the region was cited. Hence, it was concluded that the active participation of experts is essential for promoting activities in local communities, and that deepening relationship with older people has the potential to improve their quality of life.

Teaching critical reading of authentic Publicistic texts from the internet editions to pre-service English teachers

The article deals with one of the current problems related to modern foreign language and culture teaching methodology – the development of pre-service English teachers’ critical reading skills on the material of authentic publicistic texts from the Internet editions. Particularly, the notions of critical thinking and critical reading are defined. Various points of view in the psychological and pedagogical literature concerning the concept “critical thinking” are described; the key features of critical thinking in the educational dimension are outlined. The attention is focused on theoretical methodological background of developing pre-service English teachers’ critical reading skills on the material of authentic publicistic texts taken from the Internet editions. The main methodological types of reading are outlined, the peculiarities of critical reading as compared to analytical reading are revealed. The critical reading skills are considered. The main stages of developing critical thinking skills in correlation with building up critical reading skills are characterized. It is substantiated that the potential of authentic publicistic texts from the Internet editions in developing pre-service English teachers’ critical reading skills is considerable. It is determined that the main goal of developing pre-service English teachers’ critical reading skills on the material of authentic publicistic texts from the Internet editions is to expand students’ cognitive skills and competencies to solve social, scientific, practical and professional problems effectively. The article considers the strategies of forming pre-service English teachers’ critical thinking skills on the material of authentic publicistic texts from the Internet editions that are annotating, pre-scanning, contextualization, putting questions, reflexion, outlining and summarizing, evaluating statements, comparing and contrasting of thematically relevant texts, etc. The teaching techniques of developing critical thinking skills in the process of teaching critical reading to pre-service English teachers are offered.

Reflection of the Problems of Interethnic Relations in the Russian Media

The article is an attempt to comprehend the current publications of the Russian media space in the context of various aspects of national and ethnic identity, harmonization of interethnic relations. The authors consider the images of external labor migrants constructed by the media (hereinafter referred to as the media), and the negative attitudes that have developed in society towards them.Aim. The aim of the article is to show the problems of objectivity in the presentation of information about interethnic relations in the Russian media, to determine how publications in the media form the level of tolerance in society, and also to identify the role of the media space in countering the spread of xenophobia, nationalism and neo-fascism.Tasks. To achieve this goal, the article solves several key tasks: the concept of “interethnic relations” is analyzed, the factors determining their state and conflict potential are identified, the mechanism of discursive construction of interethnic relations is revealed, differences in approaches to covering interethnic conflicts in various Russian print and electronic publications are shown.Methods. The methodological basis of the work was the scientific methods of comparative system analysis, aimed at a comprehensive study of the media as a mechanism for regulating interethnic relations. The main method was content analysis of texts of print and electronic federal and regional media, articles, messages, Internet editions, bloggers’ comments, messages on social networks and text messages from various sources reflecting the problems of interethnic relations. Intent analysis of publications made it possible to determine a set of lexemes, the purpose of which is to create a negative image of the subject of the story.Results. Based on the results of the content analysis, the main substantive and evaluative characteristics of interethnic relations in society, the contradictions in the formation of the image of external migrants present in the modern media space and a description of possible interaction strategies that Russian society is ready for at present were identified. The mechanism of discursive construction in the form of texts that provoke emotional perception of external migration over texts that contribute to its rational comprehension has been determined.Conclusions. The analysis showed the weak role of the media in reflecting the problems of interethnic relations. Functionally, the activities of the media are aimed at ensuring interethnic harmony and regulating interethnic relations, however, to a greater extent, negative rhetoric towards foreign migrants prevails in the Russian media, which increases the level of migrant phobia among the population.

Visualization of media content as a way to gain reader loyalty for media sustainability

Visualization is one of the trends in modern journalism. More and more media are beginning to pay equal attention to both text and visual content. This is due not only to the growing trend, but also to the demands of the audience. Therefore, the peculiarities of the perception of visual content is a topical issue that will be disclosed in this article. The main goal of the study is to determine the characteristics of the audience's perception of visual media material, in particular, the press, and ways of manipulative influence by the media on the audience through the visualization of content. In order to achieve the goal in the course of the study, the tasks will be solved to identify the characteristic types of perception of visual content by the audience, the key factors affecting the choice of visual content by the audience, and the comparison of theoretical knowledge with the results of practical research. The theoretical basis of the article is the results of scientific research in the field of visual communication. Practical research was carried out using a sociological survey, which revealed the directions of the audience's interests. The theoretical significance of the study is to determine the characteristics of the perception of visual content. The practical significance lies in the further application of the results obtained in the educational process of higher educational institutions with a degree in "Journalism" by practicing journalists of periodicals and Internet editions. The results of the study showed that today the visual part is one of the integral components of journalistic material. Especially for print publications, their electronic versions and independent Internet editions, in which it is important to tell about an event or problem not only through the text. The visualization process is significant both for the audience and for the journalists themselves, since the visual part makes it easier to understand the content. The image attracts a new media audience thanks to the creative approaches that designers or journalists use when presenting material. Keywords: mass media, visualization, image, periodicals, Internet, psychological influence, manipulative influence.

Інтерв’ю в електронних ЗМК. Інваріанти розвитку порівняно з пресовими виданнями

The scientific study is designed to solve the problem of specificity of transformation and interaction of print and Internet publications, with an emphasis on interviews that is the most common genre in the system of information and journalistic genres. The objective of the article is to detect fundamental and meaningful differences in the methodology of preparation and coverage of interview in press and Internet journalism; to show the specifics of complex processes. Research methods. The method of content analysis became the empiric basis of the scientific paper and the source for theoretical references and conclusions. The author used the historical and the comparative methods of research, because it is impossible to analyze the development of interview genre without reference to the theory and practice of press journalism. The author used the generalization method in order to reduce the specific details and empirics features, making theoretical generalizations on the basis of them. The results of the study. The author represents the thesis according to which the task of an interview is not only to inform, but also to provide aesthetic and ethical education. The genre of interviews-dialogue slowly revives in the Ukrainian Internet journalism. The interview-dialogue in the modern Internet publications significantly varies from the interview-dialogue in the print ones. An interviewer-essay and an interview-sketching have the pronounced elements of fiction. The new Internet publications will appear, and the different types of interviews will be revived with rising level of social morality and self-organization of population mass. Conclusions and suggestions. The process of transformation and adaptation of the interview genre from print publications to Internet ones has been completed. The genre is focused on the new media platforms that are rather unusual for domestic journalists; the interview develops according to its own dynamyc. Therefore, the interviews in Internet publications should be prepared by journalists who specialize in materials designed for the Internet editions.

Media coverage of protest moods

Today, in one or another country of the world, events are taking place associated with the growth of social tension. In this article, we turn to a generalized analysis of the problems of protest mood and the peculiarities of its coverage in Kazakhstani media, given that over the past year the Kazakhstani audience has extensive experience of rallies and protests. The aim of the work is to review the coverage of protest sentiments in local and international media, such as the republican newspapers "Ana tili" and "Aikyn"; the information portal "Tengrinews", and the international site "Radio Azattyq", the TV channel "Kazakhstan". The scientific and practical significance of the topic of the scientific article is the analysis of the interaction of the media and student rallies to improve the quality of this process and harmonize relations between readers and government officials. The research methods included observation of coverage of materials during protests in the country, analysis from the content, literature review, statistical method (social survey), expert commentary. The methodological basis of the research was the articles of foreign and domestic scientists on the topic. The study of the material allowed us to come to the following results: the domestic media does not provide enough truthful coverage of events related to protest moods. Among the Internet editions there are several information portals where reports, photos, video pictures are made for almost all protests. Despite the frequent surge in rallies, many media outlets refer to other sources when other media portals send their journalists. The study made it possible to systematize the problems of Kazakhstani journalism about protest moods: a large amount of fake information on the Internet, lack of media literacy of readers, restrictions from the government, insufficient information from officials or ministries, and the inaccessibility of specific statistical data from the authorities. The results of the work are of practical importance for developing a strategy to improve the situation in modern media for providing journalists with data, as well as providing readers with reliable information. Key words: protests, freedom of speech, social networks, false information.

СВІТОГЛЯДНА ПУБЛІЦИСТИКА: ВІД ЗБІРКИ «НЕРВИ ЛАНЦЮГА» (2003) ДО ZBRUC-ЕСЕЇСТИКИ

<p><strong><em>Purpose of the study</em></strong><em>. Comparative analysis of essays by Ukrainian writers-publicists, in which the philosophical category «freedom» is investigated by literary methods (collection «Nerves of the chain», 2003); further development of the ideas of political and personal freedom formulated by the authors is investigated (the section «Discourses» of the Internet edition «Zbruc», founded in 2013).</em></p><p><strong><em>Research methodology.</em></strong><em> The texts of the collection of essays «Nevras of the chain» (2003) in thematic and semantic unity were subject to analytical research. Additionally, in order to create an appropriate context for a deeper study of the topic, the texts of the «Discourses» section of the Internet edition «Zbruc» were analyzed. In the course of the study, the following general scientific methods were used: descriptive, analysis, synthesis and generalization, which made it possible to study the retrospective and current state of the issue of the genre specificity of the essay. The semantic factors of the author's interpretations of the category «freedom» are considered in the national communicative context. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Results.</em></strong><em> At present, the essay genre, which has long been on the margins of journalism, is dynamically developing and is one of the most popular genres in the system of journalistic genres. Essay writing has become the most common form of journalistic writing in modern Ukraine. The genre nature of the essay presupposes an accentuated originality of thought, which does not allow works to get lost in the information space filled with texts. Analysis of modern Ukrainian essays from the collection «Nerves of the chain» (2003) and the rubric «Discourses» of the Internet edition «Zbruc» made it possible to talk about the literary and philosophical nature of these texts. Twenty-five variants of the interpretation of the theme of freedom, which are presented in the collection Nerves of the Chain (2003), are primarily due to different author's experience, differences in their social environment. Comprehension of the category of «freedom» in its correlation with the national specifics of history and modernity generates an endless discussion, which, in turn, generates new directions in the development of the eternal theme of freedom. A space of two-level dialogue is formed (writer - writer, writer - reader), in the process of which freedom of thought is brought up. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Novelty.</em></strong><em> An attempt was made to study the ideological evolution of the Ukrainian essay discourse. A comparative analysis of the texts of popular authors (Y. Andrukhovych, O. Zabuzhko, Y. Vinnychuk, etc.) made it possible to «construct» an inter-author dialogue in which one of the fundamental problems of Ukrainian culture is discussed - freedom. The results of the analysis make it possible to determine the «key» author's questions and permanent theses with which they go to the intellectual audience.</em></p><p><strong><em>Practical value.</em></strong><em> The results of the research can be used by journalists when writing journalistic texts on worldview issues, by teachers when developing specialized special courses.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: journalism, essay, category «freedom», discourse, generational conflict.</em></p>

Evolution and sociology of journal development in Germany in the XVII—XXI centuries

An article is written at the junction of the large sciences, namely a theory of the document science, a history of the press, a recent history of the publishing trade and lіbraries in Germany as well the modern directions of sociological researches such as socіology of the press, socіology of leisure as well sociology of migration. The objects of study are the processes of beginning and making of the magazine segment on the press market in XVII—XXI centuries and also a typology of readers of the magazines with a consideration of their demographіcal, psychological and social factors, finally by taking account of the complexіty of their іnformation needs. An author describes the various typologies of readers of the magazines that are developed in XXI century, and also makes a list of the criteria for the difference from other periodical, namely from a newspaper. A role and an extent of activity specific institutions on the market of magazines is by example of the publications for the general public perceptibled. By study of the statistical reports "Book and book trade in numbers" from 1995 to 2018 is a rating of reading of the magazines as a option to spend a leisure by people over 14 years of age explained. It is also elucidated during the study of the German-speaking publications in the field of socіology of the mіgratіon that up to now are practically absent scіentific researches that could describe a matter of employment of the print journals as well as their Internet editions by members of the certain socіal groups, minorities and migrants of all categories and generations who work, receive a specialized or high education and strive for successful іntegration and self-realization. In conclusion is the point on the forms of access to the Іnternet versions of print magazines and the possіble negatіve results of dіgitalizatіon. The author comes to a conclusion that the emergence of Internet editions of the magazins brings in its train the need to tackle the problem of access to the texts based on the matter of copyright.

СТРУКТУРНЫЕ И СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОККАЗИОНАЛИЗМОВ НА СТРАНИЦАХ ГАЗЕТЫ «ИЗВЕСТИЯ»

The article analyzes the derivational and semantic features of occasionalisms in the headlines of the Internet edition of the newspaper Izvestia, determines the frequency of various methods of word formation and attempts to explain the popularity of each of them. It is concluded that the predominant way of forming occasional words is hybridization, and it is noted that neoplasms, as a rule, have rather transparent semantics and vivid connotations.

СЛОВОТВОРЧЕСТВО В КОММУНИКАТИВНОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ГАЗЕТЫ «КОММЕРСАНТЪ»

The article describes the use of occasional vocabulary in newspaper headlines. The observations are based on the material of the Internet edition “Kommersant”. Different models of word creation in the communicative space of the publication are shown. Word creation is considered as a part of the language game and a characteristic feature of modern newspaper discourse.

Językowy obraz Wschodu i Zachodu we współczesnej polszczyźnie

The cultural concepts of Wschód (East) and Zachód (West) are products of contemporary, modern Polish languaculture, one that significantly shapes contemporary social and political discourses. A reconstruction of the cognitive definitions of these concepts, along with their profiles, can thus lead to a better understanding of the two kinds of discourse. In accordance with the principles of the cognitive definition, couched within the framework of the Lublin Ethnolinguistic School, the analysis is based on data from dictionaries, texts, and questionnaires. Four major dictionaries of Polish have been surveyed, as well as questionnaires conducted for the 1990 and 2000 editions of the Axiological Lexicon, along with a random selection of texts from the National Corpus of Polish, from internet editions of the press, from belles-lettres, and essays. After a detailed analysis of the systemic data, facet-based cognitive definitions of the two cultural concepts are constructed. For the concept of Wschód (East), the facets include location, economy, reasons for going East and returning, the role of East for Poland, the characteristics of its inhabitants and of the East as space. In the case of Zachód (West), instead of inhabitants and space, the relevant facet is that of values. The last part of the article prosents the profiles of these concepts, which correlate with ideological orientations in the press and in politics: the liberal profile (the West is good, it is associated with personal freedom, human rights, democracy and the rule of law; the East is negative, it ignores the rule of law and standards of liberal democracy); the right-wing profile (the East is evaluated similarly to the liberal profile, whereas the West is portrayed as Poland’s “moral debtor”); the Catholic-national profile (the East is a threat, the West is characterised by materialism and a degradation of values); the everyday-living profile (the West is wealthy, the East is poor).

МЕДІАОБРАЗ ТОМАША ПАДУРИ ЯК СИМВОЛ УКРАЇНСЬКО-ПОЛЬСЬКОГО ЄДНАННЯ

<div><p><em>The article shows the specific nature of the formation of the media image of Tomasz Padura, a Polish-Ukrainian poet and composer, a representative of the Polish romantic Ukrainophile movement of the early 19<sup>th</sup> century. This paper also studies transformation of this image into a symbol of the Polish-Ukrainian unity. Being an apologist of the idea of rapprochement of the Polish and Ukrainian nations, Tomasz Padura blends harmoniously with the modern political and cultural contexts. His Ukrainophile image is сultivated in different social institutions and acquires new meanings which created the necessity for this research paper. The empirical basis for the analysis comprises 24 publications in the Ukrainian Internet editions during the period from 2016 to 2019. The main method of interpreting Padura’s image was the content analysis of publications directly or circumstantially related to the poet. This allowed ascertaining content focuses and tonality of the provided information. The comparative method contributed to the explication of the main tendencies of the conversion of the image to the symbol. As a result, the headlines and the content of the materials have been proven to show a consistent strategy of stressing the positive aspect of the history of the Polish-Ukrainian relations, in particular the Ukrainophile tendencies among the Polish nobility, achievements of the Ukrainian school in the Polish literature, and Tomasz Padura’s relations with this school. The focus of the Ukrainian Internet editions is on the most substantial and striking facts of life and creative work of the poet. Those facts belong to the following informational aspects: narrow biographical, selfless ideological, creative, memorial, and futuristic. Each of those aspects has its content aimed at the melioration of Tomasz Padura’s image as a Polish Ukrainophile. The process of symbolization of this image performs several social functions: the historical-typological one allowing to trace the main stages of the image transformation; the methodological one which stresses its significance for the contemporaries; the communicative one which ensures the continuous attention to the poet, and the marketing function promoting Tomasz Padura’s name as a brand from the point of view of the commercial success.</em></p></div><strong><em>Key words</em>:</strong> <em>Tomasz Padura, Polish-Ukrainian poet, media image, symbol, Ukrainophilia, mass media.</em>

ПОВІДОМЛЕННЯ ПРЕССЛУЖБ ОРГАНІВ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РІВНЯ: СТРУКТУРА ТА СТИЛІСТИКА

<p>The article discusses the structural and stylistic aspects of the posts from press services of the<br />Dnipropetrovsk and Odessa regional state administrations, which are available on their websites. The<br />relevance of this study is caused by the transformation of the system of mass communication of public<br />authorities with citizens, in particular, the expansion of the sphere of direct contacts of public authorities<br />with their target audiences without the mediation of the media and the need to form a complete<br />cycle of media production on the basis of press services. This requires an appropriate level of organization<br />of communication of public authorities with the public and the qualification of staff.<br />The purpose of the article is to identify the structural and stylistic features of the posts from press<br />services of regional public authorities on their websites.<br />Studies performed using methods: comparative analysis, content analysis, analysis and synthesis.<br />It has been demonstrated that news posts from press services on official web-sites of regional-level<br />public authorities have styling features of both PR-products and journalistic works. It is suggested that<br />this is due to the desire to implement in one information flow its own information function and the function<br />of public opinion management.<br />Comparison of posts from the press services regional state administrations revealed different approaches<br />to the structure and stylistics of these texts. The materials of the press service of the Dnepropetrovsk<br />Regional State Administration are structured according to a single model and stylistically<br />close to publications in Internet editions, and Odessa – have structural differences, but stylistically<br />more to press releases. In studied reports revealed a number of common stylistic defects, indicating a<br />need for further work to improve the quality of media products.<br />Key words: press service, web site, structure of media reports, style of media reports, public authorities.</p>

ОСОБЕННОСТИ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ОЦЕНОЧНЫХ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ В ПУБЛИЦИСТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ФРАНЦУЗСКИХ НОВОСТНЫХ БЛОГОВ)

By the material of the French news blogs, the article analyses the peculiarities of using evaluative adjectives. The author considers the basic characteristics of qualitative adjectives as units transferring evaluative meaning in the French news blogs published on the Internet editions’ official web sites. The conclusion is made that in the publicistic discourse of the French news blogs, sensory evaluation dominates and adjectives of positive evaluation prevail over negative ones. Appeal to the reader’s positive and negative emotions as well as accentuation of relevant problems of the modernity serve as the means to assert the blogger’s expert status.

The role of suggestion in public opinion shaping of the audience of the Internet editions

Introduction. Mass-and socially communicative technologies, that produce the content of modern mass media, are aimed at changing the beliefs, worldview, value orientations of the society, formation of certain behavioral patterns, and transformation of public opinion. Consumers of information, in particular, the audience of Internet editions, become an object of external influences and information aggression. Thus, a comprehensive study of the influence of semantic and structural organization of the content of the modern mass media on public opinion formation is really an actual and urgent task. The purpose of our research is to determine the role of such kind of manipulative technology as a suggestion in shaping the public opinion of the content consumers of the Internet editions (on the material of the electronic versions of the popular newspapers «The Guardian», «USA Today», «China Daily», «The Day», «Moscow Times»). In addition to theoretical, the basic methods of research were also empirical, in particular sociological research, for which the questionnaire was compiled. The respondents were offered to answer 13 questions, 10 of which were of a closed type and 3 questions on an assessment by a scale from 1 to 10. The questionnaire consisted of two blocks. The first block «Target Survey» contained 5 questions, the second block «Associative experiment» – 8 questions Anonymous survey was conducted in December 2018 – March 2019. The audience of the survey consisted of postgraduate students of different specialties, lecturers, and students of the departments of Germanic philology, journalism, and philology at Sumy State University (1st, 2nd, and 3d year students). According to the results of the survey, the most popular sources of information are social networks and electronic information portals, and newspapers. The level of confidence in the popular mass media is 75 %, while most consumers trust electronic information portals and newspapers. The level of influence on the personal opinion of the consumers of information is 60 %. The overall efficiency of the suggestion is 80 %. By the level of influence in its initial effect on the change and formation of reactions, the most effective instruments of suggestion at the lexical level are irony, emotionally-marked vocabulary, contrasts, set-expressions, metaphor-symbols, and also the instruments at the communicative-strategic level (emotionally-evaluative judgments). Keywords: public opinion, Internet editions, content, suggestion, survey.

Les modifications des locutions dans les commentaires sous les articles de presse en ligne (approche contrastive)

W artykule przeanalizowano pod różnym kątem przykłady modyfikacji związków frazeolo­gicznych, pochodzące z komentarzy i wypowiedzi do tekstów prasowych w polskich i francuskich wydaniach internetowych. Głównym zadaniem było pokazanie różnorodności użytych środków oraz porównanie sposobu ich funkcjonowania w obu językach. Analiza przykładów innowacji frazeologicznych dowodzi, że istnieją operacje zarówno wspólne, jak i odmienne dla obu systemów językowych. W niektórych modyfikacjach występuje gra słów, w której aktualne staje się znaczenie dosłowne związku lub w odpowiednim kontekście pojawia się nowe znaczenie.

СЕМАНТИЧНА ДИНАМІКА ПАРФУМОНІМІВ ТА АРОМАТОНІМІВ У СУЧАСНІЙ УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ МОВІ

The article is dedicated to the semantic analysis of the proper names of perfumed products in the structure of Ukrainian language and also to determine their role and function. The object of the study is the lexical compound of modern, fashion printed and electronic editions. The subject of the work is the linguistic genesis and semantic meanings of perfumonims (name of perfumes) and aromatones (names of aromas) in the Ukrainian language system. The research methods are obeyed to the achievement of the goal that was set in the work. To select the proper names for the designation of perfumes, the method of direct observation for the functioning of aromatones in the text of visual advertising, printed and Internet editions of fashion magazines, as well as the method of partial sampling was applied. The methods of comparison and analysis have been used to systematize onyms by the subject groups according to denotations. The purpose of the study is to establish the peculiarities of the perfumonims and aromatones lexical-semantic group in the lexical system of the Ukrainian language.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ХОСПІСНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ В РЕСПУБЛІЦІ ПОЛЬЩА

У статті подано матеріали проведеного дослідження з вивчення історії, структури та особливостей функціонування хоспісних установ у Республіці Польща. Представлено значний статистичний матеріал, дані джерел інформації, отримані не тільки з інтернету та спеціальних видань, а й під час особистих, неодноразових відвідувань польських хоспісів з метою вивчення їх функціонування та отримання практичного досвіду надання допомоги пацієнтам таких установ. Надано висновки та практичні рекомендації.

Синтаксис газетного заголовка: экспрессия и прагматика

Anastasia Yu. Isaeva (Tula State Pedagogical University of Lev Tolstoy, Tula, Russian Federation) The article is devoted to expressive and pragmatic features of syntax of English-language Internet editions. The tendency for increased expression of newspaper headlines is a prominent feature of modern newspapers. The pragmatic nature of a newspaper headline is to influence on the reader by any means. Expressive syntactic construction of the newspaper headline is considered in this article as a pragmatic means of impact on the audience. Key words: newspaper headline, expression, expressive syntax, pragmatics, pragmatic effect .

Feminine Endings and Function Words inKing John

In my note ‘Feminine Endings in King John ’ ( N&Q , ccliv (2009), I presented a table (578) to which Michael Best in his Internet Edition of King John objected thus, ‘However, his [Merriam’s] division of King John into multiple, relatively short components, attributing these in part to two different hands, does not provide clear evidence of multiple authorship.’ 1 The table in question displays twenty-six sections (plus one half-section), of which twelve are assigned to Shakespeare and fourteen to an unidentified co-author. The table presents the numbers of lines for each section and their respective number of feminine endings. Best understood the table to imply that the partition of King John was substantively based on the distribution of feminine endings shown. He believed that the small sample sizes involved, averaging 784 words (tokens) each, were ‘clearly too short to be amenable to statistical analysis’. It cannot be emphasized enough that the segmentation and attributions are the work of a study made two years before ‘Feminine Endings in King John ’ and were effected with regard to function words. 2 It is possible nevertheless to combine evidence from three independent sources, including feminine endings, to confirm the case for multiple authorship in King John .