Students Of International Law Research Articles

Stages of teaching law students to draft international legal documents in English based on artificial intelligence tools

Importance. At the present time, the technologies of artificial intelligence are gradually finding their way into a wide variety of different fields of professional activity, including education. Over the past years, there has appeared a great corpus of research in pedagogical and methodical literature dedicated to the didactic and methodological potential of artificial intelligence. This study represents how the use of artificial intelligence technologies can diversify the learning and professional practice of learners, as well as take over some of the routine functions of a teacher. Genie AI, LegalAI, AI Legal Document Generator – these are all new artificial intelligence tools that allow international law students to draft international legal documents according to the characteristics of the legal systems of foreign authorities. At the same time, their linguodidactic potential is insufficiently revealed, which requires the development of a step-by-step methodology for teaching students to draft international legal documents in a foreign language based on these artificial intelligence tools. The aim of the research is to develop a step-by-step methodology for teaching law students to draft international legal documents based on artificial intelligence tools.Materials and Methods. The study is conducted on the basis of an expert approach. The materials are scientific articles considered with pedagogy and teaching foreign language methodology published in Higher Attestation Commission scientific journals and journals indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. Scientific literature analysis, methods of observation, and survey of university professors who deliver profile disciplines to students of the ‘Jurisprudence’ major, are used.Results and Discussion. A step-by-step methodology of teaching law students to draft international legal documents based on Genie AI, LegalAI, AI Legal Document Generator artificial intelligence tools is developed. The methodology consists of the following series of steps: 1) students study the structure of an international legal document taking into account the specificities of the legal systems of the participating countries in a regular class as part of an integrated course;2) students study or repeat an active vocabulary and grammar that are used in the process of drafting an international legal document; 3) explanation of the goals of drafting international legal documents on the basis of Genie AI learning practice, defining it’s stages and period to the students;4) discussion about information security and author ethics and the inadmissibility of unauthorised borrowing of generative AI material; 5) extracurricular independent educational practice on drafting international legal documents by students with the artificial intelligence tool; 6) mutual evaluation and discussion in small groups of students regarding international legal documents drafted with artificial intelligence tools; 7) selective evaluation by the instructor of legal documents drafted by students on the basis of practice with the artificial intelligence tool; 8) students’ reflection on the usefulness of using the artificial intelligence tool for drafting international legal documents.Conclusion. The novelty of the research lies in the development of a step-by-step methodology for teaching law students to draft international legal documents based on Genie AI, LegalAI, AI Legal Document Generator artificial intelligence tools. Prospects for further works are studying the linguodidactic potential of other artificial intelligence tools created for lawyers, and developing methods of teaching language aspects, types of speech activity, and specialised disciplines on their basis.

Meeting International Law Students’ Demands for Their Professional Foreign Language Learning

Introduction. In today’s world, the profession of international lawyer has acquired a new status. This fact inspired the authors of the article to think about the need to analyse the foreign language competencies which international law students should obtain. Aim. The objective of this article is to identify the best time to start the legal foreign language course at international law faculties; the competencies which law students acquire and want to acquire; and an assessment of the significance of the competencies acquired in the course of the legal foreign language training of law students. Materials and methods. This article is a study based on an analysis of Russian and foreign scientists’ related works, and the results obtained during the surveys of 3rd- and 4th-year international law students at MGIMO studying a language. Both comparative and system analysis methods were used. Results. This research reveals the students’ views on the best time to start learning the foreign language, the foreign language competencies acquired and wanted by the students, and their significance for their future careers. Scientific novelty. Identification and analysis of the language competencies necessary for international lawyers’ professional activities, with aim of improving foreign language studies in this context, with the results for the first time based on students’ opinions. Practical significance. The results of the present study can serve as a basis to develop new approaches and methods to improve the training of international law students and to create specialty foreign language training programs for non-linguistic students.

Catering for international law students in a new world

Catering for international law students in a new world

Experiment in creating professionally oriented materials for teaching English to international law students

The study presents results of many years of research and analysis into the process of creating core textbooks and teaching materials aimed at developing linguistic, communicative and professional competences inherent in the future professional activities of International Law students. When creating language learning materials with a focus on a particular profession (e.g. English for Law Students), it is important to proceed from the nature and specific content of day-to-day activities surrounding the future job of a student. Detailed analysis of legal documents and professional activities that International Law students may be involved in in the future allows to gauge the necessary level of English grammar and vocabulary that needs to be attained. The process also points out what specific language and communication skills (e.g. negotiation, persuasion, etc.) as well as professional competencies may be required. Since core textbook for learning English written by native speakers are very generic and, naturally, do not aim at achieving the level of English language, communication and professional skills required by those specializing in International Law, we find it of vital importance to create a series of very niche textbooks for achieving these goals. The present study allows us to determine the structure and content of core textbooks and to create a system of grammar and lexical exercises as well communication tasks aimed at acquiring specific grammar and conversational skills within a short period of time. Of particular mention here too is mastering debating skills, which is paramount for International Law students. This again can only be achieved by creating very narrowly focused materials that will introduce these skills gradually.

Poetic License: Using Documentary Poetry to Teach International Law Students Paraphrase Skills

Poetic License: Using Documentary Poetry to Teach International Law Students Paraphrase Skills

Keeping international law international, a reflection on Anthea Roberts’ “is international law international?”

INTRODUCTION. Occasionally a book appears which has a significant impact on the scholarly community. A fine example of this is the work considered here by the Australian international lawyer, Anthea Roberts. Until very recently, comparative studies on international law were rare. However, as international law further develops and widens, so special attention will need to be paid to ensure that international law students are, to a greater extent, taught the same material and in the same way. As municipal systems of law became more mature, so doctrine and jurisprudence began to diverge. International law has now entered such a phase in its development and, in this excellent book, Dr. Roberts asks a series of very important questions: exactly what is taking place, what are the factors that are driving these processes, is such to be welcomed, is it unstoppable and where do we go from here?MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article reflects on Anthea Roberts’ book “Is International Law International?” (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017). The authors of the article consider the contribution of the monograph to legal science, particularly with its interest in a revived Comparative International Law.RESEARCH RESULTS. The view of the authors of the article is that Anthea Roberts’ book is a work of profound significance, which will, hopefully, inspire additional research in the field of Comparative International Law in years to come.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Comparative International Law is a relatively neglected field in International Law. Without question, the international legal academy (from the elite law schools of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council) emphasises different things both in its scholarly writings and pedagogy. This needs to be given greater attention, even if, at least for now, it cannot be entirely arrested; so that the much-feared fragmentation of international law into not only separate fields and standards, but also in terms of agreeing on its content and application, is minimised.

The Academic School of International Law in Ukraine: Theory and International Legal Activities

The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation and development of academic research in the field of international law at Koretskyi Institute of State and Law. Organizational origins of international law started with the creation of the state and legal sector in the system of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in 1949. Special attention is paid to the role of the outstanding student of international law in the creation of the Institute of State and Law, organization and implementation of legal research, in particular in the field of international law and the formation of the relevant scientific school. The objective development of international law in the second half of the 20th century was conditioned by the necessity of ensuring the international legal activity of Ukraine in the international arena, as one of the founding members of the United Nations. At this stage, the efforts of Koretsky and his associates were directed at the theoretical substantiation of the international legal standing of Ukraine, the study of the problems of the codification of international law, its sources, and the relationship to the internal law of states. The results of fundamental research in the field of international law contributed to the recognition of Ukrainian scholars to international legal science. Koretsky was recognized as one of the world’s leading figures and attracted by the international community to practical international legal activities in specialized United Nations bodies. He entered history as one of the founders of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In the 1950s and 1960s, the development of Ukrainian international law was characterized by the active formation of its scientific school, the most prominent representatives of which were M. Mikhailovsky, N. Ulyanov, V. Sapozhnikov, etc. Their research has laid the foundation of the modern school of international law. The article analyzes their main works and theoretical positions that have become the patrimony of international legal science. During the 1970s and 1980s, the development of international legal science in Ukraine were characterized by the growth of its scientific potential, personnel growth of the school, expansion of the range of research. Since 1984, the position of Head of the Department of International Law and Comparative Law of the Institute has been held by V. Denisov, who ensured the organizational and methodological framework for studying relevant problems of international law. With the proclamation of Ukraine’s independence, the main tasks of the national science of international law are aimed at studying the problems of the implementation of the sovereignty of Ukraine. Over the past three decades, the results of research by scientists of international lawyers of the Institute have become dozens of individual and collective monographs that identified the main trends in the development of science of international law at the present stage. Today, the scientific school of international law is represented by such doctors of law as V. Denysov, V. Akulenko, O. Kresin and candidates of jurisprudence O. Didkivska, O. Pereverzeva, I. Protsenko, K. Savchuk, A. Smolii, M. Surzhinskyi, L. Falaleyev. A special attention in the article is devoted to the analysis of organizational and scientific activities of the directors of Koretskyi Institute, namely academicians B. Babiy and Yu. Shemshuchenko. Keywords: international law, school of international law, Institute of State and Law, scientific researches, international legal activity, stages of development of the school of international law.

Does Exposure to Preparatory Work Affect Treaty Interpretation? An Experimental Study on International Law Students and Experts

Ample research has demonstrated that exposure to inadmissible evidence affects decision-making in criminal and civil cases. However, the difficulty of ignoring information in the context of legal interpretation has not been examined yet. Our study addresses the possible effects that exposure to preparatory work has on the interpretation of treaties. In the present article, we examine the ability of students enrolled in international law courses and of international law experts to ignore preparatory work when they are not allowed to use it. We found that exposure to preparatory work affected the students’ interpretation of treaties, while no such effect was found among the experts. These results reaffirm the practical relevance of the debate over the hierarchy between the rules of treaty interpretation. In particular, our study demonstrates that preparatory work can play a significant role in decision-making, depending on the legal rule that applies to the use of such materials. More generally, our study suggests that legal interpretation by students and experts is qualitatively different, and that international law experts might be better able than non-experts to discount irrelevant information in the process of treaty interpretation.

Intercultural Communication and Diplomacy as Tools of Maintaining Peace and Security

The Article 2 (3) of the United Nations Charter states all members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered. Both intercultural communication and diplomacy skills cover the various processes required for stopping or preventing overt conflicts, and aiding the parties involved to reach peaceful settlement of their differences. Intercultural communication and Diplomacy, as defined in this paper, may be important and powerful tools in resolving any conflict, being closely associated with the notion of identity. Despite the importance of person's individual identity, culture is commonly regarded as a group phenomenon. Culture itself is an element in determining the outcome of the conflict management process, depending on the degree of cultural diversity among the parties that are involved. Stress is placed in this study on the deeper aspects of culture, values, beliefs, communication style, which influence perceptions, assumptions, attitudes, and eventually behavior and policies. This paper discusses certain aspects of maintaining peace and security in the global community through intercultural communication and diplomacy and the work of international law students as future diplomats in this field.

Analysing hedging in legal discourse using small-scale and large-scale corpora

Post-graduate law students are expected to handle a variety of legal and academic written genres. In these genres, meaning can be nuanced through a variety of means, including hedging. However, international law students often find decoding instances of hedging challenging, with interpretation of the writer’s true meaning suffering as a result. The aim of this paper is to compare hedging in two written legal genres which are frequently used by post-graduate law students to underpin their own academic essays: Law review articles and Supreme Court decisions. To that end, two analyses were undertaken. The first was qualitative in nature and involved the identification of hedges in a small corpus of just under 50,000 words based on introspection and intuition as per Salager-Meyer (2000). The second analysis served to verify conclusions drawn by using WordSmith Tools 6.0 (Scott 2013) and a much larger corpus of nearly eight million words. Correlation was found between the results of the two analyses, indicating that qualitative results could be extrapolated to larger samples to some degree.

Two Ways of Knowing International Law

In looking for a textbook to use for educational purposes, the teacher in international law has a number of excellent alternatives to choose from. This review essay looks at two recent contributions: Jan Klabbers' "International Law", published by Cambridge University Press in 2013, and the eighth edition of Ian Brownlie´s "Principles of Public International Law" from 2012 written by James Crawford, from the perspective of teachers and students of international law.

Jeffrey L. Dunoff and Mark A. Pollack (eds). Interdisciplinary Perspectives on International Law and International Relations: The State of the Art

While international law and political science disciplines were quite distant from one another for most of the past century, they have come closer to rediscovering each other numerous times during the last two decades. The growing intersection between the two has been scrutinized, analysed, and promoted by many international law and international relations pioneers. The present collection brings together the leading scholars writing at the crossroads between the two disciplines to consider and reflect on the current state of interdisciplinary international law and international relations The result is a book of high calibre that is not only essential, but also very delightful and enriching reading for scholars and students of international law and international relations. The volume under review can be understood as a continuation of the dialogue between international law and international relations scholars that was first prompted by Kenneth Abbott's canonical manifesto in 1989, and later convincingly reiterated by Anne-Marie Slaughter and Robert Keohane in the 1990s.1 These prominent interdisciplinary pioneers argued that international lawyers and political scientists were not communicating enough across their professional divide, and suggested various frameworks for collaboration. This new collection of powerful essays edited by Pollack and Dunoff demonstrates how innovative and insightful those pioneering proposals were: overcoming the international law (IR) and international relations (IR) divide was indeed a very fruitful exercise, which led to the birth of what the authors in the present volume call the scholarship. The volume demonstrates that IL/IR scholarship has overcome the disciplinary divide and developed into a unified sub-discipline, where both lawyers and IR scholars adopt the same conceptual approaches, employ the same tools, use common references, and deploy similar language. The division between the two intellectual traditions has disappeared and become invisible in the (no longer so) new IL/IR cross-discipline.

A Corpus-based Study of Conjunction Devices in English International Law Texts and its Farsi Translation

Cohesion as an indispensable linguistic feature in discourse analysis and translation has aroused many researchers’ interest. To explore the regularity in shifting conjunction devices from English into Farsi our study was designed to analyze the similarities and differences of cohesive device of conjunction between English International Law texts (ELTs) and their Farsi translation texts (FTTs). Based on cohesion theory proposed by Halliday and Hasan (1976), our study was designed to analyze and compare cohesive devices in four English international law textbooks and their Farsi translations. A parallel corpus consisting of 40 ELTs and 40 FTTs was established. All the identified cohesive devices in the sample texts were categorized and the occurrence frequencies of cohesive devices were counted manually, recorded and compared. The results revealed that both ELTs and FTTS share more similarities than differences in the use of cohesive device of conjunction because of the informative function and stylistic features of law texts. The majority of cohesive devices are maintained in Farsi translation for precision, clarity and logicality. Our study will not only help international law students and law workers but also shed light on teaching and research of cohesive devices in English - Farsi translation.

Remarks by Angela Ciccolo

I would like to congratulate the International Law Students Association for hosting this panel to discuss issues that arise in the new age of globalized sports, and to thank the other panelists for their informative presentations. We share a common perspective--that the value of sport to society is unlimited in that it inspires us and brings us together on a level playing field. The organization I represent, Special Olympics, is an international NGO representing nearly 4 million athletes in 170 countries. I have several booklets if you are interested in seeing what we do. We face many of the same legal challenges as other organizations. We operate under a protocol with the International Olympic Committee. Our World Games events face many of the hurdles that may be discussed today regarding the use of images and intellectual property rights, and commercial issues involving event sponsorship. We struggle with anti-doping issues, particularly as many of our athlete population use medication for therapeutic purposes. My focus today, however, will perhaps be different from the other panelists, in that the issue I will address is how sports can play a role in advancing certain rights addressed in international instruments such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), which is designed to promote human dignity and foster nondiscriminatory, inclusive societies. My organization, Special Olympics, strives to create a better world by fostering acceptance and inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities. When viewed through the lens of disability rights, sports becomes an avenue for social justice and the simple joy that recreation and interaction with other people can bring. You have and will hear me today using the term What is it? Disability is any physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activity. The term is used to refer to attributes that are severe enough to interfere with or prevent normal day-to-day activities. This would include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments which may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others. Disability is a universal condition crossing all socioeconomic boundaries, races, religions, and creeds. The World Bank reports that 600 million people, or 10% of the world's population, have a disability. Up to 80% of these people live in developing nations. Disability is a cause and consequence of poverty, In developing countries, 98% of disabled children live in poverty and do not receive an education. These rates are even higher for girls. In much of the world, stigma, discrimination, and exclusion from employment and from society are the consequences of the negative assumptions about persons with disabilities. Perhaps you have never considered the role of sports in promoting inclusion, and in eradicating poverty, but this concept, and legal instruments such as the CRPD, can bring fundamental change to the way in which governments--and ultimately communities and families--view and treat people with intellectual and physical disabilities. The best way for me to illustrate at the micro level how sport can be used to address the rights of persons with disabilities--and be used as a tool for eradicating stigma, bringing together communities and liberating the human spirit--is to introduce you to Aaron. Here is a picture of Aaron. I'd like you to pass it around. As you can see from the photo, Aaron is tethered to his home by a rope. His parents used this method to restrict his movements for seven years at the time of this photo was taken, and they did this because he was born with intellectual disabilities. Aaron comes from Mangulu village in Traditional Authority (T/A) Kalumo in the Ntchisi district of Malawi in Africa. Aaron was born into a family of five children; he is the first-born and the only child with an intellectual disability in his family. …

International Law: Overview

This Paper will on the basic of International Law a basic reference on the Student of International Law and Political Science students. The Paper contain a brief information on the International Law system and will help also the Development sector professional who are working in International law sector.

The conduct of hostilities under the law of international armed conflict

This is the seminal textbook on the law of international armed conflict, written by a leading commentator on the subject. The second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, taking into account new developments in combat, numerous recent judicial cases (especially decisions rendered by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia), as well as topical studies and instruments. The text clarifies complex issues, offering solutions to practical combat dilemmas that have emerged in present-day battlefield situations. Several current (and controversial) subjects are examined in depth, including direct participation in hostilities, human shields, and air and missile warfare. Useful definitions and explanations have been added, making intricate problems easier to comprehend. The book is designed not only for students of international law, but also as a tool for the instruction of military officers.

THE TELDERS INTERNATIONAL LAW MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 1977–2010

The first Telders Competition was organized in 1977 on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of the Telders International Law Students Debating Society. Due to its success the Competition has been held annually ever since at the Peace Palace in The Hague. Nowadays it is considered to be the most prestigious and important international moot court in Europe. Teams from over forty European universities compete in national rounds, with the successful teams participating in the international rounds held in April in The Hague.

THE TELDERS INTERNATIONAL LAW MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 1977–2009

The first Telders Competition was organized in 1977 on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of the founding of the Telders International Law Students Debating Society. Due to its success the Competition has been held annually ever since at the Peace Palace in The Hague. Nowadays it is considered to be the most prestigious and important international moot court in Europe. Teams from over forty European universities compete in national rounds, with the successful teams participating in the international rounds held in April in The Hague.

The Limits of International Law by Jack L Goldsmith and Eric A Posner

The Limits of International Law by Jack L Goldsmith and Eric A Posner. Published by Oxford University Press (2005, 226 pp). Occasionally a book appears that not only informs , but questions . It is not a frequent event, which makes it all that memorable. The Limits of International Law is an interesting contribution to International Law. No doubt, some will characterise it as ‘iconoclastic’. They should not. A better adjective is avant-garde . The reason: it touches upon a neuralgic subject of international law – its leitmotif ; and it does so from an innovating angle: game theory. The thesis it advances may (at first impression) seem unattractive, even stale: International Law is observed, not because of a sense of obligation , but in furtherance of self-interest . According to the authors, International Law is a product of states’ rational conduct aimed at maximising their interests, given perceptions of other states’ interests and the distribution of power. In other words, it is strategic. Their goal is to integrate state interests with simple rational choice models so as to offer a theory of the roots of International Law. Two methodological ingredients are important, which are frequently neglected or discounted by scholars: power and state interests. Normative lessons are derived. Ab initio , this will not surprise. It is not the first time International Law students have been confronted with the notion. The realist school of international relations has so argued for decades.1 But its micro-economic angle is refreshing. The authors’ profile is noteworthy. Jack Goldsmith is a recognised expert in International Law, and Eric Posner is a synonym of (acute) economic analysis of law. Their blend is a success, for it produces an essay which is just delicious. The book is divided into three parts, preceded by a (useful) chapter that sketches basic game theoretical scenarios. The step is convenient for it makes it palatable not only to the connoisseur, …

Politics and the International Criminal Court

Politicizing the International Criminal Court: The Convergence of Politics, Ethics, and Law. By Steven C. Roach. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2006. 240 pp., $82.50 cloth (ISBN: 0-7425-4103-7), $28.95 paper (ISBN: 0-7425-4104-5). In Politicizing the International Criminal Court , Steven Roach has written a compact monograph that focuses on some of the more political dimensions of the Court. Roach relies upon the drafting history of the Rome Statute and some of the important secondary literature. However, he does not draw upon the recent judicial pronouncements that have begun to emerge as the Court tackles the situations in Darfur, northern Uganda, and Congo. There is much law in Politicizing the International Criminal Court , but, in a disciplinary sense, the book seems to straddle international criminal law and international relations. Politicizing the International Criminal Court is divided into three parts. Part I considers the history and legal structure of the institution. It is probably the least effective section of the book, and it will certainly frustrate students of international law because of its imprecise formulations. Most of the material in this section has been well developed elsewhere in the literature (see, for example, Cassese, Gaeta, and Jones 2002; Broomhall 2003; Schabas 2007), and Roach's observations do not add much, if anything. Perhaps the inclusion of this section is justified as background for the subsequent material. In Part …