Industrial International Competitiveness Research Articles

International competitiveness and restructuring of the Croatian food industry

The goal of this article is to provide a deeper insight to the overall contribution of the export of food products to the Croatian economy and to estimate the direct and indirect impact of the international competitiveness of food producers on other domestic sectors. The authors measure the importance of the food sector by employing both the constant market share (CMS) and the input-output analysis. The results indicate that a loss in competitiveness in the Croatian food industry was the most important factor that determined the decreasing share of national companies in the period from 2009, when the global recession started, up to 2013, when Croatia joined the EU. EU membership strongly and positively influenced the performance of Croatian food exports. The negative trend regarding the share of the international food market was reversed. Besides having a direct impact on the export performance of the food industry, the international competitiveness of food producers indirectly affects other domestic companies whose products are used as intermediate inputs in the food industry. The study also presents a benchmark of results with previous research for EU countries, which rarely included Croatia before the accession in 2013. As far as output and value added are concerned, multipliers for the food industry are relatively significant and higher than the national average, and the food industry could be assessed as one of the key Croatian economic sectors.

1950年代後半〜60年代前半における日本造船業の建造効率と国際競争 : 建造実績世界一と西欧水準建造効率達成の幻影

1950年代後半〜60年代前半における日本造船業の建造効率と国際競争 : 建造実績世界一と西欧水準建造効率達成の幻影

Establishment of young ruminants rearing system and its key scientific issues

The growth and health performance of young animals has deep effect on the realization of their later genetic capacity. However, the rearing performance of young ruminants is far from the requirements of ruminant industry development in China, especially the prolonged suckling period, high mortality rate, and low growth rate of young ruminants severely hindered the development of ruminant industry. Technically, our poor comprehension of the nutritional physiology and nutrient requirements, standardized feeding and management strategies, specialized production, and modernized feeding equipment R&D for young ruminants are the bottlenecks existed in young ruminants rearing process. To solve these industry and technical problems of young ruminants, it is urgent and significant to do further effective research work and deep our understanding of young ruminant nutrition and physiology accomplished with guideline of question-orientation and supply-side structural reform, and it is also a pivotal step to finally promote the healthy and sustainable development of ruminant industry. More importantly, from the perspective of the ruminant industry development, it is essential to initialize an industry innovation alliance and an effective research service system based on the young ruminant industry development to support the extension of technical achievements and enhancement of the international competitiveness of the young ruminant industry. At the same time, it is vital to confirm the research work focusing on the development of young ruminants, including the nutritional physiology, nutrients requirements, and key products for the rearing of young ruminants. To improve the rearing effectiveness of young ruminants, the establishment of scientific and systematic young ruminants rearing system, which is a system to dig the genetic capacity for later fattening or milking performance by the early weaning and scientific feeding and management based on our deep comprehension of the development traits of the gastrointestinal tract and nutrient requirements etc., is a guarantee for the sustainable development of young ruminant industry. Facing the development of young ruminants in the future, therefore, it is suggested that some key scientific issues in young ruminant rearing process need to be strengthened, including the theoretical research of young ruminant rearing based on nutrition-gene expression and modern multi-omics technology, deep explore the mechanism of early nutritional regulation on their later potential growth and development, and the relationship between ewe nutrition regulation and young ruminant growth and health. Hereon, the sorting out of these related issues are meaningful for enhancing the content of science and technology in national young ruminant rearing field and promoting the development of ruminant industry forward large-scale, intensity and wisdom. At last, for the first time as the organizer of the China’s top science forum, Xiangshan Science Conferences, in Animal husbandry field, we propose again the establishment of young ruminant rearing system with joint supporting by scientist, enterpriser, and government departments to promote and guide the development of ruminant industry in China and even in the world.

Analysis of the Ukrainian instrument-making industry international competitiveness using porter’s diamond

The article analyzes the ten-year dynamics of the export and import of instrument-making to identify the main trends in the industry. The international competitiveness of Ukraine's instrument-making has been analyzed with the use of M. Porter diamond in measurements of factor conditions (human resources, natural resources, finance, technology and infrastructure), cluster of supporting industries, domestic demand and competition in the domestic market. The method of national preferences in the industry has allowed to give full characteristics of the positive and negative factors that influence the competitiveness of the industry and identify problems and perspectives for the future development. In this study we founded that the industry is import-oriented and has problems in the areas of raw material supply, infrastructure of small towns, related industries and tough competition conditions. At the same time, there are advantages in the form of highly skilled personnel and scientific potential, as well as opportunities for attracting investment funds. The conducted research allowed to give comprehensive assess to the current state of the instrument-making industry, as well as provide a list of practical recommendations aimed to increase the competitiveness of the instrument-making in Ukraine.

Analysed with Shanghai international fashion the development of creative industry

<p>Rapid development of economy, and promote people to enter the era of knowledge economy. Under this background, the global economy especially the economic model of developed countries began to industrial restructuring and structural adjustment, and fashion creative industry economy is the product of the change. It embodies a nation in such aspects as culture, science and technology and creative design of soft power, to some extent, also represents a national industry's international competitiveness, is one of the most important industry in the development of leading industry. In the globalization trend of strengthening, today, the increasingly fierce competition in the international fashion scale and degree, the development of creative industry has become a measure of a country or a city comprehensive competitiveness of one of the important symbol. Therefore, many countries and regions all over the industry as a strategic industry and pillar industry to develop. Along with the rapid economic and social development as well as the consumer demand is rising, fashion creative industry gradually become Shanghai currently one of the most promising new industries. Especially in the face of the global economic downturn, China's transformation of the mode of development environment, development fashion creative industry will help speed up the Shanghai industrial structure transformation, beneficial to stimulate consumer demand, to improve the Shanghai international influence, for the Shanghai a new round of development, the construction of "four centers" and one of the breach of the international metropolis.</p>

Empirical Study on Dynamic Factors of Information Industry Collaborative Innovation

Since the reform and opening-up, information industry has achieved rapid growth in China, though there are a lot of problems waiting to be dealt with. For purpose of finding out the key driving factors of the information collaborative innovation, the paper constructs information industry collaborative innovation dynamic factors system on the base of correlative references. After obtaining large quantities of data by questionnaire survey and using Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation do empirical research on each factor, we finally found the key driving factors of information collaborative innovation in China. Specifically, the mechanism of innovation motivation, the support of national policy, and the research scale of information industry are the most important factors. In order to enhance China’s information industry collaborative innovation capability and international competitiveness, it must facilitate the key dynamic factors internally and externally.

Influence of a Carbon Tax on Low-Carbon Trade Competitiveness of the Paper-Making Industry

Abstract Policies to constrain carbon emissions, such as the carbon tax, have made low-carbon trade competitiveness (LCTC) a significant tendency in research concerning industrial international competitiveness. However, few empirical studies have analyzed the influence of a carbon tax on LCTC. We combined the trade competitiveness index and industrial carbon productivity to construct an industrial LCTC index that can analyze carbon emissions performance and international competitiveness. We then used the LCTC index to build a dynamic panel model with its potential factors, which was estimated by system generalized method of moments method based on panel data of 38 countries between 1995 and 2009. We found evidence that a carbon tax exerts an indirect positive influence on the LCTC of the paper-making industry by stimulating technological innovation. The policy implications suggest that, considering the increasingly intensified countermeasures against carbon leakage, governments should strengthen the promotion mechanism of technological innovation to guarantee the positive effects of a carbon tax.

Supply Chain Collaboration of High Pressure Pasteurization Processing Foods and Beverages

This research chooses food that has shelf life as the object. The authors research on the best decision and coordination mechanism of members in supply chain from the customer choice behavior between food with different freshness and taste. Case studies are employed to construct the model of supply chain collaboration. This research not only has an important theoretical value on promoting the development of applying Chinese management science to the area of food industry and its internationalization, but also has great practical significance on strengthening the survival and development capacity and comprehensive international competitiveness of Chinese food industry and improving the social welfare.

ПІДВИЩЕННЯ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ЯК ФАКТОР РОЗВИТКУ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

In the article the problem of advancing the international competitiveness of industry has been highlighted in the context of the impact on getting out the crises in the country and forming preconditions for economic growth. The study is based on an empirical basis of metallurgical industries of Ukraine, which has traditionally focused largely on international markets. The advancing international competitiveness of these enterprises is particularly topical and important for getting over the crisis and forming a trajectory of economic development of the country. The system of the factors has been represented and analysed, the priorities for advancing the international competitiveness of metallurgical industryJSC "Zaporizhstal".Recommendations to improve the competitiveness of the analysed enterprise have been formulated and common priorities for improving the international competitiveness of steel companies determining the possibility of positive impact on getting over the crisis and economic development at the level of companies, as well as at the level of Ukraine's economy have been identified.

A Study on Measures for Enhancing the International Competitiveness of Chinese Tea Industry

A Study on Measures for Enhancing the International Competitiveness of Chinese Tea Industry

Current Status of Ginseng Cultivation and Soil Characteristics of Northeastern Three Provinces in China

This study was conducted to improve the continuous techniques for international competitiveness of ginseng industry to Korea-China FTA negotiation and conclusion, and provide the basic information for ginseng industry development of Korea. It was carried out the visiting of the northeastern three provinces (Jilin, Liaoling and Heilongjang) in China for 3-year from 2014 to 2016 and observed the farmers’ fields of ginseng cultivation with soil environmental status. The types of ginseng cultivation could be observed in small scales of 0.5∼3.0 ha, in middle scales of 4.0∼10.0 ha and in large scales of 30∼700 ha with the kinds of imhasam, Chinese ginseng, Korean ginseng and western ginseng. Also ginseng was cultivated in newly reclaimed land of forest in two types of direct seeding and transplanting of ginseng seedlings. The field beds of ginseng growing were covered with vinyl films in arch design of 100∼130 cm height and vinyl was painted in spraying with blue, green and yellow colours for shading. It was investigated in status of the physico-chemical properties of soils. The physical information on the field soils were silt loam, loam and sandy loam in soil textures, and some plain in low slope, some alluvial fan or local valley in forest of land topography. Soil pH ranged within 5.0∼5.2, soil EC was 0.93∼3.78 dS m -1 , organic matter was 37∼35 g kg -1 , nitrate nitrogen 63∼490 mg kg -1 , available P2O5 55∼163 mg kg-1, and in exchangeable cations, K was 0.30∼0.98, Ca was 6.5∼14.0, Mg was 1.1∼5.3 cmolc kg -1 in ranges. Farmers used the fertilizer for ginseng cultivation in 10∼11 t of compost, 200∼400 kg ha - 1 of complex fertilizer and 750 kg ha -1 of oil cakes. The northeastern three provinces of China can use the newly lands with large areas of ginseng cultivation in soil sickness by continuous cropping. and the soil basic fertility is batter than that of Korean in standard guide of ginseng cultivation soil.

European Integration and Competitiveness of EU New Member States

This research is intended to evaluate the influence of the European integration, through the EU financing dimension, upon the evolution of external competitiveness of countries part of the EU community since the enlargements of 2004 and, respectively, 2007, excluding Malta and Cyprus (hereafter called as New Member States (NMS)). The paper methodology is based on appropriate research of relevant economic indicators intended to evaluate the EU funds’ influence on the industrial development and external competitiveness of NMS. Therefore, in the analysis performed there were figured out and calculated correlations between the following indicators: EU expenditure by NMS, Current Account to GDP ratio, Industrial Performance index, Global Innovation Index and Index of Economic Freedom. These indicators characterize the NMS’ business environment, institutional framework and, consequently, the degree of international competitiveness. The research contributes to confirm the assumptions about the European integration and the EU financing instruments had important effects in improving the industrial performance, in particular, and international competitiveness of NMS, in general. However, the differences in the correlations calculated between EU financing received by the NMS and different analysed indicators, suggest that EU funds were not the only drivers of the increasing competitiveness of the analyzed countries.

TOOLING DESIGN IMPROVEMENT OF MULTISTAGE COLD FORGING OF SPECIALTY SHAPED NUTS USING CAE AND 3D PRINTING

Given its critical role in the fastener industry, cold forging is widely performed in automotive production, manufacturing, aviation, and 3C products. Personnel experience and trying error approaches provide a subjective and unreliable background despite their extensive use in fastener forming and die design owing to the difficulty in controlling the development schedule. This study used DEFORM-3D analysis software to investigate the die service life from producing specialty shaped nuts in a multistage cold forging process. Effective stress, effective strain, velocity field, and other quantitative metrics of dies and work-pieces can be obtained from numerical simulations. Herein, 3D printing technology is also implemented to create cold forging dies and deformed work-pieces for assessing the dimension of tooling assembly. This process allows engineers to gain a better understanding of the tooling design at development phase and derives the parts, which were previously just simulation results from DEFORM-3D forming software. Results can help a multistage processing factory establish a cold forming capacity for the development of new products. Consequently, the ability of self-design and self-manufacture of specialty shaped fasteners in Taiwan could be increased widely to enhance the international competitiveness of domestic industries.

The Cause of the Weakening International Competitiveness of the Japanese Electronics Industry

The Cause of the Weakening International Competitiveness of the Japanese Electronics Industry

An Analysis on the International Competitiveness of Korean, Chinese and Japanese Petrochemical Industry

An Analysis on the International Competitiveness of Korean, Chinese and Japanese Petrochemical Industry

China Coal Industry International Competitiveness Research Based on Unascertained Clustering

The unascertained clustering is a new clustering method, which combines unascertained theory and clustering theory to construct the unascertained measure, and uses the unascertained measure as set membership to indicate the membership relation between the samples with the different classes. It overcomes the disadvantage of means clustering algorithm, that a sample definitely belongs to a class, which made greater progress than -means clustering. There are complex non-linear relationship between the coal industry competitiveness and various factors. The article established the evaluation influencing factors system of coal industry international competitiveness. 6 unascertained clustering method to cluster competitiveness. It found out each class center, and gave the membership degree of the samples belong to each class, which better resolved the problem of classifying the coal industry international competitiveness.

A computable general equilibrium assessment of Japan’s nuclear energy policy and implications for renewable energy

This study assesses the economic and environmental impacts of Japan’s nuclear power scenarios and examines the implications for renewable energy. To assess nuclear power scenarios, we use the following three scenarios: “new policy scenario” of the International Energy Agency as a reference; a 40-year operational time limit of nuclear power plants; and no restart of nuclear power plants. For all scenarios, renewable energy with feed-in tariffs is considered. In addition, to assess the impact on the international competitiveness of Japanese industry, we construct a multi-regional, recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model based on version 8.1 of the Global Trade Analysis Project database. Compared to the reference scenario, the other two scenarios increase CO2 emissions through an increase in fossil fuel electricity generation and decreases Japan’s real gross domestic product, although renewable energy supply also increases. In particular, a nuclear power phase-out negatively impacts Japan’s energy-intensive and trade-exposed sectors. However, our model does not consider externalities from fossil fuel usage and nuclear risk. The results of this simulation study represent the first step in answering important questions on energy policy but further research on externalities of fossil fuel and nuclear power usage should be conducted.

International Competitiveness: A Case Study of American, Swedish, and Ukrainian Forest Industries

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this article are to assess changes in the international competitiveness of the forest products industries in three countries (Sweden, the US, and Ukraine) during the years preceding, during, and after the recent economic crisis. To deepen the exploration of the three countries’ competitiveness, we propose a Cross-Country Relative Competitiveness Index. The results show that comprehensive measurement of comparative and competitive advantages is essential for determining why a given industry in a given country is doing well or badly. They also provide broad background information for subsequent, more detailed explorations of important changes and trends.

The Strategies to Strengthen the International Competitiveness of Korea's Oral Hygiene Industry: Focused on the China Market

The Strategies to Strengthen the International Competitiveness of Korea's Oral Hygiene Industry: Focused on the China Market

A Study on the International Competitiveness of the Core Foundation Industries of e-Business

A Study on the International Competitiveness of the Core Foundation Industries of e-Business