This study examined the influence of access to and frequent use of information and communication technology (ICT) in school and home settings on achievement in mathematics for Grades 8 and 9 African students. A large-scale international database, that of the 2015 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study was used and hierarchical linear models were employed to examine school- and student-level variables. Findings showed that student access to ICT during a lesson was significant and a positive predictor for student learning outcomes in mathematics, while teacher integration of ICT into pedagogy as a mediating factor had a negative association. Student-level ICT predictors, for example access to ICT at home, had a positive association with student learning outcomes in mathematics, while intensity of student ICT use was a negative predictor; this applied even after controlling for age, gender, and educational resources at home.