If an international nuclear nonproliferation regime is to be strengthened, nothing will be gained by holding back activities designed to develop the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. It is advisable instead for advanced nuclear energy states to assist any country in the development of nuclear energy and while ensuring that such development is limited to peaceful uses. It should also be noted that if cooperation in the field of peaceful uses is not extended as promised by theNPT, in Article IV, theNPT-based nuclear nonproliferation regime will be in constant peril of collapse.