International Tourist Destination Research Articles

Developing Ecotourism Community Based Approach: A Sustainable Tourism Development Project o n Tanjung Surat Island

The Tanjung Surat Island Ecotourism Development Master Plan study was commissioned to support the Johor Southeast Development Authority (KEJORA) in creating a high-impact strategy to develop Tanjung Surat Island into a premier ecotourism destination for both local and international tourists. This study addresses the prevalent community misunderstanding regarding ecotourism development. The main objective of this study is to identify strategic planning through community engagement initiatives spearheaded by KEJORA on Tanjung Surat Island. Quantitative methods, including the distribution of questionnaires to 118 respondents, were employed to meet this objective. In addition to the questionnaires, the study incorporated several other data collection methods to ensure a thorough understanding of the community's perspective. These included structured interviews with key stakeholders, focus group discussions with community leaders, and participatory observation to gather qualitative insights that complemented the quantitative data. The study's findings will provide a comprehensive guide and reference for planning across economic, social, and environmental dimensions, aiding in the development of Tanjung Surat Island's ecotourism sector. This guide will benefit KEJORA and other stakeholders, including the private sector, interested in supporting and shaping the island's ecotourism future. Additionally, the study highlights the critical need for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) to enhance the quality of existing services, ensuring they meet current and future demands and standards.

‘Dear guest, pay for your language’. How accommodation rating and ownership effect language presence on the Online Linguistic Landscape

Abstract The present paper draws on the concept of Online Linguistic Landscape (Kallen, Ní Dhonnacha & Wade, 2020) to explore code preference on hospitality websites at international tourist destinations. The analysis of a purpose-made database comprising the websites of all 254 accommodation establishments in Palma (Mallorca, Spain) reveals that although major tourist markets condition code presence on websites, the wide array of languages displayed does not correspond to the narrower catalogue of visiting nationalities. Beyond the strictly informative, websites have become effective promotion and sales tools, and marketability derived from vogue associations may mean that a language is listed on a website, even when other, more frequent guest languages are not. The scant online presence of Catalan, the autochthonous language of Mallorca, illustrates how, in mass tourism environments, minority languages are at the crossroads of succumbing to the demands of the market or submitting to processes of commodification of uncertain outcome.

The Influence of Education Level, Technology and Regional Original Income on Economic Growth in Districts/Cities of Bali Province

Bali Province, which is an international tourism destination, must be able to improve its human resources by utilizing technology and allocating stable local revenue. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of education level, technology and local revenue on economic growth in the Regency/City of Bali Province, both simultaneously and partially. The data sources used in this study were secondary sources with 45 observation points that combined time series and cross-section data. The results of the study showed that 1) the level of education, technology and local revenue had a positive and significant effect simultaneously on economic growth in the Regency/City of Bali Province, 2) the level of education and local revenue partially had a positive effect on economic growth in the Regency/City of Bali Province, 3) Technology partially had a negative effect on economic growth in the Regency/City of Bali Province. Based on the results of the study, to increase economic growth, investment in human resource development needs to be carried out by increasing access and quality of education for the community, then the local government also needs to evaluate and adjust the technology implementation strategy in order to provide a positive contribution, and finally the local government can optimize sources of local revenue and increase the efficiency of its management.

The Role Of Animal Police In The Process Of Disclosing A Crime (Study At The K-9 Unit Of Bali Regional Police)

The K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police is an elite unit specializing in using sniffer dogs to assist in various police operations, ranging from apprehending criminals and detecting narcotics, to search and rescue (SAR) operations. The ability of sniffer dogs to detect narcotics and explosives is crucial in crime prevention and control efforts. In Bali, an international tourist destination, the threat of narcotics smuggling is very high. Specially trained sniffer dogs can quickly identify the presence of these illegal substances in various locations, such as airports, seaports, and entertainment venues. This study aims to identify and analyze the role of the K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police in the process of crime disclosure. Through a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through interviews, observations, and literature studies. Through methods of observation, interviews, and literature study, this research is expected to provide a comprehensive and in-depth overview of the role of the K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police. The K-9 Unit of the Bali Regional Police has a significant contribution to disclosing crimes by providing technical assistance using sniffer dogs, which have proven effective in crime scene investigation and have a direct impact on solving criminal cases. Factors affecting the effectiveness of this unit include public demand, environmental conditions, and the availability of human and animal resources. To optimize its role, it is necessary to enhance training, facilities, coordination with related parties, and regular evaluation of the unit's performance.

New Renewable Energy for Bali Tourist Destination: Potential and Challenges

Purpose: This research aims to explore potential and challenges of new renewable energy in Bali, which is a popular international tourist destination. Research methods: The research is based on several existing sources, both from daily news and existing articles regarding several renewable energy potentials in Bali. Almost all of the data is secondary data obtained from various agencies in Bali. The data are analyzed using qualitative analysis technique. Results and discussion: Economic growth and the very rapid number of tourist visits to Bali are driving problems in the energy sector. The potential for developing new renewable energy in Bali is very large, such as sunlight, wind and geothermal resources. In this case there are several challenges such as limited land, electricity grid integration, technology and costs, permits and regulations, public awareness, and the influence of weather. Implications: Collaboration between government, private sector, and society is needed to find the right solution. There is a need for a comprehensive action plan and appropriate policy support to accelerate the transition to renewable energy in Bali as an international tourist destination.

Unlocking the sustainable tourism development in the USA: what are the effects of carbon emission?

PurposeThis study is carried out to investigate the effects of tourism expenditure, technological development and foreign direct investment on tourism development in the United States of America, a top international tourism destination in the world, from 1995 to 2021.Design/methodology/approachTo this end we use the Autoregressive Distributive Lag method which captures short and long run effects. This method is also fundamental in presenting robust results when time series data with short time periods is used. The FMOLS and DOLS methods are used to ensure the robustness of the findings.FindingsThe results of the Autoregressive Distributive Lag indicate that spending on tourism contributes to the growth of the tourist industry in the country. The study reveals that economic growth has a detrimental impact on the development of tourism. Furthermore, carbon emissions are exclusively impeding the long-term progress of tourism development. The country's prioritization of economic growth has led to a rise in carbon emissions, disregarding the desire of tourists to experience a pollution-free and natural environment. Moreover, foreign direct investment exerts a beneficial impact on the advancement of tourism.Originality/valueAlthough there has been numerous research on the factors that influence tourism, there is less documentation on the specific factors affecting tourism development. The research examines the effect of carbon emission of tourism development of United States, the World's top tourism destinations. Few studies have attempted to unlock this association in the United States; hence, the research originality.

Evaluation of the Coupling and Coordination Degree of the Wellness Tourism Industry in Panxi Area

The party's 20th report points out that green and healthy development is an extremely important part of the China's modernization drive, an important guarantee for the sustainable development of the country, and a basic means to realize that "clear waters and green mountains are gold and silver mountains". Sichuan province actively promotes the construction of a strong wellness industry, and strives to build Panxi region into an international sunshine wellness tourism destination. In recent years, the mass tourism market demand escalating, promote the tourism market emerging industry development, wellness industry, in response to the mass tourism market development status, this paper built covers two evaluation dimensions eight elements 16 evaluation index wellness brigade industry coupling coordinated development index system, using the entropy method and coupling coordination model in panxi area wellness industry and tourism industry coupling coordinated development level, based on the evaluation results. The study results show that: (1) with good coupling development degree and strong interaction; (2) the coordinated development level of wellness tourism industry in Panzhihua is low, Panzhihua is in moderate imbalance, Liangshan Prefecture is on the verge of imbalance, with large development space; (3) from 2017 to 2021 is wellness lag type, Liangshan Prefecture is tourism lag type in 2020 alone. Through the research and analysis of the coordinated development of wellness tourism in Panxi region, the comprehensive level of coordinated development of wellness tourism in Panzhihua is revealed, and then three suggestions are put forward: (1) improve the construction of wellness facilities and enhance the coordinated development level of wellness tourism; (2) build the integrated development mechanism of wellness tourism and tourism and promote the coordinated development of wellness tourism industry; (3) optimize the wellness tourism environment and promote the sustainable development of wellness tourism.

Profile of HIV/AIDS Patients with Neurological Manifestations in The Tertiary Referral Hospital in Bali

Background: Neurological manifestations in approximately half of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients are related to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, there is a need for epidemiological data on HIV/AIDS patients with neurological manifestations in Bali, as an international tourism destination. Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical profile of neurological manifestations among patients with HIV/AIDS in the tertiary referral hospital for Bali and Nusa Tenggara region. Methods: A descriptive-retrospective study was conducted on HIV/AIDS patients presenting with neurological manifestations hospitalized in the Neurology Department of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar from January 2018 to December 2021. Results: Among the 227 subjects included in this study, the majority were male (69.9%) and HIV positive newly diagnosed (69.2%). Furthermore, out of 126 subjects who had CD4 data, the majority were with CD4 <200 cells/mm3 (85.7%) and 53.1% were <50 cells/mm3, with ages ranging from 18 to 67 years old, at a median of 36 years old. The most common neurological signs and symptoms found were paresis/paralysis (61.7%), headache (54.6%), decreased consciousness (52.9%), and cranial nerve palsy (52%). Cerebral toxoplasmosis (67.4%) and tuberculous meningoencephalitis (20.3%) were the prevalent opportunistic infections, while the mortality rate was 39.6% with sepsis as the major cause. Conclusions: Neurological manifestations are common initial symptoms in diagnosing HIV infection. Therefore, better awareness and earlier detection are required among people with risk factors of HIV transmission, particularly in groups of young and productive age with signs of immunocompromised condition as well as neurological manifestations.

VOLCANO TOURISM: HOW DO DESTINATION AWARENESS AND CREDIBILITY DEVELOP VISIT INTENTION FOR MOUNT BROMO IN INDONESIA

This study investigates the impact of destination awareness, credibility, reputation, and association on visit intention. The study was conducted at Mount Bromo, in Indonesia’s East Java Province, which has become a popular destination for domestic and international tourists. The study involved 227 participants selected through the convenience sampling method, and the collected data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models. The study found that destination awareness and credibility significantly influenced destination reputation and association, which, in turn, had a significant impact on visiting intentions. These research findings are essential in advancing volcano tourism studies and provide a deeper understanding of the factors influencing tourist intention to visit such destinations. The implications of these research findings can guide tourism industry practitioners and decision -makers in developing more effective marketing strategies, and this study contributes significantly to volcano tourism literature.

DESTINOS TURÍSTICOS COM DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL ASSIMÉTRICO: OS “CENTROS TURÍSTICOS PLANEJADOS INTEGRALMENTE” DE LOS CABOS E LORETO, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR (MÉXICO)

Objective: This paper examines the effects of tourism on local development in two IPCs, Los Cabos and Loreto, located in the state of Baja California Sur (BCS), in northwestern Mexico. Theoretical Framework: The Integrally Planned Centers (IPC) are tourism development poles established in Mexico during the 1960s and 1970s to promote economic growth in peripheral coastal regions (then) underdeveloped but rich in natural resources and landscapes. Method: An analytical-descriptive methodology is used, specifically the analysis of principal components, which allows contextualizing the evolution of tourism and development trajectories. Results and Discussion: The results indicate the presence of asymmetric development trajectories, despite the fact that both regions started from the same development initiative, with FONATUR (the Mexican government's tourism board) in charge in both cases. Forty years after its creation, the government's tourism policy yields differentiated results. Los Cabos has become a world-renowned destination, associated with sport fishing, golf, and residential tourism. In contrast, the Loreto-Nopoló-Puerto Escondido tourist corridor has stagnated and is still waiting for its take-off towards sustained development. Research implications: The IPCs of Los Cabos and Loreto, Mexico, are the result of a public tourism policy based on an exogenous development model, fundamentally oriented to "sun and beach" tourism, where economic variables are prioritized, to the detriment of social and environmental variables, which are important elements of sustainable tourism. A markedly uneven growth process is observed between the two IPCs, Los Cabos points out, which, to date, is successful in macroeconomic variables, while in terms of development it is very limited and lower than planned. Originality/Value: In the research, inferential statistical methods are applied, through the analysis of Principal Components, from which the impact of public tourism policies on regional development is measured. This instrument is applied to two tourist destinations that show an asymmetrical development, one of which was constituted as the second international tourist destination in Mexico.

Innovative sustainable business model: A case study of eco-tourism in Bukit Lawang

Sustainable development has become a crucial issue and a moral obligation for all nations. However, the implementation of sustainable business practices in Indonesia, especially in the field of the tourism industry, including the Bukit Lawang tourist destination, is still weak. This encourages tourism managers to change their business model as a step towards making Bukit Lawang an international tourist destination. This can be achieved through competency development sustainable business management model. This article attempts to apply the design thinking model to creating innovative sustainable business model in tourism in the Bukit Lawang area, using qualitative research methods and design thinking procedures. The population of this study includes tourism managers and visitors in Bukit Lawang area. Sampling techniques such as stratified sampling and purposive sampling, and both primary and secondary data were collected. This article presents a framework for sustainable tourism businesses model in Bukit Lawang, which is built based on three dimensions: facilities, services and systems. This dimension serves as a key differentiator of sustainable value propositions in tourism businesses related to the three pillars of sustainability: economic, social and environmental. The focus of this framework is creating value sustainable tourism business regarding impact reduction, risk mitigation and compliance.

Assessment and mapping of noise pollution in recreation spaces using geostatistic method after COVID-19 lockdown in Turkey

Increased use of recreational areas after the lifting of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions has led to increased noise levels. This study aims to determine the level of noise pollution experienced in recreational areas with the increasing domestic and international tourism activities after the lifting of pandemic lockdowns, to produce spatial distribution maps of noise pollution, and to develop strategic planning suggestions for reducing noise pollution in line with the results obtained. Antalya-Konyaaltı Beach Recreation Area, the most important international tourism destination of Turkey, is determined as the study area. To determine the existing noise pollution, 31 measurement points were marked at 100 m intervals within the study area. Noise measurements were taken during the daytime (07:00–19:00), evening (19:00–23:00), and nighttime (23:00–07:00) on weekdays (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) and weekends (Sunday) over 2 months in the summer when the lockdown was lifted. In addition, the sound level at each measurement point was recorded for 15 min, while the number of vehicles passing through the area during the same period was determined. The database created as a result of measurements and observations was analyzed using statistical and geostatistical methods. After the analysis of the data, it was found that the co-kriging-stable model showed superior performance in noise mapping. Additionally, it was revealed that there is a high correlation between traffic density and noise intensity, with the highest equivalent noise level (Leq) on weekdays and weekend evenings due to traffic and user density. In conclusion, regions exposed to intense noise pollution were identified and strategic planning recommendations were developed to prevent/reduce noise sources in these identified regions.

I Lost My Muslim Identity: A Study of Indonesian Muslim Women Workers in Japan

This research reviews how Japan has become an attractive destination for migrant workers and international tourists in Asia, especially those from Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia. This research aimed to explore how Indonesian female nurses maintain their religious and cultural identity a midst these challenges. The growth of migrant workers from Southeast Asia to Japan began in the 1950s after Japan joined the Colombo Plan, and accelerated following revisions to immigration control laws in the 1980s. The government-to-government (G to G) internship program has also been implemented since 1990, with Indonesian participation since 1993. Even though industry is the backbone of the Japanese economy, the population of productive human resources has experienced a significant decline, which has an impact on industrial productivity. This research used a qualitative research approach based on understanding social realities formed through the context, culture, and subjective meanings held by the informants through their experiences during migration in Japan. To overcome this, the Japanese government has taken steps to open its doors to foreign workers, including from Indonesia. Indonesia is one of the largest suppliers of migrant workers for Japan, with various types of visas such as Technical Intern Training (TITP), Specified Skilled Worker (SSW), and others. However, nursing work is often socially associated with women. In Japan, Indonesian female nurses face complex challenges, including losing their Muslim identity. Revealing uniforms and external factors such as negative stereotypes, discrimination and forced removal of the hijab complicate the situation.

Past Niche Tourism: The First Chapter of Mountain Tourism in South Africa

Mountain tourism enjoys a long history in many countries, much of which is unrecorded. This paper addresses one dimension of the neglected past of recreation and tourism in the Global South. The focus is on the development of mountain tourism as a form of niche tourism in South Africa. The paper contributes to the limited international historical scholarship on niche tourism. In addition, it extends the literature in South African tourism scholarship on tourism’s past, tourism history and the historical geographies of tourism. Using the limited extant literature and with primary archival sources the early development of mountain tourism in South Africa is investigated. The time period covered is from the mid-19th century to the early 1950s. Arguably, the initial origins of mountain tourism in South Africa must be situated at Table Mountain in Cape Town. The focus shifts subsequently to the growth of mountain tourism in the high Drakensberg range. Although mountain tourism is dominated by domestic visitors it is argued that the South African Railways played a vital role in exposing South Africa — and especially the Drakensberg — as a potential destination for international mountain tourists.

Leveraging Major Sport Events’ Success Towards Positioning Qatar as a Sport Tourism Destination

Through substantial investments in the sports sector, Qatar has solidified its position as a prominent global sport events destination. Notably recognised for hosting the monumental 2006 Asian Games, this marked the inception of Qatar's evolution into a hub for sport tourism. Since then, Qatar has successfully hosted several large-scale international sporting events, culminating in the historic hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup. This trajectory continues with Qatar securing bids for forthcoming events such as the 2027 FIBA Basketball Cup and the 2030 Asian Games. Despite earlier unsuccessful bids for the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016 and 2020, Qatar remains committed to upholding its exceptional hosting legacy. This study seeks to discern the critical dimensions contributing to successful hosting and their broader impact on the host country. Drawing insights from a critical review of past events, including comparative analyses with FIFA World Cups from 2022, 2018, and 2014, this research aims to identify common key indicators and their influence on local communities. By discerning these elements, the study endeavours to craft a roadmap for hosting major sporting events, addressing challenges, and leveraging supporting factors. The outcomes will offer prospective agendas and recommendations intended to bolster Qatar's strategic positioning as a competitive international sport tourism destination. For aspiring nations like Qatar, these large-scale sporting events serve as catalysts for sustainable impacts that transcend the event itself.

Touristification and urban extractivism in Latin American destinations: Heritage and conflicts in Antigua Guatemala (Guatemala) and Cartagena de Indias (Colombia)

ABSTRACT Tourism is linked to new dynamics of capital accumulation in a wide variety of destinations worldwide, boosting the attraction of real estate investments. In Latin America, the state promoted tourism, advocating for the commodification of urban land leading to the regeneration of different historical centers, and then to displacement and segregation of the local population. Heritage recognition policies were a necessary part of triggering this trend, articulated with other urban dynamics, such as gentrification. Visual dimension of built environment understood as an urban landscape is a key in tourist and residential practices, as well as in investment strategies. Following an instrumental multiple study case strategy based on primary and secondary sources, and by fieldwork including interviews and photographic record, this article analyzes touristification in Antigua Guatemala (Guatemala) and Cartagena de Indias (Colombia), drawing on the theoretical concept of urban extractivism, and its relation with heritagization and gentrification processes. Both cities were founded during the colonial period, went through a heritagization process and are now consolidated as international tourist destinations. As a conclusion, touristification is considered as an expression of urban extractivism based on the reification of the built environment, in turn rooted on heritage recognition policies, overlapped with gentrification.

Sustaining subak, the balinese traditional ecological knowledge in the contemporary context of Bali

Abstract Subak is a local organization that formalizes the Balinese traditional ecological knowledge and wisdom in managing and distributing water for agricultural purposes. This organization combines cosmology, spirituality, science, ecology, and engineering dimensions of knowledge. As the current development of Bali Island as one of the international tourist destinations has changed its landscape which involves various factors such as physical, social, and cultural. Hence, to what extent the traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) practice can be sustained in the current context and development setting become our focus of study. This paper has three objectives. The first is to collate/document the various perspectives of TEK from sustainable agriculture practices, ecological principles, water irrigation systems, and spiritual practices and values as part of the learning document. The second is to analyze the interdependence of the human and environmental systems in the context of the socio-ecological system framework for Subak TEK and its cultural sustainability. Third, to outline the potential effort to sustain Subak TEK by strengthening its adaptive capacity in the broader context of learning to strengthening the community based tourism planning. This study deploy the socio-ecological system, SES framework as the underlying theory and analysis and explore diverse initiatives to sustain Subak in the future. The study was conducted in conjunction with a sustainability leadership program which deployed an inter- and transdisciplinary approach of sustainability science that focuses on Subak as its case. Situational and content analysis from the workshop discussion notes is used to provide examples that describe diverse initiatives in tourism, agriculture, and education. The study found out that the SES framework of analysis in Subak TEK documented several core ritual activities, the interpretation of THK philosophy and its local wisdom and values which represent the interaction the social and natural system. Hence, demonstrate as a living monument with strong human institutions and nature interaction. Further, the Subak TEK has substantial community capital values that need to be strengthened by integration in the formal and non-formal education, the enhancement of the Tri Hita Karana (THK) awards and accreditation for tourism operators and hotels in the broader context of education for sustainable development framework as well as community-based tourism development planning. This initiative need to be supported by a community-based tourism by involving Pekaseh and youngsters in the current context of Bali community-based tourism.

Under the Background of High-Quality Development, the Influence of Creating the Cultural Symbol of ‘Shaanxi Drama’ on Shaanxi’s Economic Development

As an ancient capital of the thirteen dynasties, Shaanxi Province has been striving to create an “international tourism destination of Chinese ancient capital culture.” In recent years, the development trend is good, and tourism performing arts have made great contributions to this, which has greatly improved Shaanxi Province, especially Xi’an, as a popular tourist destination. As a new business card of Shaanxi, it is of great significance to study what kind of cultural symbol it will create, which will become a new bright spot of Shaanxi tourism and further promote the development of the Shaanxi economy.

A reexamination of inbound tourism performance

This paper proposes to investigate tourism performance by employing fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. International tourist destinations are examined to identify the different paths leading to high levels of tourism arrivals and tourism receipts. The findings demonstrate that tourism performance is complex and requires specific combinations of conditions to succeed. The research identifies two types of destinations that rely on different factors to achieve success: Type 1 focuses on price competitiveness, while Type 2 emphasises the quality of the experience. Furthermore, it shows that a peculiar destination performs well in terms of receipts, relying on both price competitiveness and quality of the experience despite a lack of attractions. Type 1 and Type 2 destinations have good predictive validity in a pandemic context.

Prioritizing environmental policies in Greek coastal municipalities

The aim of the present contribution has been to present a methodological framework to gauge/assess the perceptions and identify the policy priorities of local-decision-makers for the management of the coastal zone under a changing climate, on the basis of structured ‘interviews’ of the local decision makers. The framework was applied in two different coastal areas in Greece: a) Elefsina, an urban-industrial area west of Athens with a long industrial history (and the 2023 European Capital of Culture); and b) the Aegean island of Santorini/Thera, a major international tourist destination due to the rare aesthetics of its volcanic landscape. The framework implementation showed that a) policy prioritization is characterized by an (understandably) overarching objective to address immediate environmental and socio-economic challenges in short time tables due also to constraints in appropriate human and financial resources and the reliance on higher governance (regional/national) levels; b) policy axis and action prioritizations are controlled by the local environmental setting and development model; c) interestingly for coastal municipalities policy actions associated with the study/protection of coastal ecosystems ranked very low albeit for different stated reasons; and d) climate change impacts and adaptation have not been prioritized highly in both coastal municipalities, in contrast to the large impacts and needs for adaptation projected for these areas and the evolving policy and legislation frameworks. It appears that higher efforts should be made in terms of the assessment of climate change impacts, and the dissemination of the assessment results and the relevance of the evolving policy and legislation regimes to the local policy makers.