International Scientific Databases Research Articles

Rehabilitation of patients with vulvovaginal atrophy

Background. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is characterized by a number of pathological changes, in particular urological disorders, vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) and sexual dysfunction. They are commonly accompanied by decreased quality of life (QoL) and often require medical intervention. At the same time, the steps taken to effectively solve this problem are not enough. Thus, it seems relevant to search for rehabilitation methods for VVA patients.Objective: to determine the effectiveness of current rehabilitation methods for VVA patients.Material and methods. The search of publications in international scientific databases PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, search engines and eLibrary revealed 4,330 publications, of them 44 sources were selected for the analysis after the screening procedure according to PRISMA scheme.Results. VVA is based on decreased serum estrogen level and estrogen receptors quantity. Estrogen is a vasoactive hormone that promotes blood supply to the genitals and is involved in maintaining the normal genitourinary microflora. This may occur in women for age-related reasons or as a result of ongoing therapy or radical surgical intervention. At the same time, GSM is often formed, where VVA is one of the key elements. These changes are accompanied by sexual dysfunction, distress and decreased overall QoL in women. It is advisable to carry out complex personalized rehabilitation and QoL monitoring for such patients. The effectiveness of estrogen-containing therapy for topical use as well as adjunctive therapy with non-hormonal lubricants and moisturizing gels or creams was shown for VVA patients.Conclusion. It was determined that VVA symptoms, in general, significantly affect the patients’ QoL, regardless of age. The necessity of developing specialized rehabilitation programs conducted by specialists of various profiles was noted. The effectiveness of these programs will be higher with timely diagnosis, which also requires significant attention.

Hemostasis correction in the treatment and rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients

Background. It is well known that the severe course of a new coronavirus infection (NCI) is often accompanied by a significant risk of hemostasis system disorders. Virus-associated coagulopathy in COVID-19 differs from its other types. Apparently, it is directly related to inflammatory processes and an inadequate response from the immune system.Objective: to determine the main mechanisms of immune-mediated coagulopathy development in NCI patients and methods of correcting this pathological condition.Material and methods. The search for studies devoted to the specifics of coagulopathy course in COVID-19, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with this complication was carried out in international scientific research databases PubMed/ MEDLINE, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and scientific electronic library (eLibrary). The search depth was 20 years. The results of queries in search engines Yandex and Google were also taken. After selection of publications performed according to PRISMA recommendations, 73 articles were included in the review.Results. A “vicious circle” associated with cytokine storm underlies the pathogenetic mechanisms of immune-mediated thrombosis in COVID-19 patients. A significant role of endothelial dysfunction, extracellular neutrophil traps (NETs), thrombocytopathy and changes in complement system activity is assigned to coagulopathy development. The therapy of this complication is aimed primarily at pathogenetic process. The effectiveness of anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory drugs, antiplatelet agents, drugs aimed at limiting the role of NETs and complement system in thrombosis development was shown. The expediency of preventive use of anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients was considered. Information was provided on the rehabilitation of NCI patients with coagulopathy. The effectiveness of combined anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant therapy in COVID-19 as a component of complex rehabilitation was indicated.Conslusion. Inflammatory processes and immune response play an crucial role in coagulopathy development in NCI patients. The combination of all pathogenetic changes on the part of immune system, inflammatory response and hemostasis system makes it difficult to carry out therapeutic measures. The general scheme of rehabilitation for COVID-19 patients should include three stages, and timely use of combined anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant therapy is also advisable.

Spatial Models of Solar and Terrestrial Radiation Budgets and Machine Learning: A Review

Currently, spatial modeling is of particular relevance as it enables the understanding of the patterns and spatial variability of an event, the monitoring and prediction of the spatial behavior of a variable, the optimization of resources, and the evaluation of the impacts of a phenomenon of interest. Research carried out recently on variables related to solar energy budgets has been of special relevance due to its applications and developments in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). These algorithms are crucial to improve the efficiency, precision, and applicability of remote sensing, allowing greater decision making with more reliable and timely data. Thus, this work proposes a systematic and rigorous methodology for searching research articles about the latest advances and contributions related to the modeling of radiative energy budgets using novel techniques and algorithms in some of the most relevant international scientific databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate). Search parameters were applied using tracking methods through various filters, specific classifiers, and Boolean operators. The results allowed for an analysis of search trends and citations in the last 5 years related to the topic of interest and the number of most relevant articles for this research, analyzed through specialized metrics and graphs. Additionally, this methodology was classified into four categories of importance for refined and articulated searches in this evaluation: (i) according to the applied interpolation methods, (ii) according to the remote sensors used, (iii) according to the applications in different fields of knowledge. As a relevant fact and with an essentially prospective purpose, a subchapter of this review was dedicated to the latest advances and developments applied to (iv) spatial modeling of terrestrial radiation through ML, this method being a tool that opens multiple alternatives for data processing and analysis in the development and achievement of objectives in the field of geotechnologies. A quantitative comparison was conducted on the predictive performance results between the classification/regression algorithms found in the studies explored in this review. The evaluation confirmed the existence of a persistent shortage of studies in recent years within the geotechnologies field, particularly concerning the comparison of spatial distribution modeling techniques developed and implemented through ML for incident solar and terrestrial radiation. Therefore, this work provides a synthesis and analysis of the most used and novel techniques in the modeling of solar energy budgets, their limitations, and biggest challenges.

Estrategias para la Generación de Productos de Nuevo Conocimiento y de Apropiación Social del Conocimiento, En Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo y Gestión Ambiental

Goal: This study aimed to conduct a thorough review of the scientific literature, meticulously identifying the diverse approaches, attributes, and logical schemes used to understand the intricate dynamics of organizational culture. Theoretical framework: The principles of meta-analysis were used for the bibliographic survey to contemplate all theories and theoretical fields contained in studies on organizational culture so that a faithful representation of its conceptual scope could be obtained. Method: The conceptual bibliographic method was used in its four stages: formulation of the problem, data collection in international scientific databases, analysis and organization of the data, and consequent generation of answers to the investigation's guiding questions. Results and discussion: The results indicated the existence of 27 distinct approaches, which can be organized into seven semantic groups. One hundred-two attributes were also found, which generated ten semantic groups. The logic found is that organizational culture manifests itself through sharing its members' mental content and configuring physical and extraphysical spaces. Implications of the research: These findings shed new light on organizational culture by characterizing it as an extraphysical phenomenon that manifests itself physically, confirming new theoretical fields about organizations, such as spiritual and interpsychic dimensions. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the understanding of organizational culture by showing that rites, myths, beliefs, values, and others are merely distinct forms of manifestation of a phenomenon that is intrinsically and extrinsically non-material.

The Nursing Role in the Management of Medication Overuse Headache: Realities and Prospects.

This review aims to analyze the current literature to identify articles related to the role of nurses and, in general, the nursing management of patients suffering from medication overuse headache (MOH), a globally spread disease. We specifically argue for non-pharmacological approaches to pain management, such as multidisciplinary team approaches, holistic treatment, cognitive behavioral therapy and exercise. For this review, we investigated international scientific databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Embase, in the period between 2000 and 2024. We observed a wealth of scientific articles related to MOH, but a poverty of articles relating to the nursing management of headache. The research included the presence of academic-level training for nurses, whereas there are few institutions that train competent professionals in both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of MOH patients. Nursing assessment and assistance strategies are indicated to plan tailored treatment paths related to the specific needs of these patients.

Artificial Intelligence in the Effective Execution Process of Construction Projects in the Future

The construction industry currently constitutes 13% of the global gross domestic product (GDP), with projections indicating an 85% increase in value to $15.5 trillion by 2030. The widespread adoption of information technology (IT) has significantly enhanced the integration of disparate data in construction project environments. Consequently, the construction sector including full construction value chain, is undergoing a transformative phase. The increasing investment in artificial intelligence (AI) makes it impossible to keep pace with its rapid advancements. Hence, this study aims to examine the role of AI in facilitating the effective execution of construction projects in the future. This research employs a document analysis approach and scrutinizes 20 relevant papers from both domestic and international scientific databases. Methodologically, this study adopts an applied research approach, and based on the method of data collection, it is considered a descriptive survey method. Therefore, a questionnaire was designed and distributed among 100 experts and practitioners familiar with AI concepts in Tehran for data collection to conduct a census-style field study. Subsequently, Smart PLS software was employed for data analysis. The findings not only validate the model's reliability, validity and fit but also present solutions and pertinent issues related to challenges concerning AI future role in enhancing project execution efficacy.

Smart Sustainable Cities: a Meta-Analysis of Concepts and Discourses in the Literature

Objective: Establish a descriptive correlation between different concepts of Smart and Sustainable Cities, in terms of theoretical and empirical foundations and assumptions. Method: The analysis is mixed, using a Systematic Literature Review and the PSALSAR methodology - Protocol, Search, Appraisal, Syntesis, Analysis and Results. The searches were carried out on four international scientific databases and one national database, with an interdisciplinary focus, involving the areas of Social Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Computer Sciences, Engineering and Energy. Research Significance: The idea of making cities smart and sustainable arises from looking for solutions in the places where the majority of the population is concentrated, along with the opportunities and threats to provide sustainable development. However, the concepts and structures relating to these cities are unclear, and there is still divergent discussion about which technologies have a positive impact on society and what their effects are on the sustainability of the planet. Results and Discussion: The approaches and discourses are aligned with the concept of sustainable development, but implementation in practice depends on government policies. Several counterpoints were found in the discourses analysed, including the fact that smart cities are not necessarily sustainable, and even in cities labelled as smart and sustainable, the lack of an environmental focus was highlighted.

РОЛЬ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В ЭТИОПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ ОСТЕОМИЕЛИТА ЧЕЛЮСТЕЙ

The subject of the study is the importance of molecular genetic research methods in the study of the etiopathogenesis of osteomyelitis of the jaws. The purpose of the work is to provide up-to-date information to researchers, dental surgeons, and maxillofacial surgeons on the possibilities of molecular genetic research in identifying bacterial pathogens in osteomyelitis of the jaws, as well as to reflect genetic markers of pathogenicity factors for a number of the main causative agents of the disease. Methodology. International scientific databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Collaboration, Elsevier, as well as electronic catalogs eLIBRARY.RU and CyberLeninka.ru were used. Results. A review of publications demonstrated that S. aureus and S. Epidermidis dominate the etiological spectrum of causative agents of bone tissue infections. The participation of these microorganisms is determined by a whole range of pathogenicity factors. Toxins and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes play a major role in the pathogenesis of osteomyelitis and disease progression. It has been shown that the pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans are capable of inducing differentiated production of cytokines. The most attention has been attracted to E. faecium, which exhibits multidrug resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. The proportion of infections mediated by S. epidermidis and S. Saprophyticus is, on average, about 25% of cases. The proportion of representatives of gram-negative flora Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Serratia reaches 23% of cases. Pathogenic nosocomial strains of P. aeruginosa are also involved in the formation of chronic inflammation in osteomyelitis. According to the results of published studies, more than a third of cases of chronic osteomyelitis are mediated by microbial associations, which are dominated by S. aureus, S. epidermidis and, less commonly, E. faecalis. Conclusions. The use of PCR analysis to identify the causative agents of osteomyelitis and gene amplification using specific primers has a huge advantage over routine microbiological tests, being an informative method for studying the pathogenicity factors of the main pathogens. The high importance of molecular genetic methods in the study of the etiopathogenesis of osteomyelitis of the jaws requires their widespread use in the clinic of surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery to successfully solve complex problems in the rehabilitation of patients with this disease.

The Effects of Participating in International Mobility for Russian Scientists

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the opening of borders, numerous measures have been taken to internationalize Russian science. In particular, publications in journals that are listed in international scientific citation databases have become a point of closer focus. Universities and scientific organizations began inviting foreign professors and sending their own staff and students abroad on international internships. After the start of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine in 2022, Russian science faced numerous sanctions that entailed a reduction in international cooperation. However Russian scientists have accumulated 30 years of experience in active participation in international cooperation and academic mobility. Nevertheless, there is still a significant lack of understanding of how this experience will impact the scientific careers of Russian scientists going forward. In this article, the authors present the results of a study dedicated to exploring this issue. The theoretical framework for the analysis is based on such a concept as “the Three Careers of an Academic” (organizational, cognitive, and community careers) proposed by German experts in sociology of science Johan Gläser and Grit Laudel. The empirical data used in the study include materials from in-depth interviews with young scientists under the age of 39, collected in 2020–2021 as part of a project known as “International Mobility of Russian Young Researchers”, as well as the results of a sociological survey of 7,255 highly productive scientists conducted under the “Monitoring of education markets and organizations” in 2022. All respondents had spent more than three months abroad. The study revealed that international mobility has a comprehensive impact, noticeable in all three components of a scientific career. Acquired knowledge and skills, as well as involvement in international projects contribute to the development of a researcher’s cognitive career, while new professional connections promote advancement in the international scientific community. As for the “organizational dimension” of a career, mobility does not have a direct influence on career advancement. However, mobility often leads to personal changes, particularly influencing one’s determination to switch jobs and seek better conditions. These assessments are presented for the first time and can be useful in developing recommendations for science and technology policies regarding the revision of mobility support programs in light of the new geopolitical reality.

Folate supplementation as a beneficial add-on treatment in relieving depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses.

The results of meta-analyses investigating the role of folate on depression are conflicting. The aim of this umbrella meta-analysis was to obtain an overall effect and give a concise and resolving conclusion. International scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to Oct 2023. All observational and interventional meta-analyses investigating the role of folate in depression were included in the study. Random-effects model was employed to obtain pooled results. I 2 statistics and Cochrane Q test were used to assess the between-study heterogeneity. The quality of included meta-analyses was evaluated using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2) questionnaire. Overall 11 studies were included, of which 8 studies went under quantitative evaluation. The results indicated that folate supplementation significantly relieved depression symptoms [(SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.57, -0.27, p < .001; I 2 = 0.0%, p-heterogeneity = 0.554) (WMD: -3.20; 95% CI: -4.00, -2.41, p < .001, I 2 = 14.8%, p-heterogeneity = 0.318)] with low levels of heterogeneity. Also, based on observational studies, folate insufficiency significantly increased the odds ratio of depression by 35% (OR:1.35; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.42, p < .001, I 2 = 8.7%, p-heterogeneity = 0.350). The findings support the fact that folate supplementation could be suggested as an efficacious and adjuvant agent in the alleviation of depression symptoms along with routine medications.

Antepartum Fetal Surveillance and Optimal Timing of Delivery in Diabetic Women: A Narrative Review.

Antepartum fetal surveillance (AFS) is essential for pregnant women with diabetes to mitigate the risk of stillbirth. However, there is still no universal consensus on the optimal testing method, testing frequency, and delivery timing. This review aims to comprehensively analyze the evidence concerning AFS and the most advantageous timing for delivery in both gestational and pregestational diabetes mellitus cases. This review's methodology involved an extensive literature search encompassing international diabetes guidelines and scientific databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The review process meticulously identified and utilized pertinent articles for analysis. Within the scope of this review, a thorough examination revealed five prominent international guidelines predominantly addressing gestational diabetes. These guidelines discuss the utility and timing of fetal well-being assessments and recommendations for optimal pregnancy resolution timing. However, the scarcity of clinical trials directly focused on this subject led to a reliance on observational studies as the basis for most recommendations. Glucose control, maternal comorbidities, and the medical management received are crucial in making decisions regarding AFS and determining the appropriate delivery timing.

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG seroprevalence in the general population in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis, 2000-2023.

Toxoplasmosis ranks among the most prevalent parasitic diseases globally. It seems that chronic toxoplasmosis is associated with several neuropsychiatric and other harmful effects in infected people, therefore, there is a need to investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis across various world regions. In this study, we conducted a meticulous meta-analysis to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies within the general population in Iran (GPI). International and national scientific databases for studies published between January 1, 2000, and September 30, 2023, were searched. Observational studies reporting anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence in the GPI was selected/included. The data were synthesized using a random-effects model to calculate with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) the national and regional anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence rates in Iran. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the frequency of exposition to T. gondii in different socio-demographic, climatic, and geographical scenarios. From 18661 identified studies, 327 were included in the present meta-analysis, encompassing 122,882 individuals across the 31 Iranian provinces. The pooled nationwide anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence among the GPI was determined to be 32.9% (95% CI: 30.9-35.1%). The highest anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence was observed in Mazandaran province (North of Iran) (61%), whereas the lowest was in Semnan province (12.5%).Anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence demonstrated a higher occurrence in provinces characterized by moderate temperatures of 16-21°C, high relative humidity, and annual precipitation. Additionally, a higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence was identified among individuals with a habit of consumption of undercooked meat, raw fruits or vegetables, and untreated water. Moreover, those reporting direct contact with cats, possessing a lower level of education, residing in rural areas, being engaged in farming occupations, or playing the role of housewives exhibited higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence figures.The anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence within GPI closely aligns with the estimated worldwide average exposition rates. This underscores the imperative for public health policymakers to prioritize educational efforts regarding toxoplasmosis transmission pathways and its link to harmful effects.

Quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis

Introduction: The chronic renal failure is a serious and chronic health problem, worldwide, associated with increased morbidity and mortality and which has serious implications for the quality of life of patients, especially those undergoing hemodialysis. Aim: The highlight of the factors that affect the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis, as well as the importance of measuring it in the context of planning the care of these patients. Methods: For the writing of this review, a systematic approach was used to search and identify all recently published literature (articles, studies and reviews) related to the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis, through the international scientific databases PubMed, Academia.Edu, ResearchGate as well as the Greek literature. Results: According to the results of the present review, the nature, severity and duration of the disease and the organic problems arising from it, as well as psychosocial and economic factors, are causes that affect the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Conclusions: The measurement and evaluation of the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis, through valid scientific tools, is an important and integral part of therapeutic intervention and should therefore be evaluated at regular intervals in clinical practice.

Can physical exercise help people with irritable bowel syndrome? How substantial is the evidence?

Purpose: Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders worldwide that negatively affect health and quality of life and imposes high costs. Increasing attention is being paid to non-pharmacological therapies, like physical exercise, to manage and alleviate irritable bowel syndrome symptoms, but the underlying mechanism is unclear, and the evidence is inconclusive. This article aims to provide an overview analysis of the recent evidence that links physical exercise with irritable bowel symptoms.&#x0D; Material and methods. For the last five years of research (2018-2023), we searched several international scientific databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, ADI, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Medline, Clinical trials.gov, Google Scholar, and the WHO database.&#x0D; Results. Generally, exercise exerts variable effects on gut physiology, integrity, and health. Much research recommended adopting regular light-to-moderate aerobic exercise and relaxation anaerobic exercise to enhance the patient’s psychological well-being and alleviate global irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. These types of exercise are purported to improve bowel function, motility, tone, habits, immunity, microbial diversity, and quality of life due to a decrease in psychological stress, depression, anxiety index, irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity score, intestinal hypersensitivity, and gut permeability. In contrast, more studies reported several disruptive effects of vigorous aerobic exercise on gut integrity and physiology that can compromise irritable bowel syndrome symptoms by inducing splanchnic hypoperfusion, gastrointestinal epithelial wall damage, malabsorption, dysbiosis, and bacterial translocation, thus calling into question the positive outcomes of the exercise.&#x0D; Conclusions. There is overwhelming evidence recommending regular light-to-moderate aerobic exercise and anaerobic relaxation exercises for patients with IBS. However, this evidence seems low-quality, making it challenging to confirm the actual impacts of exercise. Ethnicity, study design, type and intensity of exercise, and methodological issues are among the reasons that are put forward to account for this low-quality evidence. Thus, well-designed plausible studies, particularly randomized controlled trials and research on individualized exercise intervention settings that consider exercise frequency, intensity, time, type, volume, and progression, are highly demanded to enable drawing specific exercise recommendations for irritable bowel syndrome patients without adverse effects.

New map of the research published in Profesional de la Información (2006-2023)

In 2006, Profesional de la Información (EPI) began to be indexed by international scientific literature databases and is currently one of the leading Spanish journals in Library &amp; Information Science and in Communication. Research fields can be characterized and analysed based on the patterns of keywords used in the publications. One of the most used techniques for this is co-word analysis. This technique is used in the present study to examine the structure of the research published in EPI. The journal’s two-fold spirit in Library &amp; Information Science and in Communication is revealed, comprising six main thematic areas. Since no poor behaviour is seen in any of these areas, it can be concluded that, in becoming part of WoS and Scopus, EPI has entered a virtuous cycle that has led it to successfully expand its thematic scope, and to attain levels of impact and excellence superior to those of its origins.

The association between ulcerative colitis and COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis systematic review.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, many challenges arose regarding the impact of this disease on people with ulcerative colitis. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence, severity, and death consequences of COVID-19 in patients with ulcerative colitis using a systematic review and meta-analysis. This study was conducted using a systematic review and meta-analysis method in the field of prevalence, severity, and clinical consequences of COVID-19 in people with ulcerative colitis worldwide. The search was conducted in international scientific databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, from the beginning of 2020 to October 2023. The quality of the eligible studies was assessed using the Strobe and Newcastle Ottawa checklists. The data were analyzed using a fixed-effects model in the meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed using STATA version 17. Nineteen studies with a sample size of 224,520 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that, in COVID-19 patients with ulcerative colitis, the prevalence of hospitalization, death, COVID-19 severity, and mortality rate in severe patients was 54% (95% CI, 27-80%), 10% (95% CI, 4-16%), 20% (95% CI, 8-34%), 63% (95% CI, 46-80%), respectively. In comparison with the general population, the odds ratio (OR) of hospitalization in patients due to COVID-19 was OR = 1.28 (95% CI, 1.19-1.38, P < 0.001), and the chance of severe COVID-19 was OR = 1.30 (95% CI, 1.22-1.53, P < 0.001). The probability of contracting the severe type of COVID-19 and hospitalization in patients with ulcerative colitis was higher than in the general population.

Pulmonary Rehabilitation Strategies for the Treatment of Pneumoconiosis: A Narrative Review.

Pneumoconiosis is a collection of lung diseases caused by inhaling mineral dust that poses an important risk to public health worldwide. Effective clinical treatments are currently limited, but pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has shown promise in treating respiratory diseases. This review aims to assess the effectiveness of PR strategies for treating pneumoconiosis. We searched research studies that investigated the effectiveness of PR interventions for pneumoconiosis patients in international scientific databases and comprehensively reviewed PR strategies for the treatment of pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis patients are increasingly being treated with a multimodal PR program. PR interventions could save healthcare costs, reduce dyspnea, improve exercise performance, and enhance overall health-related quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis. PR interventions are effective in improving respiratory function and quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal PR strategies for pneumoconiosis patients and to investigate the long-term effects of these interventions.

A Review of the Latest Findings of Candida Colonization and Candidiasis in Patients with Psoriasis and Its Management

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease causing raised, scaly patches on the skin, especially the elbows, knees, and scalp due to systemic inflammation. The disease affects more than 125 million people worldwide. Psoriasis is associated with problems such as depression, reduced quality of life, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, lymphoma, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. Psoriasis has a complex pathogenesis that is not yet fully understood. Many studies have shown the importance of the microbiome for the exacerbation of psoriasis. On the other hand, psoriasis and some other treatments can increase the colonization of some microbial agents in the body. Candida is commensal yeast that forms part of the natural microflora of the skin and mucous membranes. It has been shown that people with psoriasis are susceptible to candidiasis. In this review article, the causes of candidiasis, its diagnosis, and treatment in patients with psoriasis, as well as psoriasis aggravation methods by Candida species have also been investigated. To this end, keywords such as "psoriasis", "candida", " oral candidiasis", "cutaneous candidiasis", "vulvovaginal candidiasis", "epidemiology of Candida" and "balanitis" were searched. Articles published in national and international scientific databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, Elsevier databases, Scopus, Science Direct, IranMedex, and SID from 2001 to 2023 were used. Oral candidiasis, cutaneous candidiasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and balanitis are diseases that affect people with psoriasis. On the other. This fungus may aggravate psoriasis through toxin production and activation of T lymphocytes independent of antigen presentation.&#x0D;

Теоретические подходы к определению сущности циркулярной экономики

The article, based on the analysis of statistical data, substantiates the need to change the paradigm of socio-economic development and transition to a nature-like, environmentally friendly closed-loop economy. The study explores various theoretical approaches to defining the circular economy (CE) as an alternative to the traditional linear economy described in domestic and foreign science literature. The author-developed definition of a circular economy is proposed. The article reveals multidimensional benefits gained due to the introduction of circular economy principles into the real economy. Unified approaches to understanding the CE essence are necessary to determine the directions for further development of the CE concept and the possibilities of its implementation in business processes. The research theoretical background includes national and foreign scientific papers on the issues of closed-loop economy (circular economy) concept development. The data background includes analytical and statistical reports of international and national environmental organizations and governmental and non-governmental entities. Applied methods of informational monitoring and analysis of national and international scientific databases, systemic analysis, synthesis, and pattern identification determine the validity of the conclusions. The results obtained will allow determining the conditions, possible ways, and methods for systemic environmental transformation of economic goods production and consumption processes and for the transition to a closed-loop economy model.

The Use of Herbal Remedies to Improve the Functional Activity of the Liver and Gall Bladder

Recently, scientists have been researching medicinal plants and preparations made from them. Herbal extracts containing phytocomponents have significant antiulcer effects in in vivo experiments on animal models compared to reference drugs. Plants with antioxidant properties are used to treat ulcer diseases. The article summarize literature data on the use of herbal remedies to improve liver and gallbladder function. The analysis of scientific publications in the international electronic scientific and metric databases Scopus, PubMed by keywords was carried out. The search depth is 15 years (2007 2021). The positive effect of herbal medicines on human health has been proven. Special attention is drawn to such components as: the root of prickly capers, wild chicory, black nightshade, the bark of terminalia arjuna, the root of western cassia, common yarrow, leaves of the Gallic tamarisk. The influence of these plant components on the treatment of common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system was analyzed. Indications and contraindications for use, advantages and disadvantages of these plant components are described. The characteristics of the new herbal remedy are given, which contains the right combination of the quantitative content of plant components, such as the root of prickly capers, wild chicory, nightshade black, arjuna terminalia bark, western cassia root, common yarrow, leaves of the Galian tamarisk. Herbal remedy can be recommended as a source of biologically active substances of herbal origin, which have hepatoprotective properties and contribute to the normalization of the liver and gall bladder, as well as prevent the negative impact of toxic substances on the body.