International Islamic University Malaysia Research Articles

Prevalence of internet addiction among medical and non-medical students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan

Internet addiction has become a serious problem with the increasing internet use, especially among college students and adolescents. Most of the available literature on internet addiction among college students was mainly related to medical students and showed a disturbing prevalence, however, this is not widely studied among non-medical students. This study describes the prevalence and factors associated with internet addiction among medical and non-medical students at International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan. A total of 107 medical and 104 non-medical students of IIUM Kuantan participated in this cross-sectional study conducted from July 15, 2019, to August 25, 2019, using random sampling. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was distributed through social media platform. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the prevalence and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, while binary logistic regression was used to identify respondents’ factors associated with internet addiction. The results showed that 67.3% of medical students and 65.4% of non-medical students were moderately addicted to the Internet. The significant predictors of internet addiction in medical students are age (OR 0.235 95% CI 0.068-0.812) and duration of internet use of 4-6 hours (OR 0.235 95% CI 0.068-0.812). Among non-medical students, the significant predictors were social networking (OR 0.137 95% CI 0.003-0.636), Internet TV (OR 3.574 95% CI 1.057-12.08), and time spent on the Internet from 4-6 hours (OR 0.247 95% CI 0.06-0.91). The prevalence of internet addiction among medical and non-medical students at IIUM Kuantan is of concern. Early identification based on these findings for each medical and non-medical faculty can be tailored to ensure successful intervention.

Knowledge and attitude on bruxism among International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) students

Bruxism is an oral habit of clenching and grinding teeth. In 2014, the prevalence of bruxism among youth has been increased to 51.2% which is higher than previous studies. Effects of bruxism can affect the quality of life. Hence, this study aimed to examine the level of knowledge and attitude among IIUM Kuantan students by developing a questionnaire as a research tool in this study, identifying the level of knowledge and attitude, determining the sociodemographic characteristics that contribute to the level of knowledge and attitude, and determining the correlation between the knowledge and attitude on bruxism. The domains such as type, symptom, risk factor, effect, prevention, and treatment on bruxism was assessed in the questionnaire. Data from 129 respondents was collected through Google form by using convenience sampling. As the result, the development of questionnaire as the research tool was completed by literature review, and pilot study (?=0.844). Both of knowledge and attitude on bruxism were poor. Significant differences were detected using Kruskal Wallis test in term of knowledge between respondents’ age (p=0.008), faculty (p=0.009), and level of study (p=0.024). Similarly sociodemographic characteristics which were age (p=0.001), kulliyyah (p<0.001), and level of study (p=0.002) detected significant differences in term of attitude on bruxism. A fair positive correlation was determined by Spearman coefficient between knowledge and attitude on bruxism among the respondents (r=0.461, p<0.001). In conclusion, it is recommended for the healthcare authorities conducting an educational program to increase the level of knowledge and attitude on bruxism among the population.

Integrating ‘Sejahtera’: A Holistic Approach at Agoda

The case describes a practical approach adopted by a young Customer Service Specialist, Amalina Basir at Agoda, one of the world’s fastest growing online travel agencies. With a humble start in 2018 as a frontliner who managed calls, emails, and expectations between customers and their bookings, Amalina developed her career at Agoda. In 2021, Amalina was promoted as a Knowledge Management Specialist. Amalina often faced a compelling dilemma to find balance between giving the best services to the customers and maintaining the company’s best practices. Guided by an indigenous Malay concept of ‘sejahtera’, Amalina navigated her budding journey at Agoda in a holistic and balanced manner. Amalina’s ‘sejahtera’ principle was enhanced when she enrolled in an elective course on ‘Sejahtera Leadership’ during her studies in part-time Master of Business Administration (MBA) at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Sejahtera Leadership taught Amalina to give a holistic view on the ten interconnected elements (i.e., SPICES) and find balance between the elements towards achieving a ‘sejahtera’ state and sustainable services in online travelling business.

The Impact of The Fourth Industrial Revolution on IIUM Student’s Motivation in Learning Islamic Education

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has impacted several fields, including education. Along with the rapid development of technology, the education sector is also progressing to encourage this development. Students need to stay motivated in learning Islamic education subjects and make good use of all the technology presented by the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This study aimed to describe the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on students’ motivation in learning Islamic Education in Malaysia, especially among students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). This study used a survey approach. The survey is in the form of a questionnaire in google form to make it easily accessed by students. The sample for this research consisted of 51 International Islamic University of Malaysia students with a random sampling technique. The researcher analyzed the data in-depth and concluded the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the motivation of IIUM students in learning Islamic Education. The result of this study is that phenomenon of Islamic education in the Industrial Revolution cannot be separated from gadgets and smartphones. Over half of the respondents, with a percentage of 71%, strongly said that students are very enthusiastic about using smartphones to learn through digital resources because it is easy for them to access information so that they can learn a lot about Islamic Education through smartphones or the internet. Thus, it can increase their motivation to learn Islamic Education. Furthermore, the Fourth Industrial Revolution has had a positive impact on IIUM Student’s Motivation in learning Islamic Education.

PRICE MODERATION ON UNIVERSITIES’ REPUTATIONS AFFECTS STUDENTS’ INTENTION TO CHOOSE THE UNIVERSITIES

The research that compared the impact of brand equity and service quality on universities’ reputations of State Islamic University (SIU) and International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), which affected Indonesian students’ intention to choose the universities, was conducted last year. This research aims to measure the moderation of price (study expense) on the effect of reputation on the intention to choose these two universities. The research samples were 128 Indonesian students from SIU and 128 from IIUM. The statistical tool used was Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed support for the hypotheses. Students’ intention to choose IIUM was higher than SIU due to IIUM’s higher reputation. The results showed that brand equity and service quality, as last year’s result affected reputation, and reputation still strongly affects the intention of students to choose the universities. Since the reputation of IIUM is higher than that of SIU, the intention to choose IIUM is also higher. Learning costs moderate the impact of reputation on intent. This research is the first one that compares students’ intentions to study in Indonesia or Malaysia based on their university reputation, where brand equity and service quality affect reputation. Most studies on this issue measured students’ satisfaction or loyalty. The limitation of this study is that it was online. The findings are expected to be useful for both universities in determining their strategies to enhance the reputation and intention of Indonesian students to study there. Keywords: Brand Equity, Price, Service Quality, Students’ Intention, University’s Reputation DOI： https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.58.1.8

ISLAMIZATION OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE (IOHK) MEDIATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISLAMIC SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE (ISI) AND LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES OF STUDENT LEADERS (LCSL)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether mediation of Islamization of Human Knowledge (IOHK) existed between the relationships of, Islamic Spiritual Intelligence (ISI), and leadership Competencies of Student Leaders (LCSL). Three hundred and seventy-two (N=372) students of IIUM were stratified and randomly selected from the population of student leaders. A full-fledged structural equation modeling was employed to validate the proposed model. The findings revealed that there was a significant positive effect of Islamic Spiritual Intelligence (ISI) on the Leadership Competencies of Student Leaders (LCSL) through the Islamization of Human Knowledge (IOHK) as a mediator. Besides, IOHK completely mediates through ISI and LCSL. This study could be useful in developing young minds to become ethical leaders and enhance the Islamization process at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM).

International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering 2022 (CENVIRON2022) Special Issue on Sustainable Environment & Communities August 29-30, 2022 · Penang, Malaysia

Editors Ayu Wazira Azhari, Naimah Ibrahim, Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan, Razi Ahmad, Norazian Mohamed Noor, Ho Li Ngee, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Ilya Joohari, Shamilah Anudai & Zulkarnain Hassan. Organiser Center of Excellence, Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth (WAREG), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, MalaysiaFaculty of Civil Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, MalaysiaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China Preface The International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering 2022 (CENVIRON2022) - Special Issue on Sustainable Environment & Communities took place on 29 – 30 August 2022 at Penang, Malaysia. The conference was jointly organized by the Center of Excellence, Water Research and Environmental Sustainability Growth (WAREG), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, the Faculty of Civil Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China.This conference brought together researchers, practitioners, engineers and students worldwide in hope to extend networking, integrate knowledge and exchange ideas among participants. This year, the theme “Towards safe, resilient and sustainable cities for humankind” takes an in-depth look at cutting edge research and development that address major topics in various environmental sustainability-related research. Over 70 distinguish researchers, practitioners, engineers and students from across the country have presented their current and intriguing research in the scope of civil and environmental engineering and technology, which evolved around six major areas: water protection, water resources and hydrology, technologies for water management, energy and water, air and noise and sustainable materials.The conference has gained tremendous success due to collective efforts from the organizing committees, the co-organizers, the reviewers, presenters, and all participants. Special acknowledgment goes to the keynote speakers who assent our invitation and successfully delivered interesting talks to catch all the participants’ attention. The keynote speeches were delivered by Professor Dr. Kun Guo from the School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University China with the topic “Microbial electrochemical technology for energy and resource recovery from wastewater” and Professor Ar. Dr. Abdul Razak Sapian from the Kullliyyah of Architecture and Environmental Design, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia with the topic “Madani Built Environment”We would like to thank all the reviewers involved in ensuring each contributed paper were refereed and accepted based on interests, relevance, innovation and pure contribution towards the civil and environmental engineering and technology fields. Acknowledgement and gratitude also goes to Astasoft Sdn. Bhd. and Mega Jati Academy for sponsoring this conference. Finally special thanks goes to the Universiti Malaysia Perlis for the continuous support throughout the conference event. Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin Chairman,International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering 2022 (CENVIRON2022)Special Issue on Sustainable Environment & CommunitiesList of Committee is available in this pdf.

Tawakkul in the Qur'an as Coping Mechanism for IIUM Student Mastery in Coping with the Covid-19 Challenges

It is a known fact that Covid-19 has affected all academic activities including at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). There were many implications on students’ lives in terms of their academic affairs, mental health, finance, etc. In such a situation, tawakkul as coping mechanism plays a significant part, as it can define one’s capability in coping not only with the challenges due to Covid-19, but also with some tests from Allāh. This study analysed the perception of Hamka on Qur´ānic verses related to tawakkul. It also looked at how IIUM students dealt with challenges brought on by Covid-19. This study employed a qualitative research method in collecting data through semi-structured interviews and analysing them. The findings showed that tawakkul as coping mechanism according to Hamka refers to having strong imān in order to be able to overcome painful or difficult emotions. When tawakkul is considered as a coping mechanism, it appeared that it has a very considerable overlap and can be applied for the purpose of assisting one to live a better life. This is due to the fact that practising tawakkul as coping mechanisms will assist one in overcoming painful or difficult emotions. The findings also revealed that all of respondents believed that tawakkul was immensely helpful in coping with the challenges they faced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Report on the first International Conference on Islamic Spiritual Care: Conceptualising Spiritual Care Between Traditional Guidance and Modern Practices

International Conference on Islamic Spiritual Care (INSPIRE) 2021 was organised by the Department of Qurʾan and Sunnah Studies at the International Islamic University Malaysia in collaboration with the Islamic University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam.

APPRAISAL OF COST-EFFECTIVE APPROACHES FOR THE PUSU RIVER REHABILITATION

The Pusu River and its tributaries that flow through the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Gombak campus have been suffering from river pollution for years. Hence, one of the efforts that can be made to address this issue is the rehabilitation of polluted rivers. Since the cost of treating the polluted rivers is high, proper measures to rehabilitate the Pusu River are important. Consequently, a study was conducted to identify and propose suitable approaches to rehabilitate the Pusu River, IIUM Gombak. The present study also focuses on the costs associated with rehabilitation work. The primary data for the study was collected using one round of Delphi questionnaires. The outcome of the Delphi study shows that the major sources of pollution in the Pusu River are sand mining, earthwork, land clearing activities for land development, stormwater runoff, waste dumping, and leakage from the wastewater treatment plant. Furthermore, the top three cost-effective methods to be proposed for the rehabilitation of the Pusu River, IIUM Gombak, have been established. The methods include aquatic plant use, a gentle approach to riverbank protection, and sediment dredging. Overall, the outcome of this study contributes to the development of river management strategies to control the pollution issue in the Pusu River. Academically, this study adds to the current body of knowledge in the context of river management, specifically for the Pusu River, IIUM Gombak.

Undergraduate Political Science Curriculum of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

Uplifting human moral values, social commitment and integrated personality is the core aim of education in addition to prepare graduates with professional skills and disciplinary knowledge. On that focus, the study developed the Integrated Political Science Curriculum Framework (IPSC) followed by mainly three approaches of educational research: philosophical, historical, and curriculum criticism. The IPSC model accommodated the courses on core disciplinary and faculty required courses, revealed knowledge, and generic skills. The proposed model was in response to growing scholastic debate on educational dualism and crisis of western education, devoid of moral and religious essence. The study mainly adopts library research and document analysis: previous curriculum models and university education frameworks, official documents, etc. In this article, the successful application of IPSC in the IIUM political science curriculum is rightly exemplified and indicates the relevancy of this in the multicultural society like Malaysia, Indonesia and Bangladesh.

An Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Video Gaming and the Relationship with Depression among University Students

Introduction: Video games which are electronic games played on a video screen, has the potential to be one of the leading causes of depression among youth. Since there are only few studies on the issue, this study identified the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on the effects of video gaming on depression among International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) students and the correlation between them. Methods: A self-developed questionnaire, with four sections on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practice on depression and video games, was used to do a cross-sectional survey among 140 IIUM students. The level of KAP was evaluated using a descriptive frequency table. Pearson correlation test was used to determine the correlation. Results: The majority of the respondents had moderate level of knowledge (56.4%) and attitude (57.1%). For practice scores, the majority portrayed a poor level of it (73.6%). Only knowledge and attitude scores showed positive correlation (r = 0.440). Conclusion: This study showed that increasing knowledge on factors of excessive video gaming habits and factors that increases the risk for development of depression can be helpful in tackling the rising rate of depression among the youth in Malaysia.

Hydration Status of University Students in the Fasting Month of Ramadan

Introduction: Islamic fasting is widely advocated for its health benefits around the world. According to the Holy Quran, it is prescribed by The Almighty Allah (God) for the Muslim to fast in the holy month of Ramadan of the Islamic Calendar every year. Aim: This study aimed to assess the hydration status of the students who were performing their fasting during the holy month of Ramadan. Methods: Thirty male and female students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) Kuantan Campus volunteered to participate in this study. All study participants were of healthy and normal body mass index (BMI) according to the WHO classification. Their hydration status was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance (BIA) instrument. This was done before, during, and after fasting, on specific adjusted time post meal. The collected data were compiled and statistically analysed. Results: The results indicated that the total body water (TBW) was increased without affecting the balance of intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW) of the fasting study participants. Conclusion: This study indicates that Islamic fasting does not cause a reduction in TBW in fasting individuals. The TBW is maintained due to the burning of body fat.

Association Between Social Media Use and Depression Among Students of International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan

Introduction: Depression is a vital issue to be concerned about because it is anticipated to be one of the major health issues confronting Malaysia in the coming years. Social media has emerged as one of the main contributors to depression due to the increased use of technology in modern society. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between social media use and depression among IIUM students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 227 students of IIUM Kuantan from three Kulliyyahs; Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences (KAHS), Science (KOS) and Dentistry (KOD). Convenience sampling was applied and self-administered questionnaires were distributed. Data was analysed using Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences (SPSS), where descriptive frequency table, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Correlation test were applied. Results: This study indicated that the level of social media-related depression among students in selected kulliyyah in IIUM Kuantan was low (n=61, 26.9%). Body image dissatisfaction, online harassment, sleep disturbance and high self-esteem were significantly associated with low depression. Socio-demographic factors, which are the types of kulliyyah and working part-time, were significantly associated with depression, with a p-value of 0.002 and 0.012, respectively. Conclusion: Social media use and depression were associated considerably, involving body image, online harassment, sleep, and self-esteem. A guideline and education for better and safe use of social media in our country should be proposed as part of preventive action in future.

Impact of brand equity and service quality on the reputation of universities and students’ intention to choose them: The case of IIUM and UIN

Background:Numerous studies have been carried out on the impacts of brand equity and service quality of higher education institutions (HEIs) on their reputation and students’ satisfaction. This research aimed to compare the impact of brand equity and service quality on universities’ reputations, namely Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) in Indonesia and International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in Malaysia, and Indonesian students’ intention to choose the universities, which is moderated by study expense (price). UIN and IIUM are HEIs with a similar university concept, and Indonesian students have recently shown a high interest in them. The two universities have faculties not only in the field of Islamic studies but in general fields of studies as well, which are usually held by non-Islamic Universities. Therefore, their competitiveness against non-Islamic universities, especially the University of Indonesia (UI) has increased.Methods:The statistical measurement tool used was structural equation modeling (SEM). The number of items stated in the questionnaire was 45. Therefore, minimum data to be collected were 5 × 45 or 225 which rounded up to 228 from Indonesian students at UIN and IIUM (114 UIN students, and 114 Indonesian student respondents from IIUM).Results:The study results show that the universities’ reputations are strongly affected by their brand equity and service quality, which then affect students’ intention to choose the universities. Students had a higher intention to choose IIUM than UIN. The limitation of this research is that the effect of study expense on the intention of Indonesian students to study at UIN or IIUM has not yet been conducted. It will be conducted in the next study.Conclusions:These results are expected to be useful to UIN, IIUM, and especially Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ) in determining a strategy to enhance their reputations and the intention of Indonesian students to study there.

Factors Affecting the Use of UniRide Bicycle-Sharing in a University Setting

Bicycle-sharing has become one of the most popular transportation modes especially for short-distance travel and supports sustainable transportation. This concept is relatively new in Malaysia and cycling culture is not widely spread among the community. This has provided growing difficulties and challenges to the use of bicycle-sharing service especially in the university campuses. The increasing use of motorized vehicles and decreasing use of bicycles has not only affected bicycle-sharing services but also the environment of the campus. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the significant factors affecting the use of UniRide bicycle-sharing and the existing level of use of bicycle-sharing in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak Campus. The data required for this study were collected by using an online questionnaire survey targeting the students who live on-campus. The collected data were analysed by using both univariate and bivariate analysis methods. The results of the analysis show that most of the respondents felt that convenience and bicycle infrastructure are the main factors that affect the use of UniRide bicycle-sharing in IIUM. Most of the respondents also stated that riding bicycles on a dedicated and exclusive bicycle lane would enhance the safety of the bicycle users. Few recommendations to improve the existing UniRide bicycle-sharing service on-campus were formulated.

Influence of Physical Activity on Mental Health Among Undergraduate Students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus After Movement Control Order Period.

Introduction: Declaration of movement control order (MCO) during pandemic of COVID-19 has inflicted challenges in maintaining mental health of world population, including university students. Being inactive is among the reasons for mental disturbance among university students during the MCO period. Physically active has been demonstrated as a coping mechanism to improve mental health. The lifting of MCO supposed to recover the mental health status among the university students as they can return to have an active life. However, the status of mental health and level of physical activity among university students after the MCO period is not well reported.
 Objective: This study aimed to identify the mental health status and level of physical activity among undergraduate students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus and the association between these parameters.
 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 243 undergraduate students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus who were recruited using stratified random sampling. The questionnaires used to collect data consisted of three parts which were socio-demographical data, DASS-21 questionnaire and IPAQ-SF questionnaire. The data on socio-demographical characteristics were presented in frequency and percentage. The mental health status and level of physical activity were identified by determining the mean score of each parameter. The association between parameters were analysed using Chi-square test.
 Results: The study found that most respondents have normal level of depression (55.1%), anxiety (42.8%) and stress (65.4%). Most respondents also practiced vigorous physical activity (47.3%). However, no significant association were found between depression, anxiety, stress and physical activity that may be due to inadequate sample size.
 Conclusion: The study found that mental health status among undergraduate students in International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus after MCO period was at normal level and living in active lifestyle, though no significant association were found between these parameters.

Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor of Colorectal Cancer among International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Students

Studies have shown that there is a strong association between diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer. The risk of colorectal cancer is reported to be increased by 19% for people with diabetes mellitus. However, the knowledge and awareness regarding diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for colorectal cancer in the local community in Pahang was yet to be determined. Therefore, to start with, this study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for colorectal cancer among IIUM Kuantan students, the sociodemographic characteristics contributing to the levels and the correlation of the level of knowledge and awareness. A total of 127 IIUM Kuantan students participated in this cross-sectional study by responding to a self-administered questionnaire that has been developed using the available literature on the association of diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer. The questionnaire was first validated (I-CVI=1.00), and pilot study was also conducted to evaluate the reliability of the knowledge (α=0.788) and awareness (α=0.795) items using Cronbach’s alpha value. Then, data was collected throughout April 2022 by distributing the questionnaire through an online platform among the targeted participants. The results are analyzed with non-parametric tests: Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test using the SPSS. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 at a 95% confidence level. This study revealed a poor level of knowledge (n=82, 64.6%) and awareness (n=72, 56,7%) of diabetes mellitus as a risk factor of colorectal cancer among the IIUM Kuantan students. There was a moderate positive correlation between the level of knowledge and awareness of IIUM Kuantan students on diabetes mellitus as a risk factor of colorectal cancer (r=0.608, p<0.001). These levels of knowledge and awareness, however, were not significantly associated with any sociodemographic variables. Therefore, this study proves that there is a need to improve the knowledge and awareness of the IIUM Kuantan students. Hence, the university could take action by organizing programs to spread the knowledge on this issue to the students, in order to enhance their awareness of the risk of colorectal cancer by diabetes mellitus.

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 11 No. 4

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (EMSD) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from August 1, 2022, to November 1, 2022. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether EMSD publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Dilek Kaya-Akyüzlü, Ankara University, TurkeyFarhaoui Mohamed, National Office of Electricity and Drinking Water, MoroccoGandhi Escajadillo Toledo, The National Technological University of South Lima, PeruHayssam Mohamed Ali, King Saud University, EgyptJoão Fernando Pereira Gomes, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, PortugueseManuel Mendoza-Carranza, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), MexicoMohammad Aghababaei, Washington State University, USASyakir Amir Ab. Rahman, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaTaina da Silva Rocha Paz, Federal Fluminense University, Brazil

Burnout among Clinical and Non-clinical Academics during the Implementation of Remote Teaching and Learning due to COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The extent of burnout among clinical and non-clinical academics during the COVID-19 pandemic is not well gauged and necessitates further attention. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of burnout among academics in the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan campus, and the associated sociodemographic and occupational-related factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between March and May 2021 using questionnaires adapted from Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and General Stressor Questionnaire at the IIUM, Kuantan campus. Results: 57 clinical and 93 non-clinical academics responded to the survey. The prevalence of significant burnout was 49%. Compared to non-clinical academics, clinical academics had a significantly higher proportion of burnout with a p-value of <0.001, particularly in work-related, student-related, and superior-related burnout domains, with a p-value of 0.004, <0.001, and 0.006, respectively. Factors significantly associated with burnout among our cohort were clinical work, chronic illness, and gender, each with an odds ratio of 2.72 (95% CI = 1.01,7.34), 2.81 (95% CI = 1.14, 6.92), and 4.86 (95% CI = 2.15, 10.9). Conclusion: Burnout was highly prevalent among academics in the IIUM Kuantan campus, particularly among clinical academics during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of remote teaching and learning policy.