International Industrial Cooperation Research Articles

MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF THEIR USE BY THE ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

In a turbulent economic macro-environment, to ensure sustainable development of the state and its regions, classical commodity exchange operations are being reformatted both through changing basic partners, changing the geography of markets and product lines, and through intensifying the launch of new multinational production projects that make it possible to compensate for the loss of part of foreign supplies in the format of import substitution , generate innovative solutions based on synergy that become domestic intellectual property. The Republic of Tatarstan is one of the supporting regions of the Russian Federation, a leader in many macroeconomic indicators, investment attractiveness and quality of life. Its developments in the field of international relations and trade are analyzed from the standpoint of efficiency, features of the work of infrastructure elements, such as special economic zones, foreign representative offices, business missions, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the Investment Development Agency, and the Export Support Center. Conclusions are drawn about the intensification of all types of cooperation with the People's Republic of China, countries of the Muslim world and with various countries of the EAEU and the CIS, indicating the determining role of the economic structure of all partners, including the presence of preferential regimes of interaction. If increasing global trade turnover is clearly a positive process, then the selection of international industrial cooperation projects should be accompanied by in-depth business analysis of the complementarity of the goals and capabilities of the countries participating in industrial cooperation. Another important conclusion is the need to analyze the potential of Russian regions to identify opportunities for scaling the experience of Tatarstan - the presence of a foundation of industrial cooperation that is mutually beneficial for all parties and infrastructure that ensures the effectiveness of international cooperation. Differences between the Russian and regional economy as its meso-level may lead to an unsuccessful attempt to scale the best practices of the Republic of Tatarstan. In this regard, it is proposed to create a system for connecting part of the regions of the Russian Federation to the channels of international cooperation created in the Republic of Tatarstan to enhance interaction primarily with partners from the countries of the Islamic world.

Establishing relationships with a foreign cooperative partner in the context of the implementation of the international cooperation method

Introduction. One of the most important stages of the company's participation in international cooperation is undoubtedly the search and selection of a cooperating partner and establishing relationships with him. This plays a key role in achieving the goals and desired results of companies' participation in international cooperation and requires detailed study, systematization and graphical representation. The purpose of the paper is to improve the participation of enterprises in international cooperation by developing a sequence of establishing relationships with foreign cooperating partners in the context of using a certain method of international cooperation. Results. As participation in international industrial cooperation involves long-term partnership and pooling of resources to achieve common goals, the effectiveness of international cooperation depends directly on the cooperating partner. The process of finding and selecting a cooperating partner, establishing relationships with him is long-term and multi-stage, so it requires a clear definition of its components, their sequence and consistency. Thus, one of the necessary conditions for an enterprise to participate effectively in international cooperation is to develop a clear sequence of establishing relationships with a foreign cooperating partner, which consists of seven stages. The result of the successful completion of each of the stages of the proposed sequence of networking is the signing of an agreement with a foreign cooperating partner on the use of a certain method of international cooperation. If at a certain stage the actual results don`t coincide with the planned ones, it is possible to return to the problem areas and make certain adjustments in order to eliminate the shortcomings. Conclusion. Against the background of globalization and integration processes, the role of international cooperation as one of the effective ways to improve the competitiveness of both individual enterprises and the country's economy as a whole is constantly growing. However, the effectiveness of participation in international cooperation depends not only on the company itself, but also on the chosen cooperating partner. The proposed sequence of establishing relationships with a foreign cooperating partner in the context of the implementation of the method of international cooperation is a practically significant and universal tool that companies can adapt to their own goals and peculiarities and repeatedly apply in the future to choose a cooperating partner.

Понятие правовых принципов, их значение в регулировании внешнеторговых отношений

One of the most important components of the world economy remains the foreign economic activity of its economic entities, which, in turn, includes foreign trade, or international trade, industrial cooperation, currency and financial and credit operations, as well as relations with international organizations. The article examines the characteristics and classification of the principles of legal regulation of foreign trade.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ В СТРУКТУРІ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ З ОГЛЯДУ НА БАЗОВІ ТЕОРІЇ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ

The article outlines the main trends in the structure of international trade at the present stage and indicates in general the reasons for such changes. International trade as the main form of international economic relations at the present stage of development mediates almost all types of international cooperation associated with the globalization of the world economy. Both the positive aspects of globalization, which allow the most active development of all forms of international economic relations, and the negative ones, which manifested themselves in the context of the global financial crises, were noted. The essence of the main theories of international trade development (such as the theory of absolute advantages, the theory of comparative advantages, the theory of the ratio of factors of production, Keynesian theory), which traces the relationship with the formation of the world economy. Based on the analysis of data from the International Monetary Fund, the following current trends are substantiated: first, the real economy is developing more slowly than the financial system; secondly, the interconnection of financial systems in connection with the processes of global integration of economic elements has increased, which increases the risk of a “chain reaction”; third, the financial system is becoming increasingly complex due to the variety of instruments and operations. We explain the main provisions of the theory of factors of production as explaining the main trends in the structure of international trade. First, a gradual decrease in the value of the marginal utility of each additional cost of factors of production is allowed. Secondly, the same structure of consumption, the same tastes and habits of the population, the same production conditions of producers, constant tariffs, transportation and other costs. All this, of course, in our subjective opinion, fits into the total system of globalization, international industrial cooperation and economic integration of countries, the consequences of which are the outlined trends in the structure of the international economy.

Trade and economic relations between Russia and the Netherlands: formation and development

Successful development of mutual trade and economic ties between Russia and the Netherlands has been lasting for centuries. In ancient times, when both states were actively developing, vessels loaded with various goods were already cruising between their shores; while national leaders were building bilateral trade policy. The development of cooperation reached its peak during the time of Peter the Great, when the Russian Empire carried out industrialization by entering into a full-scale international industrial cooperation with its historical partner. Participation of the Russian state in the development of trade and economic relations with the Netherlands took different shapes depending on the current needs and capabilities of the country. However, specially authorized envoys who carried out their functions on the territory of the Netherlands played exclusively important role in it, whether they were representatives of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Tsarist Russia in Rotterdam or the People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade in the pre-war years. October 1945, when the Trade Representation opened its doors in Amsterdam, marked the new chapter in the history of trade relations between two countries. Historical review of the activities conducted by the Trade Mission in one of the world's TOP economically developed countries of the world over the 75-year period is demanded for providing advice in respect to setting up of strategic plans for the development of foreign trade in terms of exports, deepening international industrial cooperation and faster adaptation to the requirements by foreign markets.

METHODOLOGICAL BASES FOR STUDYING THE INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES MODERNIZATION IN THE NEO-INDUSTRIALIZATION CONTEXT

The article is devoted to the development of a methodology that will form the basis of the theory of industrial complexes modernization in the neo-industrialization context. The modern conditions of modernization are described, a distinctive feature of which is global economic, technological and political instability. The neo-industrialization is substantively characterized as an economic phenomenon. This made it possible to develop the following principles for determining the directions and tools for the industrial complexes modernization in the context of neo-industrialization: priority of providing employment; the priority of the economic security of the enterprise in international industrial cooperation; the possibility of selling products on the domestic market.

ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ОФШОРНОГО БАНКІНГУ

Глобальні умови функціонування світової банківської системи закладають якісно нові умови акумулювання і перерозподілу фінансового капіталу за різними регіонами і секторами світової економіки, а також трансформації сукупних заощаджень економічних агентів різних країн у глобальний інвестиційний капітал. Особливе місце у світовій банківській архітектурі посідає офшорне банківництво, яке в останні десятиліття перетворилось на усталений й невід’ємний компонент глобального фінансового ринку. Охоплюючи операції банківських установ, що локалізовані в офшорних юрисдикціях, офшорний банкінг забезпечує підприємницьким структурам значне послаблення податкового навантаження, високу конфіденційність комерційних угод та надійне збереження капіталу. У той самий час поглиблення міжнародної спеціалізації і виробничого кооперування, фрагментація глобальних потоків товарів і капітальних ресурсів забезпечують економічним суб’єктам широкі можливості щодо застосування послуг офшорного банківського бізнесу у цілях використання особливих систем корпоративного законодавства.
 У статті розкрито масштаби і структурну динаміку офшорного банківництва в останні десятиліття. Комплексно охарактеризовано сучасні тенденції розвитку офшорних банків з акцентуванням дослідницького інтересу на процесах системної технологізації і динамічному поширенні фінтеху і штучного інтелекту, проникнення у даний сектор технологій електронної комерції, його переведення на технології блокчейну, посилення клієнт-орієнтованості і персоніфікованості офшорних банківських операцій, глибокої конвергенції діяльності офшорних банків й міжнародних інвестиційних компаній, активізації злиттів трастових офшорних компаній та ін. Доведено, що дані тенденції відбивають глобальний характер діяльності офшорних банків, високий рівень інноваційності їх сервісів, неухильну диверсифікацію банківських послуг та підвищення рівня стійкості банківської системи до дії чинників світової економічної нерівноваги. Особливу увагу приділено питанню щодо реалізації блокчейн-стартапів та організації бірж з торгівлі цифровими валютами, що справляють вагомий вплив на механізми функціонування офшорного банківництва. Обґрунтовано, що клієнтам офшорних банків надається на сьогодні широкий спектр послуг, що виходить далеко за рамки власне банківського обслуговування, й охоплює також консалтингові сервіси з питань податкового законодавства, оптимізації податкових витрат, заснування офшорного бізнесу тощо.

China, Singapore and Kazakhstan: experience of international technological cooperation

In modern conditions, the role of international industrial cooperation is increasing. Global industrial cooperation goes beyond normal interstate trade, direct cooperative link, and occupational production, foreign investment cooperation, and joint scientific and technical activities. International technological exchange, which serves as the dissemination of scientific and technological progress, also affects the effectiveness of the entire cycle of work, from development to commercial application. The forms of technology swapping are determined by the characteristics of the transferred technology and the characteristics of the subjects of the transfer process. The recipient of a technology or technologically intensive product gets the opportunity to assimilate most of the partner's scientific and technological experience. The article researches certain aspects of the technological development of Asian countries such as Singapore and China, whose experience in the area of successful international technological exchange is interesting to Kazakhstan and other countries that seek to actively integrate into global technological processes. The article assesses the existing systems for supporting innovations and stimulating high-tech industries in Kazakhstan. The article also provides an expert opinion of a foreign expert, Deputy Director of the Singapore organization the Action Community for Entrepreneurship, Brian Patrick Tan, as well as representatives of the venture Fund “Qaz Tech Venture” on the potential of integrating Kazakhstan into the international scientific and technical space.

The development of the international industrial cooperation in the EAEU

International industrial cooperation in the EAEU is one of the most important directions for increasing the volume of non-primary non-energy exports, planned by the national project of Russia "International Cooperation and Export", as well as the key factor of the successful development of Eurasian economic integration. The legal acts adopted in recent years allowed to ensure substantial progress in this area, however, significant potential for joint project activities and the development of industrial cooperation of the EAEU member states remains. In this regard, the article proposes a number of measures aimed at its effective implementation and increase in the volume of the Russian non-primary non-energy exports.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ТА ІНТЕГРАЦІЙНІ АСПЕКТИ ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ВИБОРУ ФОРМ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ВИРОБНИЧОЇ КООПЕРАЦІЇ

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the essential nature of the world labor division's influence on the social production organization and the international economic relations trade parameters. The theoretical substantiation and approaches development for generalizing the essence and choosing industrial cooperation forms in international economic relations have been considered the research's purpose. The prerequisites for the production and technological connectivity emergence between the creating new value cooperative chain participants have been generalized. The specific nature of the economic cooperation forms content has been established. This content's essence is based on the contradictory intertwining of different socio-economic landmarks of the cooperation participants. The necessity of considering the specifics of economic content and features of the mechanism of long-term cooperation and differentiation of levels of participants' economic potential in partnership in justifying the choice of forms of international industrial cooperation is proved. The interconnection and interdependence of economic integration and production cooperation in international economic relations have been defined by taking into account the current level of business dependence and administrative coordination of various partnership entities' activity plans. The ambiguous essence is revealed, the consequences of using the toll raw materials in the international production and cooperation relations operations have been revealed. The positivity of the economic integration global aspect manifestation in international industrial cooperation has been proved by the cooperation structural and organizational forms significant expansion. The core and system-forming nature of the cooperative relation participants' unity level influence on choosing international production cooperation form have been revealed. The characteristics of international production cooperation structural and organizational forms such as cluster formations, business incubators, industrial parks, technology parks, innovation centers have been provided.

Eurasian Economic Union’s Globalization as a Condition for International Industrial Cooperation Forming

The international globalization process and development of industrial cooperation are concepts reviewed in this article to describe the most important feature of the modern world economy. In the non-favorable economic environment and increasing competition there are multiple examples creation of Economic Unions, practically everywhere in the world, which demonstrate that it is not an isolated event, but an actual global phenomenon. The domestic enterprises opportunities given by economic integration are growing, so it is require studying the means and ways for their utilization. The main goal in creating an Economic Union is the evolution of regional integration processes. The significance of the fourth stage in economic integration comprises Economic Unions on the modern world can hardly be overestimated. XXI century gave such a high incentive to the development of international integration – Economic unions have become the major players on the world economic scene. The research focused on processes of regional integration and its particular features in the frame of the Eurasian Economic Union formation and their impact on the development of international industrial cooperation in the Union.

Russia in the changing conditions of world trade: A structural view at the new positioning

This article discusses changes in the structure of world trade and the features of integration of Russian economy into the global exchange of goods and services. There is an increasing competition on global markets of goods and services that require high-skilled labor. During the last two decades, the structure of Russian export has not gained positive diversification shifts and comparative advantage in high value added goods. The article discusses the following problems of Russian trade policy: an overestimation of traditional sectors’ export potential, a lack of attention to the problems of integration into global value chains and international industrial cooperation, and an untapped potential of fast-growing medium-sized companies. The agenda of prospective Russian trade policy might include a transition to a broad interpretation of trade policy oriented towards long-term structural changes in the economy and a change in the positioning of sectors in global value chains, combined with measures to develop human capital and institutions, determining the further formation of the service sector.

Brexit: Consequences for the Dutch Economy

Economic ties between the Netherlands and the Great Britain, the major trade and investment partners are historically very strong. Dutch and British economies are mutually integrated in respect with the work of business community, financial systems and institutional framework. Economic equilibrium formed before the British referendum (Brexit) will not remain as it used to be. Brexit keeps a threat for Dutch economy due to fast establishing of barriers to the relocation of goods, commercial services and capital. The Government of the Netherlands implements a set of measures aimed at overcoming the negative consequences. Policy in what relates to the relocation of common European institutions and business control functions within Europe to the territory of the Netherlands strengthens its role as one of the EU economic leaders appropriate for the joint building of pragmatic dialogue aimed to solve actual tasks of trade and investment cooperation. Current situation brings certain risks for Russia, but at the same time, opens the possibilities for maintaining more close economic cooperation with the Great Britain and first of all with the Netherlands. Therefore, the conducting of monitoring and actualization of trade policy with the respect to bilateral foreign economic priorities in the field of export, deepening international industrial cooperation and intensive adaptation of business services to foreign markets requirements is much demanded.

Суспільно-географічні зв'язки: понятійно-термінологічна система

The rapid evolution of the modern world – the world economy is creating new conditions for the operation of open dynamic systems – the world economy, which is the basis for our view of social and geographical ties. In the article the basic terms and concepts supilno and geographical ties, and develop concepts and terminology system (PTS) studied communications through the category of “world economy”. A look at their social and geographical relationships and their place in the structure of social geography. Social and geographic ties – a complex system which is based constitute international public relations in the organic unity between all the actors of the world economy, a kind of core of which is the integration of the world economy. The basis of the concept of “social and geographical ties” assigned categories – international economic integration, international migration of capital, international labor migration, international industrial cooperation. International economic integration includes the following stages of development as a free trade area, customs union, common market, economic union, complete economic integration. International labor migration consists of the following stages as migration, mobility and migration, migration outcome. The basic terms of the system of relationships between macroeconomic indicators and identify patterns of the system. Also, the article emphasizes the dynamics of the system and its behavior, not the static equilibrium. A model of international relations sector and the sector of price changes that are relevant in today’s world transformation which aims to stimulate growth in production and GDP. Provides reduce the tax burden through lower tax and interest rates through the discount rate as well as through the reserve ratio to stimulate consumption and investment, producing GDP growth. At the present stage of economic relations is their actual globalization that is increasing interdependence of national economies around the world and enhance the transparency of national markets and the deepening international division of labor and integration.

Основное противоречие международной производственной кооперации

Objective: to analyze the contradictions of international industrial cooperation as a driving force for its development.Methods: identification and analysis of contradictions in international cooperation were carried out using systematic approach based on general scientific methods of theoretical and empirical research: analysis, synthesis, scientific observation, measurement and comparison. On the basis of generalization and analysis of the information contained in the statistical system of the Organization for economic cooperation and development and the global competitiveness reports of the world economic forum, the author presents assessment of the level of technological and knowledge- intensity of the economies of certain developed and developing (transition) countries, investment efficiency in science and research, their influence on the technological level of production and the degree of technological sovereignty of the mentioned countries.Results: the study of the industrialized countries’ experience has shown that the production of high-tech products is impossible without integration into a global cooperative network of industrial companies and research institutes. However, being included into the global production chains and attracting advanced technologies of production, marketing and management, the national companies inevitably fall into dependence on foreign (import) supply.An economic axiom is formulated: modern high-tech production requires a dramatic expansion of international production cooperation.The main ontological contradiction of international industrial cooperation is revealed, characterized by the impact on the improvement of the technological level of production and innovativeness of the national economy, on the one hand, and simultaneous strengthening of its dependence on foreign partners, on the other hand.Scientific novelty: on the basis of systematic approach, the article reveals contradictions in international cooperation in the context of innova- tive development and economic security of the country; the basic contradiction of international industrial cooperation is formulated; it is proved that the resolution/mitigation of the main contradiction is due to the development of the national innovation system.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used in the development of recommendations to reduce the level of contradictions in international cooperation, and to weaken the dependence of the Russian industry from imports.

International industrial cooperation in the system of foreign trade of Ukraine

The international industrial cooperation in the system of foreign trade relations of Ukraine is studied. The methodological and methodical aspects of the international industrial cooperation, its forms and methods of the estimation are designed. The scale and geographical structure of the competitive industry enterprise of Ukraine in the international production cooperation are analyzed. The economic premises of the country participation in the industrial cooperation are revealed. The comparative features of the industrial cooperation of Ukraine with CIS and EU countries are analyzed. The factors of economic and political nature, which prevent the development of the cooperation relations of Ukraine with CIS and EU countries, are defined. The analysis of dynamics and structures of the industrial cooperation of Ukraine with CIS countries is considered. The negative forecast for the further development of cooperation is carried out. The directions of the industrial cooperation development for shaping the politic external economic relations of the country are noted.

Practice and Exploration of Localizing International Cooperation and Exchange of Industrial Design Education

As an important approach of promoting Industrial Design in our country, international Industrial Design exchange activities are carrying out vigorously. With the increasing development of these kinds of communications, it becomes a critical issue that how to effectively and sustainably conduct these international communications to realize the true sense of learning from each other and improving oneself. This paper discusses some ideas on international Industrial Design cooperation and communications based on our own practical experience, and some examples are given.

International industrial linkages and export development: The case of Chile

This article analyses the role played by international Industrial linkages in the export development of Chile. International industrial linkages or cooperation are taken here to cover a wide range of international entrepreneurial activities other than majority equity contributions.

Legal Regulation of the International Industrial Cooperation Contract Within Cmea

Legal Regulation of the International Industrial Cooperation Contract Within Cmea