The IUFoST Scientific Roundtable celebrated the International Year of Millets 2023 by convening an international team of experts to discuss the value of millets relative to agri-economy, nutrition, bioactives, environmental and our delivery on the global development agenda and its sustainable development goals (SDGs). The experts advanced critical analyses that suggested this semi-arid crop, grown primarily in the tropics of Asia and Africa can be an important contributor to improving food and nutrition security. Importantly, millets are a major source of energy and protein for about 130 million people in sub-Saharan Africa. Many in vitro and in vivo (mouse) studies plus a few meta-analyses and systematic reviews suggest millets and their respective components may contribute to the reduction of an array of non-communicable diseases, especially in marginal and harsh environments. Yet these kinds of evidence need to be substantiated by rigorous, well-designed clinical studies such that there is stronger support for millets contributing to global health. In addition, improvements and adoption of technologies that provide a low carbon and water footprint may contribute to consumer acceptance of millets.