International Medical Congress Research Articles

Dr. Newton Shaffer (1846-1928): Renowned Orthopedic Surgeon and Founder of the American Orthopaedic Association.

An unsung hero of American orthopedic surgery is the largely forgotten Dr. Newton Melman Shaffer (1846-1928). Upon graduating from medical school at New York University, Shaffer began his career training at the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled in 1867. Shaffer then went on to practice at St. Luke's Hospital and New York Orthopaedic Dispensary and Hospital where he became chief. Here, Shaffer made major contributions to the field in treating clubfoot and tuberculosis. He then declared orthopedics as a separate entity from general surgery at the 10th International Medical Congress. He helped start the American Orthopaedic Association to push for the recognition of American orthopedics to the international community. In 1900, Shaffer opened the first state-run hospital for underprivileged children requiring rehabilitation. During his career, Shaffer advocated for conservative orthopedic treatments, aided in the invention of medical devices, contributed largely to academic orthopedics, and successfully advocated for the inception of the field of orthopedic surgery.

High versus low positive end-expiratory pressure setting in patients receiving veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: study protocol for the multicentre, randomised ExPress SAVER Trial

IntroductionWhile limiting the tidal volume to 6 mL/kg during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) to ameliorate lung injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is widely accepted,...

The Carbon Costs of In-Person Versus Virtual Medical Conferences for the Pharmaceutical Industry: Lessons from the Coronavirus Pandemic.

BackgroundMany in-person congresses have shifted to a virtual format owing to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We assessed carbon emissions savings associated with virtual attendance at international medical congresses for a mid-sized pharmaceutical company, to identify which aspects are driving the carbon cost.MethodsWe assessed carbon emissions that were the responsibility of company attendees (including their guests) for the most attended congresses by employees (American Society of Clinical Oncology [ASCO], European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society [ENETS], European Society for Medical Oncology [ESMO], World Congress for NeuroRehabilitation [WCNR]). For in-person estimates, we considered travel, accommodation and congress attendance; for online estimates, we considered office and internet-related energy use. Emissions were defined using recognised data sources.ResultsFor 1723 anticipated in-person attendees, calculated total carbon emissions were 3,262,574 kgCO2e (mean per in-person company attendee, 1894 kgCO2e: ASCO, 4172; ESMO, 1479; WCNR, 1153; ENETS, 1009). For context, the average UK resident’s annual carbon footprint is 5600 kgCO2e. Travel accounted for 91–96% of total emissions, mainly through long distance and business-class air travel. Calculated total carbon emissions associated with 1839 virtual attendees were 19,095 kgCO2e (mean per virtual company attendee, 10.4 kgCO2e; equivalent to approximately 0.3–1.1% of in-person attendance emissions across all four congresses assessed).ConclusionCarbon emissions associated with virtual attendance were two orders of magnitude lower than for in-person attendance, and therefore the benefits of in-person attendance at medical congresses must be balanced against the carbon cost. Due diligence around who should attend and how they should travel to face-to-face meetings, and consideration of hybrid and domestic satellite options could be part of a balanced solution to reducing carbon emissions.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40290-022-00421-3.

VII International Medical Forum "Medicine innovations - the nation's health"and V International Medical Congress "Introduction of modern medical science advances into healthcare practice in Ukraine" April 19-21, 2016, Kyiv (theses)

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Peripheral Nerve: Health and Medicine in Cold War Latin America

Peripheral Nerve: Health and Medicine in Cold War Latin America

Between states, philanthropic societies, and the Red Cross: managing dead bodies and the crossroads of “Progress”, 1856-1889

This paper examines the debates and controversies around the hygienic management of corpses having arisen in Europe since the 1850s and, most particularly, during the next three decades on various international medical and health congresses. The main debates revolved around the so-called “rational burial of the dead”. The issue comprised varied matters, namely, provisions to regulate the establishment of cemeteries in the green areas round the towns; use of effective chemical disinfectants; diagnosis of “real” versus “apparent” death; procedures for the identification of dead bodies; alternative systems to burial, and so on.

Anglo-French neurological interactions in the 19th and early 20th centuries: Physicians, places and events.

The development of neurology as an independent discipline in the mid-19th century was considerably influenced by the almost simultaneous foundation of the Charcot School at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris and the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic and it's School at Queen Square in London in the 1860's. We have reviewed the early interactions between Charcot's school and the leading neurologists at the National Hospital and also discussed their neurological antecedents and subsequent links up to the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914. Earlier interactions involved Trousseau and Duchenne in France and Graves, Todd, Laycock and Allbutt in Britain. The French Brown-Séquard was one of the first two physicians appointed to the National Hospital. Charcot was a frequent visitor to Britain culminating in his influential role in the 1881 International Medical Congress in London. He first suggested the terms "Parkinson's Disease" and "Jacksonian Epilepsy". He attracted numerous British visitors to Paris and his studies of hysteria were influenced by Laycock, Todd and Russell Reynolds. Hughlings Jackson drew upon the anatomical studies of Gratiolet in his interactions with Broca and Charcot which influenced French views on aphasia, epilepsy and cortical localisation. Ball, an Englishman, was the first Professor of mental and brain diseases in Paris in 1877. Bruce in Edinburgh and Kinnier Wilson in London both maintained frequent contacts with Paris, where the latter first presented his studies of hepatolenticular degeneration in 1912. The Entente Cordiale of 1904 led to further interactions with the leading role of the French and British physicians Raymond and Duckworth. Two outstanding British women, Elizabeth Garrett and Blanche Edwards, qualified in Medicine in Paris with neurological interests. Our review emphasises the constructive influence of the French and British Schools on each other and thus on the development of neurology. The French influence was primarily the establishment of the anatomo-clinical method and the use of photographic illustrations in publications. The British School influence was its Clinical Assessment Skills and scientific studies of newly recognised diseases and concepts and its early development of neurosurgery.

20th International Medical Congress of the Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí (UASLP): Infectious Diseases. June 09th-12th 2021: Abstracts

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratoryvirus, and we would expect the symptoms to bedirectly associated with the respiratory system.Nevertheless, within recent investigations, scientists have observed that most of the patients withCOVID-19 have had gastrointestinal manifestations such as: gastroenteritis, diarrhea, vomit,nausea, and stomachache.Objectives: The main objective is the understanding, through the physiopathology, of SARSCoV-2 and the lung-gut axis, also the relationthat exists between the level of gastrointestinaldysbiosis in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2and the influence of microbiota.Methods: Through the PubMed platform andGoogle Scholar, we found the reviewed articles.The key words used were: gut-lung axis, dysbiosis, ACE2 and RAAS.Results: It's been demonstrated the relationbetween SARS-CoV-2 and dysbiosis of gastrointestinal microbiota, being this the responsible ofthe severity of the COVID-19. Also the ACE2acts as a receptor for de SARS-CoV-2 to decreaseits presence in the gut giving as a result inflammation process, vasoconstriction and fibrosis thanksto the reduction of the protective barrier increasing the ACE levels that change RAAS generatingsymptoms like: gastroenteritis, diarrhea, vomit,nausea, and stomachache. Discussion: The lung-gut axis has a big influence in the severity of the symptoms caused bythe SARS-CoV-2, both the respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. This is because this axisacts in a bidirectional way, involving directly thegastrointestinal and the respiratory systems. Thisis the reason we conclude that if a patient has ahealthy microbiota, the disease is more likely tobe light or medium light, but if the patient doesn'thave a healthy microbiota, the disease is morelikely to be severe.

Section of Psychiatry at the XIII International Medical Congress in Paris

For me, there is no doubt about the complete failure of the XIIIth Medical Congress; the main goals of international congresses were not achieved and the vast majority remained dissatisfied with this congress. The main goal of the congresses is to familiarize themselves with the current state of science: the members who have presented their reports, of course, wish to familiarize as many comrades as possible with their work; members who have not submitted reports wish to familiarize themselves with new works of interest to them. The second purpose of the congresses is to get closer to associates; it is clear that the participants in international congresses wish to get to know each other and get close to foreign comrades.

Demetrius Zambaco Pasha (1832-1913): The first leprologist of the Orient.

Démétrius Zambaco Pasha (1832-1913) was an internationally renowned Ottoman-born French dermatologist of Greek origin who is considered the first leprologist of the Orient. A graduate from the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, he practised there until he returned to Istanbul in 1872 and later served as a private physician to the Ottoman sultan Abdul Hamid II (1842-1918), then Abbas Hilmi Pasha (1874-1944), the last Khedive of Egypt. Dr Zambaco produced numerous publications in a variety of medical subjects including leprosy, syphilis, morphinomania, eunuchs, and medical history. Leprosy, however, was his main field of scientific interest, with nearly 40 studies published and many other communications presented at international medical congresses. Due to his outstanding scientific contributions, Dr Zambaco garnered many accolades including the Cholera Medal of Honour, the Montyon Prize, and Légion d'Honneur from France as well as the honorary title of Pasha, a higher rank in the political and military system, from the Ottoman Empire.

Analysis of nutritional status and factors associated with undernutrition in children aged 6-59 months in a rural area of Sri Lanka

Poster Presentation Abstract (PP 036), 130th Anniversary International Medical Congress, Sri Lanka Medical Association, 13th-16th July 2017 Colombo, Sri Lanka

Patients, Practice, and Policy: Genre and Dr Moran's Cancer Writing

Medical literature of the 1920s and 1930s used different narrative forms to meet reader information needs. Australian general and specialist medical journals were often scientific in writing style while the pamphlet form was used for public health education. International medical congresses, which Australians attended, used the conference paper medium and collections were often published in weighty volumes. Herbert Moran was a surgeon and prolific medical writer who used different genres to address concerns about cancer management and treatment. His career included the experimental application of radium and radiation therapy for cancer treatment. This article explores three examples of Moran's writing and shows how he adjusted his style and medical content to fit publication type and audience information needs.

Досвід впровадження прогресивних форм навчання у вищу медичну освіту

The significant demand of changes in the medical education system bases on two factors: a prominent increase of the medical information`s volume and a rapid scientific progress in the understanding of medical facts, phenomena, etc. Therefore, the informatization of continuous medical education should become the principal platform of these changes, especially in the context of the current reform of the medical sphere. In addition to modular higher education, another very effective remote learning technology through the Internet is widely provided. Technologies such as electronic universities, academies, schools, libraries, training portals, educational electronic resources, virtual round tables, seminars, conferences, symposiums, lectures, practical classes, laboratory works, work-shops have become popular. Multimedia and interactive learning tools, in addition to traditional forms, can enhance the quality of education by using of modern computer technologies (educational CDs, E-books, atlases, presentations, films, MCQs, etc.) in the educational process. The implementation of modern views on the development of medical science and practice is the introduction of adjustments in the training and professional development of medical workers with the approach of their education to international standards. One of the effective forms of distribution of personal pedagogical experience is such a modern form of methodical work as a workshop. The opportunity to demonstrate their workshops and attend such classes of colleagues is one of the types of informational education for modern doctors. The effectiveness of the workshop on the topic "Differential diagnosis of the anemic syndrome" with students and young scientists in the framework of the International Medical and Pharmaceutical Congress of Students and Young Scientists was analyzed in present work. The workshop was held in an integrated style, in the form of the combination of lecture and practical class. The scientific and practical event was evaluated positively according to all the criteria; the participants suggested the directions for further improvement of differential diagnostics of hematological pathology in the internal diseases.

EP29.06: Metabolic syndrome and risk of endometrial carcinoma among asymptomatic, postmenopausal, urban Sri Lankan females: a community cohort follow‐up study

Oral Presentation Abstract (OP 023), 130th Anniversary International Medical Congress, Sri Lanka Medical Association, 13th-16th July 2017 Colombo, Sri Lanka

Fate of Abstracts Presented at the First International Congress of Nephrology and Urology, Tehran, Iran, 2015

Objectives: The publication rate of abstracts presented at a scientific congress is considered as an indicator of congress’s scientific quality. This rate is in range of 11% to 78% with an average of 45% in international medical congresses. The current survey aimed to determine the publication rate of the presented abstracts at the first international congress of nephrology and urology (ICNU) in 2015. Methods: Data of oral and poster presentations including abstracts’ titles and authors were gathered from the proceeding of the first ICNU, Tehran, Iran, 2015. The presented abstracts were searched in Scopus, PubMed, and ISC (for Persian language published papers). All the abstracts were categorized based on presentation type (oral or poster presentation), topic, study type and design, publication status, time interval between the presentation and the publication date, and the journal publishing the full text of the abstracts. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS (version 18, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The total number of abstracts accepted at the first ICNU was 210 (63 as oral and 147 as poster). The results showed that 49 out of 210 abstracts were published as full-text articles in indexed journals, giving the overall publication rate of 23.3%. 6 out of 49 published papers were in Persian Language. In this survey, the rate of publication was 41.3% for oral presentations. The abstracts of prospective studies and original articles were more likely to be published in journals. The median time to publication was 5.3 months (range 1 - 12 months). Conclusions: Novel ideas and innovative approaches were discussed at the first ICNU, Tehran, Iran, 2015. The 23.3% publication rate found in the current study was lower than the mean publication rate of previous medical congresses. If the presented abstracts in a congress are not published as papers to be available to all, it would be waste of effort and time.

Organization of International Medical Congresses as Possibility for Extending Croatian Tourist Offer

Abstract Organization of international medical congresses is a perfect example of multidisciplinary cooperation with professional medical associations and Medical schools on one side and professional congress organizers on the other. Medical congresses are perhaps most frequent congresses in the world. Organization of medical congresses can be achieved in a number of ways: Organizers can be local professional associations or Medical schools, international professional associations and international professional congress organizers. To be nominated for organization of a congress, successful cooperation of medical professionals is needed, especially doctors and professional congress organizers. Success largely depends on knowledge of the availability of conference halls, available accommodations in the vicinity of the congress halls, ease of access to the congress destination, expectancies of possible candidates who will attend in connection to the congress destination, lobbying for nomination for organization of a congress. This article will analyze availability of conference halls in Croatia, accommodation capacities, transport possibilities. For the needs of this article, pilot questionnaire was constructed about demands of possible participants and their preferable destinations to be visited. Statistical analysis of Medical congresses in Europe is also shown according to geographical spreading. Concluding the article, we show that better education of medical staff about the possibilities of professional congress organizing are very important, as well as sharing of the experiences from big congresses among the medical professional in the field of medical congress organization. With multidisciplinary approach of all participants in organization of the congress (Ministry of Tourism, Croatian Tourist Association, Croatian Associations of professionals in congress tourism, hotels, medical professionals) Croatia could be much better recognized as destination for organizing medical congresses.

VII International Medical Forum and V Anniversary International Medical Congress

VII International Medical Forum and V Anniversary International Medical Congress

Fate of abstracts presented at the 2008 congress of the French Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Society

Publication of abstracts presented at a scientific meeting is a measure of the latter's scientific quality. ObjectivesTo evaluate the publication rate for abstracts presented at the 2008 congress of the French Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Society (SOFMER) and to identify (i) factors that were predictive of publication and (ii) the main reasons for non-publication. MethodsWe searched the PubMed database for publications related to SOFMER 2008 abstracts. We then screened the abstracts’ characteristics for features that were predictive of publication. Authors of abstracts that had not been published were contacted (by e-mail) in order to establish the reason(s) for non-publication. ResultsOf the 231 abstracts presented at SOFMER 2008, 49 (21.2%) had been published. Original studies submitted by French university teams were more likely to be published. Most of the unpublished abstracts had never been submitted to scientific journals. A heavy workload (limiting the time available for drafting a publication) and unwillingness to submit incomplete or preliminary studies were the main barriers to submission for publication. ConclusionSOFMER 2008s abstract publication rate was lower than those of other national or international medical congresses. University status and the performance of original research were predictive of publication.

Who was first to diagnose and report neuropathic arthropathy of the foot and ankle: Jean-Martin Charcot or Herbert William Page?

In November 1883, Jean-Martin Charcot and Charles Féré reported on bone and joint disease of the foot in cases of tabes dorsalis, and referred to the condition as 'pied tabétique'--a disabling neuropathic osteoarthropathy that we usually now refer to as the Charcot foot. Charcot had originally described neuropathic osteoarthropathy in more proximal joints in 1868, and in his 1883 paper with Féré stated that involvement of the short bones and small joints of the foot had not yet been described. They emphasised in the paper that one of their cases was the first ever observed, two years earlier, in 1881. It is relevant, however, that it was in this same year that involvement of the foot by tabetic arthropathy was presented to the International Medical Congress in London by an English surgeon, Herbert William Page. We believe that Page was the first to diagnose and to report a case of tabetic neuropathic osteoarthropathy in which the bones of the foot and ankle were involved. He was also the first to propose a link between the tabetic foot and disease of the peripheral nerves, as opposed to the central nervous system.

Using Journal Review Articles to Increase the Dissemination of Keynote and Symposia Lectures at International Medical Congresses

Using Journal Review Articles to Increase the Dissemination of Keynote and Symposia Lectures at International Medical Congresses